nos (ourselves) os (yourselves) se (yourselves, themselves)

nos (ourselves) os (yourselves) se (yourselves, themselves)

Reflexive verbs
November 14, 2011
Reflexive Verbs are those in which the subject both performs and receives
the action expressed by the verb.
Reflexive verbs must always be accompanied by a reflexive pronoun which represent the same person as the subject.
Reflexive Pronouns
me (myself)
te (yourself)
se (yourself/himself/herself)
nos (ourselves)
os (yourselves)
se (yourselves, themselves)
The pronouns follow the same rules of placement as the DOP and IOP:
1. Before the conjugated verb
2. After and attached to the infinitive
3. after and attached to the gerund.
4. attached to the affirmative command.
5. Between the No and the Negative command.
If there are 2 or more pronouns, remember RID
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Reflexive verbs
November 14, 2011
Usually:
• verbs that describe personal care and daily routines are reflexive.
acostarse
afeitarse
bañarse
cepillarse
• Verbs that express feelings, moods, and changes in conditions
or emotional states are often reflexive. (English= to become)
•
alegrarse
enamorarse
enojarse
divertirse
acordarse
olvidarse
enfermarse
pelearse
• Almost any verb that takes a direct object can be made reflexive
to indicate or emphasize something one does to or for him/herself.
Ej. Compro un libro. Leí una novela rosa.
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Me compro un libro. (I buy myself a book)
Me leí un novela rosa. I read a romance novel to myself.
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Reflexive verbs
November 14, 2011
• Some verbs change meanings when used with a reflexive pronoun:
acostar
dormir
enfermar
ir
levantar
llamar
llevar
poner
quitar
vestir
acostarse
dormirse
enfermarse
irse
levantarse
llamarse
llevarse
ponerse
quitarse
vestirse
but also:
acercar to bring near
acordar to agree
negar
to deny
parecer
to seem
probar
to taste
volver
to return
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acercarse to approach
acordarse to remember
negarse (a) to refuse (to)
parecerse (a) to look like
probarse to try on
volverse to turn around
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Reflexive verbs
November 14, 2011
· Reciprocal actions
Reflexive verbs in the plural forms can be used to express reciprocal actions
(things that are done to each other or to one another)
with nos, os, se
To distinguish reciprocal actions from reflexive actions, the phrases el uno al otro and a nosotros/vosotros/sí mismos are used.
Jamie y Carlos se querían muchísimo (el uno al otro).
pero, Jamie y Rogelio se abrazaron, se besaron y se casaron.
• With hacerse, ponerse, and volverse = "to become"
hacerse + noun (or adj.) conscious effort is involved
ponerse + adj
no conscious effort, AND change is physical, mental, or emotional.
volverse + adj.
change is involuntary, sudden, and violent
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Reflexive verbs
November 14, 2011
Other uses of "se"
• to form the impersonal passive voice. (where the "doer" is unknown)
the subject usually follows the verb.
Aquí se habla español. Spanish is spoken here.
• to form impersonal statements with the third person singular.
(The subject is one, they, people, etc.)
Se debe estudiar todos los días. One ﴾they, people﴿ should study every day
In Spanish, you can also use Uno when the subject is "one" or "people" In this case, the subject is known and no longer impersonal so you no longer use the "se".
• to make an accidental, unplanned or unexpected action impersonal. (To remove the responsibility from the person) The object is now the Subject of the verb.
Se me cayeron los libros.
Se me olvidó la tarea.
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The books were dropped (by me.)
The homework was forgotten (by me.)
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Reflexive verbs
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November 14, 2011
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