Versión 2 TPP

Transcripción

Versión 2 TPP

RadioMobile y otras herramientas
Iván Bernal, Ph.D.
[email protected]
Quito – Ecuador
Copyright @2008, I. Bernal
Agenda
•
Introducción a RadioMobile
•
Se usa material de otros autores, indicados en la Bibliografía.
•
j p con datos de Ecuador
Se usan ejemplos
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Bibliografía
•
http://pe1mew.nl/radiomobile/?Welcome...
•
http://www.g3tvu.co.uk/Quick_Start.htm
•
http://www cplus org/rmw
http://www.cplus.org/rmw
•
http://www.telefonica.net/web2/ismael/REMER/RMDL/RMDL0_Indice.htm
•
http://pizon.org/rmw/
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Características
• For plotting RF patterns
• For predicting the performance of radio systems
• Using freely available terrain elevation data it can produce grey
scale, x-ray and rainbow colored virtual maps.
• It can also produce 3-D and stereoscopic views as well as flyby
animations.
• Background images can be merged with scanned maps, satellite
photos and Mapquest maps to produce accurate prediction plots.
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2
Descargar
• Versión 9.1.8 (June 5, 2008) (se deben bajar varios módulos por separado)
Último chequeo por actualización el 7 de junio de 2008
Para información de las versiones:
¾ http://www.cplus.org/rmw/msgen.html
• Descargas (se deben bajar varios módulos por separado):
http://www.cplus.org/rmw/english1.html
Mirror site:
¾ http://www.ve2dbe.com/english1.html
• Versión 7.6.3
7 6 3 (con instalador único)
http://www.pizon.org/files/index.html
• Tutorial
http://pizon.org/rmw/ (Puede confundirles la sección: Downloading and Installing
Radio Mobile, mejor usen la guía de las siguientes páginas)
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Instalación
• Step 1
For old versions of Windows or Linux-Wine:
¾Download the Visual Basic Runtime (Service pack 6) File vbrun60sp6.exe from
Microsoft.
Microsoft
9 http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=7B9BA261-7A9C43E7-9117-F673077FFB3C&displaylang=en
Extract and install it on your PC before executing the next steps (you may
have to reboot).
• Step
p2
Create a program directory to place the contents of the following files.
Example:
¾C:\Radio_Mobile
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3
Instalación
• Step 3
Installation of rmwcore.zip is required for all languages!
• Step 4
Installation of rmwupdate.zip is required for all languages!
• Step 5
English language by Roger Coudé
Spanish language by Juan Andrés González
• Si se expande cada zip en un directorio diferente dentro de
C:\Radio_Mobile,
esta configuración es incorrecta. Expandir todo dentro de
un solo directorio.
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Instalación
• Solo para ver contenido de cada archivo descargado.
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Instalación
• Solo para ver contenido de cada archivo descargado.
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Instalación
• Step 6
Create a data directory structure.
¾"C:\Geodata"
¾"C:\Geodata\srtm1"
¾"C:\Geodata\srtm3"
¾"C:\Geodata\GTOPO30"
¾"C:\Geodata\Terraserver"
¾"C:\Geodata\Landsat"
¾"C:\Geodata\OpenStreetMap”
¾........
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5
Instalación
• Step 7
Insure that no other instances of Rmwdlx32.dll exists on your system. If you want to
put the program at more than one location, you should put Rmwdlx32.dll (and other
dlls) in c:\Windows\system32.
To get UTM coordinates in MGRS format instead of amateur radio QRA extract
File utm.zip in the program directory.
To get a World Map with SRTM continent definition, extract File wmap.zip in the
program directory.
By reading and editing the file Map_Link.txt with Notepad, the program can access
various map layers for personal use only.
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Información de elevación
• Ejecutar rmweng.exe (ó rmwspa.exe) para iniciar la aplicación
• Fortunately most of this data is available free of charge and with a
little effort is easily installed
installed.
• Radio Mobile accepts elevations in a number of formats including:
SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Misión)
DTED (Digital Terrain Elevation Data)
GTOPO30 (Global Topographic Data)
• Revisar luego de las explicaciones:
http://www.cplus.org/rmw/dataen.html
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Información de elevación (automáticamente)
• The easiest way to obtain elevation data for Radio Mobile is to let the software download
the data as needed.
• By default Radio Mobile will download elevation data if it is not found in your local
path. You should change this setting.
To do so click on the Options
p
menu and select "Internet.”
You will want to click on each element of the list and make sure that "Download from Internet
if a file is not found on local path and keep a local copy" is selected on each page (SRTM,
Toporama, Terraserver, LANDSAT)
•By setting this option, Radio
Mobile will save any elevation
data you download to a folder
which will speed up rendering of
plots in the future.
• The local files path can be set to
any folder on your computer or a
network drive if you wish to share
the downloaded data with other
users on your local network.
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Información de elevación (manualmente)
• GTOPO30 (Global Topographic Data)
GTOPO30 is a global digital elevation model (DEM) resulting from a
collaborative effort led by the staff at the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS
Data Center in Sioux Falls,
Falls South Dakota
Dakota.
¾Elevations in GTOPO30 are regularly spaced at 30-arc seconds (approximately
1 kilometer).
¾It has been available from the EROS Data Center beginning in 1993.
GTOPO30 was developed to meet the needs of the geospatial data user
community for regional and continental scale topographic data.
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• GTOPO30
Radio Mobile will not download automatically GTOPO30 elevation data
GTOPO30 is an elevation data model with a 30-arc second resolution (aproximadamente 1km).
developed by the USGS (United States Geological Survey)
¾ http://edc.usgs.gov/products/elevation/gtopo30/gtopo30.html
¾ Click on the grid that corresponds to the area of the world in which you live and you will be taken to
the appropriate download page.
¾ The file you download will be in tar.gz format, also know as a "tarball."
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• GTOPO30
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• DTED (Digital Terrain Elevation Data)
Originally developed in the 1970s to support aircraft radar simulation and prediction.
DTED is not used as often now that higher resolution SRTM data is available.
¾ Level 0 has a post spacing of 30 arcseconds in latitude direction (ca. 900 meters)
¾ Level 1 has a post spacing of 3 arcseconds (ca. 90 meters)
¾ Level 2 has a post spacing of 1 arcseconds (ca
(ca. 30 meters)
9 Level 1 and 2 are "Not releasable outside DoD unless specifically authorized "
To download DTED data visit:
¾ http://geoengine.nga.mil/muse-cgi-bin/rast_roam.cgi
¾ Enter your latitude and longitude into the appropriate boxes and select DTED Level 0
from the "Available Product Levels:" dropdown box.
¾ Then click on the "Raster Roam" button and a map will be generated.
9 If the map that appears to the left is not what you want you can adjust:
The image size
Zoom factor
Scroll the map
Click on the image to change center
¾ Click on the button labeled "Raster Exporter“ at the very bottom of the page and the
server will create a file for you to download that contains the data you selected.
¾ Please remember to click the "Delete" button at the bottom of the page after you have
downloaded your data.
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• WGS
The World Geodetic System (WGS) is used to set the horizontal position of a unit. In the
program, Latitude ranges from 90° South to 90° North, and Longitude ranges from 180° West
to 180° east.
• UTM
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) divides earth into 60 zones of 6 degrees of longitude.
The Northing is the distance from the equator (m) while the Easting is the distance from the
central longitude of the zone (m), added with 500 000.
• MGRS
The Military Grid Reference System (MGRS) is derived from the UTM system of coordinates.
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9
• DTED
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• DTED (Aeropuerto de Quito: Latitud -0.15 y longitud -78.48333)
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Configuración de los datos descargados
• First click on the "Options" menu and then select "Elevation
Data."
• Click on the radio button next to "Extract elevation data directly
from database” +
•You have the option to point
Radio Mobile to the location
of the data you extracted
from the zipfiles and tarballs
previously.
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Configuración de los datos descargados
• Radio Mobile allows you to use up to five layers of elevation data
ranked from highest to lowest quality.
This is also where you can configure Radio Mobile to use shared elevation
data over a network.
• Select the type of elevation data you want to use for each layer
then click on the "Browse" button.
Browse to the location of the data and when you are finished click on "OK.“
For example, you may want to use GTOPO30 as your top layer and DTED
as your second layer.
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Creación de mapas
• El primer paso es extraer los datos de elevación para generar un
mapa de trabajo.
Ventana de configuración para extraer los datos: “File -> Map properties”
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Creación de mapas
• Centre (Latitude/Longitude):
Coordenadas del punto que queremos sea el centro del mapa de trabajo.
¾ Existe una base de datos (fichero cities.dat) con las coordenadas de varias ciudades del
mundo (incluida Quito y otras ciudades del ecuador).
¾ También existe la posibilidad de identificar el punto mediante un click en un mapa
mapa,
aunque no se recomienda por su escasa precisión.
• Size (km) Width/Height:
Tamaño de la porción del mapa de trabajo que se representará en pantalla, tomando
como punto central el definido anteriormente.
•
Size (pixel) Width/Height:
Tamaño del mapa en pantalla.
• Elevation data source:
Ubicación de los ficheros que almacenan los datos de elevación del modelo digital del
terreno.
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Creación de mapas
Una vez cumplimentados
los datos de captura,
pulsar el botón “Extract”
para generar una imagen
con el mapa de trabajo.
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Creación de mapas
• If you uncheck "ignore missing files" and have SRTM set as one
of your data sources, Radio Mobile will tell you which SRTM data
files are missing so you download the missing pieces.
There are some holes in the SRTM coverage so there is a chance you will
not be able to download the missing files.
If this is the case check "ignore missing files" after you have filled in as
many missing pieces as possible.
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Opciones de menú ““Edit
Edit”
”
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Edit”
”
• Probar algunas de las otras opciones
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Edit”
”
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Creación de mapas
• No hay diferencia en usar los archivos para el sector de Quito, la
resolución no cambia sino cuanta información se descargó, en
relación al área que se especifica.
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Creación de mapas
• Curvas de nivel
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Creación de mapas
• En Maplink.txt quitar la coma para usar: GoogleMap,
YahooMap, VirtualEarth, MapQuest
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Creación de mapas
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Creación de mapas
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Creación de mapas
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Creación de mapas
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Creación de mapas
• Resolución no adecuada (DTED).
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Creación de mapas ((SRTM
SRTM))
• SRTM data is by far the most popular data set that Radio Mobile can use.
The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) obtained elevation data on a near-global scale to
generate the most complete high-resolution digital topographic database of Earth.
SRTM consisted of a specially modified radar system that flew onboard the Space Shuttle
Endeavour during an 11-day mission in February of 2000.
http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/
ftp://e0srp01u.ecs.nasa.gov/srtm/
http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/
• SRTM data is available in 2 qualities:
3 arcsecond data 90 x 90 meters, Global
only
y
1 arcsecond data 30 x 30 meter,, USA only.
Comments:
¾ The 3 arcsecond data is public to the world as wel as the USA 1 arcescond data is.
¾ The 1 arcsecond data outside of the USA is not public available.
¾ This is no problem for general RF propagation calculations.
¾ More detailed information is required when you want to do RF analysis in Urban areas.
9 This is required for example by cellular network operators.
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19
SRTM))
• SRTM V2
Initially SRTM became available in release '1'
¾This first release had som flaws.
¾Th current,
¾The
t enhanced
h
d release,
l
release
l
'2' has
h improved
i
d significantly:
i ifi
tl
9 NASA has released version 2 of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital
topographic data (also known as the "finished" version).
9 Version 2 is the result of a substantial editing effort by the National Geospatial
Intelligence Agency and exhibits well-defined water bodies and coastlines and the
absence of spikes and wells (single pixel errors), although some areas of missing
data ('voids') are still present.
Disadvantage
Di d
t
off the
th obtained
bt i d radar
d images
i
is
i that
th t snowed
d mountain
t i tops
t
di t b the
disturbe
th
radar image. This causes mayor flaws in the SRTM data.
• Existe pero no soportado en RadioMobile SRTM V3
¾http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/
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SRTM))
• Si no especificamos ninguna ruta, el programa descargará automáticamente los
ficheros a través de nuestra conexión a Internet.
Para SRTM que proporciona mejor resolución que DTED y GTOPO30 (para estos
no se permite la descarga automática)
Se descarga en el directorio indicado en:
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SRTM))
• Se baja la información bajo las siguientes condiciones (SRTM)
9 archivos (25 MBytes en total, comprimidos son 10 MB)
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SRTM))
Con SRTM
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SRTM))
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SRTM))
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SRTM))
• Generally we know from the GIS world 3-types of elevation data:
Ground height
Clutter height
Composite height
¾ SRTM data is of the last type.
¾ This is a brief description of ho
how SRTM is composed and what
hat the value
al e is of SRTM
SRTM.
• Ground height/Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
¾ This image displays an example of ground height. generally flat terrain. This ground
heigth is called DEM data.
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45
SRTM))
On the ground, another layer is put: The Clutter.
This Clutter represents houses, forests, bushes, industry, you name it.
This Clutter has it's own height and characteristics for RF signals.
¾ In Radio Mobile clutters comes as 'land
land Cover
Cover' The following image shows Clutter on the DEM:
• Composite data
SRTM data is obtained from scanning the earth surface with a radar.
¾ This radar does not have a very high resolution so we cannot see houses in the data, but we can see
objects
j
larger
g than 300x300 meters.
9 The result of the scanning is represented in SRTM data.
9 As you can see SRTM data holds both ground height and clutter height.
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Creación de mapas ((GLOBE
GLOBE))
• Global Land One-kilometer Base Elevation (GLOBE)
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/topo/report/
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/topo/globeget.html (descargar datos)
GLOBE is an internationally designed, developed, and independently peerreviewed global digital elevation model (DEM), at a latitude-longitude grid
spacing of 30 arcarc-seconds (1 Km).
The ongoing project makes use of several data sources to attain high data
quality.
¾Important parts were taken from GTOPO30, but there are also additional
contributions not part of GTOPO30.
GLOBE provides data sets of two levels of quality:
¾G.O.O.D. (Globally Only Open-access Data, unrestricted use)
¾B.A.D. (Best Available Data, restricted use for some regions).
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Creación de mapas ((GLOBE
GLOBE))
• GLOBE
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/topo/gltiles.html
Resolución mas baja que SRTM
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Creación de mapas ((BIL
BIL))
• BIL
Is a format for Remote Sensing Image Data.
Multi-band image data are represented by a combination of spatial position
( i l number
(pixel
b and
d line
li number)
b ) and
d band.
b d
The data format for multi-band images is classified into the following three
types:
¾BSQ format (band sequential) image data (pixel number and line number) of
each band are separately arranged.
¾BIL format (band interleaved by line) line data are arranged in the order of
band number and repeated with respect to line number.
¾BIP format (band interleaved by pixel) A set of multi-band data with respect to
each pixel arranged spatially by pixel number and line number.
http://seamless.usgs.gov/
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Google Earth
• http://earth.google.com/
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Google Earth
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Google Earth
• Ubiquemos al Guagua Pichincha y Ruco Pichincha, tomando
coordenadas del Google Earth.
Ilaló: 78 25 9.62
00 15 47.69
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Google Earth
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Ejemplo 1
• http://www.cplus.org/rmw/afirst.html
• Lugar: St-Jean-sur-Richelieu
• Se proporciona o se puede descargar del URL indicado arriba:
dted1.zip
• Decompress them in the following directories (Do not forget to use
folder names):
"C \ \W073\N45 DT1"
"C:\...\W073\N45.DT1"
"C:\....\W074\N45.DT1"
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Ejemplo 1
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Ejemplo 1
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Ejemplo 1
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Ejemplo 1
• Open "Unit properties" in the “File" menu and click on "Enter
Latitude and Longitude". Enter “VE2DBE base” in “name”
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Ejemplo 1
•Click on “Unit 2”, enter “Mobile” in “name” and the coordinates.
•Change the icon by pressing the button “+” (como ejercicio)
•Coordenadas fuera de la imagen extraida (en elevación usar 29m)
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Ejemplo 1
• Enter Network data
Open "Networks properties" in the "Files" menu:
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Ejemplo 1
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Ejemplo 1
• System tab for base:
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Ejemplo 1
• System tab for mobile:
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Ejemplo 1
• Net membership tab for base:
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Ejemplo 1
• Net membership tab for mobile
• On OK, the program is ready for Radio Coverage!
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Ejemplo 1
• VHF Radio coverage!
In “Tools" menu, select "Radio coverage” y “single polar" and complete form as per
the following:
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Ejemplo 1
• Acepte dibujar
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Ejemplo 1
Use: Edit-> Draw rings
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Ejemplo 1
• CTRL-L para la grilla
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Ejemplo 1
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Ejemplo1 en EPN
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Ejemplo1 en EPN
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Ejemplo1 en EPN
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Ejemplo1 en EPN
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Ejemplo1 en EPN
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Ejemplo2
• Depending on how you plan on using Radio Mobile you may only
need a single network with a single system or you may need
several different networks with many different systems.
• The figures you see in the various fields are based on equipment
available from Young Design, Inc. based in Fall Church, VA. They
specialize in license-exempt wireless equipment
Young Design, Inc. ("YDI"), a world leader in extended range solutions
utilizing
tili i 802.11b
802 11b wireless
i l LAN technology.
t h l
http://www.ydi.com/
http://www.wirelessnetworksonline.com/storefronts/ydi.html
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Ejemplo 2
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Ejemplo2
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Ejemplo2
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Ejemplo2
• Antenna heights:
CPE and Bridge are set at 20 feet (6.6m)
Access Point is set to 49 feet (15m.)
• Cable loss is calculate using Times Microwave LMR-400.
• Antenna gains
12dBi omni for the Access Point
24dBi grid dish for the CPE
18dBi patch for the bridge
¾ Again, these are only examples for demonstration purposes.
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Ejemplo2
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Ejemplo2
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Ejemplo2
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Ejemplo2
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Ejemplo2
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Ejemplo2
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Ejemplo3 - Plotting a Point
Point--to
to--Point Link
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Point--to
to--Point Link
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Point--to
to--Point Link
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Point--to
to--Point Link
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Point--to
to--Point Link
• Option->Elevation
Data
Where 'Elevation
data in Memory' is
used, the Radio Link
distances are
calculated using
Cartesian geometry ground to ground - so
the errors increase
with the path length,
and antenna height
has no effect.
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Point--to
to--Point Link
• If you have a fast machine, you can use 'Extract elevation data
directly from database', but do a 'Performance test' first before
setting the Max No. of records to use. (The height data requires to be
uncompressed to use this feature).
• With 'Extract Elevation Data directly from the Database', the
calculations use spherical (Great Circle) geometry. In this case the
reported distance is between the antennas, so it will vary with
antenna height.
This mode should be used in Microwave studies.
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Point--to
to--Point Link
• Next click on File and select Unit Properties.
Turn off the CPE and Access Point units by clearing the check from the box
next to "Enabled."
g it removes a little clutter from the screen.
This is not necessaryy although
You should now see two icons labeled Bridge1 and Bridge2 overlayed on the
map.
These are the endpoints of the point-to-point link.
• To see a profile of the radio link click on Tool and select the first
option,
ti
radio
di link.
li k
Under the view menu you can select an option to swap the endpoints of the
link to see how the terrain effects the link in both directions.
If you would like to export the plot to RmPath click on edit, select export to
and then select RmPath
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Point--to
to--Point Link
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Point--to
to--Point Link
• Note that this does not take tree coverage or buildings into
consideration.
This is a view of the link over flat terrain.
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Point--to
to--Point Link
• Agregar una estación en la zona de sombra
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48
Point--to
to--Point Link
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Point--to
to--Point Link
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49
Point--to
to--Point Link
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3D
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3D
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Resumen
• A radio station is referred to as a Unit, there can be numerous Units
defined to operate within a given Network.
• Each different type of Unit used in a network has to be defined with
a separate Radio Operating System specification, this sets up the
radio parameters for that type of station
Transmit Power/receiver sensitivity/antenna gain/antenna height/cable losses.
• Thus each Unit will be allocated to an operating system specification
within the network.
Finally, all units are given a Role, which is either Command or Subordinate.
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Resumen
• UNIT
This is an actual radio station which can be placed on the map, its radio
performance specification is given by its allocated Operating
SYSTEM SYSTEM
SYSTEM.
• SYSTEM
A set of specific parameters defining the performance of a particular type of
radio station. NETWORK
• NETWORK
A specified group of stations which are required to intercommunicate.
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Versión 2 TPP

Transcripción

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Versión 1 TPP

boletin 12-7 - Ascension Church