Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico

Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico

UNIVERSIDAD INTERAMERICANA DE PUERTO RICO
DEPARTAMENTO DE INFORMÁTICA
RECINTO DE BAYAMÓN
Bosquejo Primer Examen Parcial
1. The Apple II – Not until 1975 and the introduction of
the Altair 8800 personal computer was computing made
available to individuals and very small companies.
This event has forever changed how society perceives
computers. One prominent entrepreneurial venture
during the early years of personal computers was the
Apple II computer (shown here). Two young computer
enthusiasts, Steven Jobs and Steve Wozniak (then 21
and 26 years of age, respectively), collaborated to
create and build their Apple II computer on a
makeshift production line in Jobs’ garage.
2. Bill Gates Microsoft 1975 – In 1968, seventh grader
Bill Gates and ninth grader Paul Allen were teaching
the computer to play monopoly and commanding it to
play millions of games to discover gaming strategies.
Seven years later, in 1975, they were to set a course
which would revolutionize the computer industry. While
Harvard, Gates and Allen developed a BASIC programming
language for the first commercially available
microcomputer, the MITS Altair. After successful
completion of the project, the two formed Microsoft
Corporation, now the largest and most influential
software company in the world. Microsoft was given an
enormous boost when its operating system software, MSDOS, was select for use by IBM PC.
3. Computers- Dispositivo electrónico que acepta datos
los procesa y se obtiene información
4. Hardware – Equipo Físico de la computadoras
5. Software – de sistema, o comerciales
6. Microcomputers – Personal Computers, Laptops
20.
Minicomputers – AS/400
21.
Mainframe - macrocomputadoras
22.
Supercomputers – computadoras más ponderosas que
existen en el Mercado y más costosas. Las utilizan
NASA y otras organizaciones grades que procesan muchos
datos
23.
Mobile Device – smart phone
24.
Data – el hecho material de la información
25.
Information – datos procesados
26.
Input Device (Dispositivos de Entrada)
27.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
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28.
Arimethmetic-logic Unit
29.
Control Unit – controla el trafico de datos
dentro del CPU
30.
Register- A processor contains small high-speed
storage
locations, called register, that temporarily
hold data and instructions. Register are part of the
processor, not part of
memory or a permanent storage
device.
31.
Output Device (Dispositivos de Salida)
32.
Byte- 8 bits
33.
Bit- 0,1
34.
Kilobyte – KB o K – 1 thousand bytes 1024 bytes
35.
Megabyte – MB o M – 1 Million bytes
36.
Gigabyte – GB o G – 1 billion bytes
37.
Terabyte – TB o T – 1 trillion bytes
38.
PetaByte - one quadrillion1 PB =
1,000,000,000,000,000 B = 10005 B = 1015
39.
Exabyte - one quintillion bytes 1 EB =
1,000,000,000,000,000,000 B = 1018
40.
Zetabyte – ZB one sextillion
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes = 10007 = 1021
41.
YottaByte – one septillion
1000000000000000000000000bytes = 10008 or 1024 bytes
42.
Secondary Storage - Memoria secundaria como los
flash drive o discos externos.
43.
Local Area Network (LAN)
44.
Internet
45.
Network
46.
Operating System – Controla todas las funciones
de las computadora.
47.
RAM- Memoria de escritura y lectura
48.
SRAM – is much faster
DRAM – is used for most personal computer memory
because of
its size and cost advantages.
49.
ROM – Memoria de lectura solamente
50.
ASCII – American Standard Code for Information
Interchange
51.
EBCDIC – Extended Binary Coded Decimal
Interchange Code
52.
Unicode – is a 16-bit code originally designed to
support
International languages like Chinese and
Japanese. Unicode can
represent more than 65,000
unique character symbole, enabling
it to
represent the alphabets of all modern languages and
all historic languages and notational systems.
53.
Motherboard – donde se conectan todos los
dispositivos.
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54.
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
55.
DVD-Rom
56.
Backup Systems
57.
Computer Programmer – diseña los programas
58.
Modem – Convierte una señal de analoga a digital
y de digital a analoga.
59.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol. La familia de protocolos de Internet es un
conjunto de protocolos de red en los que se
basa Internet y que permiten la transmisión de datos
entre computadoras. En ocasiones se le
denomina conjunto de protocolos TCP/IP, en referencia
a los dos protocolos más importantes que la
componen: Protocolo de Control de Transmisión (TCP)
y Protocolo de Internet (IP), que fueron dos de los
primeros en definirse, y que son los más utilizados de
la familia. Existen tantos protocolos en este conjunto
que llegan a ser más de 100 diferentes, entre ellos se
encuentra el popular HTTP (HyperText Transfer
Protocol), que es el que se utiliza para acceder a
las páginas web, además de otros como el ARP(Address
Resolution Protocol) para la resolución de
direcciones, el FTP (File Transfer Protocol) para
transferencia de archivos, y el SMTP (Simple Mail
Transfer Protocol) y el POP(Post Office Protocol)
para correo electrónico, TELNET para acceder a equipos
remotos, entre otros. (wikipedia.org)
60.
Linux – sistema operativo no propietrario libre
de costo.
61.
Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8
62.
Cd 650 MB to 1 GB Once the standard optical disc.
63.
DVD 4.7 GB to 17 GB Current standard
64.
HD DVD 15 GB to 45 GB Hi def format, similar to
DVD
65.
Blu-Ray 25 GB to 50 GB Hi def format, large
capacity
66.
Computer Virus
67.
Facebook
68.
Twitter
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Comp 2110
12/09/2013
Dr. Rafael A. Nieves Rivera