History 534 Intellectual History of the Iberian World, ca. 1400–1800

History 534 Intellectual History of the Iberian World, ca. 1400–1800

History 534
Intellectual History of the Iberian World, ca. 1400–1800
Prof. Adam Beaver
Dickinson G21
OH: Wednesdays, 2–4 PM
[email protected]
Fall 2013
Thursdays, 9–11:50 AM
Dickinson 211
https://blackboard.princeton.edu/pucourse/HIS534_F2013
☞ COURSE DESCRIPTION
Historians have long portrayed early modern Iberia as an intellectual backwater despoiled by
the Inquisition and mired in pious ignorance. Modern scholars, however, have rediscovered a vast
array of Iberian contributions to the Republic of Letters, from the neo-Thomism of the School of
Salamanca to the botanical researches of colonial physicians. We will read primary and secondary
sources in order to reconstruct the intellectual world of early modern Iberians, including their
idiosyncratic goals and methods, their achievements and failures, in order to understand the
Peninsula’s role in movements from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment.
☞ ACCESS TO READINGS
All readings for the course are available in at least one of two places. Items which must be read
in hardcopy (i.e. no electronic version exists) will be appearing on reserve in the History Graduate
Study Room, on C-level of Firestone. Items which can be read electronically (i.e. almost all journal
articles, and some books) are available online through JStor, EBSCO, etc.; some may also be duplicated
in hardcopy in the Study Room.
☞ SCHEDULE OF MEETINGS AND READINGS
12 Sep.
Course Introduction: The Black Legend and the Iberian Intellect
Optional reading (not required for first meeting)
Masson de Morvilliers, Nicolas. “Espagne,” in Encyclopédie méthodique ou par ordre de matières, vol. 1:
Géographie Moderne (Paris: Pancouke, 1782), 554–568.
Raillard, Matthieu. “The Masson de Morvilliers Affair Reconsidered: Nation, Hybridism and Spain's
Eighteenth-Century Cultural Identity,” Dieciocho: Hispanic Enlightenment 32 (2009): 31–48.
Ortega y Gasset, José. Invertebrate Spain, trans. Mildred Adams (New York, 1937).
19 Sep.
Political Thought, 1: The Spanish Monarchy
Primary Source(s)
Puente, Juan de la. Tomo primero de la conueniencia de las dos Monarquias Catolicas, la de la Iglesia Romana y
la del Imperio Español y defensa de la precedencia de los Reyes Catolicos de España a todos los reyes del
mundo (Madrid, 1612).
Texeira, Pedro. El atlas del rey planeta: La "descripción de España y de las costas y puertos de sus reinos" de
Pedro Texeira (1634), ed. Felipe Pereda and Fernando Marías (Madrid, 2002).
Secondary Literature
Elliott, J.H. “A Europe of Composite Monarchies,” Past & Present 137 (1992): 48–71.
Fernández Albaladejo, Pablo. Fragmentos de Monarquía: Trabajos de historia política (Madrid, 1992).
__________. Materia de España: Cultura política e identidad en la España moderna (Madrid, 2007).
Gil Pujol, Xavier. “Spain and Portugal,” in European Political Thought, 1450–1700: Religion, Law and Philosophy,
ed. Howell A. Lloyd, Glenn Burgess, and Simon Hodson (Yale, 2006), 416–457.
Mackay, Ruth. The Limits of Royal Authority: Resistance and Obedience in Seventeenth-Century Castile
(Cambridge, 2007).
Nader, Helen. Liberty in Absolutist Spain: The Habsburg Sale of Towns, 1516–1700 (Baltimore, 1993).
Maravall, José Antonio. Carlos V y el pensamiento político del Renacimiento (Madrid, 1950).
__________. Teoría del Estado en España en el siglo XVII (Madrid, 1997).
Nieto Soria, José Manuel. Orígenes de la Monarquía Hispánica (Madrid, 1999).
Ruiz, Teofilo. A King Travels: Festive Traditions in Late Medieval and Early Modern Spain (Princeton, 2012).
Skinner, Quentin. “Scholasticism and Liberty,” in The Foundations of Modern Political Thought, vol. 1: The
Renaissance (Cambridge, 1978), I.3.
Truman, R.W. Spanish Treatises on Government, Society, and Religion in the Time of Philip II: The “De Regimine
Principum” and Associated Traditions (Leiden, 1999).
26 Sep.
Political Thought, 2: The Bases of Empire
Primary Source(s)
Las Casas, Bartolomé. Obras completas, ed. Paulino Castañeda Delgado, 13 vols. (Madrid, 1988–).
Sepúlveda, Juan Ginés de.
Sepúlveda, Juan Ginés de. Obras completas, vol. 3: Demócrates segundo: Apologia en favor del libro sobre las
justas causas de la guerra contra los indios (Pozoblanco, 1997).
Vitoria, Francisco de. Political Writings, ed. Anthony Pagden and Jeremy Lawrance (Cambridge, 1991).
Secondary Literature
Abulafia, David. The Discovery of Mankind: Atlantic Encounters in the Age of Columbus (New Haven, 2008).
Fernández-Santamaria, J.A. Natural Law, Constitutionalism, Reason of State, and War, 2 vols. (Peter Lang,
2005).
Hanke, Lewis. Aristotle and the American Indians: A Study in Race Prejudice in the Modern World
(Bloomington, 2006).
Pagden, Anthony. The Fall of Natural Man: The American Indian and the Origins of Comparative Ethnology
(Cambridge, 1982)
__________. The Uncertainties of Empire: Essays in Iberian and Ibero-American Intellectual History (Aldershot,
1994).
__________. Lords of all the World: Ideologies of Empire in Spain, Britain and France c. 1500–c. 1800 (New Haven,
1995)
Lupher, David A. Romans in a New World: Classical Models in Sixteenth-Century Spanish America (Ann Arbor,
2006).
2
3 Oct.
Humanism
Primary Source(s)
Nebrija, Antonio de. Gramatica de la lengua castellana (Salamanca, 1492); Muestra de la istoria de las
antiguedades de España; Reglas de orthographia en la lengua castellana, ed. Ignacio González-Llubera
(London, 1926).
Sepúlveda, Juan Ginés de. Obras completas, vol. 5: Historia de los hechos del Cardenal Gil de Albornoz
(Pozoblanco, 2002).
Secondary Literature
Bataillon, Marcel. Erasmo y España, trans. Antonio Alatorre. 2nd ed. (México, DF, 1966).
Di Camillo, Ottavio. Medievalia & humanística: Estudios sobre literatura española. Homenaje ofrecido por sus
amigos y colegas (Madrid, 2009).
García-Arenal, Mercedes, and Fernando Rodríguez Mediano. Un oriente español: Los moriscos y el Sacromonte
en tiempos de Contrarreforma (Madrid, 2010).
García Oro, José. El Cardenal Cisneros: Vida y empresas, 2 vols. (Madrid, 1992).
Homza, Lu Ann. Religious Authority in the Spanish Renaissance (Baltimore, 2000).
Nader, Helen. The Mendoza Family in the Spanish Renaissance, 1350 to 1550 (New Brunswick, 1979).
van Liere, Katherine. “Humanism and Scholasticism in Sixteenth-Century Academe: Five Student Orations
from the University of Salamanca.” Renaissance Quarterly 53 (2000): 57–107.
10 Oct.
Historical Writing
Primary Source(s)
Cano, Melchor. De Locis Theologicis, ed. and trans. Juan Belda Plans (Madrid, 2006).
Mariana, Juan de. Obras del Padre Juan de Mariana, ed. Francisco Pí y Margall (Madrid, 1864ff).
Morales, Ambrosio de. Las antiguedades de las ciudades de España: Que van nombradas en la Coronica, con
las averiguaciones de sus sitios, y nombres antiguos … con un discurso general, donde se enseña todo lo que
a estas averiguaciones pertenece, para bien hazerlas y entender las antiguedades …. (Alcalá de Henares,
1575).
Secondary Literature
García Cárcel, Ricardo, ed. La construcción de la Historias de España (Madrid, 2004).
Kagan, Richard L. Clio and the Crown: The Politics of History in Medieval and Early Modern Spain (Baltimore,
2009).
Tate, Robert B. Ensayos sobre la historiografía peninsular del siglo XV, trans. Jesús Díaz (Madrid, 1970).
van Liere, Katherine. “The Missionary and the Moorslayer: James the Apostle in Spanish Historiography from
Isidore of Seville to Ambrosio de Morales,” Viator 37 (2006): 519–543.
17 Oct. Religious Tolerance and Intolerance
Primary Source(s)
Núñez Muley, Francisco. A Memorandum for the President of the Royal Audiencia and Chancery Court of the
City and Kingdom of Granada, ed. and trans. Vincent Barletta (Chicago, 2007).
3
Talavera, Hernando de. Católica impugnación del herético libelo maldito y descomulgado que fue divulgado en
la ciudad de Sevilla, ed. Stefania Pastore (Córdoba, 2012).
Secondary Literature
Amelang, James S. Historias paralelas: Judeoconversos y moriscos en la España moderna (Madrid, 2011).
Moreno, Doris. La invención de la Inquisición (Madrid, 2004).
Pastore, Stefania. Il vangelo e la spada. L’inquisizione di Castiglia e i suoi critici (1460–1598) (Rome, 2003).
Schwartz, Stuart B. All Can Be Saved: Religious Tolerance and Salvation in the Iberian Atlantic World (New
Haven, 2009).
24 Oct.
Travel and Ethnography
Primary Source(s)
Acosta, José de. Natural and Moral History of the Indies, ed. Jane E. Mangan and Walter D. Mignolo, trans.
Frances M. López-Morillas (Durham, 2002).
Viaje de Turquía, ed. Marie-Sol Ortola (Madrid, 2000).
Secondary Literature
Bataillon, Marcel. “Mythe et connaissance de la Turquie en Occident au milieu du XVIe siècle.” In Venezia e
l’Oriente fra tardo Medioevo e Rinascimento, ed. Agostino Pertusi (Florence, 1966), 451–470.
Bunes Ibarra, Miguel Ángel de. La imagen de los musulmanes y del norte de África en la España de los siglos
XVI y XVII. Los caracteres de una hostilidad (Madrid, 1989).
Vanoli, Alessandro. “Between Absence and Presence: New Paths in the Historiography of Islam in the New
World.” Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies 2 (2010): 77–91.
Weber, David J. Bárbaros: Spaniards and their Savages in the Age of Enlightenment (Yale, 2005).
31 Oct.
Fall Recess
7 Nov.
Aesthetics
Primary Source(s)
Hollanda, Franciso de. Dialogues with Michelangelo, ed. and trans. David Hemsoll and C.B. Holroyd (London,
2006).
Pacheco, Francisco. Arte de la pintura, ed. Bonaventura Bassegoda i Hugas (Madrid, 1990).
Secondary Literature
Marvall, José Antonio. Culture of the Baroque: Analysis of a Historical Structure, trans. Terry Cochran
(Minneapolis, 1986).
Pereda, Felipe. Las imágenes de la discordia: política y poética de la imagen sagrada en la España del 400
(Madrid, 2007).
Rubio Lapaz, Jesús. Pablo de Céspedes y su círculo: Humanismo y contrarreforma en la cultura andaluza del
Renacimiento al Barroco (Granada, 1993).
14 Nov.
Arbitrismo and Decline
Primary Source(s)
4
González de Cellorigo, Martín. Memorial de la politica necessaria y vtil restauracion de la republica de España
y estados de ella : y del desempeño vniuersal de estos reynos (Valladolid, 1600).
Secondary Literature
Dubet, Anne. “L’arbitrisme: un concept d’historien?” Cahiers du Centre de Recherches Historiques (EHESS) 24
(2000): 141–167.
__________. “El arbitrismo como práctica política: el caso de Luis Valle de la Cerda (¿1552 ?–1606).” Cuadernos
de Historia Moderna 24 (2000): 107–133.
Elliott, J.H. Spain and its World, 1500–1700: Selected Essays (New Haven, 1989).
Grafe, Regina. Distant Tyranny: Markets, Power, and Backwardness in Spain, 1650–1800 (Princeton, 2012).
Hamilton, Earl J. “The Decline of Spain,” Economic History Review 8 (1937–1938): 168–179.
Kamen, Henry. “The Decline of Spain: A Historical Myth?” Past & Present 81 (1978): 24–50.
Perdices de Blas, Luis. La economía política de la decadencia de castilla en el siglo XVII: investigaciones de los
arbitristas sobre la naturaleza y causas de la riqueza de las naciones (Madrid, 1996).
21 Nov.
Science
Primary Source(s)
Dioscorides. Historia de las yeruas, y plantas facada de Dioscoride Anazarbeo y otros infignes Autores, con los
nombres Griegos, Latinos, y Españoles, trans. Juan de Jarava (Murcia, 2009).
Secondary Literature
Barrera-Osorio, Antonio. Experiencing Nature: The Spanish American Empire and the Early Scientific
Revolution (Austin, 2006).
Bleichmar, Daniela. Visible Empire: Botanical Expeditions & Visual Culture in the Hispanic Enlightenment
(Chicago, 2012).
__________ et al., eds. Science in the Spanish and Portuguese Empires, 1500-1800 (Stanford, 2009).
López Piñero, José María. Bibliographia medica hispanica, 1475–1950 (Valencia, 1987–), vols. 1–3.
__________. Ciencia y técnica en la sociedad española de los siglos XVI y XVII (Barcelona, 1979).
Navarro Brotons, Victor and William Eamon, eds. Mas allá de la Leyenda Negra España y la revolución
científica = Beyond the Black Legend: Spain and the Scientific Revolution (Valencia: 2007).
__________ and Enrique Rodríguez Galdeano, eds. Matemáticas, cosmología y humanismo en la España del
siglo XVI: Los "Comentarios al segundo libro de la Historia Natural de Plinio" de Jerónimo Muñoz (Valencia,
1998).
Pimentel, Juan. El Rinoceronte y el Megaterio: Un ensayo de morfología histórica (Madrid, 2010).
Portuondo, María M. Secret Science: Spanish Cosmography and the New World (Chicago, 2009).
Safier, Neil. Measuring the New World: Enlightenment Science and South America (Chicago, 2008).
Schiebinger, Londa L. Plants and Empire: Colonial Bioprospecting in the Atlantic World (Cambridge, MA,
2004).
De Vos, Paula. “The Science of Spices: Empiricism and Economic Botany in the Early Spanish Empire.”
Journal of World History 17 (2006): 399–427.
28 Nov.
Thanksgiving Recess
5 Dec.
Economic Rejuvenation
5
Primary Source(s)
Capmany y de Montpalau, Antoni de. Memorias históricas sobre la marina, comercio y artes de la antigua
ciudad de Barcelona, 4 vols. (Barcelona, 2001).
Secondary Literature
Pérez Sarrión, Guillermo, ed. Más estado y más mercado: absolutismo y economía en la España del siglo XVIII
(Madrid, 2011).
Ringrose, David.
Storrs, Christopher. The Resilience of the Spanish Monarchy 1665–1700 (Oxford, 2006).
12 Dec.
Enlightened Statecraft; Course Conclusion
Primary Source(s)
Jovellanos, Gaspar Melchor de. “Informe de la Sociedad Económica de Madrid al Real y Supremo Consejo de
Castilla en el Expediente de Ley Agraria,” in Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos: escritos económicos, ed. Vicent
Llombart (Madrid, 2000).
Rodríguez de Campomanes, Pedro. Apéndice a la educación popular: que contiene las reflexîones, conducentes
á entender el origen de la decadencia de los oficios y artes en España, durante el siglo pasado; según lo
demostraron los escritores coetáneos, que se reimprimen en este apéndice, ó cuyos pasages se dan á la letra,
parte primera (Madrid: Imprenta de D. Antonio de Sancha, 1775).
Secondary Literature
Adelman, Jeremy. Sovereignty and Revolution in the Iberian Atlantic (Princeton, 2006).
Herr, Richard. The Eighteenth Century Revolution in Spain (Princeton, 1958).
Paquette, Gabriel. Enlightenment, Governance, and Reform in Spain and its Empire 1759–1808 (Basingstoke,
2008).
☞ EXPECTATIONS
☞ Each week, students should complete the shared primary and secondary source readings
identified on the syllabus, with an eye to our discussions. Informed and enthusiastic class
participation will comprise 30% of the final seminar grade.
☞ Each week, one or two student volunteers will be responsible for presenting the discussion.
These students each will (1) write a 5-6 pp. review of the main secondary reading for the week;
(2) circulate their reviews to their peers via email or the course website no later than 5pm on
the evening before class; and (3) prepare to lead ca. 20 minutes of discussion on the key issues
which they see in the weekly readings. Each student should be prepared to present twice
during the semester, with each presentation comprising 20% of the final grade.
☞ On or before Dean’s Date (Tuesday 14 January 2014) each student should submit a ca. 25–35
pp. research paper exploring in depth a topic of his/her choosing related to the intellectual
history of the early modern Iberian world. Students may opt to pursue one of the weekly
themes or texts further, or choose a new topic or text in conversation with the professor.
Students will be asked to submit a variety of small preparatory assignments—a paragraph
prospectus, a bibliography, etc.—throughout the semester in order to receive timely feedback
6
on the development of their projects. This final essay will comprise the remaining 30% of the
course grade.
7