El imperativo

Las Formas de Ud., Uds., Nosotros-as
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Commands are used to tell someone what to
do – affirmative
Commands are used to tell someone what not
to do – negative
*With these other subjects, there is no
difference in the conjugation between
affirmative and negative…*except IR.
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These rules apply to Ud., Uds., and Nosotros:
◦ Start with the Yo form, present indicative
◦ Drop the Yo ending (o, oy)
◦ Reverse the endings
 Ar verbs will use –es as the new ending to the stem
 Er/Ir verbs will use –as as the new ending to the stem
 Hablar  Hablo  Habl  hable, hablen, hablemos
 Comer  Como  Com  coma, coman, comamos
 Decir  Digo  Dig  diga, digan, digamos
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Affirmative Ir  Vamos
Negative Ir  No vayamos
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If the verb has a stem-change in the yo form,
you still include that stem-change in the
commands, except in Nosotros, unless….
Unless it is an –ir stem-changing verb, then
you make a one-letter stem-change in the
nosotros form.
◦ Dormir  durmamos
Pedir  pidamos
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Any spelling change will affect all
conjugations, including nosotros and the
negative tú commands.
Verbs ending in –car will change to qu
◦ Sacar  saque
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Verbs ending in –gar will change to gu
◦ Llegar  llegue
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Verbs ending in –zar will change to c
◦ Organizar  organice
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Estar
◦ esté, estén, estemos
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Ir
◦ vaya, vayan, vamos, no vayamos
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Ser
◦ sea, sean, seamos
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Dar
◦ dé, den, demos