Regular (verbos regulares) Spelling changes (cambios de ortografía)

Regular (verbos regulares) Spelling changes (cambios de ortografía)

Nombre: _______________________________________________________
Notas – el pretérito (formación)
Fecha: _______________
Hora: _____
Regular (verbos regulares)
To form these verbs, remove the –ar, –er, or –ir infinitive ending and add the new preterit ending.
Remember: there are no –ar or –er stem-changers in the preterit.
-ar
-er/-ir
-é
-amos
-í
-imos
-aste
-asteis
-iste
-isteis
-ó
-aron
-ió
-ieron
hablar – to speak
comer – to eat
acostarse – to go to bed
escribir – to write
Spelling changes (cambios de ortografía)
These verbs are only irregular in the yo form. These spelling changes occur to preserve the sound of the
verb stem. For verbs that end in -car, you will change the c to qu. For verbs that end in -gar, you will
change the g to gu. For verbs that end in -zar, you will change the z to c.
practicar – to practice
explicar – to explain
practiqué
practicamos
practicaste
practicasteis
practicó
practicamos
jugar – to play (sport/game)
jugué
jugamos
jugaste
jugasteis
jugó
jugaron
pagar – to pay, to pay for
almorzar – to eat lunch
cruzar – to cross
almorcé
almorzamos
almorzaste
almorzasteis
almorzó
almorzaron
More spelling changes
These verbs have spelling changes in the third-person singular and plural. They use the regular –er/–ir
endings, but with accents on all forms except the third-person plural.
desoír – to ignore
oír – to hear
desoí
desoímos
desoíste
desoísteis
desoyó
desoyeron
caer(se) – to fall
leer – to read
caí
caímos
caíste
caísteis
cayó
cayeron
These verbs follow a similar pattern, but only have accents on the singular first- and third-person.
construir – to construct/build
construí
construimos
construiste
construisteis
construyó
construyeron
destruir – to destroy
Stem-changes (verbos de cambio radical)
In the preterit, only –ir verbs will stem-change. The changes are as follows: e changes to i and o changes
to u, only in the third-person singular and plural forms. You will use the regular –ir endings.
divertirse – to have fun
preferir – to prefer
me divertí
nos divertimos
te divertiste
os divertisteis
se divirtió
se divirtieron
pedir – to ask for
repetir – to repeat
pedí
pedimos
pediste
pedisteis
pidió
pidieron
morir – to die
dormir – to sleep
morí
morimos
moriste
moristeis
murió
murieron
The verbs reír and sonreír are stem-changing and have spelling changes (accents).
reír – to laugh
sonreír – to smile
reí
reímos
reíste
reísteis
rió
rieron
Irregulars (verbos irregulares)
Dar and ver are irregular, but their formation is very simple. Apply the regular –er/–ir endings without
any accent marks.
dar – to give
ver – to see
Ir and ser have the same conjugations in the preterit.
ir – to go
ser – to be
fui
fuimos
fuiste
fuisteis
fue
fueron
Some verbs have new stems for all forms in the preterit. Use the following endings for these verbs:
-e
-imos
-iste
-o
-isteis
-ieron
These verbs have uv in the stem:
These verbs have u in the stem:
estar – to be (estuv-)
poder – to be able (pud-)
tener – to have (tuv-)
poner – to put (pus-)
andar – to walk (anduv-)
saber – to know/find out (sup-)
These verbs have i in the stem. There is a
spelling change in a formation of hacer.
These verbs have j in the stem. The third-person
plural ending changes to –eron.
hacer – to do/make (hic-)
decir – to say/tell (dij-)
hizo
querer – to want (quis-)
traer – to bring (traj-)
venir – to come (vin-)
conducir – to drive (conduj-)