sumalwi nining kawi uni didahwi tinglau sahni yulni

Transcripción

SUMALWI NINING KAWI UNI DIDAHWI
TINGLAU SAHNI YULNI NININGKAWI.
CETA-INATEC, SIUNA
LAIHWI YAMNIN BALNA AS RAWAS
YAKNA PAN MAK BALNA YULNI.
Pisba wainiku 2010
natec
INSTITUTO NACIONAL TECNOLOGICO
CETA - SIUNA
SUMALWI NINING KAWI UNI DIDAHWI TINGLAU SAHNI YULNI NININGKAWI.
CET-INATEC, SIUNA
LAIHWI YAMNIN BALNA AS RAWAS
YAKNA PAN MAK BALNA YULNI.
Pisba wainiku 2010
YULNI TUNAN BALNA SAHYAKNA
LAIHWI YAMNIN BALNA AS RAWAS / YAKNA PAN MAK BALNA YULNI.
Nining kawi yamnin tani balna kidi.
Pan mak balna dahnin kadi pani kidi ridi yamnin
ki kaput sauni kidi walyaknin.
Sauni walyakna kidi
Sauni kidi ridi munnin
Bauwi dawi didamas yakmun nin sauni kaupak.
Sau wirlawi mabuswa
Pan subangwi dungwi dawi lain kau duwi kiunin.
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Amput yamnin balna kidi dahnin yakat.
Pani kurwarang yak dawi pan subangwi dungwi kiunin.
Dahnin mâni balna.
Baisa yaksihni yamwi kiunin kat Didahnin yak.
Pan mak balna kidi dahwi dawi tanit yak duwi
kiunin kidi kaput bik
Ampat nuhni kasnin yakat bik.
Pan mak balna kidi dahnin mani balna kat kala atnin ki.
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Saring
Mankru
Panmak sapahni
Ulmak
Masah.
Wakisa
Kuku.
Brikput minik.
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Supaminik.
Dahwak kilwa kurihni balna
Amput dahnin kidi.
Panuhni dawi tuhnini kidi dahnin yak
Saring dahnin.
Pang mak sapahni dahnin.
Ulmak dahnin
Masah dahnin
Putdin lalahni dahnin
Kadahkadah dahnin
Wakisa dahnin
Kuku dahnin
Brikput dahnin
Supa dahnin.
Dahnin mani balna.
Angkaupak yakwih dahwih Masah.
Wakisa sulani walwi yakna
Kuku minik walyakna
Supa minik wal yakna.
Panan nuhni kidi walyaknin:
Tapani walyaknin:
Klin yamnin dawi sika wasni kau suhyakna dahnin dina balna
kidi.
Waki sulani walyakna dahnin yulni dawi tanit daknin
yamahni laihnin awas yulni.
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Laihwi talnin yamni uhuswa adik panan mak balna kidi kat
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sulani yaknin yulni
Pani Kau Lawi dahnin panmak satni balna bitik kau
Yamak pasyak yamnin balna.
Was utuhnin.
Sau yak parasni kalanin.
Di damas baunin.
Saring yak sau kurwi muknin.
Dakwi yakna satni balna
Minik yakwi dawi dahwi panmak balna
Amput lalahwa balna kidika panmak minik
Pan Minik yakwi sapahni balna
Brikput minik yakwi
Brikput minik dis kalahwi
Supa minik pauna daknin
Kuku minik barakna
Kuku minik laihwi dawi pa uk kau lawi minik.
Bakangnin panmak balna
Bibliografía
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Nining kawi yamnin tani balna kidi.
Rawasyakna wauhnitaya as yakat yamwi dana sak ki 60 ma kirina
yakat adik “Pan mak yulni” tunanba kidi sumalna kaubik dawi laihwi
yamnin kau duwarangki. Baisa laih adik pisni sak yakna balna yakat
yamna sak ki Muih 6 kau di sumalna karangki adik sauni sah yakna
Bas kau.Adik lani dinit munah GTI dawi nining lauwi kiwi yamnin balna
yak GIZ, kaput bik prukam ni munah MASRENACE kidi yulni awak Sumalna nining kiwa munah didahnin yakat Siuna (CETA-INATEC) kaput
laih nining launa sak ki sumalwa muihni as sumalwi dawi minit talwi
adik yamak yamna balna yakat u 20 kaput adik sau sahyakna yakat.
• Adik sumalnin wauhni taya kidi yamni laihwi talna sak ki yayamna ki
kat kaput laih parasni dawa atnin yulni:
• Kaput bik sipki watwi dahwi kiunin pan mak balna kidi yakat.
• Pan mak balna kidi dahwi main talwi kiunin (kuku, briput, supa, saring, manku, aransa, ulmak, masah, alwana, akauni, putding, kadakada, wakisa satni bik)
Kaput bik minik balna kidi yakwi dawi tanit yak apakwi kiuna atnin yulni
pang mak dahna dahna balna kidi.
Adik wauhnitaya kaupak sumalna sinsni lani bang munah mu ih balna
kakawarang yak amang lalawarangki yamni balna kidi baisa sinsni lani
tuhni karak kaput laih yasin palni ting ta kidi yamwi apakwi kiuna karang.
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Pan mak balna dahnin kadi
pani kidi ridi yamnin ki
kaput sauni kidi walyaknin.
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Sauni walyakna kidi
Talnin karang ki pan mak yakau ais karak kaladakat yamni baran warang
kidi, kaput bik sauni yamni walyakna kat adik balna duwa atnin ki malihni
u asang, sauni kidi ampatyah,di damas satni,suihnini,pan dahdarang
kidi witin dunin balna kidi kaput laih yasihni palni barakwarangki panmag
dahna kidi.
Sau dihuni u asang nuhni kasakni kat 20% yakat laih tingta as yamni ki
sau kidi tanit daknin ki irwi kiunin awas yulni.
Sauni kidi ridi munnin
Sauni kidi ridi munnin kidi waiku as tanit kau yamnin ki dahnin kat kidi
bang adik balna yamnin ki: di damas baunin, pan subanwi dungwi
dahnin balna yakat, dawi pani kurni kurnin.
Bauwi dawi didamas yakmun nin sauni kaupak.
Adik tingta yamnin balna kidi laih pan ting balna, pan sar, kipala dibik
kau yakmuknin kat dahnin mani kat mai laihwatnin awas yulni. Yamak
baunin kidi kulna nuhni palni ki kaput laih panmak dahda balna kidi
yamni baraknin yulni.
Sau wirlawi mabuswa
Adik laih dahnin sauni kidi sahnin u ruputwi tunghni 40-90 paslaihni
(cm) sau dinit kau kidi wirlamukwak ma daihni buswi. Sahna pani kidi
laih sauni kidi uba dadasni, kidi awas bik uba labasni pani yakat manah
uba kurih mahni didahna kat bik kaput ki,kaput awas karangkat dadasni
ki was dinin sauni kidi, kaputbik wingh bik dunin ki sau dinit yak, baisa
kidi panmak dana kidi rikni balna kidi yamni barakwas karangki.
Pan subangwi dungwi dawi lain kau duwi kiunin.
Adik yamda kidi mampat mani kat dahnin pani kidi asang karangkat
dawi bik naihlaihni apat karangkidi dahnin balna yak, kaput bik isning
katdi dahnin pani kidi asang karangkat kurhwi ta kilitna kau yamwi
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kiunin awaiwi amput pan subangwi dungwi kiuna munah. Usnit dawak
ankut lain isna munah watdi pan subangwi dungwi kiunin kat pan mak
binikidi dahnin yulni.
Amput yamnin balna kidi dahnin yakat.
Amput dahnin kidi panmak balna kidi baran dahdas kau dahnin mani
yak bin kidi ka laih minik balna kid i plastik bikni bing kau sau puwi dawi
dasakwak mâ 30 dawi 45 minik pitwa kat yakaupak laih dadak mà 60
dawi 90 baraknin yulni kidi usnit dawak mahka tapan uk kau pak yakwi
birnin yulni.
• Adik kulnin lani laih panmak kidi uba yaksihni kat tanit yak bang
duwi kiunin adik yamnin ki.
• Kaput bik adik panan balna kidi baisa mahni yamwi kiunin.
• Adik sat panan mak balna kidi minik kau yaknin sipa was balna kidi.
• Baisa bik panmak balna kidi sirihni minikwak bakan ninin yulni.
• Adik baisa sans mayawi panmak balna kidi mahni yaknin dawi
yaksisihni yaknin.
• Kaput bik laih mahni yamwi kiunin yulni, kat adik panan balna dahdak
yamni uhuswas kat kaput bik rikni satni balna kasuk barskwas.
• Nuhni kidi bang panan nuhni kidi yamahni dis atnin ki paras ni nuhni.
• Adik baisa isi makai lahwi yaksihni maintalwi duwi kiunin yakat:
Tingni dudutni kidi dak yaknin dawi minik dulaunin yakat.
Panmak dibing kau tapan bin yakwi birwa kaupak dadak bang atnin mâ
aput karak ki 90 u 110 kaput kau.
Pani kurwarang yak dawi pan subangwi dungwi kiunin.
Dibitik yamni papatwi dana kaupak dahnin pani kidi panmak balna,
yakaupak pani kidi likna sak karang, lain wahni kau iswi duwi dawi pan
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subanwi bik dungwi kidi laih ankat dahnin kidi nining kawi.Pan mak
balna kidi uba ulisni dahna kat baisa wark ki dinint lanin yakat, kaunah
baisa kasuh dahna karang kat isi karang ki dawi bik minikbik yamni
yakna karangki.
Pani kurhnin yakat sauni kidi sani yaharni sani yamni kat tuhni kidi laih
0.40 x 0.40 x 040 m kaput bik sauni kidi pauni kat laih baisa tuhni kurnin
ki 0.60 x 0.60 x 0.60 m.
Dahnin mâni balna.
Pan mak balna kidi dhnin mani balna kidi laih piba wainiku dawi was
waini ku dahwi ridi atnin ki wasma kawa kat. Usnit kau dahma kat
yamadangni as laih waiku pini dahdarang kat, ban taldarang kat wakisa
sulani dawi tunan balna kapat kidi uba was lauwak yakat dahda rang
kat daukalwarang ki was uba yulni.
Baisa yaksihni yamwi kiunin kat Didahnin yak.
Aput dahnin kidi, minikwak dulaunin, walyaknin, apaknin, dawi truklanin
kaput, dimak balna kidi yududtni balna kidi yaksihni apatwi nin kuput
laih maisihni kalwas karang ki muihni minit yak dawi bik puisin wasni
bik bahawas karangki.
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Pan mak balna kidi dahwi
dawi tanit yak duwi kiunin
kidi kaput bik
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Ampat nuhni kasnin yakat bik.
Nikarakua sauni adik pisni duwi mâ ni bal na kidi yaksihni uhuswi panmak balna
kidi. Pâ mahni kauh kidi panmak manah dadahwi witingna yusmunnin yulni dawi
bakangnin yuni bik. Dawak bik muih mahni kau bik wark duduwi kaput laih dala bik
yayakwi adik warkni munah. Kaput bik maniking lauwi makasnik yak bik baisa laih
mamuihki nuhni yakat; parasni mayawi, salani kapatbik, ma aki yak bik, ma muihki
nuhni yak bik, mainuhwi, dawi vitamina parasni duwi.
Panmak balna kidi satni bitik kau yusmundi kat sika kapat bik, panmak buhas kidi
mabakalanin bik dudi, makulnik sinika bik, ma ising kalawa sinika bik, kaput bik ma
bakinuh yak dawi mabaki bikis yak bik yamni yamwi.
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Supa
Kuku
Brikput
Ulmak
Kadakada
Wakisa.
Aransa
A n a c a r d i a - Ancardium
ceae
Rutáceas
Citrus,
Fortunilla,
Poncirus,
Casimiroa
Caricaceae
Carica
P a s s i f l o r a - Passiflora.
ceae
Musacea
Musa,
Ravenala,
Strelitzia,
Heliconia,
Phenakospernum
Palmaceae
Cocus
Moráceas
Pseudojaca
(Moraceae)
Artocarpus
palmácea
Bactris
Mankru
Yal-âl
Persea
Asla
Laurácea
Dahna
Saring
gasipaes
nucifera L
Balbisiana
Acuminata
Papaya
quadrangularis
Satni aslah
Americana,
Drymifolia,
Gratísima
occidentale
Sula
Satni balna.
M e x i c a n a , Benik
Guatemala,
Antillana
Pan mak balna kidi dahnin mani balna kat kala atnin ki.
Saring
Dahnin Mâni: Pangmak saring kidi nuhni talna
kalaih mâni satni bitik kau yasihni palni barakwi
adik kuma kaupak malaihni aput kaupak 2500
m.s.n.m. kaput bik ram palni malaihni aput
duwa kat 800-2500 m.s.n.m. aput dahna
karang kat yamahni satni kalahwak bik laiwas
karangki baisa kidi rikni yak. Dawak bik kurih
as pasyak was launin ki 1200 mm.
Sau: Sauni kidi yaharni dawi
bik tuhni atnin ki kaput laih
was bik lauwak yamni bayak
kiwarangki:
Sau
pauni
kaumak karak atnin ki, sau
sani kauhmak karak.
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Mankru
Sauni sahyakna pis as kau kurih kawas was bayakwa (kus sauni akat)
daihni kidi duwi 25 ºC dawi 40 ºC kurih pas yak was lauwa atnin ki 3000
a 4000 mm.
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Panmak sapahni
Panmak sapahni balna kidi pararasni kidi pa has has kau sahni parasni
bik dadauwas ki (5 ºC kidi laih aransa dawi limus) sau kaput mà daihbik
kapat dadauwas ki kapat laih was kalanin kidi laih 1000 dawi 3000 mm
kurih as pasyak. Baisa uk balna kidi laih was uba mahni kalanin awaski
Aransa sapahni dawi Limus balna kidi nining uhuswa balna kidi. Aransa
damni dawi Limus damni balna kalaih was aput warang kat 1500 dawi
2000 mm kat bik yamni barakwarang ki.
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Ulmak
Ulmak kidi sauni atnin kat parasni yamni duwa
atnin ki mani balna bik yamni atnin ki. Watwi
bik mani kidi uba sahni laih naiku barakwi
kaput bik minik bik dudutni manah kalahwi.
Adik panan mak dahnin kidi sauni kidi malaihni
dawa atnin ki 1000 kuma kungni kaupak dawi
bik mani sanhni duwa atnin kalaih 25ºC a 32ºC
kaput laih kurih ul yakat minik kidi yayamni
manah yakwi baykwarangki.
Was kidi kasuk yamni lauwas karangkat
dakwi lauwa kat kaput laih sulungkau utuhnin
karangki di sar balna yakat; baisa laih ulmak
kidi sip awas ki was diskat kidi bang tadisnin
awaski pani yamni walwi kalanin ki. Kaput
bang adik yanimak yakat was lauwa atnin ki
1800 dawi 2000 mm kurih as pas yak.
Sauni kidi yuduhni dawi bik yaharni atnin ki
sauni kidi sauni yaksihni parasni nuhni duwa
atnin ki kaput laih was bik yamni diwarangki
kaput laih ulmak kidi mahni bik minik yakdarang
ki, kaunah was kidi yamni diwas kat mahwa wi
sat takat ulmak rikni kidi karatwi daukalwi.
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Masah.
Masah kidi yamni barakwa kidi laih mâ daihni duwa
atnit ki 25-32 ºC. baisa yamni kalaih es 29-30 ºC.
Adi panan mak baisa laih was uba laih was amhni
di was ki, kat basni kau pak was mahwa kaupak
witin sanhni duwi. Kaput bik was kalanin kat 1000
y 1500 mm, yani mak yakat papatni utihnin ki kurih
ulyakat. Minik kidi baisa mahni yakwi kidi laih was
lauwa pani balna yakat dawak bik truk lanin yak
bik dadasni ki.
Minik balna kidi baisa yakksihni kalawa kidi laih
mâ ddaihni yaklauwi untak yakat lalahni baisa
yamni lalahwi dawi yayamni ki. Kaput bik uba
daihni bik minik balna yakat kal daukalwi buswi
mâ yakaluwi. Kidi kal nin awas kat waki basni kau
muknin ki masah minik yakat.
Masah dahnin kat baisa nuhni kalaih
sauni kidi kasuh wal yaknin ki sau sani
yudutni dawi sau sani kauhmak karak
bahana, kat was lauwa kat yamni
bayaknin yulni. Kaput bik dadahnin
pani kidi asang karang kat sahwi kilitna
yamnin ki kat was lauwak parasni
kirinin awas yulni kidi awas laih sau
parasni kidi suhyakpamwarangki.
Kaput bik sauni kidi parasni duwa atnin
ki SP Sau parasni (PH) sau
kidi sat bangki 4.5 a.6.5
kaunah baisa yamni kalaih
5.5 kidi palni ki uk laih
masah rikni kidi sip rikni
barakwas ki sau pauni kat.
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Wakisa
Mà daihni: Wakisa kidika dahnin kat mâ daihni aput duwa atnin ki 20º
C dawi 30º C. Pâ has has kau baisa uba daihni awas kalaih dauh kauh
bainah barakwaski adik kaupak 20 ºC. dinit yakauh dawak kaput laih
minik nin yak bik bainah awaski kaput bik sulani mahwas ki.
Was: Wakisa panan kidi witin kidi satni as ki baisa kidi diwi was kidi
mahni palni wantki kaput laih sirihni bik barakwi tadi munwi talna sak
kidi waiku as pas yak 150-180 mm kaput praisni was launin ki yakat laih
witin ais want diwi. Mà sauki sahyakna akat laih kurih mani balna kidi
was utuhni karangki adik yamak yakat.
Mâ daihni: Panmak balna kidi dawi minik balna kidi yaksihni atnin kat,
ma daihni kidi parasni busnin ki kat muih mahni tadi munyang balna kidi
lakwi tatalna kat panmak balna kidi ma daihni yamni buswas kat bainah
lalahwas ki u pihwaski kaput laih mamahni baisa diswarang ki. Wat
uk yakat taldarangkat waki balna kapat kidi sanni dinit yak bararakwi
kaput bang baihna barakwas ki dawak pang uk balna kidi ma daihni
dinit kat bararakwi.
Wing: Ban nining yamna yak taldarangkat pan balna kidi (basni nunuhni,
dawi rikni minit yak balna kidi yak) wing kidi kasak amangni lanin ki adik
saitni kaupak kaiwa kidi kat panmak balna kidi dahni karangkat. Kaput
bang sip awas karangki panmak balna kidi wing kaiwa tani yak dahnin
dawi bik wingni kidi parasni kidi adik kaupak minit yak atnin sip awaski
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20 km/h kat wing parasni kat panmak dahna kidi daukalmuk warangki
basin kaupak dawi bik sau yak manah lakmukwi.
Sau yamni parasni: Adik sauni balna kidi sau yaharni sani tuhni atnin ki
adik minit yak atnin awaski 1.2 m. adik sauni kidi pan yukurla, dibasta
daukalna kaupak sauni balna, suihni yamni duwa atnin ki, kaput
waslauwak bik yami kira atnin was mahwak dutni kalnin awas dawi bik
adik sauni atnin ki sau sani kauhmak vahan, sau pau raharni. Kaput
sau as kurdak dinit yak kipala duwa kidi was bik bayakwas kat. Sau
parasni duwa atni laih 5.5 dawi 7.0 SP (PH).
Waki kidika sip barakwas ki adik sat sau dutni balna yakat. Was lauwak
mahna duwa balna kidi ram nit palniki tani kurdak wasni kidi kirinin.
Kaput bik sau kidi uba kauhmak duwa kat yamni awaski waki dahnin
kat parasni dauhbin duwi kaput bik sauni kidi was sip laihwatwas ki,
sau pauni bik dutni ki, sau dadasni bik dutni kalwi kat waki kidi rikni
yamni laihnin.
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Kuku.
Mâni balna: Kuku dahnin kat laihwi talnin ki lain bu rauki kapapat as kidi
laih makilwa kau 10°C. dawi mâ kawa yak kalaih sau sahyakna nuhni
kidi laih daihni kalduwa yak.
Was lauwa: Sauni sahyakna balna yakat dahnin sipki kurih as payak
was aput lauwak kat 1500 dawi 2000 mm, kaput bik was lauwa kidi
sauni ul yakat papatni lauwa kat waiku bitik yak. Kaput bik adik kaupak
dinit yakau was lauwa kat waiku as pasyak aput lauwa kidi 130 mm
satni bitik kau kal daukalwi minik yakat kaput rikni balna bik buhlawi kidi
bahan was utuhnin karangki.
Daihni: Mâ daihni kidi nining lauwi ankat praini kat dunin kidi kuku
dahnin kat malaihni dawi panuhni duwa kidi. Kaput laih kurih as yak
madaihni duwa atnin ki 27 dawi 28 °C dawi baisa malaihni bik sak ki
30°C aput duwa bik yamki dahnin.
Mâ yaringni: Kuku basni kidika nitni palniki ma yaringni nuhni dunin
tausin bu awar praisni ma dunin kurih as pasyak, awas kat andat as
minit kau muhasluih as awar duwa atninki waiku as yakat. Kuku dahyang
as kidika baisa yamni amanglawi andika mani balna kidi dahnin daihni
o sanni. Kaput bik uba buhni kat wing munah kaldaukalwi kuku minik
kilwak baisa dibin kau bukwi minik laihwas dawi.
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Wing: Wing kidika baisa dinuhni yamwi kat kuku puluni laihwa kidika
mahni kauh lakmukwi sauyak. Kaput bik yamni barakwi kuku bas balna
wing laihwa munah, kaunah sipki wing uba parasni laihwak o awaskat
wing bauwa tayamni kat kuku ritni balna bik dutwi yakmuknin sipki.
Sauni: Kuku balna kidika baisa yamni laihwi sauni satni kau pani daihni
kau, kaumak kau dawi sau pauni kau. Kuku sauni kidika nit palniki wing
yamni duwa atning dawi buhni kalduwa tanin. Kidika bang baisa yamni
barakwi kaumak sauni yak. Kaput sipki sauni kidika uba yamni awasbik
baraknin.
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Brikput minik.
Amput barakwa kidika laihki dawi minik laihwa kidika bik maniking kawi
satni kau ma balna karak; taldi amput barakwa kidika yamni daihni ma
kalduwa karak. Daihni nuhni kalduwa kidika laih 1200 metros pikni
kulna ma laihni tani.
Was lauhwa balna nuhni yak taldarankat duwi 1500 naihni tani kurih
bani.
Dawak sau balna yak laih lakdi taldak uba yamni barakwi sau kipala
karak duwa kat dawi minit tang kat kaput bik pasluih bik. Kaunah sau
kidika uba wasmak kat lakdi taldak kuku minik baisa batani dibin kau
bukwi sauyak laihwas dawi minik.
Brik put panan kidika rikni duwi minit yakut lah dawi basni laih nunuhni;
kidika sat panan balna kidi sipki sau yudutni yak manah dahnin kulnaki
70 a 80 kaput duwa atnin ki suihni o yudutni duwa kat.
Brikput panan kidika nit palni ki baisa sanhni yamni dinit kau dahnin
tiaskau bas pikni niningkana as, kaput bik nining lauwi baisa yamni
mahni kau sau yakat parasni kalawi, ampus want yakat ritni yamni
pasluih duwi barakwi nuhni kalwa kat panan kidika.
Pa as kau was uba lauwa taimni kat 1500 mm kurih bani sipki dahnin
brik put minik Apis naikau naikau 10 metros naini pitni panan bani kau
dannin.
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Supaminik.
Supaminik kidika barakwi naihni tani 900 m. kau baisa naini kalwi barakwi kaunah
tawi kau barakwi sirihni barakwaski. Daihni laih duwi 22°c pitni, kaunah baisa sipki
daihni kalduni18°C y 35°C kat pitni was bik launin.
25
26
Brikput panan laihwa kidika laih kurih cinka kat laihwi.
Supaminik laihwa kidika dahwa kaupak kurih arungka a cinka kat laihwi, dawak minik laihwa
kidika mahni laihwi 450 a 500 pitni minik yakwi kuban 8 a 10 pitni dawi kurih kau. Kaunah supa
tunan manah yaknin karan kat sipki 8 a 18 waiku duwa kat dahna kaupak, duwa atningki supa
panan kidika naihni tani 15 cm. nuhni.
Brikput panan
Supaminik
Pas tatuna minik laihwa kidika laih bakanin kurih singka laihwak kat sarang panan kidika tilahwi
uk panan kau lawi dahwa kidika, kaput bik ampus minik laihwa kidika talninki angdika satni
kaupak panan laihwa kidika, kaput bik amput maintalwak barakwa kidika munah bik talninki.
Adika minik balna yakwa kidika laih pastunan kat sipki apis naikau kurih minik laihnin 5 - 7
kurih praisni kat, dawak makru panan kidi lawi pan uk kau dahwarang kat sipki kurih bas kat
pat minik laihna karangki. Kaput bik minik laih warangki kurih 10 a 12 kat praisni dawak mahni
minik yakwarangki pan bani kau 140 a 240 kg pitni minik kurih bani kau.
Nining masah kidika minik aima bu pitni laihwi kurih as yakat, pastatuna kidika laihwi 15-24
waiku kat, kidika kaupak sikangni laih mahka minik laihwi 15-18 waiku kat.
Adika putding lalahni kidika laihwi kasnin aitani kidi 50-60 mani kat kaupat usnit minik laihwa
kidika laih 7-8 waiku kat watwi laihwi minik dahwa kaupak.
Kadakada kidi minikwa kidi waiku tiaskau bas dawi salap dahda mani kaupak.
Wakisa kidi dahda kaupak waiku salap minit kau bu kat minikwi yul uk kau laih kurih as dawi
bik kurih as pas yak was lauwa atnin ki 2500 mm pani ul yakat papatni wasni lauwa atnin ki.
Saring
Mankru
Masah minik
Putding lalahni
Kadahkadah
Wakisa
Pan mak sapah- Adika panan minik balna laihwi kurih 5 a 6 pitni kat dahwa kaupak, mahka minik laihwi supa
ni
wainiku dawi krismis wainiku kat pitni sauni yak bik talninki.
Kuku dahwak minik laihwa balna laih kurihni 4 a 5 dawi sangka panan kurihni duwa kidika laih
40 a 50 kurih kalduwi.
Kuku
Dahwak kilwa kurihni balna
Amput dahnin kidi.
Pan mak balna kidi dahnin kat barangni dahwaski kat minik balna kidi
plastik sani kau awakat uhuswa barakni dawakat mâ yapak bang karangki 30 dawi 45 aput bang karangki, kaput bik supa minik karang
laih 90 mâ ankat minik kidi pitwi kalahwa kat yakaupak nunuhni dawak
tapan bing uk karak birwak yamlawak kat kidi laih mâ yapak sak karang
kidi 60 dawi 90 kaput laih yamni maintalwak barakwatwa kat tapan birna kidi. Panmak uk balna kidi minik kau uhuswas kidi laih kidi laih baran
dahnin ki tingni kau dakwi dahnin ki.
27
Panuhni dawi tuhnini kidi dahnin yak
Saring dahnin.
Nining dahda laih saring kidi nai laihni laih 8 x
8 mita rabutni kaput bik sauni parasni yaksihni
ki dawi kurih bu has bayakwak panan balna biri
biri basni kidi duiwi mukwi uba ulis yulni kaput
bang baisa yamni kidi laih 10 x 10 mita dahnin
ki. Dawak uk laih satni uk kaubik dahnin sipki
kalaih lain ku 12 mita dawi pirihta kidi 6mita
pan dawi karak.kaput bik panmak balna kidi
uba libitna kat bik buhas kidi dakwi yakwi kaput
laih las wawatwa kidi laih 12x12mita duwa manah yak dawi.
Kaput sarinig dahna mayang yani mak yak
dihuk bik dahnin ki sirihni minik yaknin kapat
masah, sinak, ulmak, sangka kasnin dini balna
kapat kat baisa saring kidi minikwas yakat adik
kulnin lani laih sauni pisni kidi kasuk yusmun
nin yulni.
Nailaihni
6x6
7x7
8x8
9x9
10x10
11x11
28
Yamak as kau panmak
yapak dahwa rangkidi
194
143
109
86
70
57
Pang mak sapahni dahnin.
Adik panan mak balna kidi dahni ki tapan birna kat uhusna manah kaput
laih kurih 11/2 as minit kau kat yamahni satni balna bik laihwas karangki kat panan saran kidi parasni nuhni 50 cm. malaihni kaput duwa atnin
ki, panan kidi yaksihni atnin ki kaput laih panan bin kidi bik 3 a 5 tingni
bikisni rarahna duwa atnin ki baisa bik rikni kidi yaksihni barakna sak
atnin ki. Dawak bik adik panmak pikisni uhusna kidi mayakimak yakdaskat pâ uk kaupak dauida kat wauhtaya as rawasna sak atnin ki kat
dahdak usnit dutni kalahwarang kat amang lanin yulni.
Nai laihni dahnin yak dawi labasni ampat dahnin karang ki.
Panmak sapahni.
Aransa
Limus
Limus damni
Sadik
Nailaihni/ mita²
Nuhni
8mx6m
8mx6m
8mx6m
9mx7m
Dibin
7mx5m
7mx5m
7mx5m
8mx6m
Pan yapak yamak dahnin
kidi hictaria kau.
Dibin
Nuhnini
208
286
208
286
208
286
159
208
29
Ulmak dahnin
Adika ulmak minik daknin kidika nailaihni satni buki as laih 2.5 metro
dawi 3 metro pitni rabutna. Dawak mahka ankat dahnin pani yak markmunna kat mahka kurwi kudunni yamwi pasluihni 30 pitni awaskat
40 pitni yamwi dahwi, kaput bik sau parasni duwa balna karak bahawi
dawi dahwi yuldarang kat dawail bani balna karak aras, turuh, kusih,
sakara, kaput bik sip awaski puisin dutni bakangnin pani balna kau babang kidika duwi yusmunin, kat adika panmak kidi sipki kaldaukalnin o
busnin puisin wasni dutni karak.
Dawak dahwa pani sulihni bani kau dahninki panan binina kidi bu, bu
pitni dawi walwi yakninki minitni yak angdika puluni laihwa balna tamni
bu kapat laihwa yak. Kat sip awaski dawak kilnin panmak kidika almuk
kalahnin. Adika ulmak kidi sipki dahnin mampat dahnin wantkat kurih
ulyakat kaunah was utuhwakat diminik yak, kaunah minik yaknin laih
kurih tayamni kat dawak dahnin laih was lauwa kat. Dahwa kaupak
minik laihwi waiku 10 a 18 kat pitni.
30
Masah dahnin
Masah dahnin laih ritni kidika sau dinit yak awi
mukninki yamni papatninki, kaput laihtak masah panan o basni kidika sau karak bahanin
awaski kat sipki kuruh lanin barakwas danin.
Dawak masah sulani binina kidika yakwi dahnin nailaihni ulis 30 nailaihni pitni lainkau dawi
dubil bu pitni saitkau nailaihni 60 mita dawi 90
mita pitni yakwi dahninki.
31
Putdin lalahni dahnin
Pa uk balna kau laih dadahwi satni kau nailaihni adika panan minik putdin lalahni dahyang balna baisa manas kau dadahwa kidika laih: lainkau
yakwi dahwi 3 a 4 mita pitni panan bani kau duwi
nailaihni 2.5 a 4 mita pitni. Dawak nining dadahwi
panuhni 800 a 1200 panan binina hictarea as kau.
Kaput bik baisa mahni kulwi yakwi dahwa kat baisa
mahni minik yakwi ulyak kalahwi 1500 a 2000 panan kat hictarea as yakat.
Kadahkadah dahnin
Nining nailaihni dahnin kidika laih 5.5 tingpana kulna sinka minik kau dak dawi 7.7 tingpana kulna minik kau tiaskau bu pitni tingta yamnin 625tingpana
kulna ulyak kalahwi salapminit kau tiaskau bas pan
binina dahna. Dawak dahnin laih 1.1tingpana as pitni kurhwi dahninki dawak kaput laihtak sau bukuih
yamni kau barakwarangki isi kalah warangki panan
barakwi.
Wakisa dahnin
Nininh dahwi yakyang balna wakisa dadahwi nailaihni 2.5mita x 2.5mita ulyakat kalahwi wakisa sulah panan 1600 pitni ittarea as yakat, 2,5m x 3.0m
kalahwi ulyakat 1333 panan wakisa sulah dahna
dawak 3.0m x 3.0m kalahwi ulyakat 1111 panan
wakisa sulah dahna ittarea as yakat. Kaunah baisa
yamniki dahnin kulna tani 2.5m x 2.5m kau mahni
minik yaknin kat pani ampus duwi dahwa kaupak
dawak baisa isi kalahwi wakisa sulani dibin balna
kidika bik saitkau yakwi daknin.
32
Kuku dahnin
Kuku panan binina pat dahwak barakna basni tiaskau as duwakat dawi
barakna kulwi talwak 90cm pitni duwakat sipki mahka saitkau yakwi
dahnin. Kaput bik kuku panan dibinina kidika nining laihwi waiku 7 a
8 kat dahwa kaupak dawak kuku nanaihni laih waiku 10 a 11 kat pitni
dahwa kaupak.dawak kau nuhni kidika laih walwi yakninki angdika kau
kuku basni yamni kilwi barakwa kidika sipki mahka lawi dahnin. Kaput
bik talninki amput sirihni pitwi udunni kalahwa kidika dawi barakwa kidika, satni kau panan bani yak.
Kaput bik dahnin satni balna asni kidika sipingni bas dawi kau yamniki
dahni rabutni kauh, kaput laih baisa sauni kidi yamni yusmundi.
33
Brikput dahnin
Kaput baisa yamniki brikput panan kidika lawidahnin Naini tani 50 kilitna bikisni duwa kat, dawi pasluih sauni kurhwi dahnin laih 30 kilitna
bikisni panuhni duwa atnigniki, dawi dahnin pani pasluihni duwa atninki
35 kilitna bikisni kat. Kaput bik nitni nuhni duwi nining daknin pan binina
dahna bang kidika kaldaukalnin awaski turuh kaswi dawi kiki bik kasnin
awaski.
Brikput panan binina kidika sipki pan uk balna karak bahawi dahnin,
kaput bik indian pani lainni balna yak lainkau dahwi kiunin sehem wayang kau talda kapat, kaput laitak nining dakna karangki. Dawak Brikput panan binina kidika sipki pan uk balna karak bahawi dahnin kakau
kapat, awal kapat, waki kapat, dawi pan uk bik bahawi dahnin. dawak
pan uk karak bahawi dahnin kat sipki dahnin nailaihni 10 x 10 mita pitni
dawi panuhni duwarangki andat pan binina pitni it tarea as yakat. Kaput
laihtak danin sipki yamni baraknin silp minik laihwi dawi minik yaknin,
kurih bu duwa kat panan binina kidika pat barakna karangki 3.2 mita
pitni naini.
34
Adika brikput panan dahnin sau daklana.
Lainni yak pirihtah nailaihni 2 mita pitni dawi 20
kilitna bikisni pastawa yakauh
dawak waiku 20 duwakat panan binina
kidika ting balna dakninki 1.30 mita pitni sau kaupak.
Mahka waiku 6 duwa kaupak brikput
tingni balna Dakninki kaput bik sipki waiku 4
kaupak bik tanit kat daknin angkat sangka Dauwakat.
Adika brikput panan basni dakwa munah Sipki
duwi plun bayahnin tinglau balna yak.
Brikput Panan dahwa munah lain yakat sipki
Dahwi danin pri yamni barakwi minik laihnin. Pan
binina bani kau kulna 10 mita pitni nailaihni. Baisa Minik mahni laihnin yulni.
Brikput panan kidika tanit dakwi pan.
Minik dahna balna yakat, dawi nailaihni duwi uk
balna Karak dawi lainkau bik as mita pitni, dawi
panan Barakwa kaupak waiku 18 kat Mahka tingni dakwi 1.30 mita pitni sau kat, Dawi waiku 6 kat
dakwi pirin balna Kaput bik Waiku 4 kat dakwi
tingni bikisni balna tinglau.
Kasnin yulni turuh, kuhs, kusih dawi uk balna bik.
Brikput panan kidika dahwa kaupak kurih bu
duwa kat barakna atningki kilna naini 4.5 mita pitni nuhni.
35
Brikput panan binina kidika sipki pan
uk balna karak bahawi dahnin kidika
sip awaski uba tubakni libikni daknin
kat sipki daunin o minik laihwas atning
awaskat siknis satni as kallaihnin sipki
dawi kaldaukalwi uba sangni kau kalduwa bik yaihnit balna yak.
Mahka dakwi yusmuninki tayam parahni kau dakwa kaupak, kat brikput minik
pat lalahna minit bayakna kat mahka
karatlawi daukalwi siknis kawi dimuih
kaswa munah panmak yakat. Dawak
mahka silp sahwi brikput minik kidika
daukalwak o karatlawak.
Sahwi yakwi minik kidika saitni kau yakwi was kau suhwi yakwi dawi
ma buhwi.
Dawak dahnin kat nit awaski baisa turwi yaknin untak kaupak. Dawak
mahka dahnin kat brikput minik balna kidika was kau puwi daning 15
makirana praisni kat. Brikput minik balna kidika mahka dahnin kat
wants barangni sau puwi plasnitik yak awi dakningki minik kidika pasyakau awi dahninki dawi sau ubulni puwi daninki, dawak minik kidika
pitwi kilwi sangdi bukat dawi waiku bu minit kau papus dak kat dahna
kaupak panan binina kidika barakna atningki 50 ting pal kulna tani naini
barakna kaput laihtak mahka lawi dahnin sipki angdika pani yak dahnin
kat. Dawak baisa sirihni minik laihnin kat baisa kau ridi yamninki tapan
dakwi birnin waiku 5 duwa kat, dahna kaupak, punin uni nunuhni atningki plastic laihwa naini as mita pitni.
Brikput panan minik dis kidika laih baisa isi laihwaski ritni yamni dawi
tapan dakwi birwak bik panan nuhni yak minik laihwa yak.
Adik panan balna kidi dahnin karang kat rikni munah dakwi yakwi
uhuswaranki kidi balna minik munah dah das ki. Kaput ban rikni pis bin
36
18 kilitna bikisni naini tani kaput bik nuhni ni
kidi laih 30 a 35 kilitna kaupak baisa bikisni.
Dahnin karang kat pani as kau rawi dadi
bang kat yamni uhuswi nunuhni dawa kat
dahna karangki kauna dau uhus nin pani
yak laih aput bang atnin ki nailaihni kidi 5
a 10 cm.
Amput tanin dahninkidi: Panan rikni balna kidi dahnin ki pirihta lak tusnin ki sau
yakat kaput bik sau yakat laih dadak tus
atnin ki sau mukna kidi. Mâ 45 aput ban
atnin ki sau ya kat nuna dawak bik laih taldarang ki panan rikni dahna kidi mahka
pitwa kidi tapan binina, Baisa kidi waiku 2
bayakwak baisa laih kalahwi nuna mayang
bang yakaupak.
Pani kaupak yakwi mahka dahni karang ki
waiku 5 duwa kat .mâ balna bayakwak waiku 10 duwa kat aput duwa atnin malaihni
barakwa sak atnin ki 50 (cm) kilitna. Panan rikni kau dahna balna kidi kurih 2 minit
kau waiku 4 duwa kat lakwi taldak barakwa
sak atnin ki adik sat naini tani duwa atnin
ki 4.5 mitauhni. Kaput bik watdi rikni balna
kidi daknin kat kulbil u kidi awas kat isparah baini kau dak yaknin ki kaput bik rikni
dakna yak sika as kahna karang ki bainah
yamlanin yulni, kidi man bik awas ki panan
nuhni ki daunin awas yulni. Kaput bik adik
rikni munah uhuswa kidi aput parisni kulwi
yakna sak ki 30%.
37
Supa dahnin.
Supa panan kidika mahka dahwa kaupak supa wainiku o octubre yakat,
dawak panan binina kidika pat ridi karangki mahka lawi dahnin was wainiku abril dawi mayo yakat , kidika wainiku balna yak mahka was lauwi
pas tuna nailaihni laih 6 x 6 pitni bani kau dahninki pan binina bani kau.
38
Dahnin mani balna.
Nining dahwi adika panan minik balna was wainiku mayo kaupak krismis
wainiku kat was wainiku kawa yakat
dawak was utuhwi daknin laih kurih
ulyakat sipki dahnin mampat want kat.
Walwi yakwi dunin angdika balna nitni
duwi dahnin yak.
Angkaupak yakwih dahwih Masah.
Baisa kau nu atningki angkaupak
yakwi dahwih panmak sulani kidika
raham palni yamni yah masah sulah kidi dawi angkaupak walwi yakna sulani yah, ampus pitni barakwih
dawi paun ampus duwih angkaupak
kalahwi mahwih panmak masah kidika sipki kalahna atning:
Walanibis kalni kaupak:
batangwi masah sulani munah dawi minik
laihwi waiku 14-16 duwa kat.
Walanibis kalahwi piri kau- seem ayangni pakwi udutyang batangwi
pak:
piring balna munah dawi basni yakat minik
laihwi waiku 16-18 kat pitni.
Walanibis minik kaupak:
batangwi masah minik sulani yakat dawi
minik laihwi waiku 18 – 20 pitni kat.
Walanibis udunni munah: ayangni uk bik duwi masah minik laihwa
dinit yak kalahwi adika walanibis laih dawi
minik laihwi waiku 16 -18 kat pitni.
Walanibis minik tunan yak: tunan minit yak laihwi sulani as. Adika sulani laih uba. Yamni awaski dahnin kat uba
tayam naikau laihwi minik kidika waiku 24
– 26 kat paitni.
39
Wakisa sulani walwi yakna
Wakisa balna dahwi minik yamni yaknin kat baisa yamni balna kidika walwi
yakninki.
Diminik balna bitik kau dahwi yamni
yaknin kat walwi yakninki panmak minik baisa yamni kidika kaput laihtak
amanglanin yamni minik yakwarang
yak awaskat dauh dahwi yakwas
karang minik yamni laihwas dawak.
Kaput bik waki minik sulani kidika
walyakninki siknis asbik diskat.
Sulani satni balna.
A. Waki sulani barakni minik nunuhni
balna walwi parwi o sahwi yaknin.
Kidika laih waki sulani nuhni kidika
kaput nining kaupak kalahwi
dahwi yaknin yulni. Dawi sipki
dahnin sau parasni yamni duwa
karak minik yamni yaknin karang
kat.
B. Sulani urwi kilna.
Adika sulani laih muihni nuhni
ulyak yamniki dahwi minik yaknin
matakit yakau. Adi sulani laih
walwi yakninki barakni nuhni naini
as kat pirihtah nuhni dawi parasni
o dadasni yamni atningki.
40
Rikni palatwi
C. Waki sulani nunuhni.
Adika waki sulani minik laih baisa yaksihni ki dahnin, kat
baisa yamni nuhni duwa kat parasni. Waki sulani balna kidika
yusyamninki baisa nunuhni balna yak duwa atningki 0.15 malaihni
kaput duwakat sulah minik yak laih 0.20 malaihni nuhni pitni.
Dawak kaput laihtak paun duwarangki 1.8 a 2.3 tihni sahyakna
bikisni dawi tingni yamni barakwarangki. Kidika yulni kat baisa
yamni walwiyakwi waki sulah yamni wahma balna kidika dahnin
minik yamni baraknin yulni dawi mahni yakni minik.
41
Kuku minik walyakna
Kuku mak baln kidi walyaknin kat ram amangni lanin ki ais satni kuniku yah minik yang balna yakat. Kaput laih andik yaksihni talda yakat
nunuhni, minik mahni laihwi mâ bitik yakat kaput bik mani, sauni yak bik
yaksihni uhuswa kat kurih ulyakat. Adik ayangni laih kuku itangni wal
yakdi dudi dahda yulni.
Kuku dahyang yaksin kidi adik yakat lakwarang:
• Kuku panan as kidi kurih as pasyak 100 minit yak minik laihna atnin
ki.
• MInikwa atnin kidi kurih daihwa sak yak bik.
• Minik kidi bukwak uduhna kidi baisa yaksihni uhuswi.
• Sait yak lanin ki adik baisa minik pihna balna kidi.Adik satni minik
balna kidi waiku 9 a 12 bayakwak puluwa mani kaupak.
• Minik balna kidi kasuk atnin ki, uba nunuhni kat dutni ki dawi bik uba
bikisni atnin bik sip awaski.
42
Supa minik wal yakna.
Minik walyaknin kidi supa panan kidi
yamah satni as bik dis atnin ki sangni
yaksihni, panan nuhni atnin ki, yaksihni barakni atnin ki. Kaput bik minik rana
mayang pani kaupak andik dahnin kidi
yaksihni wal yaknin ki.
Minik yamni walyaknin kat kasut wal
yaknin ki supa panan yakat.
• Adik satni balna atnin ki supa tunan
as kaupak (minik 100 duwa atnin ki).
• Panan kidi nunuhni sasangni yaksihni dawi bik sulani karak.
• Untak kidi mahni duwa atnin ki.
• Utak kidi tubakni atnin ki.
• Puluma kat pipihni atnin ki.
• Panan balna kidi uba malaihni atnin
awaski kat yamni minik was dawi.
• Yamah satni as bik dis atnin ki.
43
Panan nuhni kidi walyaknin:
Tapan birnin yulni waiku aput duwa atnin ki 6 a 8 panan binina kidi yaksihni atnin ki, rikni bik yamni uhusna atnin ki kaput bik panan bin kidi bik
nuhnini kidi kapat atnin ki.
Tapani walyaknin:
Panan bin kidi parasni atnin ki dawi yamahni dis atnin ki panan kidi
yanimak pas yakaupak baisa yaksih atnin ki, minik yang atnin ki,minik
yayamni mâ balna dudutni kaiwa bik yamahni laihwas atnin ki.
Panan papangni
kidi ridi munna
44
Tapan kidi amput daknin kidi.
Panan nuhni
dakpamna.
kidi
Panan ting daknin
kidi
45
Klin yamnin dawi sika wasni kau suhyakna dahnin dina
balna kidi.
Waki sulani walyakna dahnin yulni dawi tanit daknin yamahni laihnin awas yulni.
Wakisa sulani balna dutwi dawi dak yaknin ki naini duwa atnin ki 0.10m
kidi sau kaupak kaput amang ladi waki tunan.Dawi bik baisa sipar ki, isi
ki trukwi lanin bik pa uk kau. Wakini tunan balna kidi sauni kidi yamni
yakmunnin ki, rikni dawi untak dau kalna balna kidi, babil kana balna
bitik yakmun nin ki wisamni barakwarangki. Sika wasni kau suhyak pamwi duwi kiwi dahnin yamah dutni as duwi kiunin awas yulni.
Adik balna yak aput yulna sak ki: Waki tapan balna kidi was daihni kau
awi yaknin andik dahnin balna kidi minit aput praisni 10-15 dawi bik
daihnini kidi put duwa atnin ki 56–58ºC adik yamahni balna bitik imukwi
baisa laih birauh sumani balna kidi imukwi. Sinika balna yamwi yakna
usnit mahka dahnin sipki kidi awas bik mâ yapak as dabang wak bang
kat dahnin ki pan sanni dinyak ma 4-6 kaput laih buh lalawas ki.
46
Laihwi talnin yamni uhuswa adik panan mak balna kidi
kat sulani yaknin yulni
Minik yakwi kidi pisni satni bitik kau uduhwi dawi minik bikisni 100 praisni dahnin ki kaumak as kau kidi awas kat, sau sani yudutni yamni kau
yakat taldarang ki andik baisa yaksihni uhuswa kidi.
Di basta kau muksaktah data mâ bani was utuhta. Mà 4-7 duwa kat
talma ki adik pitna balna kidi basni kalahna sak karang ki dawi bik rikni
bik yamni barakna sak karangki, kaupat minik yapak rana dai kaupak
talma ki yapak palni kidi uhusna kidi.
Pani Kau Lawi dahnin panmak satni balna bitik kau
Adik balna kidi mahka lawi dahwa kidi, panan tapan birna balna kidi
barakna malaihni aput duwa kat 50 cm. (kilitna) bikisni kaput karang
laih pani kau dahna karang ki, pan ting kau dakwi dungwak uhuswa
balna kidi laih aput dahwa atnin ki 70% rikni laihna atnin ki yakat dawak
pani kau dahna karangki,baisa yamni kalaih was lauwa wainiku balna
yakat, kaput bik aman lanin ki an kaupak wing wauhwa kidi bik dawi
mâ daihni kidi tapan birna kidi busnin awas yulni; baisa bik buknin awas
ki kat tapan kidi dau kalwa rang ki.
47
Yamak pasyak yamnin balna.
Was utuhnin.
Yamak warkni yamdi didah bitik kidi was diskat di has bik kalahwas ki kat pan binina kat
bik was diyanin ki, adik yaklauwi baisa sirihni barakwi.wakisa balna kidi baisa nunuhni
dawi untak tubakni was baisa suhuini duwi
kurih ul yakat. Wakisa balna kidi kurih mahni
dini balna kidi bang was kidi baisa want ki
1800 mm dawi 3000mm was lauwa pani balna yakat.
Was utuhnin kat laih lain kau dahna tus munah tubu balna munah.
48
Sau yak parasni kalanin.
Sau yakat panabas utuhnin wasni kau parasni
kalanin yulna disar balna kidi yasihnibarakni yulni kaput amanlanin ais mani balna yakat utuhnin
kidi.
49
Panabas utuhnin mankru balna yak:
Akat laih panabas kidi rirusni kau uhnin ki rikni yahainit yak sauni kau
mukbang danin ki, panabas laih 120 gm (fosforo dawi kal) adik uhnin
kat sauni kidi yamni tadi mun nin ki sauni kidi parasni diskat,pini bik
panabas kidi uhnin awas ki kat rikni yak buswarangki kaput bik talnin
ki panan balna kidi yamni awas kat parasni kalanin yulni.
Baisa laih manpat kat panabas balna kidi kalanin kidi: puluwa kat,barakwa sak yakat dawi bik minik nunuhwa sak yakat.
• Mâ daihni duwa atnin ki 20ºC a 32ºC
• Kurih as pasyak was launin ki 1000 y 1500 mm
Saring yakat panabas kalanin:
Yulda kalaih di tinglau bani balna kidi kalana atnin ki, sakara bani,turuh
bani,kusih bani adik ram yamni kalawi minik yakat pan as baisa yak
aput mahni uhnin ki 35 kilos adik kurih as pas yak adik sinika duwi(nitrogino,fosforo, y potasio) kaput laih uduhwi kalanin ki.
Manpat mani kidi baisa adik sika kidi kalanin kidi: puluwa kat, barakwa
sak yakat dawi bik minik nunuhwa sak yakat kurih as pas yak, wat 3-4
kalanin ki.Baisa yaksihni kidi laih puluwa dawi minik nunuhwa mani
balna yak.
Panmak sapahni yakat panabas kalanin:
Pan mak balna kidi sauni satni kau bararakwi.Sika kalanin kidi laihwi
yamni tannin ki sau satni bitik kau, panan mak dahna mayang kidi,panan papangni kidi kurih yapak duwa daih dawi tanit kau sika kalana dai
kidi ampat daih panan binina daih.
50
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Panmak kurihni.
10-30-10 minik
120
240
360
480
600
720
840
960
1080
1200
Tuna kalanin kidi (Pisba
wainiku) ul
120
240
360
480
600
720
840
960
1080
1200
Usnit kalanin (was
waiku/saring wainiku)
ul 12-24-12 minik
Sapahmak yakat panabas kalanin (kurih/ panan)
90
180
270
360
450
540
630
720
810
900
Wat bas kurih as yakat Urea minik kau.
51
Sika kalanin wakisa yak:
Kidi ban yulwi manpat kat kalanin kidi.
Kalanin
Kurih 1
Kurih 2
1
a la siembra, 0.11 kg de 0-20- a partir de abril mayo
0 por postura
0.45 kg de 15-15-15 / postuDahwa yakat 0.11 kg de ra
0-20-0 ampat yakarak
Waiku dauna , Pisba wainiku
2
3
4
5
6
52
0.45 kg de 15-15-15 ampat
yakat
30 d.d.s. : 0.03 kg Sulfato de 0.45 kg de 15-15-15 + 1.0 lb
amonio/ postura de siembra de Urea / postura
Dahna kaupak ampat yakat
60 d.d.s. : 0.11 kg Sulfato de
amonio por planta- panan as
bani yak
d.d.s. : 0.23 kg de Urea +
0.23 kg 15-15-15 / postura
Ampat yakat
0.45 kg de 15-15-15 /postura
Ampat yakat
0.45 kg de 15-15-15 + 1.0. lb
de Urea / postura
Ampat yakat
Ampat yakat
d.d.s. : 0.23 lb.Urea + 0.45 kg
de 15-15-15 / postura- Ampat
yakat
210 d.d.s. : 0.45 kg. de Urea
+ 0.45 kg de l5-15-15 / postura
Kakau yak panabas kalawa:
Akat laih panabas baisa kalwa kalih nitrógeno, fosforo dawi potasio
dawi baraknin yak kalawa kalaih magnesio, calcio, sodio, boro dawi
hierro adik kalawa yulni laih untak dadasnin dwi minik mahni yaknin
yulni.
Kaput kakau yakat sika kalawa kidi baisa laih uba barakni, kakau ni kidi
yamni minikwas pa dawi sauni kidi yamni awas kat.
Brikput yak panabas kalanin:
Adik laih dahnin mani balna yakat pani kurna yakat uhwi anin ki 600
mini sakara bani (kusih bani bik) kaput bik sau pauni u parasni dis kau
karang kat kal 150 minik
Supa yak panabas kalanin:
Adik yamnin kidi baisa yamadangni ki kat supa mahni yaknin yakat,
supa uhusna bikisni aput yakwa sak atnin kidi 15,000 kaput bik sika
want kalahwi 250kg ntrogino yamak pani as, 20kg fosforo, 200 200 kg
potasio, dawi 50 a100 kg yamak pani as kau kaput bik magnesio, 90kg
potasio, 36 kg magnesio. Apat kidi andik sauni sahyakna saitna sak
mayangn kidi bik was lauwa pani balna yak; 12 qq ha/ 3 kalawa atnin
waiku 4 pas yak ,kaput bik disar yakat uhnin karangki 40 minik yamak
5000 panan dahna sak kat yamak baisa nuhni.
53
54
Di damas baunin.
Dimak sapah yak dinit bauna.
Adik ma ising ainin ki yanimak kau uita dahtaman kaupak dinit baunin
ki kat kaput laih yasihni barakwarangki, baisa nunuhni dawak sika wasni dibasta busnin dini kau utuhwi busnin dabasta balna kidi, kaput bik
pisni as kau tingka bik dinit lanin sipki kat kal daukalnin awas yulni kidi
was utuhwi watda balna yakat laih rikni balna kidi daukaldas ki dawi bik
panan rikni bik. Sika dibasta busnin dini balna kidi Dibasta inin tuna
bahda kaupak dawi Sirihni laihwi talnin.
Dibasta inin u didamas busnin kidi.
Herbicida
Terbutilazina
Simazina
Oxifluorfen
Paraqua
Glifosato
B a k a n n i n yapak utuhayangni
nin kidi yamak as kau
Gardoprim 3
500 FW
Gesatop 500 2
FW
Goal
2
Gramoxone
1
Roundup
2
Amput
kidi.
utuhnin
Pre y post mergencia
Pre- emergencia
Post- emergencia
Post- emergencia
Post- emergencia
Ulmak dinit baunin:
Ulmak balna kidi damasni duwa kat yamni as bik kal dakawas ki kidi
bang mâ bitik kau dawa atnin ki dinit kidi bitna kapat laih yamni barak
warangki baisa laih isparah kau dinit bauwi. Aman lanin ki apis bik panan sarang yak daknin bik awas ki yakut laih yamah satni laihwarangki.
Dinit baunin brikput kuku dawi dawi supa karak.
Adik baisa laih isparah kau dinit babauwi kasut main karak tingni yak
tusnin awas ki kaput bik rikni yak bik daknin awas ki kidi awas laih yani
kiri buhwarang ki kaput dawak dauwarang ki. Kuku dawi Supa karak
kapatki.
55
Saring yak sau kurwi muknin.
Adik sat pan rikni yak sau muknin yak kidi nuhni palni baisa laih parasni kalwi, pini
bik bukwas ki dawi bik rikni bik baisa yaksihni uhuswi. Adik kulnin lani laihnpanan
balna kidi rikni parasni sak atnin, kaput bik sauni kidi suihni duwi kurih bik. Panan
yahainit kaupak kuswi uduhwi duaiwi muknin adik balna kau yusmunwi: subil, û,
pik, kaput dawi di damas balan.
56
Dakwi yakna satni balna
Dakyakwa kasuk baraknin:
Adik satni warkni balna kidi baisa
dahnin pani yak dudi mawwas au
adik tingni dutni balna kidi dakwi
yakwa atnin ki yamni baraknin yulni kaput laih minik bik yamni laihwarangki, baisa bik isi karangki
main talwi kiunin. Tapan bing birda
kaupak adik panan binina dadak
baraknin ki 80 cm malaihni baisa
60 cm duwa kaupak tingni bikisni
daukalna kidi dak yakwarang ki.
Daukalna yak dak yakwi:
Akat laih panan yakat yamah dutni
as duwa kat kidi pisni yak dakwi
yakwi kat baisa nuhwi kiunin awas
yulna adik pisni yak laihnin sipki
basni yak, minik yak, tingni yak
panan untak yak dawi bik rikni yak
bik, minik laihwi bayakwa bani yak
yamnin ki.
Pantin balna dakyaknin minik
yaknin yulni:
Pan yamak as kau minikna sak kat
tingni balna dudutni bang kidi dak
yakmukwi dawak baisa isi kalahwi
minik dak yaknin.
Udungni balna kidi dakyakwi:
Adik laih panmak yani mak minik
yang balna kat basni tubakni kat
dakwi yaknin karang ki adik dutni
yamwi kat uba damasni kat yamahni bik isi laihwi, kaput bik dimuih
dudutni bik sahwi.
Udungni kidi Apis dakyakwi:
Adik kapat pan balna dak yakwak
wisamni kalahwa kidi kaunah alih
pan nunuhni yakat dis udungni
manah dakwi yakwi adik kulnin
lani laih panan balna kidi sau kau
atnin yulni.
Dakyakdak wat wahma kalwi:
Talna as: Kuku, brikput, dawi supa
balna laih nit diski tingni dakwi
Adik laih pan bararakni daukalna
yakwwa atnin.
yakat yamwi ul kidi awas kat Apis
manah kaput laih wisamni yanin
sipki. Baisa bik panan nunuhni kidi
dak mukwi dawi usnit minik satni
uk kaubik tapan uk pirwak wisam
ni kalwa rangki
57
Minik yakwi dawi dahwi
panmak balna
58
Amput lalahwa balna kidika panmak minik
Panmak minik balna kidika minik aitaniki angkat lalahwa kat bakangnin
yamniki, kaput bik pan minik kidika lalahna kat untak sat ukki minik batani karak dawi damni duwi panan minik kidi paskau dawi wasni mahni
duwi.
Pan Minik yakwi sapahni balna
Lakwi talninki yamni angdika panmak minik lalahna laih amanglaninki
amput kidika pat aitani lalahna yah panmak kidi duwa karangki lalahna kat; wasautni sat uk, minik nuhni atningki, dawi wasni duwi muihni
paskau.
Panmak limus kidika laih wasautni yak laih talwaski mampat kat pat
aitani yah kasnin minik kidika wasni mahni duwa kat aitniki yusmunnin.
Kaunah aransa laih talningki minik untak kidika lalahni kat aitaniki kasnin dawak yamni lalahna kat baisa yaksihniki minik kidika yusyamnin.
Sadik minik balna kidika laih minik untak kidika lalahni kalwi dawi limus
damni balna kidika laih minik untak kidi lunh dana kat kasnin aitaniki
dawi wasni mahni duwi muihni paskau dawak minik batani laih wasni
kalahwaski.
59
Brikput minik yakwi
Brik put minikarak
Panmak brikput kidika kurih as pasyak watwi bu kau minik laihwi kidika
mani laih; kuskus wainiku kaupak kama wainiku kat pitnidawi was almuk wainiku kaupak supa wainiku kat.
Brikput minik dis kalahwi
Panmak brikput minik dis kalahwa balna kidika laih tayamni bu duwi;
as kidika laih kuskus wainiku kaupak kama wainiku kat pitnidawi was
almuk wainiku kaupak supa wainiku kat.
Supa minik pauna daknin
Angkat supa minik kidika aitani pauna kat minik barakna kat laihtak
mahka dakwi kasnin ki tunan kau dakwi pauna manah kidika kat.
Kuku minik barakna
Panmak kuku kidika minik aitani kat daknin kidika laih kurih ulhyakatki
waiku as yak sipki yapak daknin kat wants daknin karanki kaput laih60
tak baisa yamni minik laihwi mahni. Dawak bakannin laih kuku minik
dakwa minit kau laih yamniki dawi kuku minik barakna aitani laih daknin
kidika waiku 5 a 7 kat. Kaput bik kuku wasni kidika baisa damni yaksihni . Dawi kaput bik kuku kidika diyah laknin karang kat kuku pihna
mahka silp sau yak bukwa balna kidika kau duwi buhwi wasni yamwi
lahwi lakwi diyani wasni.
Kuku minik laihwi dawi pa uk kau lawi minik.
Kuku minik laihninki mani kat kasut daknin ki tangka laih kaldaukalnin
awas yulni kuku minik balna yak kat sahyamwa laih sip muih balna
bakangwas karangki. Kaput bik kuku minik balna kidika pa uk kau lawi
bakangnin kat yamni kasuk baks kau puwi lanin karangki o awaskat
punin dini wili kau puwi laninki.
Bakangnin panmak balna
Bakangnin panmak minik balna kidika laih talninki wais balna yak
kalbakangnin yah uduhna kau tingta yamwa balna yak dawi rawaswi
yakwa munah kulninna lani aslah biri biri awi bakang yang muihni balna
dawi pan minik dahwi yak yang balna karak.
Ulmak kidika damni yaksihni bang muih balna bitik want kalahwi. Pan
minik dahyang balna kidika bakangnin pani yak uiwi awi bakanwi tawan
muih balna yalalahwa yak, kidika bang pan minik dahyang kidika baisa yamni maintalninki pan minik yakwa mani kat dawi pa uk kau Lawi
bakangnin yak, kat kaput awas karang kat ram dutni kalahwarangki
lalah lainni yak yasihni yakwas dawarangki pan minik kidika yamni kat
uiwi yakwi bakang was karang kat.
61
Bibliografía
CETA-INATEC. 2010. Manual Técnico de Frutales. Siuna, RAAN.
62

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