Recursos Recursos que complementan el manual
Transcripción
Recursos Recursos que complementan el manual
Resource Section / Sección de recursos Additional Study Resources / Recursos adicionales para el estudio Para estudios adicionales según Maestro o Estudiante /Extra Studies according to Teacher or Student Página # 1 Título de los recursos disponibles en DONES Manual/Title of resources availabe in Manual Índice de Manual de Recursos Index for Resource Manual 2 Lo ren zo S n o w-p ro c eso d e n i ñ o s q u e están ap ren d i en d o ( man u al S . S o c o rro / S ac erd o c i o ) Lorenzo Snow -process of children learning (Relief Society/Priesthood manual) 3 Sonidos del alfabeto (fonética) Sounds of the Alphabet (phonetic) 4 ,5, 6 Escrituras del Señor para la Preparación para ser Autosuficiente Scriptures on the Lord's counsel to be Self Reliant 7, 8 Dominio de las Escrituras de Inglés (4 libros de escrituras sobre 25 temas) Scripture Mastery in English (4 books of scriptures on 25 themes) 9 Ejercicios para los Estudiantes para escribir Inglés (Oración, Testimonio, Pensamiento Espiritual) Exercise for Student in Writing English (Prayer, Testimony, Spiritual Thought) 10 Presidente Monson: comentarios sobre el valor de la música President Monson: comment on the Value of Music 11, 12 Ejercicio con los sonidos de las consonantes y vocales en Inglés Exercise with the sounds of consonants and vowels in English 13 Guía para el alfabeto fonético de Inglés: Vocales Guide for the phonetic Alphabet of English: Vowels 14, 15, 16 440 palabras más utilizadas en Inglés 440 most commonly used words in English 17, 18 , 19 100+ frases desde las 300 palabras más usadas 100+ phrases from the 300 most used words 20 Hoja de seguimiento personal de Estudios de Inglés Personal tracking sheet for English Studies 21 - 22 10 Desafios que tienen los que hablen Espanol 10 Common challenges Spanish speakers have with English 23 - 30 Hojas de Respuestas (por exámenes de cada DONES tema) Answer sheets (for Quizes for each Theme of DONES) 31 Los términos utilizados para identificar palabras en una Estructura de la oración / estructura de las oraciones Terms used to identify words in a Sentence / Sentence structure 32 - 33 Frases conversacionales básicas (fonéticos) + palabras adicionales Basic conversational phrases (phonetic) + additional words 34 - 58 Indice para los ejercicios de Gramática / Ejercicios de Gramática Index for Grammar exercises / Grammar Exercises 59 - 62 Clave de respuestas para los ejercicios de gramática Answer Key for Grammar Exercises 63 - 70 Palabras que son similares en Inglés y Español Words that are similar in English & Spanish 61 - 78 Verbos (240+ verbos en Presente, Pasado y Participio) Verbs (240+ verbs in Present tense, Past tense & Past Pariticiple 1 2 Sonidos del alfabeto en Español y en Inglés (Hay más sonidos para las letras, especialmente con vocales cortas. Vea página 11,12 y 13 ) 3 The Lord's counsel on Self Reliance El consejo del Señor para ser Auto Suficientes # Theme: 1 "My (the Lord's)work "Mi trabajo (del Señor) 2 "Be ye therefore perfect" "Sed, pues, vosotros perfectos" 3 "we are the offspring of God" "somos los hijos de Dios" 4 "we are children of God" "somos hijos de Dios" 5 "choose to serve the Lord" "optar por servir al Señor" Reference/source Moses 1:39 Moisés 1:39 Mathew 5:48 Mateo 5:48 Acts 17:29" Hechos 17:29 Romans 8:16 Romanos 8:16 Moses 6:31-36 Moisés 6:31-36 6 "thy will be done"-Gethsemane "Hágase tu voluntad"-Getsemaní 7 "shew thee my faith by my works" "Te mostraré mi fe por mis obras" 8 "to act for themselves" "para actuar por sí mismos" 9 "Lord how is it done?" "Señor, ¿cómo se hace?" Mathew 26:42 Mateo 26:42 James 2:17-20 Santiago 2:17-20 2 Nephi 2:26 2 Nefi 2:26 Book of Enós Libro de Enos 10 "Gifts--all have not every gift" 12 "unto dust shalt thou return" "al polvo has de volver" 13 "if ye are not one ye are not mine" "si no sois uno, no sois míos" D & C 46:10-12 D y C 46:10-12 D & C 78:14 D y C 78:14 Genesis 3:19 Génesis 3:19 D & C 38:27 D y C 38:27 14 "seek ye the kingdom of God" "Buscad el reino de Dios" Jacob 2:18-19 Jacob 2:18-19 15 "let us do good unto all men" "hagamos bien a todos" 16 "anxiously engaged in a good cause" Galatians 6:10 Gálatas 6:10 D & C 58:27 D y C 58:27 D & C 88:19 D y C 88:19 James 2: 26 Santiago 2: 26 1 Timothy 5:8 1 Timoteo 5:8 "Regalos - todos no tienen todos los dones" 11 "church may stand independent" "la iglesia se sostenga independiente" "anhelosamente consagrados a una causa buena" 17 "crowed with glory--presence of God" "cantó con gloria - la presencia de Dios" 18 "faith without works is dead." "la fe sin obras está muerta." 19 "provide not for his own" "No mantener a su propia" 4 Referencia del Manual de Auto Suficiencia Escribir su Pensamiento The Lord's counsel on Self Reliance El consejo del Señor para ser Auto Suficientes 20 "cursed shall be the ground for thy sake" 21 "this is the way, which I have decreed" Moses 4:23 Moisés 4:23 "maldita será la tierra por tu causa" D & C 104: 14-17 D y C 104: 14-17 1 Nephi 3:7 1 Nefi 3:7 Ether 2 & 3 Eter 2 y 3 "Este es el camino que he decretado" 22 "I wll go and do the things which the Lord hath commanded" "Yo wll ir y hacer las cosas que ha mandado el Señor" 23 what would ye have me do? ¿Qué queréis que haga? 24 "created all things Spiritually" "creó todas las cosas espiritualmente" 25 "For as he thinketh in his heart, so is he" 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Moses 3:5 Moises 3:5 Proverbs 23:7 "Porque cual es su pensamiento en su corazón, tal es él" Proverbios 23:7 "Ask & it shall be given you, seek and ye shall find; --" Mathew 7:7 "Pedid y se os dará, buscad y hallaréis; -" Mateo 7:7 "Come unto me,-- that labor & are heavy laden, I will give rest" Mathew 11:28-30 "Venid a mí - que el trabajo y cargados, yo os haré descansar" Mateo 11:28-30 "If any of you lack wisdom, let im ask of God--Shall be given-" James 1:5-6 "Si alguno de vosotros tiene falta de sabiduría, que la pida a Dios" Santiago 1:5-6 "--ask me in faith, believing that ye shall receive-shall be made known" 1 Nephi 15:7-11 "- me pida con fe, creyendo que recibiréis, se harán del conocimiento" 1 Nefi 15:7-11 --voice of the Lord came to them in their affictions--be of good comfort" Mosiah 24:12-15 - la voz del Señor vino a ellos en sus affictions - de buen ánimo " Mosíah 24:12-15 "--learn in thy youth to keep the commandments of God" Alma 37:35-37 "- aprende en tu juventud a guardar los mandamientos de Dios" Alma 37:35-37 "--chastened him, because he remembered not to call upon the Lord" Ether 2:14-3:5 él castigado, porque no se acordó requerir al Señor" Eter 2:14-3:5 "the sleep of a laboring man is sweet" Ecclesiastes 5:12 "El sueño de un hombre que trabaja es dulce" Eclesiastés 5:12 "done in wisdom & order, not requisite that a man run faster " Mosiah 4:27 "hecho en la sabiduría y el orden, no se exige que un hombre corra másMosíah 4:27 "-required of the Lord--of every steward, to render an account--" D & C 72:3 "-requiere del Señor - de todo mayordomo, que dé cuenta -" D y C 72:3 D & C 121:41-42 "No power or influence can or ought to be maintained by - Priesthood" Ningún poder o influencia se puede ni se debe mantener por-SacerdocioD y C 121:41-42 "A SOFT answer turneth away wrath-- fools pooreth out foolishness" Proverbs 15:1-2 La blanda respuesta quita la ira - pobres tontos a cabo una --" Proverbios 15:1"---the Lord love him because of the integrity of his heart--" D & C 124:15 "--El Señor le aman por la integridad de su corazón D y C 124:15 "--contunueance in well doing seek glory & honor & immortality --" Romans 2:7 "- continuará en bien hacer, buscan gloria y honra y la inmortalidad -" Romanos 2:7 "--till I die, I will not remove integrity from me." Job 27:5 "- hasta que me muera, no voy a quitar la integridad de mi." Job 27:5 5 Referencia del Manual de Auto Suficiencia The Lord's counsel on Self Reliance El consejo del Señor para ser Auto Suficientes Proverbs 15:1-2 41 "A soft answer turneth away wrat:-but grievous words--" Proverbios 15:1-2 "La blanda respuesta quita la WRAT:-Mas la palabra áspera -" 42 "A brother offended is harder to be won than a strong city:--" Proverbs 18:19 Proverbios 18:19 "El hermano ofendido es más tenaz que una ciudad fuerte: -" 43 "As a dog returneth to his vomit, so a fool returneth to his folly." Proverbs 25:11-12 "Como perro que vuelve a su vómito, así el necio --." Proverbios 25:11-12 44 "Learn of me, and listen to my words; walk in the meekness--" D & C 19:23 "Aprende de mí y escucha mis palabras; camina en la mansedumbre -" D y C 19:23 45 "--if ye do keep his commandmentments, he doth bless you and prosper you." Mosiah 2:21-22 Mosíah 2:21-22 "- si guardáis sus commandmentments, él os bendice y os hace prosperar". Moses 7:32 46 "--I created them,in the Garden of Eden, gave I unto man his agency." "- Los he creado, en el Jardín de Edén le di al hombre su albedrío." Moisés 7:32 47 "The earth is the Lord's, and the fullness thereof." Psalms 24:1,4,5 "La tierra es del Señor, y su plenitud." Salmos 24:1,4,5 48 "For the earth is the Lord's, and the fullness thereof." 1 Corinthians 10:26 "Porque la tierra es del Señor, y su plenitud." 1 Corintios 10:26 49 "--Jesus knew their thoughts--He that is not with me is against me--" Mathew 12:23,25,30 Mateo 12:23,25,30 Jesús conocía sus pensamientos-El que no está conmigo, está contra mí " 50 "--So then every one of us shall give account of himself to God." Romans 14:10-12 "- De manera que cada uno de nosotros dará cuenta de sí mismo a Dios Romanos 14:10-12 51 "--men should be anxiously engaged in a good cause,---" D & C 58:27-28 D y C 58:27-28 52 --it is required 'by ' the Lord,--to render an account of his (man's) stew ardship- D & C 72:3 "- se requiere" por "el Señor, - para dar cuenta de su (del hombre) may ordomía" D y C 72:3 53 "--But before ye seek for riches, seek ye for the kingdom of God.--" Jacob 2:17-19 "- Pero antes de buscar riquezas, buscad el reino de Dios -". Jacob 2:17-19 54 Parable of the Talents; 1 talent, 2 talents, 5 talents. How to act. Mathew 25:14-30 Parábola de los Talentos, 1 , 2 o 5 talentos. Cómo actuar. Mateo 25:14-30 55 --and thus they were all equal, and they did all labor --" Alma 1:26 - y así todos eran iguales, y que hicieron todo el trabajo - " Alma 1:26 56 "--and it came to pass that they became exceedingly rich--" Heleman 6:8,9,17 "- y sucedió que se hicieron sumamente ricos -" Heleman 6:8,9,17 57 "Never could be a people more blessed than were they--" Ether 10:22-28 "Nunca podría ser un pueblo más bendecido que eran ellos -" Eter 10:22-28 58 "But if any provide not for his own--he hath denied the faith--" 1 Timothy 5:8 "Porque si alguno no provee para los suyos - ha negado la fe -" 1 Timoteo 5:8 59 "Let every man be diligent--the idler shall have not place --" D & C 75:28-29 "Que todo hombre sea diligente--el ocioso no podrá tener lugar -" D y C 75:28-29 60 "I did pray oft unto the Lord; wherefore the Lord showed uto me-" 1 Nephi 18:2-4 Lo hice rogar frecuentemente al Señor, por lo cual el Señor me ha mostrado-" 1 Nefi 18:2-4 los hombres deben estar anhelosamente consagrados a una causa buena, -" 6 Referencia del Manual de Auto Suficiencia Scripture Mastery -- with General Theme Dominio de las Escrituras con Tema General Theme Old Testament New Testament Tema Antiguo Testamento Nuevo Testamento Understanding His work, (make it our work) Moses 1:39 Book of Mormon El Libro de Mormon Doctrine and Covenants Doctrina y Convenios Matthew 5:14–16 1 Nephi 3:7 D&C 1:37–38 Matthew 11:28–30 2 Nephi 2:25 D&C 6:36 Matthew 16:15–19 2 Nephi 2:27 D&C 8:2–3 Matthew 22:36–39 2 Nephi 9:28–29 D&C 10:5 Matthew 28:19–20 2 Nephi 25:23, 26 D&C 13:1 Luke 24:36–39 2 Nephi 28:7–9 D&C 18:10–11 John 3:5 2 Nephi 31:19–20 D&C 18:15–16 2 Nephi 32:3 D&C 19:16–19 Entender Su obra, (que sea nuestro trabajo) Called his people Zion (no poor among them) Moses 7:18 Llamó a su pueblo Sión (sin pobres entre ellos) "And they are free to choose, liberty & eternal lifeAbraham 3:22–23 "Y son libres para escoger, la libertad y la vida eterna" Genesis 1:26–27 Created in His image to hearken unto His teachin Creado a Su imagen para oir sus enseñanzas Be one; be reconciled in Christ; priesthood Genesis 2:24 Sean uno; reconciliarse en Cristo, sacerdocio Ways of world vs. worth of souls Genesis 39:9 Formas de mundo contra valor de las almas Peculiar treasure; born of spirit; steadfast in Christ Exodus 19:5–6 Peculiar tesoro, nacido del espíritu, firme en Cristo 10 commandments, I am the way , feast on Christ wo Exodus 20:3–17 John 14:6 10 mandamientos, Yo soy el camino, las palabras de Cristo Choose y ou this day , keep my commandments Joshua 24:15 John 14:15 2 Nephi 32:8–9 D&C 19:23 1 Samuel 16:7 John 17:3 Mosiah 2:17 D&C 25:13 Acts 2:36–38 Mosiah 3:19 D&C 46:33 Acts 3:19–21 Mosiah 4:30 D&C 58:27 1 Corinthians 6:19–20 Alma 7:11–13 D&C 58:42–43 Escogeos hoy, guardad mis mandamientos Lord looketh on heart, Life Eternal, Serv ice of God Jehová mira el corazón, la vida eterna, Servicio de Dios Pure heart, receiv e Holy Ghost, become a Saint, Holin Psalm 24:3–4 Corazón puro, recibir el Espíritu Santo, convertirse en Santo Word is light, restitution, remember & perish not Psalm 119:105 La palabra es luz, restitución, recordar y no perecer Children a heritage, body is Temple, pains of His peopPsalm 127:3 Herencia de los niños, el cuerpo es el tem plo, dolores de su pueblo Trust in Lord, in Christ made aliv e, hav e faith, forgiv e Proverbs 3:5–6 1 Corinthians 15:20–22 Alma 32:21 D&C 64:9–11 Tener confianza en Dios, en Cristo vivificado, tener fe, perdonar y tener esperanza Sins, scarlet to white; glories of sun,moon,stars; learn Isaiah 1 Corinthians 15:40–42 Alma 37:35 1:18 D&C 76:22–24 Pecados rojos com o la grana a blancos; glorias del sol, la luna, las estrellas, aprende en tu juventud Call ev il good & good ev il; fruit of spirit, forsake sins Isaiah 5:20 Galatians 5:22–23 Alma 39:9 D&C 76:40–41 Llam an a lo bueno m alo y lo m alo bueno; fruto del espíritu, los pecados dejareis, Él lim pia Do a marv elous work, perfecting Saints, wickedness Isaiah 29:13–14 Ephesians 4:11–14 Alma 41:10 Hacer una obra m aravillosa, perfeccionam iento de los santos, la m aldad no es felicidad 7 D&C 78:19 Scripture Mastery -- with General Theme Dominio de las Escrituras con Tema General Theme Old Testament Antiguo Testamento Man of sorrow s, Christ strengthens, Christ our foundation, I am bo Isaiah 53:3–5 Tema Neuvo Testamento Philippians 4:13 Book of Mormon El Libro de Mormon Helaman 5:12 D&C 82:10 2 Thessalonians 2:1–3 3 Nephi 12:48 D&C 88:124 3 Nephi 18:15, D&C 89:18–21 Ether 12:6 D&C 107:8 Ether 12:27 D&C 121:36, 41–42 James 2:17–18 Moroni 7:41 D&C 130:22–23 1 Peter 4:6 Moroni 7:45, 47–48 D&C 131:1–4 Revelation 20:12 Moroni 10:4–5 New Testament Doctrine and Covenants Doctrina y Convenios Varón de dolores, Cristo fortalece, Cristo nuestra fundación, estoy obligado undo burdens, come a falling away, be perfect, cease to be -- Isaiah 58:6–7 deshacer las cargas, v amos a apostasía, ser perfecto, deja de ser - delight self in Lord, scriptures make wise, Pray always, wisdom Isaiah 58:13–14 2 Timothy 3:15–17 20–21 deleite y o en Jehov á, Escrituras hacen sabios, ruega siempre, la sabiduría I knew thee, Father of Spirits, trial of faith, minister spiritual things Jeremiah 1:4–5 Hebrews 12:9 Te conocí, el Padre de los espíritus, el juicio de la fe, ministro cosas espirituales Ezekiel 37:15–17 James 1:5–6 Join into one stick, ask nothing wavering, weak things strong; pow Únete a un palo, pregunte no dudando nada, lo débil fuerte; poderes del Cielo, la justicia revealeth to His prophets, faith by works, faith in atonement, H.G Amos 3:7 rev ela los de sus profetas, la fe por las obras, la fe en la ex piación, Espiritu Santo Malachi 3:8–10 windows of heaven, gospel preached to dead, charity is pure love of Christ, when we see him we shall be like him, covenant of marriage v entanas de los cielos, ev angelio predicado a muerto, la caridad es el amor puro de Cristo, cuando lo v eamos, seremos semejantes a él, el pacto del matrimonio Turn hearts of fathers to--, according to their works, power of Holy Malachi 4:5–6 JS—H 1:15–20 Gire corazones de los padres a -, según sus obras, el poder del Espíritu Santo Other favorite Scriptues/ Otras Escrituras favoritas Theme o Tema Scripture Reference/Escritura de ReferenciaComment/Comentario 8 Practice Sheet (Hoja de práctica) Write out your Testimony in English: (Escribir su testimonio en Inglés) ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ . Write out a simple prayer (after the first week). Escriba una sencilla oración (después de la primera semana). _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ . Write out a simple prayer (after the tenth week). Escriba una sencilla oración (después de la décima semana). _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Write out a spiritual thought (after the first week). Escriba un pensamiento espiritual (después de 1 ª semana) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ . Write out a spiritual thought (after tenth week). Escriba un pensamiento espiritual (después de la décima semana)_________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9 President Monson Tabernacle Choir “Music can help you draw closer to your Heavenly Father. It can be used to educate, edify, inspire, and unite.” —Thomas S. Monson "La música te puede ayudar a acercarse a su padre celestial. Puede ser utilizado para educar, edificar, inspirar y unen." —Thomas S. Monson Instructions for using music to increase fluency, comprehension & pronunciation: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Listen to person singing or reading the song on the CD. While listening, try to follow the vocal words on the written page. Read words to song out loud & slowly with clear pronunciation. If there is any question on meaning of any word, find meaning & write it down prior to repeating & singing the song. Listen to the singing of the words of the song, following the music and read the written word. Now that you have: (1) heard the song read, (2) read song slowly and with clear pronunciation, (3) Listened to the singing of the words in English while reading the written word; you are ready to sing the song with the music. Sing at least two verses with loud and energetic voice. On your song chart, mark this song off as having studied (listened to), read, & sung. Instrucciones para usar la música para aumentar la fluidez, comprensión & Pronunciación: 1. Escuchar a la persona que canta o lee la canción en el CD. Mientras escucha, intenta seguir las palabras vocales en la página escrita. 2. Leer palabras a la canción en voz alta & lentamente con pronunciación clara. Si hay alguna pregunta sobre el significado de cualquier palabra, encontrar un significado & escribirlo antes de repetir & cantando la canción. 3. Escuchar el canto de las palabras de la canción, siguiendo la música y leer la palabra escrita. 4. Ahora que tienes: (1) oído la canción Lee, (2) Lee canción despacio y con pronunciación clara, (3) escuchaba el canto de las palabras en inglés mientras leía la palabra escrita; Usted está listo para cantar la canción con la música. Cantar por lo menos dos versos con voz fuerte y enérgica. 5. En su carta de canción, marque esta canción como habiendo estudiado (escuchados), leer & cantado. "For my soul delighteth in the song of the heart; yea, the song of the righteous is a prayer unto me, and i t s hall be answered with a bl essing upon t heir heads." D & C 25:12 12 Porque mi alma se deleit a en el acant o del bcorazón; sí, la canción de los just os es una oración para mí, y será cont estada con una bendición sobre su 10 I. Sonidos del alfabeto en Ingles: Vocales y Consonantes: A (ei) B (bi) C (si) D (di) E (i) F (ef) G H (eich) I (ai) J (*) K (kei) L (el) M (em) N (en) O (ou) P (pi) Q (kiu) R (ar) Español Evangelio Biblia Cine Dinero Obelisco Feliz Guitarra hecho País Que Elefante empujar enseñar Enfocar Piña Practique Practice by escribir y writing & hablar Speaking Practice by writing & Speaking English English English cake bean Child David Deliver Effort Good here Hi Jane Kate Elegant employer end Hole Peal Quiere Quake Arriba Arrive Especiall y S (es) Español Sentimiento Tea T (ti) University U (iu) Luis V (vi) Viviendo Evident W (*) doboliu Way X (ex) examen Xray Y (uai) Guayaquil Buy Z (zi) Asia Zero (*) = parece que no hay sonido en Espanol 11 Practice by Practice by Practice by Practice by writing & writing & writing & writing & Speaking Speaking Speaking Speaking English English English English II. Sonidos de vocales en Ingles: Hay 5 vocales en el alfabeto. En Espanol, con la excepcion de la "e" , hay solo un sonido para cada vocal. En Ingles hay mas de un sonido para cada vocal. El pronunciar estos sonidos vocales correctamente determina si uno habla con o sin acento. Vocales Pronunciacion en Espanol Ejemplos en Ingles Bake, make, date "a" (ei" como en ley" "a" "a" "e" "e" "i/y" "i/y" "o" "o" "o" "o" "u" "u" "u" "u" Cat, apple ("a" como en anuncio, plato) (*) Keep, sleep ("I" como en si') elephant, end (como en encontrar) ("ai") (*) ("o" como en puedo) go, goat, boat ("a" como en pato) lot, hot, lock ("u como en luna) look, book, took (*) cute, cube, cue ("u" como en una) ("iu") (*) but, cut, us, sun, under, up, run (*) put, bush, cushion, push Nota: Como puede observar, el mismo sonido vocal se puede hacer con vocales diferentes ( o combinaciones de vocales que nos se incluen aqui"). Esto es lo dificil del Ingles). En algunos casos no hay un sonido en espanol para ayudarle con un sonido en Ingles. El misionero NorteAmericano puede ayudarle en la pronunciacion. III. Ayudas para la pronunciacion A. Escuche cuidadosmnete cuando los norteamericanos hablan ingles para mejorar su acento. B. Practique en voz alta las palabras con todos los sonidos vocales. C. No tenga temor de hablar Ingles! Todos cometen errores; eso no importa Cuanto mas hable, menos errores cometera' y mejorara' su acento. 12 Table 1. Guide to the US English phonetic alphabet: vowels Sound Symbol As in Suggested Comments “ae” AE add cat pan ae “ah” AA Are drop content ah Very rarely wrong; sometimes an unstressed sound is used instead. So spell 'Merom' as 'Meromm'. The short “a” sound. Rarely wrong but sometimes an open 'o' sound is used instead of the 'ah'. So spell 'mot' as 'maht' to change it from 'moat' to 'mott'. “uh” AH One come 'Uh' or double the following letter Short “o” AO All off caution or Very rarely wrong. Try spelling 'Audi' as 'Ordi'. “au” AW How about Ou au ow “eh” AX enable moment eh “er” AXR another over or er Long “i” AY Fire why eye Y ai add an e “eh” EH Enter pleasant eh “er” ER Bird turn her er Long “a” EY Train eight A Ai ay ey Short “i” IH If it pick ih If 'ow' is mispronounced as 'oh' try switching to 'au' or 'ou'. The unstressed “eh” sound as in “moment” or “enable” but not as in “enter”. The unstressed “er” sound as in “another” over or “or” but not as in “her ”. Rare but if 'Byron' is mispronounced more like “Birron” then try spelling it as 'Bairon' or “Byeron” or even 'Byre-on'. Rare but replacing the vowel letter or letters by 'eh' usually works. For example if 'pleasant' were mispronounced as “pleesant” then 'plehsant' corrects it. Never observed but 'er' should work. If 'Wacome' is mispronounced “Wah-come” then one of 'Waicome' 'Waycome' or 'Weycome' should fix. The short I sound as in “it” “if ” or “pick” but not as in “lasting”. 'Piro' should be pronounced with a short I and is mispronounced as “pyro” then 'pihro' should work. “ix” IX discuss saving budgeted decided ix Long “e” IY Any he obvious Ee ey ie Long “o” OW Oh ow oe “oi” OY oy The long “i” sound (or oi sound) as in “avoid” “employ” “dive” or “why”. Short “u” UH Long “u” UW Quote open go Avoid enjoy dive why Good full could put tooth blue view use you If 'Matrio' was mispronounced as “mah-try-oh” then 'matreeo' 'matreeoh' or 'mahtreeoh' should fix. 'bow' should be right for 'Beau' and 'Dohl' should work for 'Dole'. uh Oo yoo The unstressed short “i” sound as in “discuss” “budgeted” “decided” or “saving”. The short “u” sound as in “good” “put” “full” or “could”. If 'Clough' should be pronounced as in “cluf” then 'cluhf' should work. The stressed long “u” sound as in “to” “use” “you” or “view”. Try 'Bloomehn' for the German pronunciation of 'Blumen'. 13 14 Write & speak the words in English / Escribir y pronunciar las palabras en Inglés English show also around form three small set put end does another well large must big even such because turn here why ask went men read need land different home us move try kind hand picture again Spanish English Spanish English change off play spell air away animal house point page letter mother answer found study stilll learn should American world 200 to 300 words: high every near add food between own below country plant last school father keep tree English never start city earth eye light thought head under story saw left don't few while along might close something seem until children side feet car mile mnight walk white sea began grow took river four carry state once book hear next stop hard open example begin life always those both without second later miss idea enough eat face watch far Indian real almost let above paper together got group often run important 15 Spanish Spanish Write & speak the words in English / Escribir y pronunciar las palabras en Inglés English Spanish English Spanish English Spanish English girl sometimes mountain cut young talk soon friends easy heard order red door sure himself toward five step morning passed vowell list become TRUE song being leave family it's top ship across today during happy hundred against pattern numeral done English road half ten short table fly better best however how hours black products order whole measure remember early waves reached listen wind rock space covered fast several hold understand warm common bring explain dry though language shape deep thousands yes north slowly money map farm pulled draw voice seen cold cried plan notice south sing gave box finally wait correct of quickly person became shown minutes strong verb stars front feel fact inches street decided contain course power cannot able six size dark ball material special heavy check object 301 to 400 words: body music color stand sun questions fish area mark dog horse birds problem complete room knew since ever piece told usually didn't surface produce building ocean class note nothing rest carefully scientist inside wheels war ground fall king town I'll unit stood plane system behind ran round boat game force brought island week 16 Spanish figure certain field travel wood fire upon 401 to 500 words: Estas 145 frases utilizan los primeros 300 palabras más frecuentemente usadas en Inglés: These 145 phrases use the three hundred most frequently occurring words in English: Spanish phrase Rewrite in English English phrase Be on time. T hey will do it. Come down from there. Go with him. He and I will write the numbers. Come get some water. We were all there. Now is the time. Who called? Write the first word. When can you find more time? Go see them now. How are they? Which one is it? How do you do it? No way. He cannot do it. Did you do it? Did you get it all done? She has been to the water. Did you get it all? People write one word at a time. Is this all there is? Some of the time I write numbers. Will we go out now? Look up the word. I have this other oil to use. I have to see him now. Look for some water in there. She said I could go there. What would make her find some more? It was all I had. did you like it? Who called here about it? I could see him with her. T hey were with other people. Go, but don't call him. T hey will write about each other. T here were many people. 17 English phrase This one is for me. /That one's for you. Spanish phrase You and I will go now. She will write to him. Use this first. We were all there. First, oil it. May I have these? Part of the time I write words. I write about many people. There are two more days to go. People could see the many parts. I like many parts. What are these? Many of them see the other part first. When will they find us? I will go see her in two more days. Write it down. Write about the other day. She said you can do it. In time, we will look at them. Go into it with all that you have. Call him now. You make me laugh I know his name. That is a good sentence. She is an American now. Ask her where she lives. I will take over the work. Ask where I could find them. I want to learn to read. I know the answer. It's a good list. I miss my family. I like being in a new state. I have a good idea. It is almost time to go. Turn around and look this way. Soon I will see my family. 18 Rewrite in English English phrase Spanish phrase My home is (was) in a different country. After a long time I saw a new plant. They have a white car. It was more than four miles away. A few children left the school. Mother had a letter from the school. It is just what I want. Did you mean that? Can you help me? Point to the first word on the page. I study every day. Father read the letter. I can tell my own story. It is a very big tree. I saw the light before he did. This is a hard example. Let her cut it now. Young boys sometimes watch men work. I have many books in the school. The river water came up high. Move over, so I can see. I found the answer before he did. Think a little, work a little. Try another answer. Hand mother the letter. I could hear the sound of the sea. A second later I could see it. Sometimes we go to the mountains. I found the answer on the page. He likes to study about the world. The plant began to grow. The plant cannot grow without water. First, we talk; second we walk. The young girl grew up in the city. Give the school book back to mother. Most of us like to eat good food. Old men still learn new things. Every year we grow more food. First we start, then we stop. Between us we have four feet. I need a picture of a different animal. Three small boys came to my home. Think about one very good thing. This year we will give the most help. In the new country we will start over. 19 Rewrite in English Date Fecha: _________ Monday Lunes Check List for Student / Lista de Control por Estudiante Immerse for 35 minutes to 70 minutes daily Estudiar por 35 minutos a 70 minutos diario Read out loud in English: Conference talk or Book of Mormon for 5-20 minutes daily. Leer en voz alta en Inglés: discursos de las conferencias o leer el Libro de Mormon por 5-20 minutos Review DD sheet: writing and speaking each word and phrase, every day (10 minutes). Revisión hoja DD: escribiendo y hablando cada palabra y frase, todos los días (10 minutos). Review Grammer assignment, Prepare Spiritual thought & pray in English once a day (10 minutes) Revisar asignación de Gramática, preparar el pensamiento espiritual y orar en Inglés una vez al día Practice with DONES DVD for 15 minutes a day. Listening closely & practicing pronunciation Practique con DONES DVD, 15 minutos al día. Escuchar atentamente y practicando la pronunciación Tuesday Martes Read out loud in English: Conference talk or Book of Mormon for 5-20 minutes daily. Leer en voz alta en Inglés: discursos de las conferencias o leer el Libro de Mormon por 5-20 minutos Review DD sheet: writing and speaking each word and phrase, every day (10 minutes). Revisión hoja DD: escribiendo y hablando cada palabra y frase, todos los días (10 minutos). Review Grammer assignment, Prepare Spiritual thought & pray in English once a day (10 minutes) Revisar asignación de Gramática, preparar el pensamiento espiritual y orar en Inglés una vez al día Practice with DONES DVD for 15 minutes a day. Listening closely & practicing pronunciation Practique con DONES DVD, 15 minutos al día. Escuchar atentamente y practicando la pronunciación Wednesday Read out loud in English: Conference talk or Book of Mormon for 5-20 minutes daily. Miercoles Leer en voz alta en Inglés: discursos de las conferencias o leer el Libro de Mormon por 5-20 minutos Review DD sheet: writing and speaking each word and phrase, every day (10 minutes). Revisión hoja DD: escribiendo y hablando cada palabra y frase, todos los días (10 minutos). Review Grammer assignment, Prepare Spiritual thought & pray in English once a day (10 minutes) Revisar asignación de Gramática, preparar el pensamiento espiritual y orar en Inglés una vez al día Practice with DONES DVD for 15 minutes a day. Listening closely & practicing pronunciation Practique con DONES DVD, 15 minutos al día. Escuchar atentamente y practicando la pronunciación Thursday Read out loud in English: Conference talk or Book of Mormon for 5-20 minutes daily. Leer en voz alta en Inglés: discursos de las conferencias o leer el Libro de Mormon por 5-20 minutos Jueves Review DD sheet: writing and speaking each word and phrase, every day (10 minutes). Revisión hoja DD: escribiendo y hablando cada palabra y frase, todos los días (10 minutos). Review Grammer assignment, Prepare Spiritual thought & pray in English once a day (10 minutes) Revisar asignación de Gramática, preparar el pensamiento espiritual y orar en Inglés una vez al día Practice with DONES DVD for 15 minutes a day. Listening closely & practicing pronunciation Practique con DONES DVD, 15 minutos al día. Escuchar atentamente y practicando la pronunciación Friday Viernes Read out loud in English: Conference talk or Book of Mormon for 5-20 minutes daily. Leer en voz alta en Inglés: discursos de las conferencias o leer el Libro de Mormon por 5-20 minutos Review DD sheet: writing and speaking each word and phrase, every day (10 minutes). Revisión hoja DD: escribiendo y hablando cada palabra y frase, todos los días (10 minutos). Review Grammer assignment, Prepare Spiritual thought & pray in English once a day (10 minutes) Revisar asignación de Gramática, preparar el pensamiento espiritual y orar en Inglés una vez al día Practice with DONES DVD for 15 minutes a day. Listening closely & practicing pronunciation Practique con DONES DVD, 15 minutos al día. Escuchar atentamente y practicando la pronunciación Saturday Sabado Read out loud in English: Conference talk or Book of Mormon for 5-20 minutes daily. Leer en voz alta en Inglés: discursos de las conferencias o leer el Libro de Mormon por 5-20 minutos Review DD sheet: writing and speaking each word and phrase, every day (10 minutes). Revisión hoja DD: escribiendo y hablando cada palabra y frase, todos los días (10 minutos). Review Grammer assignment, Prepare Spiritual thought & pray in English once a day (10 minutes) Revisar asignación de Gramática, preparar el pensamiento espiritual y orar en Inglés una vez al día Practice with DONES DVD for 15 minutes a day. Listening closely & practicing pronunciation Practique con DONES DVD, 15 minutos al día. Escuchar atentamente y practicando la pronunciación 20 Si' No 10 Common Challenges Spanish Speakers Have When Learning English While English is – supposedly – an easy language to learn (maybe), every native speaker of another language has his or her issues. Today we’re looking at the common mistakes that native Spanish speakers make when trying to learn English. English learners, take a look – you might discover a mistake you didn’t even know you were making. ESOL teachers, bring this list with you to class. And everybody else, read over these mistakes and be a little understanding when your English-learning friend doesn’t get it quite right on the first try. 10 Desafíos comunes que los hispano hablantes tienen al aprender Inglés: Aunque el Inglés es supuestamente una lengua fácil de aprender, todos los hablantes nativos de otro idioma encuentran dificultades. Hoy en día estamos viendo los errores más comunes que los hablantes nativos de español cometen cuando se trata de aprender Inglés. Estudiantes de inglés, si observan podrían descubrir un error que ni siquiera sabían que estaban cometiendo. Maestros de ESOL, lleven la lista a clase. Todos los demás lean sobre estos errores y sean comprensivos cuando su amigo que aprende inglés no entienda del todo bien en el primer intento. 1. Similar words with different meanings: Librero (bookcase) and libreria (bookstore) are often confused with the English library (which in Spanish is, confusingly, biblioteca.) Aprobar (to pass, as in an exam) is often confused with approve, and familiar (having to do with one’s family) is often confused with the English familiar (something known.) There are plenty of funny Spanish learning equivalents, too: Embarazada does not mean embarrassed. But if you say you’re “embarazada” then you might actually become “embarrassed”, because you just said you’re pregnant! 1. Palabras similares con distinto significado: Librero (bookcase) y librería (bookstore) a menudo se confunden con la palabra en inglés: “library” (que en español es biblioteca.). “Aprobar” (pasar en un examen) se confunde a menudo con “approve”, y “familiar” (de familia), a menudo se confunde con la palabra en inglés “familiar”. Hay una variedad de palabras en español que se podría pensar que son equivalentes en inglés, tales como: “Embarazada” y “embarrassed”. “Embarazada” no significa “embarrassed” (avergonzado). Pero si dices que estás embarazada esto puede realmente hacer que te sientas “embarrassed”, porque usted acaba de decir que está embarazada. 2. Omission of the Subject: In Spanish, the verb tenses change with the subject, so actually saying “I” or “he” or “it” isn’t necessary. So learners sometimes forget that the subject is always necessary in English, leading to sentences like “is always a good idea to eat spinach.” The “it,” because it doesn’t refer to anything in particular, can be easy for a learner to forget. 2. La omisión de sujetos: En español los tiempos verbales cambian con el sujeto, lo cual hace que no sea necesario decir "yo", "él" o “eso” en cada oración. A veces los alumnos se olvidan de que el sujeto es siempre necesario en Inglés. lo que hace que olviden poner el sujeto “it” en frases como " is always a good idea to eat spinach." 3. Gender Confusion – Not that kind of gender confusion. While it’s more common for English speaking learners of Spanish to confuse or forget the genders of Spanish nouns, native Spanish speakers often get confused when it comes to words like “him”, “her”, because the Spanish pronoun “su” represents both the masculine and the feminine. 3. Confusión de Género - No ese tipo de confusión de género. Si bien es más común que los estudiantes de habla inglesa que están aprendiendo español confundan los géneros de los nombres en español, los hablantes nativos de español que aprenden inglés a menudo se confunden cuando se trata de palabras como “him” o “her”, porque el pronombre español "su" representa tanto lo masculino y lo femenino. 21 4. Order of Adjectives and Nouns: In Spanish, an adjective often comes after the noun, while in English that sentence construction would look like something “He had a dog brown.” So don’t be surprised when native Spanish speakers add the adjective as an afterthought. 4. Orden de adjetivos y sustantivos: En Español, un adjetivo usualmente está después del sustantivo, mientras que en Inglés se vería como: “He had a dog brown”. Así que no se sorprenda cuando los hablantes nativos de español añadan el adjetivo al final de la oración. 5. Literal Translations: A common example occurs when learners use “I am agree” instead of “I agree” because they have too literally translated the sentence “estoy de acuerdo” from Spanish. 5. Traducciones literales: Un ejemplo común ocurre cuando los estudiantes usan "I am agree" en lugar de "I agree", ya que se ha traducido muy literalmente la frase "estoy de acuerdo" de español. 6. This/These: Native Spanish speakers often pronounce these two words the same so. When writing, use “this,” and leave “these” for advanced learners. 6. This / These: Los hablantes nativos de español a menudo pronuncian estas dos palabras de la misma manera. Cuando lo escriba utilice "this", y deje "these" para estudiantes avanzados. 7. Make/Do – In Spanish, the verb HACER means both “to make” and “to do.” This leads to sentences like “I make my homework” instead of “I do my homework”. 7. Make / Do - En español, el verbo HACER significa tanto "to make” and “to do” y esto lleva a frases como "I make my homework" en vez de “I do my homework". 8. Pronunciation: Sure there are accent differences, but there are also a few very common pronunciation mistakes Spanish learners of English can make. Some tend to want to add an “e” to the beginning of words that start with “s”, making for words like “espaces” or “eschools.” Others forget or over-pronounce the “ed” on the ends of words, or have trouble mastering the “th” sound on words like “teeth.” (For fun, try pronouncing “teeth” without the “th” sound. You may not want to do this out loud.) 8. Pronunciación: Seguro que hay diferencias de acento, pero también hay algunos errores de pronunciación muy comunes que los alumnos al aprender Inglés pueden cometer. Algunos tienden a querer añadir una "e" al principio de las palabras que comienzan con “s”, haciendo que se pronuncien palabras como “espaces” or “eschools”. Otros olvidan o hacen énfasis en el "ed" al final de las palabras, o tienen problemas para dominar el sonido "th" en palabras como "teeth". (Por diversión intenta pronunciar "teeth" sin el sonido "th". No debería hacer esto en voz alta.) 9. Shortened Contractions: Shortened contractions present another common pronunciation challenge. Native Spanish speakers will often forget to finish a contraction, resulting in “don” for “don’t” or “won” for “won’t.” What might at first sound like an accent difference will become more pronounced. Native Spanish speakers and their teachers should be on the lookout for this one. 9. Contracciones: Las contracciones presentan otro desafío común de pronunciación. Los hablantes nativos de español a menudo olvidarán de terminar una contracción, lo que resulta en "don" para "don’t" o "won" para "won’t". Lo que a primera vista suena como una diferencia de acento, luego se hará más pronunciada. Los hispanohablantes y sus profesores deben estar atentos a esto. 10. Spelling: In Spanish, words are spelled exactly how they sound. They don’t have any of this “silent letter” nonsense found in English, nor do they have words that sound exactly the same but can be spelled three different ways. (For example: “buy/bye/by”). This can lead to native Spanish speakers trying to simplify English spelling in creative ways. 10. Ortografía: En español, las palabras están escritas exactamente cómo suenan. Ellos no tienen ninguna de estas "letras mudas" como en Inglés, ni tienen palabras que suenan exactamente igual, pero se pueden deletrear tres maneras diferentes. (Por ejemplo: "buy / bye / by"). Esto puede llevar a los hispanohablantes a tratar de simplificar la ortografía en Inglés de forma creativa. 22 Answer Key DONES Simplified Manual / Respuestas a los Dones Manual simplificado #2 Quiz- introductions A. 1. name 2. neighbor 3. next door 4. across 5. house 6. city 7. country 8. street 9. last name 10. neighborhood C. 1. Where are you from? 2. How are you doing? 3. It's very nice to meet you. 4. Welcome to the neighborhood. 5. It's nice to meet you. #3 Quiz- Saying a Prayer A. 1. Heavenly Father 2. Holy Ghost 3. Book of Mormon 4. Bible 5. Eternal Father 6. blessings 7. Thee 8. We 9. family 10. Spirit C. 1. Where are you from? 2. How are you doing? 3. It's very nice to meet you. 4. Welcome to the neighborhood. 5. It's nice to meet you. #4 Quiz- Family A. 1. daughter 2. son 3. parents 4. boy 5. girl 6. sister 7. grandparents 8. husband 9. wife 10.brother C. 1. This is my companion. 2. I am happy to meet you. 3. Are you married? 4. Where are you from? 5. Do you have children? B. 1. Yo soy 2. El es 3. yo vivo 4. reunir 5. vecindario/barrio 6. Mi nobre es 7. mucho gusto concerle. 8. Bienvendio al vecindario. 9. Hola, coma esta. 10. Como se llama. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. B. Padre Celestial decimos agradecemos Te pedimos creemos evangelio En el nombre de Jesucristo Sí, lo haría. 9. Te damos gracias por nuestras bendiciones. 10. Te pedimos que bendiga a nuestras familias. B. 1. niño 2. Que tengo 3. El es 4. Ella es 5. nosotros somos 6. los niños 7. su nombre es_____, 8. Tengo dos hermanos 9. yo no tengo hijos. 10.soy soltero 23 #5 Quiz - asking for help w/ english A. B. 1. loud 1. hablar 2. pronunciar 2. quiet 3. entender 3. question 4. significar 4. sound 5. Hablo un poco de Inglés. 5. sentence 6. Por favor, hable más alto 6. word 7. No entiendo. 7. little 8. fast 8. Esto significa ___________. 9. slow 9. ¿Cómo se dice en Inglés ______? 10. conversation 10. Se pronunce o pronunciado________. C. 1. Do you speak English? 2. How do you pronounce this word? 3. I speak a little English. 4. Excuse me, what did you say? 5. Please speak slower. #6 Quiz- Studying the Scriptures A. B. 1. page 1. diario 2. estudio 2. verse 3. búsqueda 3. the Book of Mormon 4. escribir 4. chapter 5. reflexionar 5. scriptures 6. marker 6. Yo estudio las escrituras. 7. topic 7. Estudio las Escrituras todos los días. 8. commandments 8. Mi favorito de las Escrituras se encuentra-9. everyday 9. Escribo en mi diario. 10. ¿Estudias las Escrituras? 10.journal C. 1. This scripture is found in ________. 2. Where are you reading right now? 3. I'm reading in the book of Luke. 4. I highlight (mark) important scriptures. 5. My favorite scripture is found in_______. #7 Quiz- talking about your Health A. 1. head 2. headache 3. shoulder 4. chest 5. fever 6. sore throat 7. nose 8. neck 9. back 10. sick C. 1. I need to go home. 2. My stomach hurts. 3. I don't feel very well. 4. My throat hurts and I have a fever. 5. Do you need to see a doctor? B. 1. estómago 2. mareado 3. Me siento 4. Tengo 5. Me duele 6. Necesito 7. Me siento mareado. 8. Tengo vértigos. 9. Me duele la garganta. 10. Me duele el estómago. 24 #8 Quiz-Talking about Shopping A. B. 1. bakery 1. leche 2. bread 2. carro de la compra 3. departamento de carnes 3. fruit 4. vegetables 4. Compro traducir! 5. produce 5. seguir 6. ella compra 6. groceries 7. meat 7. mostrar 8. cashier 8. Yo compro mis alimentos en 9. Me voy a comprar todas las semanas. 9. aisle 10. ¿Dónde está la leche? 10. milk C. 1. I buy my groceries at the supermarket. 2. I buy bread in the bakery. 3. Excuse me, where is the milk? 4. I go shopping every week. 5. I buy milk and cheese in the dairy section. B. 1. comparatir #9 Quiz- Sharing your Beliefs A. 2. Escrituras 3. verdadero 1. testimony 4. saber 2. Heavenly Father 3. Jesus Christ 5. respuesta 4. Savior 6. creer 7. Quiero compartir 5. prophet 8. Yo creo que Jesús es nuestro Salvador 6. church 9. Creo que las Escrituras son verdaderas 7. prayer 10. En el nombre de Jesucristo, Amén 8. forever 9. family 10. together C. 1. I know Heavenly Father loves us. 2. I know we are children of God. 3. I know that families can be together forever. 4. Do you believe in God? 5. I know that God answers prayers. #10 Quiz-Getting something Fixed A. 1. on 2. off 3. payment 4. the bill 5. out of service 6. dishwasher 7. refrigerator 8. broken 9. stove 10. repairman C. 1. The dishwasher is out of order. 2. Please come take a look. 3. How much will it cost? 4. When can you fix it? 5. Does it work now? 25 B. 1. no funciona 2. fijo 3. Necesito tu ayuda. 4. La estufa se rompe. 5. Por favor, vuelva a encenderlo. 6. Por favor, apáguelo. 7. buscar 8. fijar 9. encender / apagar 10.venir #11 Quiz-Getting Directions A. 1. stoplight 2. map 3. lost 4. straight 5. behind 6. left 7. north 8. far 9. right 10. block C. 1. How do I get there? 2. Do you have a map? 3. I need directions to the church. 4. Is there a Post Office near by? 5. I need directions. #12 Quiz- Renting an Apartment A. 1. house 2. manager 3. for rent 4. for sale 5. lease 6. application 7. apartment 8. signature 9. security deposit 10. not interested C. 1. How much is the rent? 2. I am looking for an apartment. 3. Do you have an application? 4. Tell me about the apartment. 5. How much is the security deposit? B. 1. salida 2. turno 3. ir 4. para conducir 5. conseguir 6. Estoy perdido. 7. Necesito direcciones. 8. ¿Cómo llego allí? 9. Siga derecho. 10.Exit el 6 sur. B. 2. interesado 3. renta 4. buscando 5. avanzar 6. pagar 7. Estoy buscando un apartamento. 8. Estoy buscando una casa para alquilar. 9. Necesito dos dormitorios. 10. Háblame del apartamento. #13 Quiz- Eating at a Restaurant A. 1. server 2. dessert 3. please 4. thank you 5. tip 6. drinks 7. glass 8. refill 9. bill 10. menu C. 1. I need a few more minutes. 2. May I have a refill? 3. Many I have the bill? 4. Are you ready to order? 5. Have a nice evening. B. 1. aperitivo 2. entrada 3. bebida 4. comer 5. orden 6. venir 7. Me gustaría una limonada. 8. Me gustaría tener un vaso de agua. 9. Me gustaría una hamburguesa. 10. Me gustaría tener un postre. 26 #14 Quiz- Public Transportation A. 1. bus 2. train 3. ticket 4. time 5. downtown 6. stop 7. next 8. fare 9. leave 10. last C. 1. Does this train go to the train station? 2. Does this bus go downtown? 3. When does the next bus leave? 4. Does this bus go to the train station? 5. Where do I get off? #15 Quiz- Family Night A. 1. Monday 2. night 3. family 4. scriptures 5. hymns 6. activity 7. game 8. fun 9. lesson 10. cookies C. 1. We have a family night once a week. 2. We have fun as a family. 3. When is Family Home Evening? 4. Will you make some cookies? 5. We learn about God. B. 1. tarifa 2. próximo 3. dejar 4. llegar 5. paseo 6. bajar de (off) / subir a (on) 7. Yo viajo en el autobús. 8. Yo viajo en el autobús al trabajo. 9. Tengo un pase de autobús. 10. Salgo de la ciudad. B. 1. semana 2. canción 3. leer 4. cantar 5. tener 6. enseñar 7. Leemos las Escrituras. 8. Cantamos himnos. 9. Jugamos juegos. 10. Tenemos una lección. #16 Quiz-Healthy Living A. B. 1. healthy 1. cuerpo 2. food 2. salud 3. comer 3. balanced diet 4. vitamins 4. bebida 5. exercise 5. ejercicio 6. gracias 6. sports 7. unhealthy 7. Comemos alimentos saludables. 8. tobacco 8. Bebemos mucha agua. 9. Ejercemos con regularidad. 9. alcohol 10. coffee 10. Comemos una dieta equilibrada. C. 1. Alcohol and coffee are bad for our bodies. 2. Exercise is good for our bodies. 3. Healthy food is good for our bodies. 4. How do you stay healthy? 5. I eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly. 27 #17 Quiz- Setting an Appointment A. B. 1. last week 1. tarde 2. this week 2. temprano 3. next week 3. llegar 4. venir 4. yesterday 5. hacer 5. hoy 6. necesitar 6. tomorrow 7. Necesito una cita. 7. afternoon 8. night 8. Yo puedo venir mañana. 9. appointment 9. Yo puedo venir la semana que viene. 10. early 10. Llego 10 minutos más temprano. C. 1. I need to make an appointment with____. 2. In need an appointment in the evening. 3. I need an appointment as soon as possible. 4. The doctor will see you tomorrow. 5. Please arrive 10 minutes early. #18 Quiz-Emotions and Feelings A. B. 1. happy 1. sediento 2. upset 2. confundido 3. anxious 3. ansioso 4. sad 4. Estoy 5. tired 5. Me siento 6. me hace 6. sleepy 7. molestar 7. nervous 8. Me siento cansado hoy. 8. excited 9. Estoy un poco nervioso. 9. hungry 10. angry 10. Eso me hace enojar. C. 1. Well, you look happy today. 2. What's going on? 3. I'm going home for the holidays. 4. Oh yes, I am very excited. 5. I am very happy. #19 Quiz- Talking about the Weather A. B. 1. sunny 1. nieve 2. ventisca 2. cloudy 3. Hace calor. 3. weather 4. Hace mucho frío. 4. rainy 5. windy 5. Está lloviendo. 6. hot 6. Es un día lluvioso. 7. snow 7. Me siento 8. blizzard 8. Es (está) 9. Necesitamos 9. freezing 10. Me gusta 10. cold C. 1. How's the weather today? 2. Is it going to rain. 3. Do you like this kind of weather? 4. It's going to be a beautiful sunny day. 5. It's going to rain tomorrow. 28 #20 Quiz- Attending Church A. B. 1. bishop 1. Primario 2. counselor 2. maestra visitantes 3. Necesito 3. missionaries 4. Sunday School 4. asistir 5. Relief Society 5. comienzo 6. pertenecer 6. Sacrament 7. Asisto a la iglesia cada domingo. 7. chapel 8. ward 8. La reunión sacramental comienza a las 9: 9. Necesito maestros orientadores. 9. Sacrament Meeting 10. Necesito maestra visitantes. 10. home teacher C. 1. I am new in the ward. 2. I belong to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. 3. What is the name of this ward? 4. What time are the meetings? 5. I also need home teachers. Or I need home teachers, also. #21 Quiz-Offering to Help A. B. 1. load 1. feliz 2. friend 2. hay 3. ayudar 3. neighbor 4. box 4. oferta 5. heavy 5. llámame 6. movimiento 6. light 7. Ayudo a mis amigos. 7. smile 8. this 8. Ayudo a mis vecinos. 9. Ayudo a mis vecinos se mueven. 9. that 10. ¿Le gustaría recibir ayuda? 10.here C. 1. Call me if you need me. 2. I am always happy to help. 3. What would you like me to do? 4. Would you like some help moving? 5. No problem. I'm always happy to help. #22 Quiz- Using the Internet A. 1. menu 2. forward 3. website/page 4. link 5. browser 6. refresh 7. stop 8. direction 9. home page 10. search C. 1. What do you use the internet for? 2. What are you searching for? 3. I click on the link. 4. What web site are you using? 5. I go to the home page. B. 1. tu página de inicio 2. tipo 3. ir a 4. Búsqueda web / Internet 5. clic 6. Escribo la dirección. 7. Voy a la página web. 8. Me voy a la página de inicio. 9. Voy a mi e-mail. 10. Busco internet. 29 #23 Quiz- Sharing your Personal Information A. B. . Estoy 1. feet 2. inches 2. eres 3. tall 3. él es 4. short 4. ella es 5. how many 5. Mi número de teléfono es _______. 6. young 6. Mi dirección es ________. 7. telephone 7. Mi cumpleaños es __________. 8. pounds 8. ¿Cuánto mides? 9. zip code 9. ¿Cuántos años tienes? 10. old 10.I am ______ años de edad. C. 1. I need some personal information. 2. How old are you? 3. What is your telephone number? 4. What is your address? 5. When is your birthday? #24 Quiz- Being Punctual A. B. 1. work 1. reloj 2. church 2. mediodía 3. early 3. dejar 4. late 4. llegar 5. meeting 5. final 6. appointment 6. comienzo 7. clock 7. Llegamos temprano a la iglesia. 8. time 8. Llegamos temprano para trabajar. 9. morning 9. Llegamos temprano a las reuniones. 10. night 10. Llegamos temprano a las citas. C. 1. What time does the meeting start? 2. What time should we leave? 3. What time does church start tomorrow? 4. What time does the meeting end? 5. May I have a ride? #25 Quiz- Strengthening the Youth A. B. 1. evangelio 1. children 2. good 2. útil 3. example 3. amor 4. rules 4. enseñar 5. them 5. conjunto 6. obedient 6. servir 7. youth 7. Amamos a nuestros hijos. 8. parents 8. Enseñamos a nuestros hijos. 9. manners 9. Hemos es tabl eci do un buen ej empl o. 10.modesty 10. Establecemos reglas para nuestros hijos. C. 1. We teach our children good manners. 2. We teach our children modesty. 3. We teach our children to be obedient. 4. We set rules for our children. 5. We teach our children to serve others. 30 Términos para identificar conceptos de gramática CONSTRUCTION OF A SENTENCE / CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UNA FRASE English NOUN: español tiene que (traducir) SUSTANTIVO : persona, lugar o cosa Person, Place or Thing example: King, Santa, Guatemala, car, house Juan lives in Guatemala City. My books & backpack are at home. ejemplo: Rey, Santa, Guatemala, coche, casa Juan vive en la Ciudad de Guatemala. PRONOUN: Used instead of a NOUN example: I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they I live in Guatemala City. She is a very good singer. Pronombre: Se utiliza en lugar de un sustantivo ejemplo: yo, tú, él, ella, ello, nosotros, vosotros, ellos Yo vivo en la ciudad de Guatemala. Ella es una muy buena cantante. ARTICLES: Used to describe nouns example: word "A", "an", "the" The soccer team won the championship last year Red is a color. ARTÍCULOS : Se utiliza para describir sustantivos ejemplo: la palabra "A", "una", "el" El equipo de fútbol ganó el campeonato el año pasado Rojo es un color. VERBS: describes an action, or occurance, or indicates state of being example: He talks to Carlos. She sings a song. Alejandra visits her Grandparents at Christmas. Juan speaks english very rapidly. VERBOS : describe una acción, o de ocurrencia, o indica el estado de ser ejemplo: Él h abla con Carlos. Ella canta una canción. Alejandra visita a sus abuelos en Navidad. Juan habla Inglés muy rápidamente. ADJECTIVE: an adjective is a word used to describe the noun example: beautiful house, tall man ADJETIVO : un adjetivo es una palabra usada para describir el sustantivo ejemplo: hermosa casa, hombre alto Moroni is an awesome (powerful, influential) prophet. Moroni es un (poderoso influyente) profeta impresionante. ADVERBS: an adverb is a word which modifies the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb example: He runs fast, they fought bravely ADVERBIOS : un adverbio es una palabra que se modifica la Mis libros y mochila estan en casa. significado de un verbo, adjetivo o de otro adverbio ejemplo: Corre rápido, lucharon valientemente Los futbolistas jugaron duro para ganar el campeonato. The soccer players played hard to win the championship. 31 Basic conversational phrases for survival / Frases básicas en las conversacionales Good morning. Pronunciacion Pronunciation guhd moorning Pronunciacion Pronunciation booEHN-os DEE-as Buenos días. Good afternoon. guhd afternun booEHN-as TAR-dehs Buenas tardes. Good evening. (greeting) Guhd iveneeng booEHN-as NO-chehs Buenas noches. Hello, my name is John . Jeloo, mai neim is Yon. OH-la meh YA-mo Wahn Hola, me llamo Juan . What is your name? Wuat is llor neim? KOH-moh seh YA-mah oos-TEHD ¿Cómo se llama usted? How are you? Jau ar llu? KOH-moh ehs-TA oos-TEHD ¿Cómo está usted? I am fine. Ai am fain. ehs-TOY bee-EHN Estoy bien. Nice to meet you. Nais tu mit llu. MOO-choh GOOS-toh Mucho gusto. Goodbye. Gud bay. ah-dee-OHS Adiós. See you later. Sii yu leiter. AHS-ta looEH-go Hasta luego. I am lost. Where is the restroom ? Ai am lost. Wuer is de restrum? ehs-TA el BAH-neeo ehs-TOY pehr-DEE-doh. DOHN-deh Estoy perdido. ¿Dónde está el baño ? Excuse me. Ex qius me. Please. Thank you. I'm sorry. Bless you. Plis. Thenk yu. Ai am sorri. Bles llu. You are welcome (it was nothing). Yu ar wuelcom (it wuas noting). deh NA-da De nada. How much does it cost? Jau moch dos it cost? kooAN-to KWEHS-ta ¿Cuánto cuesta? How many are there? Jau meni ar der? kooAN-tohs eye ¿Cuántos hay? There are many . Der ar meni. eye MOO-chohs Hay muchos. Do you want to buy this? Do yu want tu bai dis? kee-EHR-eh kohm-PRAR-loh oosTEHD ¿Quiere comprarlo usted? What time is it? Wuat taim is it? keh OR-ah ehs ¿Qué hora es? Ingles - English kohn pehr-MEE-soh OR pehr-DOH-nah-meh pohr fah-VOR gra-SEE-ahs low see-EHN-to sah-LOOD How do you say maybe in KOH-mo seh DEE-seh maybe Jau du yu sei mei bi in spanish? Spanish? ehn ehs-pahn-YOL Espanol - Spanish Con permiso. OR Perdóname Por favor. Gracías. Lo siento. Salud. ¿Cómo se dice maybe en Español? Yes. No. Lles. Nou. see no Sí. I do not understand. Ai du not anderstend. yoh no kom-PREN-doh Yo no comprendo. pohr fah-VOR, AH-blah mahs dehs-PAHS-ee-oh Por favor, habla mas despacio. Would you speak slower, Wud llu spik slowuer, plis. please. No. Who? Ju? kee-EHN ¿Quièn? Why? Wai? pohr keh ¿Por què? 32 150 interesting words to learn (150 palabras interesantes para aprender) Places (Lugares ) ( 29 words - palabras) airport - el aeropuerto pastry shop - panaderia bakery - la panadería park - el parque bank - el banco pharmacy - la farmácia beach - la playa police station - la estación de la policía cafe - el café post office - los correos church - la iglesia pool - la piscina factory - la fábrica restaurant - el restaurante garden - el jardín school - la escuela School (Escuela ) (38 words - palabras) Accounting - Contabilidad book - el libro Algebra - Álgebra college - el colegio Art - Arte computer - la computadora Biology - Biología dictionary - el diccionário grocery store - almacén stadium - el estadio Business - Negocio Calculus - Cálculo Chemistry - Química Computer Science Informática Dance - Danza home - el hogar hospital - el hospital store - tienda train station - la estación del tren town hall - pasillo de ciudad Economics -Economía Foreign Languages Idiomas Extranjeros Geography - Geografía student - estudiante teacher - maestro/maestra bookstore - librería zoo - parque zoológico Geometry - Geometría History - Historia Math - Matemáticas Music - Música Physical Education Educación F ísica Physics - Física university - la universidad to read - leer to study - estudiar to learn - aprender to teach - enseñar Political Science - Ciencia to draw - dibujar library - la biblioteca market - el mercado movie theater - el cine museum - el museo Business (Negocio ) ( 23 words - palabras) office - la officina city - la ciudad the rent - la renta tax - el impuesto the cost - la cuesta price - el précio bill - la cuenta estimate - la estimación currency exchange el intercambio de modernidad customs - las aduanas entrance - la entrada exit - el salida information - la información to pay - pagar to buy - comprar to sell - vender to cost - a costos check - el cheque travelers check - el cheque de to rent - alquiler viajar passport - el pasaporte to deposit -depositar luggage/baggage - el equipaje paper - el papel pencil - el lapiz pen - el lapicero professor - profesor/a school - escuela test/quiz/exam - el examen to write - escribir Transportation (Transporte ) ( 22 words - palabras) by airplane - en avión engine - motor by bicycle - en bicicleta wheel, tire - llanta by boat - en barco map - mapa by bus -en bus directions - los direcciones by car - en automovíl on foot - a pie to accelerate - acelerar to break - frenar public transport/transporte pub to stop - parar by motorcycle - en to go - ir motocicleta by subway - en subterráneo turn left - dar vuelta a la izquierda House and Furniture (Casa y Muebles ) ( 32 words palabras) house - la casa table - la mesa apartment - el apartamento chair - la silla by taxi - en taxi turn right - dar vuelta a la derecha by train - en tren go straight - ir derecho room - el cuarto living room - la sala kitchen - la cocina dining room - cuarto de cenar couch - sofá desk - escritorio window - la ventana door - el puerto Feelings (Sentimientos) ( 6 words - palabras) happy - feliz angry - enojado sad - triste hopeful - esperanza, optimista friendship - amistad energized - energizado hallway - vestíbulo stairs - escaleras bathroom - el baño bathtub - bañera shower -ducha sink - lava manos roof - azotea closet - armario light - la luz garbage - la basura wall - la pared bed - cama blanket - manta television - televisión radio - el rádio refrigerator - la refrijedora stove - estufa oven - el horno dishwasher - lavaplatos microwave - microonda 33 Index for Grammar Exercise Índice: Ejercicio para la Gramática Pagina 31 32 - 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 Objetivo de este estudio Gramática (Subject of this Grammar study) Simple Grammar Terms / Términos para identificar conceptos de gramática Basic conversational phrases / Frases básicas de conversación (fonética) + palabras adicionales Index sheet for Grammar exercises / Hoja de Indice por Gramatica Singular Noun Explanation / Sustantivos singulares Singular Noun Worksheet / Sustantivos singulares (hoja de practica) Pronoun explanation / Pronombres Pronoun worksheet / Pronombres (hoja de practica) Plural nouns / Sustantivos plurales Plural nouns worksheet / Sustantivos plurales (hoja de practica) Proper & common nouns / Sustantivos propios y comunes Contractions & abreviations / Las contracciones y abreviaturas Contractions & abreviations practice sheet/ Las contracciones y abreviaturas Possesive nouns (1) / los sustantivos posesivos (1) Possesive nouns (2) / los sustantivos posesivos (2) Possesive pronouns (1) / Pronombres posesivos (1) Possesive pronouns (2) / Pronombres posesivos (2) Possesive pronouns practica / Pronombres posesivos (hoja de practica) Linking Verbs / Vinculación de los verbos Linking Verbs & Action Verbs / Vinculación de los verbos y verbos de accion Future tense verbs / Verbos futuros Verb tenses (past, present, future) / Tiempos de verbo (pasado, presente, futuro) Adverbs & Adjectives / Adverbios y Adjectivos Difference in Have & Has (1) / Diferencia en tenemos y tiene (1) Difference in Have & Has (2) / Diferencia en tenemos y tiene (2) Articles / Artículos Words of Frequency / Palabras de Frecuencia Prepositions / Preposiciones Answer sheet for Grammar Exercises/Hoja de respuestas para los ejercicios de gramática Answer sheet for Grammar Exercises/Hoja de respuestas para los ejercicios de gramática Answer sheet for Grammar Exercises/Hoja de respuestas para los ejercicios de gramática Answer sheet for Grammar Exercises/Hoja de respuestas para los ejercicios de gramática 34 #1-2 a SINGULAR NOUNS explanation Sustantivos en singular explicación # 1-2 A NOUN is a word for a person, place or thing Un sustantivo es una palabra de una persona, lugar o cosa Examples: My name is John. I live in El Paso, Texas. I am a student at Rodriguez High School. PERSON PLACE girl - chica home - casa boy - niño school - escuela mother - madre zoo son - hijo park - parque aunt - tía zoo- zoológico Maria San Carlos Mrs. Tom Utah Uncle Joe- Tío Joe restaurant- restaurante THING ball - bola car - coche pencil - lápiz bus - autobús book - libro computer backpack - mochila pen - pluma Examples: Maria lives in Guatemala. Maria vive en Guatemala. The boy and his aunt are from New York City. El niño y su tía son de la ciudad de Nueva York. El niño y su madre están en el zoológico. The girl and her mother are at the zoo. Diego and Paulo sat in the car. Diego y Paulo se sentaron en el coche. Uncle Jorge is from El Salvador. El Tío Jorge es de El Salvador. Mrs. Gomez is a teacher at San Carlos University. La señora Gómez es profesor en la Universidad de San Carlos. Besides naming a person, place or thing a noun can also name a FEELING or QUALITY Además de nombrar a una persona, lugar o cosa, un sustantivo puede también nombrar un SENTIMIENTO o CUALIDAD Feeling fun love fear hope s enti mi emto diversión a mor mi edo es pera nza Quality courage humility kindness honest ca l i da d cora je humi l da d a ma bi l i da d hones ti da d Examples: Mis padres tienen esperanza en nosotros. My parents have hope for us. No debemos vivir con miedo. We should not live in fear. La ira puede causar problemas. Anger can cause problems. We have a lot of fun in Mrs. Smith's class. Tenemos mucha diversión en la clase de la Señora Sm La honestidad es importante en una familia. Honesty is important in a family. Hay mucho amor en mi familia. There is a lot of love in my family. 35 #1-2 b singular noun worksheet Singular Nouns/ tell about a single person, place or thing Un sustantivo es el nombre de un lugar o cosa persona Read the words in the box and then write them under the correct category. Leer las palabras del recuadro y luego escríbelas en la categoría correcta. desk shopping mall (mesa) (centro comercial ) plate Mexico Pablo Guatemala (gato) David pen book (lapiz) (libro) school mother girl (escuela) (madre) (nina) Maria home gym (casa) (gimnasio) aunt computer fork (tia) (computación) (tenedor) U.S.A. Uncle Jorge motorbike (placa ) football California ( futbol) Luis father zoo zoológico Diego (padre ) phone park (celular) (parque) person cat (Tio Jorge ) place (moto) thing ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ 36 PRONOUN 2-1a PRONOMBRES Subject Pronouns / Pronombres personales RULES: Pronouns take the place of a noun. REGLAS: Los pronombres toman el lugar de un sustantivo. Subject Pronoun: A pronoun acting as the subject of a sentence. It describes who or what the sentence is about. Pronombre Personal: Un pronomb re que actúa como el sujeto de una oración. En él se describe de quién o de qué trata la oración. I she her it us you We will begin with the simple pronouns: I You we you(all) EXAMPLES yo me ella he ella him él we nosotros they tú them he she yo él él nosotros ellos ellos it they You are Anna and Axel I am Elli You are Daniel She is Anna They are Daniel, Anna and Axel He is Axel We are Elli and Daniel 37 It is a cat. #2 -1b Pronouns- personal/subject Pronombres personales funcion de sujueto yo I am ill. You tú / usted You are tall. He él He is handsome. She ella She is pretty. eso (neutro) It is a dog . We nosotros We are tired. Nosotros estamos cansados. You ustedes You are angry. Ustedes están enfadados. I It Yo estoy enfermo Usted es alto. Él es guapo. Ella es bonita. Eso es un perro. They are at the cinema. They ellos, ellas Ellos están en el cine. Complete using the correct personal pronoun. Completar con el pronombre personal correcto. 1. My name is Anna. ____ am the youngest in the family. 2. 3. 4. 5. This is my father. _____ is a lawyer. This is my mother. ______ is a teacher. My family and _______ live in a big city. This is Miss Lee, ________ is a teacher. 6. Ellie and Sue are at the park. _________ are playing. 7. Children, _________ are making too much noise. 8. I have a dog. ________ is called Lucky. 9. What are _________ doing, Eva? 10. ___________ is a fish named Dora. 11. _________ am angry with Diego. 12. __________ are my good friends. 13. __________ am playing chess with my friends. 14. What is the matter with __________. 15. ________ would like to speak to you. she, they,you, him, it, they, you , her John and Jill are at the cinema. I are watching a movie. ____________________________________ Anna is not good at math but he never copies others work. ___________________________________ I like my teachers. We teach me a lot. __________________________________________________ I like to learn and so do we. ____________________________________________________________________ Mrs. Smith is strict. I don't like you. _____________________________________________________ The dog runs in the park, they likes to exercise. __________________________________________________ We like to eat lunch together. I share with me. ___________________________________________________ Correct the sentences using the proper pronouns and then rewrite Corregir las frases utilizando los pronombres adecuados y luego escribirla correctamente 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 38 # 3-1a PLURAL NOUNS A PLURAL NOUN IS A WORD NAMING MORE THAN ONE PERSON PLACE OR THING. Un sustantivo plural es una palabra que nombra MÁS DE UN LUGAR PERSONA O COSA. For many nouns you can change singular to plural just by adding a "s" to the end of word La mayoría de sustantivos plurales en inglés se forman añadiendo una "s" al final de la palabra. SINGULAR Examples: PLURAL book books dog dogs brother brothers uncle uncles pencil pencils aunt aunts car cars sister sisters cousin cousins teachers teacher cat cats The pencil is on the desk. (singular noun) The pencils are all over the floor. (plural noun) My sister is in the fifth grade. (singular noun) My sisters are older than me. (plural noun) Our car is in the garage. (singular noun) Our cars are in the parking lot. (plural noun) MORE PLURAL NOUNS Singular noun ending in: ch, sh, ss, x, zz y ends in f or fe SINGULAR glass box dish bench Examples: The glass is on the table. The glasses are on the table. The girls sit on the bench. The girls sit on the benches. Write the plural of each noun Make plural by: add -es drop the y, add - es drop the f, add - ves PLURAL glasses boxes dishes benches (singular noun) (plural noun) (singular noun) (plural noun) Escribir el plural de cada sustantivo lady baby party story city __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ class dress half fox calf __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ 39 library country grocery branch life _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ #3-1b Worksheet -plural nouns "Families" Instructions: Write the plural noun of the underlined singular noun in the 1st sentence on the line at the end of the 2nd sentence. Instrucciones: Escribe el sustantivo plural de la palabra subrayada en la línea al final de la oración. Examples: Erica has one aunt. I have four aunts. Jose has one cousin. I have three cousins. 1. Sylvia has one brother. Hugo has two ___________. ( Syl vi a ti ene un herma no. Hugo ti ene dos ______.) 2. Jose has one cousin. I have two _______________. (Jos é ti ene un pri mo. Tengo dos _____.) 3. John has one sister. Maria has three ____________. (Jua n ti ene una herma na . Ma ri a ti ene tres _______.) 4. Paulo has one aunt. Mateo has two _____________. ( Pa ul o ti ene una tía . Ma teo ti ene dos ____.) 5. I have one uncle. You have no ___________ . (Tengo un tío. Tú no ti enes ________.) Now it is your turn to write about your family! Write the number of relatives you have in each sentence and then select the correct singular noun or plural noun in the ( parenteses) and write it on the line. ¡Ahora es tu turno para escribir sobre tu familia! Escribe en cada oración el número de familiares que tienes, luego selecciona el sustantivo singular o plural correcto (paréntesis) y escríbelo en la línea. example: I have _____________________________(brother, brothers) I have three brothers. I have ________________ ____________ (aunt, aunts) Erica has four aunts. 1. I have _____________________________________(brother, brothers) 2. I have _____________________________________(sister, sisters) 3. I have _____________________________________(cousin, cousins) Answer using the correct singular or plural noun.(See "more plurals" on PLURAL NOUN #1) Respone usando el sustantivo correcto en singular o plural (Ver "más sustantivos plurales" en PLURAL NOUN#1) singular 1. box 2.____________________ 3. class 4. dish 5._________________ 6. bush 7. __________________ 8. mess 9. __________________ plural __________________ sandwiches _________________ _________________ foxes __________________ churches __________________ benches 40 # 3-2 Proper and Common Nouns explanation and worksheet Nombres propios y comunes explicación y hoja de cálculo Proper Nouns A noun naming a particular person, place or thing is called a proper noun. A proper noun must begin with a capital letter. Un sustantivo que nombra una persona, lugar o cosa específica se llama sustantivo propio. Un nombre propio debe comenzar con letra mayúscula. PERSON Sylvia Mrs. Garcia Manuel Columbus PLACE THING Guatemala Monday United States August San Juan School New Year's Eve Disneyworld Christmas Remember to CAPITALIZE all proper nouns! ¡Recuerde las MAYÚSCULAS en los nombres propios! In english all months and days begin with CAPITALS. En inglés todos los meses y días comienzan con MAYÚSCULAS Common Nouns A noun not naming a particular person, place or thing is called a common noun. A common noun does not begin with a capital letter. Un sustantivo que no nombra a una persona, lugar o cosa en particular se llama sustantivo común Un sustantivo común no comienza con una letra mayúscula. The NOUNS written in bold below are common noun. Los sustantivos escritos en negrita a continuación son sustantivos comunes. 1. Sylvia lives in an apartment. 2. Josuah is my brother. 3. My father likes to work on cars. In the sentences below underline the common nouns and double underline the proper nouns. En las siguientes oraciones subraya una vez los sustantivos comunes y subraya dos veces los nombres p ex. My uncle's name is Jorge. (El nombre de mi tío es Jorge.) 1. 2. 3. 4. My mother's name is Erika. (El nombre de mi madre es Erika.) Our family lives in Texas. (Nuestra familia vive en Texas.) My father is from El Salvador. (Mi padre es de El Salvador.) My mother was born in Panamá. (Mi madre nació en Panamá.) 5. Our fa vori te month i s December beca us e we l i ke Chri s tma s . ( Nues tro mes fa vori to es 6. Jose throws the ball at Erick. (José lanza la pelota a Erick.) 7. Mother gave Anna a new book. (Mamá dio a Anna un nuevo libro.) 8. Peter's sister will bake a cake. (La hermana de Peter horneará un pastel.) 9. The cat's name is Tiger. (El nombre del gato es Tiger.) di ci embre porque nos gus ta 10. The teacher called on Gabriella to answer the question. (El profesor pidió a Gabriella que respondiera la pregun 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 #5-2a Possessive Pronouns Some pronouns can take the place of possessive nouns, which are nouns showing ownership We call this pronoun a possessive pronoun. Possessive pronouns can be singular or plural. Algunos pronombres pueden tomar el lugar de los sustantivos posesivos, que son los sustantivos que muestran la propiedad. Llamamos a este pronombre pronombre posesivo. Pronombres posesivos pueden ser singular o plural Example: Juan's mother walked them across the busy street. His mother walked them across the busy street. My students are noisy. Singular Plural my mine A doctor visited your class. His name was Dr. Gomez. her hers his his Our city has many doctors and dentists. its its We owe them much respect. your yours their theirs our ours Unde rl i ne the corre ct pronoun a nd re wri te the s e nte nce . Example: Dr. Gomez talked to (my, me) class. Answer: Dr. Gomez talked to my class. 1. ( My, Me ) fa mi l y l i ve s on a s tre e t whe re a l ot of ca rs d(Mi familia v iv e en una calle donde hay un montón de coches) _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Sometimes George drives us in ( his, him ) car. ( A veces George nos conduce en su coche.) _________________________________________________________________________________ 3. (We, Our) parents walk in the park every day. (Our pa re nts wa l k i n the pa rk e ve ry da y.) _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. My dad says (us, our) safety is important to him and (me, my) mom. 4. Mi papá dice que nuestra seguridad es importante para él y mi madre. _________________________________________________________________________________ 5. (Your, You) family is important. (Su fam ilia es im portante.) _________________________________________________________________________________ 6. The teacher called (he, him, his) class to order. ( El maestro llamó a su clase a la orden.) _________________________________________________________________________________ 7. The students all sat quietly at (his, their, her) desks. Todos los estudiantes se sentaron en silencio en sus escritorios _________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Julie raised (its, her, his) hand. (Julie levantó la m ano.) _________________________________________________________________________________ 9. The teacher said he had finished grading (his, her, their) tests. (El profesor dijo que había terminado de calificar sus ex ámene) _________________________________________________________________________________ 10. The teacher asked if (it, y ou they ) would like to see their test. El profesor les preguntó si les gustaría ver sus pruebas. _________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The teacher gave Bonnie ( she, her our) test. El profesor dio Bonnie su prueba . _________________________________________________________________________________ 12. (She, Her, It,) smiled. Ella sonrio. _________________________________________________________________________________ 13. Finally Bonnie couldn't stop (himself, herself, itself), (it, you, she) shouted, "Hooray!" Finalment ella misma no podia dejar de Bonnie, grito,viva! 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 "have" and "has" page 2 Study the charts on the previous page and fill in the blanks below, using "have" or "has" or "had". Estudiar las tablas de la página anterior y rellenar los espacios en blanco, usando (have, has, had)"haber" o "tiene" Remember! " had"is the past tense of "have" and "has¡Recuerde! (had) "Habían" es el tiempo pasado de "have" o "has" 1. We ____________ a son and daughter. 2. I ____________ a book. 3. I ___________ a good teacher. 4. She _________ a horse. 5. The girls _________ a test last week. 6. You _________ a great smile. 7. It __________ a dog house. 8. Jorge ___________ one brother. 9. Carlos and Dora ___________ a table. 10. Juan and I ____________ have a dog. 11. She ________ a lot of homework. 12. They _______ eaten all the food. 13. We _______ a busy day yesterday. 14. It _________ stopped raining. 15. Elvis Presley _________ many hit records in the 50's. . Words with opposite meanings , some will be used in exercise. Las palabras de significado opuesto, algunos serán utilizados en el ejercicio straight hair curly hair cat dog near far pelo recto pelo rizado gato perro cerca lejos big blue eyes brown eyes old new little ojos azules ojos marrones vieja nueva poco grande short tall rich poor hot cold baja alto ricos pobres caliente frio nice mean happy sad sit stand agradable justo feliz triste sentarse levantarse These are good words to memorize ! Write the answer to the question using the opposite word. Estas son buenas palabras para memorizar! Escriba la respuesta utilizando la palabra opuesta. example: 1. Does Ann have blue eyes? 1. No, she has brown eyes. 2. Do Mr. and Mrs. Gomez have a new car? _____________________________________________ 3. Does John have a cat? _____________________________________________ 4. Who has curly hair? _____________________________________________ 5. Do your parents have a big house? _____________________________________________ Contractions has not = hasn't have not = haven't had not = hadn't 55 #7-2b Articles The articles "a", "an", and " the" are special adjectives called articles. 1. The article " a" is used before words beginning with a consonant. . El artículo "a" se utiliza antes de las palabras que comienzan con una consonante a planet a moon a telescope 2. The article " an " is used before words beginning with a vowel. El artículo" an" utiliza antes de las palabras que empiezan con una vocal. an astronomer an orbit 3. The article " the" can be used before any word. El articulo" the" se puede utilizar antes de cualquier palabra (sustantivo). the planet REMEMBER: the moon the orbit letters that are not vowels are consonants. Underline the correct article or articles ( "a", " an ", or " the ") in each sentence below. Write the sentence using the proper article. Subrayar el artículo o los artículos correctos ('a' un, 'an' una, o 'the' este) en las siguientes oraciones. Escribe la oración con el artículo correcto. (A, An) planet is diffferent from (a,an) star. (The, A) sun is the only star in our solar system. Example: 1. ( A, An) star is a ball of burning gas. _____________________________________________ 2. (The, An) gas is burning and is very hot _____________________________________________ 3. Earth gets its light and heat from (an, the) sun. _____________________________________________ 4. (An, A) orbit around (an, the) sun takes 1 year. _____________________________________________ 5. All ( the, an) planets in our solar system orbit our sun. _____________________________________________ 6. Venus is nearly the same size as (the, a) earth. ____________________________________________ 7.(An, The) sky is full of stars. ____________________________________________ _8. One planet's trip around the sun is call (the, an ) orbit. _____________________________________________ 9. (An, the) elephant would weigh less on the moon than on earth. _____________________________________________ 10. Earth is orbited by (a, an) moon. _____________________________________________ 56 57 58 Answer Key for Grammar ( Simplified Version) Person Pablo David girl mother Luis father Maria Uncle Jorge Diego aunt 1. I 2. He 3. She 4. I 5. she 6. they 7. you 8. It 9. you 10. It ladies babies parties stories cities 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. #1-2b Singular Nouns Place Thing shopping mall desk Guatemala cat Mexico plate school pen California book zoo football home phone gym fork U.S.A. motorbike park computer Theme #2-1b Pronouns and" To Be" 11. I 12. You, he, she 1. They are watching a movie 13. I 2. Anna is not good at math, but she never copies. 14. you, 3. I like my teachers. They teach me a lot. her, him 4. I like to learn and so do they. 15. I 5. Mrs. Smith is strict. I don't like her. he, she 6. The dog runs in the park, it likes to exercis. 7. We like to eat lunch togethe. You share with me.(he, she) Theme # 3-1a Plural Nouns classes dresses halves foxes calves Theme # 3-1b Plural noun "families libraries countries groceries branches lives families brothers cousins sisters aunts uncles singular& plural nouns boxes bushes sandwich church classes messes dishes bench foxes Theme #3-2 Proper and common nouns 1. My mother's name is Erika. 2. Our family lives in Texas. 3. My father is from El Salvadore. 4. My mother was born in Panama. 5. Our favorite month is December because we like Christmas. 6. Jose throws the ball at Erick. 7. Mother gave Anna a new book. 8. Peter's sister will bake a cake. 9. The cat's name is Tiger. 10. The teacher called on Gabriella to answer the question. Theme 4 Contractions and Abbreviations pg 1 and 2 Give the answer using both regular and contracted words. 2. I am in the garden. ( I'm in the garden.) 3. It is in the zoo. ( It's in the zoo.) 4. They are in a restaurant. ( They're in a restaurant) 5. We are in the park. (We're in the park.) 6. He is in the store. ( He's in the store.) 59 60 Cont..#6-1a Linking Verbs 8. Today you ______ going to eat candy. (were, was) 9. He ________ going to eat strawberries. (is, are) 10. They __________ going to the market for fruit. (were, was) Underline the action verb (A) or the linking verb (L) in each of the sentences below. Write on the line following the sentence the kind of verb you underlined. 4 We are going to the park. L 1. Marie plays soccer. A 5 We walk in the park. A 2. She is a good soccer player. L 3. I kick the ball. A Past Tense Verbs 5. Maria smiled at my little sister. 1. Ugo and I played basketball yesterday. 2. I played outside for 5 minutes yesterday. 6. I walked to school last week. 7. I looked at the books in the window. 3. Ellie skipped to her apartment. 8. She laughed at my story. 4. I jumped into a swimming pool last Saturday. Underline the future tense verb in each of the sentences. #6-2b Future tense verbs 6. I will try to get a good night's sleep. 1. Good health will help you enjoy life. 7. I will walk instead of driving. 2. I shall walk every day. 8. I shall walk my dog every day. 3. I will play tennis. 4. I shall eat fruits and vegetables. 9. I will go to the doctors. 10. I will laugh at myself. 5. I will avoid sweet food. Underline the correct answer. Subraye la respuesta correcta 1. I ( will visit , visited) my doctor next September. ( future tense) 2. My doctor (examined , examines) my hearing . ( past tense) 3. A doctor's examination ( helps , helped) prevent health problems. ( Present tense) 4. Next year I ( will read , read) an eye chart to check my eyesight. ( Future tense) #7-1a Verb Tenses: present, continuous, past and future 1 a. I bake good 2 b. I am baking good bread. bread. 2 b. We are eating 2 a. We eat sticky rice. sticky rice. 3 b. You on are sitting 3 a. You sit on your chair. your chair. 4 a. They give food to 4 b. They are giving their dogs. food to the dogs. 5 b. He is playing 5 a. He plays a guitar. a guitar. 6 b. She is driving 6 a. She drives a car. a car 7 b. It is making 7 a. It makes a lot of noise. a lot of noise. 8 b. I am running 8 a. I run marathon races. marathon races. 9 b. They are drinking 9 a. They drink coconut milk. coconut milk. 10 b. You are obeying 10 a. You obey the laws. the laws. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. We have a son and daughter. I have or had a book. I have a good teacher. She has a horse named Molly. The girls had a test last week. You have a great smile. It has a dog house in the yard. 1 d. I will bake 1 c. I baked good bread. good bread. 2 d. We will eat 2 c. We ate sticky rice. sticky rice. 3 d. You will sit 3 c. You sat on your chair. on your chair. 5 d. The will give 4 c. They gave food to the dogs. food to the dogs. 5 d. He will play 5 c. He played a guitar. a guitar. 6 d. She will drive 6 c. She drove a car a car. 7 d. It will make 7 c. It made a lot of noise. a lot of noise. 8 d. I will run 8 c. I ran marathon races. marathon races. 9 d. They will drink 9 c. They drank coconut milk. coconut milk. 10 d. You will obey 10 c. You obeyed the laws. # 7-2 a "have" and "has" 8. Jorge has one brother. 9. Carlos and Dora have a table. 10. Juan and I have a dog. 11. She has a lot of homework today. 12. They have eaten all the food. 13. We had a busy day yesterday. 14. It has stopped raining. 15. Elvis Presley had many hit records in the 50's. 61 62 Enhancing your vocabulary skills sample words sample words Equivalentes: English Spanish ary ario ic ico ent ente ly mente ance ancia ant ante Equivalentes: English Ex. beneficiary Epic Patient wisely Abundance Important Spanish Example Abandon on Abandonar onar conflict flict conflicto flicto Abdomen men Abdomen men constant tant constante tante abort rt abotar tar construction tion construcción ción absolute te absoluto to control trol control trol absorb orb absober ober constant tant constante tante abstract act abstracto acto correspondence dence correspondencia dencia balance lance balanza lanza creation ation creación ación bank ank banco anco credit dit credito dito bicycle cycle bicicleta cicleta crystal stal cristal stal biography graphy biografia grafía culture ture cultura tura block lock bloque loque debate bate debate bate brutal tal brutal tal decide cide decidir cidir calcium cium calcio cio deliberate rate deliberar rar calculate late calcular lar delicate cate delicado cado calendar ar calendario ario democracy cracy democracia cracia calm lm calma lma department ment departmento mento cancel cel cancelar celar dependent dent dependiente diente English Spanish English Ex. Ejemplo Esp. ty dad Opportunity Oportunidad ical ico Logical Lógico ment mento Moment Momento ence encia Presence Precencia ous oso Dangerous Peligroso y ia or io Dormitory Dormitorio El estudiante debe marcar las diferentes terminaciones de las palabras: The student should mark the different word endings: English Spanish English Spanish beneficiario Épico Paciente Inteligentemen Abundancia Importante 63 English Spanish Spanish English candle del candela dela describe cribe describir cribir capital tal capital tal description cription descripcion cripción captain ain capitán án destruction uction destrucción ucción carpenter ter carpintero tero determine mine determinar minar category gory catgegoria goría dictionary nary diccionario nario chance ance chance ance direction ion dirección on character acter caracter acter director tor director tor characteristic ristic característico rístico division sion división sión chocolate late chocolate late divorce orce divorcio orcio circulation lation circulacion lacion dormitory tory dormitorio torio circumstance ancia circunstancia ancia dragon gon dragon gon clinic nic clinica nica drama ama drama ama collaborate orate colaborar orar dual ual dual ual colony lony colonia lonia ecology ogy ecologia ogía combination nation combinación nación economy omy economia mía comic mic cómico mico ecosystem system ecosistema sistema commercial cial comercial cial education tion educación ción complete plete completo pleto effective tive efectivo tivo complication cation complicacion cacion element ment elemento mento concert cert concierto cierto emphatic phatic enfático fático concise cise conciso ciso energy ergy energía ergía confidence ence confidencia encia essential tial esencial cial evacuation friction evacuacion 64 friccion El estudiante debe marcar las diferentes terminaciones de las palabras: The student should mark the different word endings: English esteem Spanish estima English fragment Spanish fragmento evaluation evaluacion function funcion evaporate evaporar fundamental fundamental evasive evasivo gala gala excellence excelencia galaxy galaxia exhibition exhibicion gallant galante exotic exotico gallon galon expedition expedicion gas gas/gasolina extreme extremo general general factor factor generous generoso fantastic fantastico geometry geometria fascinating fascinante gradual gradual fault falta grammatical gramatico figure figura guard guardia float flotar habit habito fossil fosil handicap desventaja, obstaculo fragile fragil helicopter helicoptero hero heroe interest interes history historia interior interior hobby hobby international internacion honest honesto internet internet honor honorar interpretation interpretacion honorable honorable intolerable intolerable hospital hospital introduction introduccion 65 English Spanish English Spanish human humano invent inventar hysterical histerico inventor inventor idea idea invisible invisible identification identificacion involve envolver idol idolo jet jet ignorant Ignorante judicial judicial illegal ilegal justice justicia illusion ilusion kerosene kerosena imanine imaginar ketchup ketchup inmigrante inmigrante labor laborar immune immune laboratory laboratorio important importante larva larva impressive impresionante lava lava supercalifragilistikexpialidosious lavendar lavanda incorrect incorrecto legal legal independent independiente legible legible index indice lemondade limonada indigestion indigestion liberal liberal indirect indirecto license licencia individual individuo limitation limitacion infant infante liquid liquido inform informar liquor licor inhale inhalar literature literatura innovation innovacion magic magico insect insecto magnetic magnetico 66 English Spanish English Spanish insult insulto magnificient magnifico intense intenso magnitude magnitud interactive interactivo majesty mejestad Manager manager nitrogen nitrogeno mania mania north norte manuscript manuscrito number numero mark marca numerous numeroso massacre masacre object objectar mathematics matematicas observe observar matrix matrix obstruction obstruccion medication medicacion occupant ocupante mediocre mediocre offensive ofensivo melon melon official oficial memorable memorable operation operacion memory memoria opinion opinion mental mental opponent oponente menu menu optimism optimismo merit merito oral oral microphone microfono organization organizacion microscope microscopio original original Mister Mister ornament ornamento migration migracion oval ovaldo mineral mineral oxygen oxigeno minuto minuto pajamas pijama mission mision palace palacio 67 English Spanish English Spanish model modelo papaya papaya monument monumento parade parada moral moral park parque morbid morbido part parte mortal mortal partial parcial mosquito mosquito participate participar motor motor participant participante music musica passion pasion nation nacion pasture pasto national nacional pause pausa natural natural perfume perume nautical nautico permit permitir nerve nervio person persona petition peticion responible responsible pharmacy farmacy restaurant restaurante phobia fobia result resulta planet planeta reversible reversible poet poeta revoke revocr politics politica revolutionary revolucionario practice practica ridiculous ridiculo prefer preferir robust robusto preliminary preliminar romantic romantico premise premisa rugby rugby president presidente rural rural prevention prevencion salmon salmon 68 English Spanish English Spanish principal principal sandal sandalia process proceso satelite satelite producer productor satisfaction satisfaccion product producto sauna sauna pronounce pronunciar secretary secretario proportion proporcion segment segmento protest protestar segregation segregacion provision provision sensation sensacion prudent prudente sentence sentencia public publico serial serial punctual puntual series serie radio radio sermon sermon rational racional shorts shorts reason razon simple simple recommend recomendar siren sirena refine refinar slogan eslogan reform reforma sociable sociable remedy remedio solar solar represent representar solid solido republic republica solo solo reside residir solution solucion resolution resolucion soprano soprano respond responder special especial Stereo Sestereo tornado tornado Submarine submarino total total 69 English Spanish English Spanish Suburb suburbio tradition tradicion supervisor supervisor traitor traidor supreme supremo tranquil tranquilo suspension suspension trivial trivial symbolic simbolico tunnel tunel tobacco tobaco uniform uniforme tardy tardio union union taxi taxi universal universal telephone telefono urban urbano telescope telescopio usual usual television television vacant vacante termperamental temperamental vacation vacacion tennis tenis vampire vampiro tension tension vandalism vandalismo terrific terrorifico vanguard vanguardia tolerance tolerancia 70 240+ Verbos de aprender Learning Baisc Verbs: I. Presentamos aquí una lista de verbos a nivel básico. Por cada verbo se incluye: a. Infinitive or Present tense: el infinitivo. b. Future: usualmente se agrega will (por ejemplo: I will arrive tomorrow) c. Simple Past: Pasado Simple (por ejemplo: I arrived yesterday) d. Past Participle: Participio pasado. Se utiliza en el tiempo Present Perfect. (por ejemplo: I have broken a glass) e. Los verbos regulares forman el Simple Past y el Past Participle agregando -ed al infinitivo. f. Los verbos irregulares no siguen esta regla y deberás aprenderlos de memoria. Se encuentran marcados con i. Basic Verbs Infinitive 1 answer Future Choose two verbs from the four verb tenses and write a short phrase. Simple Past Past Participle Spanish answered answered responder will answer breve frase: Please answer all the questions. 2 arrive breve frase: She answered the question incorrectly. will arrive arrived will ask asked arrived breve frase: 3 ask breve frase: asked breve frase: 4 be I will be was / were will borrow borrowed will break broke broken will buy bought bought will catch caught caught will clean cleaned will climb climbed will collect collected came will compose composed will cook cooked will cut cut will dance danced venir componer cooked cocinar cortar danced bailar breve frase: will describe described described describir breve frase: will discover discovered discovered descubrir breve frase: will do did will drink drank done breve frase: 20 drink I composed cut breve frase: 19 do I colleccionar breve frase: breve frase: 18 discover collected breve frase: breve frase: 17 describe escalar breve frase: breve frase: 16 dance climbed come breve frase: 15 cut I limpiar breve frase: breve frase: 14 cook cleaned breve frase: will come breve frase: 13 compose atrapar breve frase: breve frase: 12 come I comprar breve frase: breve frase: 11 collect romper breve frase: breve frase: 10 climb tomar, prestar breve frase: breve frase: 9 clean borrowed breve frase: breve frase: 8 catch I ser breve frase: breve frase: 7 buy I been breve frase: breve frase: 6 break I preguntar breve frase: breve frase: 5 borrow llegar hacer breve frase: drunk breve frase: breve frase: 71 beber 21 Infinitive Future Simple Past drive I will drive drove breve frase: 22 eat I enjoy will eat ate 24 25 will enjoy enjoyed will fall fell 26 will feel felt fly I forget I felt give I found go I flew happen forgot 32 will give gave 33 will go went 34 will happen happened will have had invent invite will help helped kill will hurt hurt know I will invent invented 39 40 will invite invited 41 will kill killed like will know knew will lend lent live will leave left look love hurt invented invited killed will lie lay will like liked will live lived known lent left ayudar herir, doler inventar invitar matar saber prestar dejar breve frase: lain yacer breve frase: liked gustar breve frase: lived vivir breve frase: will look looked breve frase: 45 helped breve frase: breve frase: 44 tener breve frase: breve frase: 43 suceder breve frase: breve frase: 42 happened breve frase: breve frase: lie I ir breve frase: breve frase: leave I gone breve frase: breve frase: lend I dar breve frase: breve frase: 38 olvidar breve frase: breve frase: 37 given had breve frase: 36 forgotten breve frase: breve frase: 35 volar breve frase: breve frase: hurt I flown breve frase: breve frase: help encontrar breve frase: breve frase: have I found breve frase: will forget breve frase: 31 sentir breve frase: will fly breve frase: 30 caer breve frase: will find breve frase: 29 disfrutar breve frase: breve frase: 28 enjoyed fallen breve frase: 27 comer breve frase: breve frase: find I conducir eaten breve frase: feel I driven breve frase: breve frase: fall I Spanish breve frase: breve frase: 23 Past Participle looked mirar breve frase: will love loved breve frase: loved breve frase: 72 amar Infinitive 46 make I Future Simple Past Past Participle Spanish will make made made hacer will meet met breve frase: 47 meet I breve frase: breve frase: 48 miss will miss missed breve frase: 49 open will open opened will pack packed will pay paid phoned will play played will prefer preferred prepared will push pushed will put put will rain rained will read read remembered will rent rented will rescue rescued returned will ring rang will save saved said will search searched will see saw will sell sold rained llover read leer remembered recordar rented alquilar rescued rescatar returned volver, devolver rung llamar por teléfono saved ahorrar said decir searched buscar seen ver sold vender breve frase: will sit sat will skate skated breve frase: 71 skate poner breve frase: breve frase: 70 sit I put breve frase: breve frase: 69 sell I empujar breve frase: breve frase: 68 see I pushed breve frase: will say breve frase: 67 search preparar breve frase: breve frase: 66 say I prepared breve frase: breve frase: 65 save preferir breve frase: will return breve frase: 64 ring I preferred breve frase: breve frase: 63 return jugar breve frase: breve frase: 62 rescue played breve frase: will remember breve frase: 61 rent llamar por teléfono breve frase: breve frase: 60 remember phoned breve frase: breve frase: 59 read I pagar breve frase: breve frase: 58 rain paid breve frase: breve frase: 57 put I empacar breve frase: will prepare breve frase: 56 push packed breve frase: breve frase: 55 prepare abrir breve frase: breve frase: 54 prefer opened breve frase: will phone breve frase: 53 play perder, extrañar breve frase: breve frase: 52 phone missed breve frase: breve frase: 51 pay I conocer, encontrar breve frase: breve frase: 50 pack met breve frase: sat sentarse breve frase: breve frase: skated breve frase: 73 patinar Infinitive 72 ski Future Simple Past Past Participle Spanish will ski skied skied esquiar will sleep slept breve frase: 73 sleep I breve frase: slept breve frase: 74 smell will smell smelled will speak spoke breve frase: 75 speak I spend I start will spend spent stay spent will start started stop will stay stayed study will stop stopped survive will study studied swim I will survive survived take I swam talk will take took teach I will talk talked tell I think I will teach taught will tell told throw I touch try will think thought will throw threw understand I use visit will touch touched wait tried walk want will understand understood will use used wash enseñar decir thought pensar lanzar touched tocar intentar understood entender breve frase: used usar breve frase: will visit visited visited visitar breve frase: will wait waited waited esperar breve frase: will walk walked walked caminar breve frase: will want wanted will wash washed breve frase: 97 taught tried breve frase: 96 hablar breve frase: breve frase: 95 tomar breve frase: will try breve frase: 94 talked thrown breve frase: 93 nadar breve frase: breve frase: 92 sobrevivir breve frase: breve frase: 91 swum told breve frase: 90 survived breve frase: breve frase: 89 estudiar breve frase: breve frase: 88 studied breve frase: breve frase: 87 detener breve frase: breve frase: 86 stopped taken breve frase: 85 quedarse breve frase: breve frase: 84 stayed breve frase: will swim breve frase: 83 comenzar breve frase: breve frase: 82 started breve frase: breve frase: 81 gastar breve frase: breve frase: 80 hablar breve frase: breve frase: 79 spoken breve frase: breve frase: 78 oler breve frase: breve frase: 77 smelled breve frase: breve frase: 76 dormir breve frase: wanted querer breve frase: breve frase: washed breve frase: 74 lavar Infinitive 98 watch Future will watch Simple Past Past Participle Spanish watched watched mirar breve frase: breve frase: 99 wear I will wear wore will work worked worn breve frase: 100 work breve frase: worked breve frase: 101 write I llevar puesto trabajar breve frase: will write wrote written escribir Advanced Verbs I. Presentamos aquí una lista de verbos a nivel intermedio-avanzado. Por cada verbo se incluye: a. Infinitive or Present tense: el infinitivo. b. Future: usualmente se agrega will (por ejemplo: I will arrive tomorrow) c. Simple Past: Pasado Simple (por ejemplo: I arrived yesterday) d. Past Participle: Participio pasado. Se utiliza en el tiempo Present Perfect. (por ejemplo: I have broken a glass) e. Los verbos regulares forman el Simple Past y el Past Participle agregando -ed al infinitivo. f. Los verbos irregulares no siguen esta regla y deberás aprenderlos de memoria. Se encuentran marcados con i. (Se han incluído otros v erbos.) Infinitive add Future Simple Past Past Participle Spanish will add added added agregar apologize will apologize apologized apologized disculparse arrest will arrest arrested arrested arrestar attack will attack attacked attacked atacar will become became become convertirse begin I will begin began begun comenzar believe will believe become I believed believed creer will boil boiled boiled hervir book will book booked booked reservar bring I will bring brought brought traer build I will build built built construir buy I will buy bought bought comprar boil carry will carry carried carried llevar change will change changed changed cambiar chop will chop chopped chopped picar copy will copy destroy will destroy die will die discuss will discuss copied copied copiar destroyed destroyed destruir died died morir discussed discussed discutir dibujar draw I will draw drew drawn dream I will dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed soñar explode will explode exploded exploded explotar extinguish will extinguish extinguished extinguished extinguirse feed I will feed fed fed alimentar fight I will fight fought fought pelear fly I freeze I fry will fly flew flown volar will freeze froze frozen congelar will fry fried fried freír grow I will grow grew grown crecer hate will hate hated hated odiar heard heard oír hear I will hear hire will hire hired hired alquilar hope will hope hoped hoped esperar 75 Infinitive Future Simple Past Past Participle hunted hunted cazar will imagine imagined imagined imaginar jump will jump jumped jumped saltar keep I will keep kept kept guardar leave I will leave left left dejar hunt will hunt imagine Spanish lie will lie lied lied mentir lift will lift lifted lifted levantar listen will listen listened listened escuchar live will live lived lived vivir lose I will lose lost lost perder make I will make made made hacer offer will offer offered offered ofrecer pass will pass passed passed pasar, aprobar peel will peel peeled peeled pelar plan will plan planned planned planificar play will play played played jugar pour will pour poured poured verter put I will put put put poner reduce will reduce reduced reduced reducir run I will run ran run correr send I will send sent sent enviar scream will scream screamed screamed gritar shine I will shine shone shone brillar shoot I will shoot shot shot disparar shut I will shut shut shut cerrar sing I will sing sang sung cantar snore will snore snored snored roncar steal I will steal stole stolen robar thank will thank thanked thanked agradecer warn will warn warned warned advertir win I will win wore worn llevar puesto Irregular Presentamos aquí una lista de verbos irregulares. Por cada verbo se incluye: a. Infinitive or Present tense: el infinitivo. b. Future: usualmente se agrega will (por ejemplo: I will arrive tomorrow) c. Simple Past: Pasado Simple (por ejemplo: I arrived yesterday) d. Past Participle: Participio pasado. Se utiliza en el tiempo Present Perfect. (por ejemplo: I have broken a glass) e. Los verbos regulares forman el Simple Past y el Past Participle agregando -ed al infinitivo. f. Los verbos irregulares no siguen esta regla y deberás aprenderlos de memoria. Se encuentran marcados con i. (Se han incluído otros v erbos.) beat will beat beat beaten golpear will become became become convertirse will begin began begun comenzar bet will bet bet/betted bet/betted apostar bite will bite bit bitten morder will bleed bled bled sangrar soplar become begin bleed blow will blow blew blown bring will bring brought brought traer build will build built built construir will choose chose chosen elegir choose 76 Simple Past Past Participle will cost cost cost costear creep will creep crept crept arrastrarse deal will deal dealt dealt negociar draw will draw drew drawn dibujar dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed soñar fed fed alimentar fought fought pelear Infinitive cost Future dream will dream feed will feed fight will fight flee will flee forget will forget Spanish fled fled huir forgot forgotten olvidar abandonar forsake will forsake forsook forsaken freeze will freeze froze frozen congelar will get got got tener, obtener grind will grind ground ground moler grow will grow grew grown crecer hang will hang hung hung colgar hear will hear heard heard oír hide will hide hid hidden esconderse get hit will hit hit hit golpear hold will hold held held tener, mantener kneel will kneel knelt knelt arrodillarse lead will lead led led encabezar learn will learn learnt/learned learnt/learned aprender will let let let dejar lose will lose lost lost perder mean will mean meant meant significar quit will quit quit/quitted quit/quitted abandonar ride will ride rode ridden montar, ir rise will rise rose risen elevar run will run ran run correr send will send sent sent enviar let set will set set set fijar sew will sew sewed sewn/sewed coser shake will shake shook shaken sacudir shine will shine shone shone brillar shoot will shoot shot shot disparar show will show showed shown/showed mostrar shrink will shrink shrank/shrunk shrunk encoger shut will shut shut shut cerrar sing will sing sang sung cantar sink will sink sank sunk hundir slide will slide slid slid deslizar sow will sow sowed sown/sowed sembrar spell will spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled deletrear spill will spill spilt/spilled spilt/spilled derramar split we split split split partir spoil we spoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiled estropear spread we spread spread spread extenderse stand we stand stood stood estar de pie steal we steal stole stolen robar sting we sting stung stung picar 77 Infinitive Future Simple Past Past Participle stink will stink stank/stunk stunk apestar strike will strike struck struck golpear swear will swear swore sworn jurar sweep will sweep swept swept barrer swim will swim swam swum nadar take will take took taken tomar tear will tear tore torn romper Spanish tread will tread trode trodden/trod pisar wake will wake woke woken despertarse weave will weave wove woven tejer weep will weep wept wept llorar will win won won ganar will wring wrung wrung exprimir win wring Internet sites to assist in practicing English words & phrases Sitios de Internet para asistir en practicar palabras y frases en Ingles Nombre de sito: Direccion en Internet: Cuanto cuesta: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Duo Lengua www.duolingo.com gratis Brainscape www.Brainscape.com gratis y opciones $ ESL www.esllibrary.com $22 trimestre $54 annual English test www.englishteststore.net Examenes gratis Real English www.real-english.com introduccion gratis LDS.org www.lds.org gratis 7. English Video www.engvid.com algunos videos, gratis 8. Perfect English www.perfect-english-grammer.com gratis 9. Curso Inglish www.curso-ingles.com gratis y opciones con $ Estos sitios les ayudaran en su vocabulario y pronunciación! Congratulations on your diligence & progress, while learning Engish. To keep fluent & have confidence, practice at least 35 minutes a day! 78