Mirador Basin

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Mirador Basin 2008
A Field Report of the 2008 Season
FARES/ GHF/ PACUNAM
Dr. Richard Hansen, Project Director and President, Foundation for Anthropological
Research & Environmental Studies (FARES); Senior Scientist, Idaho State University.
Lic. Edgar Suyuc, Project Co-Director (Guatemala)
Lic. Hector Mejia, Project Co-Director (Guatemala)
Partners in Conservation
Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes de Guatemala / Dirección General del Patrimonio
Cultural y Natural (IDAEH)
Global Heritage Fund (GHF)
Foundation for Anthropological Research & Environmental Studies (FARES)
Fundación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural Maya (PACUNAM)
Asociación del Patrimonio Natural y Cultural (APANAC)
U.S. Dept of Interior, International Affairs
Idaho State University (ISU)
Overview
The 2008 season of the Mirador Basin Project was the largest privately funded
archaeological and environmental conservation project in history, focusing on El
Mirador, the ancient causeway between El Mirador and Tintal, and sites in the La Gloria
Forestry Concession and the Cruce a la Colorada Concession. The project provided
employment to 318 workers, 40 specialists, and 22 Guatemalan and American students
from May through September 2008. The project managed to continue with programs of
tourism infrastructure, health, potable water systems, computer systems for schools in
communities, schools for Tourism Guides including the first graduating class of 28
students from the first school of guides, and the literacy and education programs for
workers.
The Project also provided water filter systems for the villages surrounding the
Mirador Basin, together with Eco-Filtros, a non-profit organization based in Antigua. A
total of 108 filters were distributed and training provided for families in communities.
The project continued and initiated major multidisciplinary studies with entomological
(insects) studies of the Mirador Basin by Dr. Jack Schuster (Del Valle), the study of the
flora of Peten with Ing Cesar Castaneda (Trees), the geology of the Mirador Basin with
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Dr. Eric Force and Dr. John Force Dowhenrend, and the ornithology (birds) studies by a
team from Cornell University
The Mirador Basin Project is a major multidisciplinary scientific research and
conservation project of an area in the extreme northern department of Petén in Guatemala
known as the Mirador Basin. The Mirador Basin forms a portion of a large conservation
project known as the Cuatro Balam (Four Jaguars) recently designed by Guatemalan
President Alvaro Colom. The project started as the Regional Archaeological Research
Project of Northern Peten, Guatemala (RAINPEG/PRIANPEG), upon request of the
Guatemalan government in 1988 and currently consists of 52 universities and research
institutions worldwide. The Mirador Basin Project is also sponsored by several prominent
organizations in Guatemala and international institutions, and the project director has
been involved in a continuous research effort in the area since 1979.
The executing organization has been the Foundation for Anthropological
Research and Environmental Studies-FARES since 1996, which is associated with Idaho
State University and the Institute for Mesoamerican Research at ISU. FARES maintains a
close collaborative relationship with the Ministry of Culture and Sports (MICUDE), the
Institute of Anthropology and History (IDAEH), the Guatemalan Tourist Institute
(INGUAT), and the National Council of Protected Areas (CONAP). Financial support
and partnership includes outstanding institutions such as the Global Heritage Fund
(GHF), the Foundation for Maya Cultural and Natural Heritage (PACUNAM), the
Association of Friends of Cultural and Natural Heritage of Guatemala (APANAC), and
the US Department of the Interior (DOI). The Mirador Basin Project also works with
community organizations, the Association Balam and the Wildlife Conservation Society
(WCS). The Project consists of a large team of scholars, technicians, specialists,
managers and students to investigate the Mirador Basin and conserve the Mirador Basin
from a multi-disciplinary effort.
Scientific work and conservation and development programs are conducted at the
regional level to understand the origins of complex society in the Maya Lowlands. The
investigations include studies of the developmental process in the complex social,
political, economic, ecological and environmental context of the dynamic cultural and
natural heritage of the ancient Maya, and the causes and consequences of the decline and
collapse of Preclassic Maya civilization nearly 800 years earlier than the great Late
Classic collapse. The dynamic factors of culture and environment are evident in the
Mirador Basin and specific efforts are focused on the conservation and protection of the
unique cultural and environmental contexts of the area.
The Mirador Basin contains the largest and earliest Maya sites in the
Mesoamerica. The majority of sites date to the Middle and Late Preclassic periods,
between 1000 BC and approximately A.D. 150. The Mirador Basin Project was among
the first to identify the unusual concentration of sophisticated early cultural remains in
the Maya Lowlands, and the first to note that the Basin is a natural and cultural area
defined geographically circumscribed and distinct from other areas the Maya Lowlands.
The Mirador Basin appears to have spawned the first state-level society in the Western
Hemisphere and contains the first system of inter-connecting superhighways (freeways)
in the world.
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The project and its partners seek permanent protection for 810,000 acres of
pristine rainforest, the last large area of tropical forest remaining in Latin America north
of the Amazon. The resultant studies of the social, political, and economic sophistication
of the Preclassic Maya in the northern Peten over a 30 year period have contributed to the
definition of the Mirador Basin as the “Cradle of Maya Civilization. Studies have
identified what is believed to be the names and accession dates of the first Maya kings in
the Mirador Basin centuries before the birth of Christ, and have identified the complex
nature of the settlement distribution of the ancient cities. The research of the political and
social complexity in the area has contributed in changing the entire historical perspective
of origins and cultural development of Maya civilization.
The project has taken an active role in combating looting, deforestation, poaching,
and depredation of Maya cultural heritage and the natural environment through
placement of numerous guards, implementing education programs and vocational
training, as well as providing major employment opportunities. Public films, extensive
publications, and scientific documentaries have contributed to awakening international
interest in the Mirador Basin, and the unusual cultural and natural heritage contained
therein.
2008 Field Season – Mirador Basin
The major field season of 2008 was conducted from June to September, during which
time conservation work and research was undertaken on the cultural and natural heritage
of the Mirador Basin. Because the Mirador Basin project is conducting a regional study,
there were three separate camps in three distinct areas of the Mirador Basin which
facilitated the multidisciplinary research and conservation programs, providing the
scientific foundation that explains the need for protection and conservation of the entire
area.
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Figure 1. Map of the Mirador Basin showing a few of the major sites within the basin
and the lack of sites outside the geographical borders of the area (Map: Accumaps;
Josephine Thompson, FARES Foundation).
In addition, major support has been provided by Global Heritage Fund (GHF),
PACUNAM (Association for Maya Cultural and Natural Heritage), APANAC
(Association of Friends of Natural and Cultural Heritage of Guatemala), as well as that
provided by FARES. Similarly, no one could do this without the valuable collaboration
of individuals and institutions that sponsor this research and who are committed to the
protection of cultural and natural Heritage of Guatemala, with the vision of leaving this
valuable legacy to future generations.
The field research this year faced several new problems related to climatic effects such as
a prolonged drought in the early months of the rain season in Peten. This was overcome
thanks to the water reservoirs built by the project in previous years, which provided the
ability to maintain camps and logistic systems, which otherwise would not have been able
to conduct research.
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El Mirador
The largest of the project camps was located in El Mirador where intensive work
was carried out with the aim of expanding knowledge of human settlement and landscape
ecology of the Maya Preclassic period, with the subsequent cultural and natural dynamics
of the area. This also requires planning of special circuits to accommodate visitors as
part of a macro plan, which allows scenic value to the sites to justify their conservation.
This implies maximum importance to the study and conservation of architectural and
archaeological features and the preservation of tropical forests with the participation of
seasoned experts. The architectural work is coordinated by Enrique Monterroso Tun,.
Lic. Enrique Monterroso Rosado, Licda. Lilian Zea, Licda. Carmen Ramos, Ms. Vanessa
Rodens and Josué Guzmán.
The archaeological excavations included continuity in the research which has been ongoing for several years such as La Danta, Grand Central Acropolis, Cascabel, La Pava,
the Faisanes Group, and El Tigre. Research also began in several new areas such as the
Defensive Wall and the Preclassic residence excavations with potential for clarification
of fundamental questions regarding Preclassic Maya society, or had important tourism
value.
Mapping. The mapping and archaeological reconnaissance intensified with
high-technology Total Station equipment to the north and west of the civic center. An
important suburb of the city was discovered which has been dubbed the Zacalero Group
with monumental architecture 15-25 m high, which was linked to civic center by a large
causeway. This work carried out jointly between the company DEPIC team and mapping
archaeologists Ms. Abel Morales (Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Mexico),
Carlos Morales, Rafael Cambranes and Douglas Maurcio (U San Carlos). The work by
Mauricio also included excavations in the causeway that joined the Faisanes Group to El
Mirador, as well as work in the Faisanes Group in the northwest periphery of the site.
GIS work for the entire Mirador Basin has been undertaken by Josephine Thompson,
including careful coordination of mapped cultural features with aerial and satellite
images. Thompson is responsible for the excellent maps being compiled by the project
on a regional basis.
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Figure 2. Map of El Mirador showing major groups of the site and associated
architectural features. (Map: Accumaps, Josephine Thompson, FARES Foundation).
Central Acropolis.
Structure 313-314, 315. The Great Central Acropolis was under investigation on
three fronts: Structure 313-315, Structure 304, and the Central Acropolis Water System.
The extensive excavations in Structure 313 and the base of Structure 314 was supervised
by Licda. Beatriz Balcarcel, who has managed to identify at least five construction stages
in this building. The building has an interesting history in that the structure has
demonstrated evidence of being a public-religious temple with spacious stairways, masks,
and panels. However, the building was remodeled to include the narrowing of the stairs
and intentional burial of the architectural art in what is being interpreted as the
conversion of a public structure to a private residential building. The timing indicates
complete phase of construction and occupation during the Late Preclassic period. The
excavation of the 2008 season, extended along the base of the northeastern facades to
observe the size and morphology of both the original construction and the remodeling
phases. In addition, evidence was recovered from the last occupation of the structure with
the presence of pottery, lithics, shell, and other objects as a witness of the last day of its
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Preclassic occupation.
Figure 3. Structure 313, El Mirador showing the stablization and consolidation of the
façade of this Late Preclassic building which became an elite palace structure. (Photo:
R.D. Hansen).
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Figure 4. Structure 313, El Mirador, showing excavation of Late Preclassic pottery
directly on the floor at the base of the first step of Structure 314 (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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In addition, excavations were directed on the neighboring Structure 315, which has a
central staircase and the upper chamber. The features known so far show a consistency
architecturally with Structure 314 in its style, form, construction technique, dating, and
general good condition.
Figure 5. Stairway and walls of Structure 315, El Mirador. (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Structure 304. Guatemalan archaeologist Paulino Morales and Kara Nichols of
the University of California, San Diego /Idaho State University field school initiated
excavations on the northern stairway access of the Great Central Acropolis, in order to
expose the architectural features of what must have been one of the most important
buildings in El Mirador, Structure 304. Although much of the work on this low platform
structure had been conducted previously by Dr. Ray Matheny of Brigham Young
University, the investigations conducted by Morales consisted of re- excavation of
excavation backfill as well as horizontal exposure of the massive stones which appear to
have been stelae which had been placed in rows along the edge of the platform structure.
The location of this building, placed precisely at the summit of the principal stairway into
the Central Acropolis indicated an important function for this structure, including a
series of woven mat elements modeled in stucco along the edges of the building.
Additional work on the primary stairway of the platform revealed two major phases of
stairway construction, with the earlier stairway in near pristine condition.
Figure 6. Exposure and stabilization of massive monuments inset in the wall of
Structure 304, located in the center line axis of the Central Acropolis. Additional data
from excavations suggests that the platform was likely a royal throne (Photo: R.D.
Hansen).
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Water Systems. Dr. Craig Argyle of Idaho State University continued
excavations in the water collection and reservoir systems within the Great Central
Acropolis. During the 2008 season, Argyle managed to expose the ornate stucco panels
of profound cosmological significance. Swimming figures of modeled and painted
plaster suggest rich cosmological themes related to Maya water collection as well as
scenes that appear to be related to the Popol Vuh, with particular reference to the Hero
Twins, the decapitated head of their father, and the Maya Corn God. The architecture
associated with these images represent pools, waterfalls, drainage channels, and water
collection mechanisms to capture and beautify water resources near the large reservoirs.
Figure 7. stucco sculpture modeled on the Late Preclassic period, located in Grand
Central Acropolis, related to the management and control of water collection systems.
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Figure 8. Water frieze excavated at the edge of the water collection system, El
Mirador (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Figure 9. Dr. Richard Hansen with the Preclassic frieze discovered at the edge of
the water system under investigation by Idaho State University student Craig Argyle.
(Photo: C. Argyle).
Preclassic Residences (Op. 108-I)
During the 2008 field season, a large horizontal excavation was conducted by
Idaho State University students Stephanie Schrodt and Elizabeth Rosen on a large natural
hill to the immediate west of the 30 m natural escarpment that borders the entire West
Group at El Mirador. The excavation revealed an extensive Late Preclassic residence
with low walls, perishable superstructure, but with extensive deposits of Late Preclassic
pottery directly on the floor where it was originally left by the last inhabitants of El
Mirador before it was abandoned about A.D. 150. This data was extremely important in
helping understand the social, environmental, and economic conditions at the time that
the great collapse occurred at the site of El Mirador.
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Figure 10. Excavation of a Late Preclassic residence by Idaho State University
students Stephanie Schrodt and Elizabeth Rosen, with Late Preclassic pottery directly on
the floor where it had been left by the last inhabitants of El Mirador, A.D. 150.
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An additional excavation was placed beside a Late Preclassic residence at the
edge of the escarpment which indicated a series of major stucco floors, ceramics, and the
antiquity of domestic occupation at El Mirador. The work was supervised by Idaho State
University student Stephanie Schaerr.
Test Excavations (Op. 108 A- M)
A series of important test excavations were placed throughout the site of El
Mirador to determine contemporaneity, distribution settlement, and chronological
affiliation necessary for tourism development and infrastructure. The work was
conducted by students in the ISU Archaeological Field School Program and the
Universidad de San Carlos in Guatemala. Excavations were supervised by Elizabeth
Rosen, Kara Nickels, Megan Pitcavage, Alison Meagher, Laura Velasquez, Monica
Chavarria, Douglas Mauricio, Enrique Hernandez, Stephanic Schaerr, and Stephanie
Schrodt, and Craig Argyle.
Figure 11. Idaho State Univesity student Alison Meagher in a test pit showing undulating
layer of sascab which had been artificially modified by the ancient Maya. Note the
ancient field system on the white layer. (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Tigre Pyramid.
Excavations on the summit of the Tigre pyramid continued during the 2008
season with major work on the upper platform, façade of the principal structure, and
continued stabilization and consolidation of the northern triadic building. Excavation of
the south facade of northern building, Structure 4D3-2 was supervised by Licda. Monica
Pellecer. The façade of this building was heavily damaged and has proven to be a very
difficult excavation, but due to its importance and prominence, it will remain under
investigation until we identify the largest possible amount of architectural features and
provide necessary stabilization and consolidation.
Figure 12. North structure of the triad arrangement on the Tigre plaform
showing mask, façade, and stairway of this Late Preclassic building (Photo: R.D.
Hansen).
Excavations on Structure 4D3-4, a small platform located on the upper platform
of Tigre at the center of the triadic group was continued by Laura Velásquez which, like
Structure 4D3-2, was heavily damaged by exposure to the elements and possibly some
intentional mutilation in the distant past.
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Figure 13. Excavation of the small rectangular structure on the primary platform
of Tigre pyramid (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
Velazquez also conducted excavations at the base of the primary dominant
structure of the triadic group on Tigre, with the northern façade and base of the stairway
exposed of Structure 4D3 – 1, an area which had been previously excavated in part by
Richard Hansen in 1982. One of the important discoveries by the excavations on the
summit of Tigre has been the continual appearance of projectile points, with obsidian
from the highlands of Mexico (Pachuca, Otumba, Paredon, Otumba), and chert points
from the Maya Lowlands, in what has been previously identified as a battle scene
between the Highland Mexicans from Teotihuacan, and the Lowland Maya (Hansen
1984). The extraordinary concentration of projectile points, axes, and destruction on the
principal platform of Tigre suggests that the area must have been the site of a military
conflict, perhaps as late as the Early Classic period, long after most of the site had been
abandoned. Additional studies are now being conducted on the projectile points which
may shed much more information about the use, chronology, and function of the points.
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Figure 14. Small portion of the numerous obsidian projectile points and blades
recovered from the summit of Tigre pyramid. All obsidian was from Highland Mexico,
suggesting a confrontation between Teotihuacan and a small group at El Mirador in the
Early Classic period. (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Figure 15. Small portion of the chert projectile points recovered from the upper
platform of Tigre pyramid, indicating tools of a confrontation that occurred during the
Early Classic period. Some of the points are Preclassic in shape and form, suggesting a
re-utilization of the more ancient points (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
Cascabel
Cascabel Structure 200. Major excavations in the Cascabel Group located on
the northern side of the massive Leon Complex at El Mirador resulted in the horizontal
exposure of the facades of Structures 200 and 204. Structure 200 excavations were
supervised by Landon Hansen and Richard Hansen and consisted of the exposure of a
large portion of the south facade of the building. Excavations exposed the massive
blocks of the original wall as well as the remains of two stairways, mainly at the base of
the building. An architectural mask was exposed at the base of the building which had
been cut in half and partially removed, which served as a for an intrusive tunnel which
penetrated about 3 meters into the structure during the Early Classic period. The reasons
for such an intrusion are unknown, but it is possible that the work was some sort of
looting venture by inhabitants or visitors during the Early Classic period. A tunnel
placed into the building on the west side of the central staircase revealed that the entire
building was built in a single effort during the Middle Preclassic period (600 B.C.-400
B.C.), suggesting that the structures in the Cascabel group are among the earliest in the
entire architectural corpus at El Mirador.
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Figure 15. Façade of the Middle Preclassic Structure 200 showing the enormous
blocks (1.4 m long) set with the long axis exposed on the wall. Note the remains of the
architectural mask in the center of the photo which had been partially removed, and the
tunnel that had been placed under the wall in the Early Classic period (Photo: R.D.
Hansen).
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Figure 16. Middle Preclassic ceramics from Structure 200, El Mirador (Photo:
R.D. Hansen).
Cascabel Structure 204. Structure 204 was extensively excavated during the
2008 field season, with a horizontal exposure of a majority of the south façade of the
building. The work was supervised by Lic. Gustavo Martinez, with the assistance of Lic.
Alvaro Jacobo and Guatemalan student Carlos Castellanos. The exposure of stairways in
good condition, platforms, walls, and facades provided evidence of the sophistication of
Preclassic architecture which had been utilized in the Late Preclassic and Protoclassic
periods. However, ceramics recovered from intrusive looters’ excavations within the
structure suggest that it too, like Structure 200, dates to the Middle Preclassic period,
which makes the presence of these buildings most curious in the overall settlement
pattern of the site.
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Figure 17. Megalithic block steps and wall on Structure 204, Cascabel Group, typical of
Middle Preclassic architecture (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
Defensive Wall
Extensive excavations were initiated during 2008 on the major wall which
surrounds the West Group at El Mirador on the northern, eastern, and southern sides.
This massive construction, interpreted as a defensive edifice, consists of a complex wall
construction 4-8 m high and 20 m wide. The horizontal exposure of the wall was
conducted at the point of access from the West Group to the Danta causeway which leads
to the Danta pyramid. Megan R. Pitcavage of the University of California, San Diego,
conducted the excavations. A portion of the area had been previously excavated by
Catholic University student Elizabeth Chambers in 1980 through 1982, but had been
backfilled to protect the architectural remains. Pitcavage’s work included the horizontal
exposure of the stair access from the West Group, as well as the facades of the wall on
both sides of the access lane, as well as the exposure of the surface of the Danta
causeway. The feature has proven to be complex, primarily because it appears that some
of the stairway providing access in the gateway had been removed by Chambers, and a
substantial portion of the wall had endured considerable damage due to the elements.
Continued excavations in this area are need to resolve questions concerning the
construction of the wall around the epicenter of El Mirador.
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Figure 18. Defensive wall between Danta pyramid and the West Group showing the
stairway within the entranceway that leads toward the Danta Causeway, whose floor is
visible on the right (Photo: Megan Pitcavage).
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Danta Pyramid
The Danta Complex was again the center of greatest concentration of operational
staff, mainly with regard to stabilization and conservation of the massive architecture
with great efforts focused on the upper central structure of the Triadic arrangement,
Structure 2A8-2. Efforts during the 2008 field season focused on the excavation and
consolidation of the upper west façade of the summit structure as well as the stabilization
and consolidation of the northern and southern facades of the upper building.
Figure 19. Stabilization and consolidation on the upper dominate structure of the triadic
group on the summit of Danta. Visible is the west façade of the building 2A8-2, La
Danta (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Basal Stairway. Work on the lower first platform of the Danta Complex
consisted of extensive horizontal exposure of the primary stairway of the building, known
as Operations 402R and 402S, which were supervised by Ana Arriola and Mónica
Chavarría respectively. Excavations continued on the northern side of Operation 402K
with the resultant discovery of heavily stuccoed steps which showed traces of red color,
which reflects the style and decoration of the staircase at its peak function.
Figure 20. Painted steps at the base of Danta pyramid. (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Third Platform, Danta. Excavations located at the base of the third platform of
the Danta Complex located the finely preserved blocks of the lower staircase, as well as
the Late Preclassic wall of the first level, with massive stones placed with the long axis
into the building. The work was supervised by Francisco Lopez, Geovanni Gonzalez,
and Sheryl Carcuz. The excavation also located the remains of a debris and garbage
midden dating to the Late Classic and terminal Late Classic periods (A.D. 700-900)
which provided a wealth of information including ceramics, figurines, bone, shell, stone
tools, etc. in great abundance. The analyses of these materials will provide a broad view
of the lives of people who resided in the area during the later history of the abandoned
Danta.
Figure 21. Basal wall of the third platform of Danta showing the enormous
blocks with the long axis placed into the structure (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Although the lower steps of the third level were remarkably preserved, the upper levels
appear to have been removed during the Late Classic period, either for stone construction
or lime burning activities. A cache offering was placed at the center base of the stairway,
deposited during the Classic period, which consisted of two large ceramic plates placed
with one directly on top of the other, rim to rim .
Pava Complex. Excavations in the Pava Complex, located on the first platform
of the Danta pyramid consists of the horizontal exposure of the upper building of Pava
pyramid located on the east side of the Danta platform. This building, known as
Structure 2A6-3 was excavated along the entire north façade under the supervision of
Ana Arriola and Edgar Suyuc to consolidate existing art and architecture and determine
the architectural features of the building. Architectural elements included well-preserved
features such as the central staircase, the remains of the upper chamber, the poorly
preserved remains of the two large masks flanked the staircase, and the remains of the
walls of the east and west facades, allowing more adequate interpretation of this Late
Preclassic building, which dominates the first level of the Danta platforms.
Figure 22. Pava structure on first platform after stabilization and consolidation (Photo:
R.D. Hansen).
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In addition, excavations were conducted on the staircase from first to second
platform of the Acropolis La Pava, which had previously explored by Wayne Howell in
1981 and 1982. The recent exposure of the art and architecture, directed by Lic. Edgar
Suyuc, found that the first three steps were well preserved while the remainder of the
steps extending toward the summit of the building appear to have had the massive stone
blocks removed, and leaving the molded surface of the fill as indicators of where the
original steps had been. The project took advantage of the previous excavation made by
Howell on the staircase to place a tunnel through the base of the second platform. The
result is promising with the fill consisting of a firm mud and clay base which will enable
further tunnel excavations in the summit.
Figure 23. Excavations on the summit of Pava pyramid by Edgar Suyuc showing
the massive blocks that formed the Late Preclassic stairway of this building (Photo: R.D.
Hansen).
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Mirador-Tintal Causeway.
Also in 2008, investigations continued on the causeway between El Mirador and Tintal,
under the direction of Dr. Thomas Schreiner and Guatemalan archaeologist Enrique
Hernandez. Scientific objectives included mapping, reconnaissance, and excavation of
the ancient causeway system to determine chronology, the relationship with the seasonal
swamps associated with the causeway, and to define the archaeological and natural
features that correspond to the natural and cultural history of the area. A regional camp
was built near a former chiclero stop known as Naranjita, where workmen cleared low
bush and small trees on the causeway so that the causeway was more easily observed.
Furthermore, the location of the tourist trail to the causeway provided a vastly improved
trail where visitors were able to walk in a straight line and on an elevated platform. In
addition, major settlements were located associated with the causeway which were
mapped with geopositioning instruments and planimetric mapping tools.
Figure 24. Edge of the Mirador-Tintal causeway showing the elevation of the feature
over the natural terrain (Photo: R.D. Hansen)
Exploration La Gloria.
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Together with the Instituto de Antropologia and the Departamento de
Monumentos Prehispanicos, the Mirador Basin project carried out archaeological
reconnaissance in the extreme southern sections of the Basin with mapping, excavations,
and stabilization conducted at the sites of La Muñeca, Al Che, El Cedro, La Unión, La
Pailona, La Reforma, Los Torres, La Mazacuata, and El Pesquero. The work was directed
by Lic. Hector Mejia with Guatemalan students Julio Cotom, Antonio Portillo, and Lic.
Boris Aguilar and Juan Morales of IDAEH, and a team of experienced workmen. These
previously unknown major sites are located within the forest concession area of La
Gloria. At the site of El Pesquero, looters had penetrated into a Preclassic substructure
which had a partially destroyed, roof comb decorated with a mask modeled in stucco and
painted. The roof comb represents the oldest such known features on a pyramid to date
in the Maya Lowlands, dating to the late Middle Preclassic period and the early Late
Preclassic period. Emergency consolidation and stabilization measures were carried out
on the roof comb and upper portions of the building, providing a previously unknown
perspective of the architectural sophistication in the Preclassic periods.
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Figure 25. View of the mask and head dress panels of the internal structure at El
Pesquero. The massive cornice is the first of its kind found dating to the Preclassic
periods. (Photo: H. Mejia).
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Figure 26. Portion of the ear spool assemblage on the roof comb at the site of El
Pesquero, dating to the Middle and Late Preclassic periods. (Photo: H. Mejia).
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Environmental Studies
Flora. Among the multidisciplinary studies that are currently ongoing in the
Mirador Basin, the outstanding forestry study by Ing Cesar Castaneda, director of the
Agronomy and Forestry department at la Universidad del Valle, Guatemala has worked
tirelessly to conduct a survey of the entire botanical inventory of the Basin. Castañeda
has worked with the sequence of ecological succession and the identification of macro
and micro flora in the forested area of Mirador Basin, with attention to the five types of
tropical forest found within the natural borders of the area. His ground breaking study
should be completed and published during the 2009 season.
Figure 27. Kantemo tree near Civalito, Mirador Basin, Guatemala. This tree is
one of the more unusual ones in the Basin identified by Cesar Castañeda and his team and
is an important component of establishing macaws due to the fact that this tree is used for
nesting by the scarlet macaw (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Entomology. Biologist Dr. Jack Schuster, director of the Entomology laboratory
at the Universidad del Valle has initiated make an inventory of the entire insect
populations in the Mirador Basin area. This study is expected to intensify over the next
three year period, and even extend it to other fields of biology. One of the most
significant discoveries of the 2008 season was the discovery of three new species of
moths which appear to be unique only to the Mirador Basin. The work on the
identification and naming of the species is currently underway in the laboratories of Del
Valle University.
Figure 28. One of the numerous species of butterflies found in the Mirador Basin.
Because of the varieties of tropical forests within the confines of the Basin, the
biodiversity of butterflies and moths is more evident than other areas of the Lowlands
(Photo: R.D. Hansen).
Mammalian Studies. Work conducted during 2008 by zoologist Hugo Enriquez
Ortiz de la Museum of Natural History of the Universidad de San Carlos has begun a
large scale investigation of a database and documentation of skeletal remains of fauna
found during different archaeological excavations in the laboratory of the project. The
work by Ortiz has identified the species and nature of species recovered from El Mirador,
Nakbe, Tintal, La Florida, and Wakna, and will provide new insights into diet and animal
health and husbandry during the Preclassic and Classic periods. A total of 111 animal
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individuals were analyzed representing 17 species of vertebrates, with 14 species of
mammals, 3 species of reptiles, and 14 taxonomic families. The study also provided new
insights into the ancient landscape systems. For example, Ortiz discovered that the
faunal remains recovered from La Florida indicated a closer relationship to the forest
(Agouti paca) than the species recovered from deeper within the Basin (Odocoileus
virginianus), suggesting that the geographical borders of the Basin served also as cultural
borders. There are few sites to the west of the geographical borders of the Mirador Basin.
Figure 29. Collared Peccary, one of the two species of wild pig found within the
borders of the Mirador Basin, and the prime reason for the concentration of jaguars
within the area (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
Avian Studies. The first of a series of studies conducted by the Ornithology Lab
at Cornell University was conducted during the 2008 season in the Mirador Basin. The
work, conducted by renowned ornithologists Gregory F. Budney, Marshall J. Iliff, Dr.
Eduardo E. Iñigo-Elizas, Dr. Thomas S. Schulenberg, and Christopher L. Wood assisted
by Josephine Thompson and Enrique Hernandez of the FARES foundation. The teams
recorded 184 species in the Mirador Basin, with 156 species noted at El Mirador and 158
species recorded at Tintal. Of the 184 species, 135 were recorded at both sites, while 21
were noted only at El Mirador and 23 only at Tintal. It is estimated that 325 species will
be observed at different times of the year. However, two bird species were discovered
which had not been documented previously in Guatemala, the Caribbean Dove and the
Hooded Oriole, suggesting the biological importance of the Basin as a major reservoir of
bird species in Guatemala. Furthermore, research indicated that a major proportion of
migratory birds from the eastern U.S. fly to the Mirador Basin annually, suggesting the
intrinsic importance of the conservation of the Basin for the health of U.S. bird
populations.
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Figure 30. Ocellated turkey (Meleagris ocellata) which is found in the Mirador
Basin as the last refuge for this magnificent bird. (Photo: M.A.White).
Geological Studies. Geological studies were conducted in 2008 by Dr. Eric Force and Dr.
John Dohrenwend of the University of Arizona and the U.S. Geological Survey and Wayne
Howell and Richard Hansen. These important observations provided the geological and
geomorphologic data for the area of the Mirador Basin, having obtained samples from the areas of
Nakbe, El Mirador, Tintal, and the natural border that surrounds the Mirador Basin. According to
Force and Dohrenwend, “the El Mirador region is indeed a structural and depositional basin in its
Tertiary geology, although it is less apparent in its present physiography” (Force and Dohrenwend
2008). The geological study of the basin is an important contribution in understanding the
geographical nature of the Basin and why it forms an integral cultural and natural unit that is
worthy of conservation.
Jaguar Studies. Studies conducted by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) in the
vicinity of La Gloria and Carmelita, with funding provided by Jeff and Valerie Morgan,
have found some astonishing data relevant to the jaguar populations in the Mirador Basin.
Using camera traps where movement fires photo image, WCS found that in the area of
the La Gloria Concession/Lechugal area in the southern part of the Mirador Basin, a
relatively low density of jaguars was revealed. The study found a concentration of 1.5
+/- .85 jaguars per 100 km2. The low numbers of cats in this area is most likely due to
the presence of a logging road and the incursion of loggers, hunters and poachers into the
area which not only reduces the numbers of cats, but the prey upon which they feed. This
correlates to a marked decrease in fauna, particularly peccary, deer, agouti, monkeys,
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detected by the Mirador Basin Project crew in the La Gloria Concession area during the
2007 and 2008 field seasons
Work done with camera traps in the Carmelita concession area however revealed
a jaguar concentration of 11.28 +/- 3.51 jaguars per 100 km2, making it the largest
concentration of jaguars in the world, exceeding that of the Cockscomb Jaguar Preserve
in Belize (8.80 +/- 2.25 per 100 km2). According the WCS, this suggests that the logging
concession “has permitted the conservation of an extraordinary population of jaguars”
(Moreira et al. 2008: 10). However, the possible flaw in this observation is that the area
has remained roadless until only recently, when the concession first began putting
logging roads into the area. The relative isolation of this area, comparable with the
Gallon Jug Area of northwest Belize, is one of the factors for the success of the jaguar
populations in the Mirador area. It is also likely that the concentration of jaguars has
been the result of the rampant deforestation to the west of the Mirador Basin, forcing a
refuge for survivors of the onslaught of wholesale slash and burn deforestation and
depredation in the western Peten. The northern part of the Mirador Basin has an
abundance of the peccaries and white tailed deer, which can accommodate the high
jaguar populations found within the area.
Figure 31. The highest concentration of jaguars in the world are located in the Mirador
Basin. It is suggested that the relative isolation of the area, the settlement of refugees
from the total destruction to the west, and the abundance of prey are key factors in the
dense numbers of jaguars (Photo: R,.D. Hansen).
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Figure 32. Two jaguar paw prints on the Danta causeway at El Mirador in 2008 is
characteristic of the dense concentration of jaguars in the Mirador Basin area (Photo:
R.D. Hansen).
Social/ Educational/Developmental Programs
An important component of the research and conservation work in the Mirador
Basin has been the social, educational, and developmental work with the communities
that surround the Mirador Basin. The purpose of such activity is provide economic
alternatives to the negative forces that wreck havoc on the environment, the
archaeological sites, and individual lives and families. It has been tremendously
gratifying to see the achievements and accomplishments of people who traditionally have
had so little hope. The opportunities that are provided by the project represent a major
advantage for the protection and preservation area, and represent a real solution to many
of the problems facing Guatemala and the Lowland communities that live adjacent to the
Mirador Basin region.
Computer training for Villages. The Mirador Basin project provided a trained
computer teacher (Elvis Tun Marin) for the communities of Carmelita, Cruce a la
Colorada, and Dos Aguadas, with classes taught in Carmelita to 42 children from 2nd
through the 6th grades from September to December 2008. In addition, 6 adolescent
female and 10 male students are also enrolled in computer classes, and efforts are
underway to incorporate evening classes for adults in the village of Carmelita.
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Figure 31. Computers provided by FARES, GHF, PACUNAM, and the Acts of
Kindness Foundation (AOK) have provided new dreams and new opportunities for
students in the villages surrounding the Mirador cultural and natural area. A special
thank you to Terry Young for his willingness to collect, refurbish, and transport the
materials to Guatemala. (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
Literacy and Educational Training. Mirador Basin Project taught literacy
courses to 111 workmen, with the majority learning to read and write their names, read
elementary texts, and able to read and write numbers. Math courses also taught for basic
home and business financial calculations. In addition, educational classes are taught to
all 300 workmen on subjects ranging from history, ecology, financial consulting,
hygiene, health and first aid, archaeology, photography, ethnohistory, investment
strategies, botany, and biology. Courses are taught by project staff in the evenings.
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Figure 32. Educational classes form an important component of the workers’ experience
with the Mirador Basin project, providing training and instruction on a host of subjects
(Photo: L.J. Hansen).
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Figure 33. Literacy programs taught by members of the Mirador Basin project allow new
vocational opportunities for workmen and a new sense of identity and self worth (Photo:
R.D. Hansen).
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Figure 34. Some of the graduates of the CONALFA literacy program at El Mirador.
{Photo: BBalcarcel).
Eco-filters for Water Purification, Villages. Mirador Basin Project and EcoFiltros de Guatemala joined together in distributing 108 filters to communities of
Carmelita and Uaxactun. The project was coordinated by Josephine Thompson of
FARES, and Maribel Ixcajoc Arévalo which included important training, hygiene, and
use of the filter system so as to improve the health situations in the communities. This
project was made possible by the generous donations of Eco-Filtros, and the support of
the key partners of the Mirador Basin Project, including GHF, FARES, and PACUNAM.
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Figure 35. Josephine Thompson of FARES delivers water filter kits to the village of
Uaxactun.
Figure 36. Maribel Ixcajoc prepares the community of Carmelita with water filters to
improve health and hygiene in the village (Photo: J. Thompson).
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Interpretive Panels/ Information Systems/ Tourist
Accessibility
The 2008 season provided the first installation of the interpretive panels designed
by the U.S. Department of the Interior, the FARES Foundation, and the Mirador Basin
Project with the approval of the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia (IDAEH) of
Guatemala. These panels were designed after lengthy investigation and interaction
between Rebecca Wiles, Cynthia Perera, Wayne Howell, Richard Hansen, Edgar Suyuc,
Adelzo Pozuelos, Enrique Hernandez, Nora Lopez, Josie Thompson, Salvador Lopez,
and others with the idea of creating informative information by using excellent materials
that would withstand the rigorous environmental conditions as well as provide the visitor
with meaningful interpretation. The first groups of panels were placed in Flores,
Carmelita, and El Mirador, while additional panels are being prepared for many more
sites and locations of cultural and environmental interest in the Mirador Basin.
Figure 37. Interpretive panel at the base of the Jaguar Paw Temple (Structure 34), El
Mirador with APANAC Vice President Nini Berger (Photo: R.D. Hansen)
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Figure 38. Interpretive panel at the base of Tigre pyramid. (Photo: R.D. Hansen).
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Figure 39. Interpretive and sponsor recognition panels near the heliport at El Mirador
(Photo: R.D. Hansen).
Figure 40. Interpretive panels in Carmelita (Photo: S. Lopez).
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Figure 41. Interpretive panels and visitor introduction to Carmelita (Photo: S. Lopez).
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Figure 42. Information at the inauguration of the computer classes and tourist guide
training program in Carmelita in September 2008. (Photo: S. Lopez).
Figure 43. Community awareness of the relationship between forest conservation and the
archaeological heritage is evident on this wall, painted by children on the school at
Carmelita (Photo: Salvador Lopez).
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2008 Summary: El Mirador, Tintal-Mirador
Causeway, La Gloria.
El Mirador.
During the 2008 field season, the project succeeded in the
excavation, stabilization, consolidation, and public exposure of
numerous structures, causeways, architectural art, and archaeological
features in the site of El Mirador:
La Danta Pyramid
Continuing stabilization and consolidation of the upper, primary structure of Danta
pyramid; scaffolding and construction platforms utilized. Western façade, north wall,
south wall stabilized.
Excavation and stabilization of the facade of the Third Level, Operations 601B, 400TT,
400 VV
Exhibiting facade masks, main staircase, offerings and burials.
,Repairing and stabilizing the wood staircase to access city
Tigre Pyramid (West Group)
Excavation of the facades, platforms, stairs of triadic structures on primary platform.
The main platform of Structure 4D3-1, 4D3-2 4D3-4; Consolidation and stabilization.
Construction of ramp up north side of Tigre for mortar, stone, and lime elevation from
ground level to upper platform.
Structure 34, (Temple of Jaguar Claw) - Consolidation of tunnel and masks,
environmental monitoring with electronic equipment.
Excavation, stabilization and consolidation of the northwest corner of Structure 34
exposing the corner and stabilizing major blocks in the wall.
Structure 304 (Acropolis Central) –Excavation of previous excavations done in
1980’s. New horizontal and vertical excavations; excavation of the northern stairway of
the Central Acropolis. Stabilization and consolidation of the stela platform.
Water System (Central Acropolis) (Operation 610) – Excavation and
Stabilization of Panels / and Water Sculptures; Pending major conservation initiatives.
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Structure 200 (Cascabel) - Exposure of the façade, masks. staircase, and excavation
of an exploratory tunnel; Earliest structure yet identified on the surface at El Mirador,
early occupations of Middle Preclassic El Mirador
Structure 204 (Cascabel) - Exposure of the façade, staircase, several terraces
architecture and architectural art
Structure 313-314 (Central Acropolis) - Exposing the basal facade of this
structure
Structure 315 (Central Acropolis) – Exposing the Staircase, Fourth upper facade
Defensive Walls (Operation 130)- First permanent exhibition of the defensive
wall and Calzada Danta
Grupo La Pava (Operations 403 and 406)- Consolidation of the basal stairway
of La Danta exposing and consolidating stairways, and new visitor access (wooden stairs
to summit and main platforms)
Pava Pyramid – Consolidation of the main building top of the pyramid Pava and
masks and stairs
Test excavations throughout the site El Mirador (Operations 108 A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N);.
Preclassic residence excavations. (Op. 108-I, 108K; Faisanes Group).
Horizontal excavations of a Late Preclassic residence with ceramics directly in situ on
floors, indicating the last day of occupation at El Mirador before it was abandoned.
Excavations in Faisanes Group (Operations 602 BB, G, H, I, J).
Preclassic residence architecture, Faisanes-Mirador causeway excavations.
Mapping: Continuation of use of high-tech Total Station equipment. Focus was on
areas to the north and west, with identification of new architectural groups with structures
greater than 25 meters located on the edge of the low, indicating that the civic center was
much larger than thought. Massive Preclassic residence construction
El Mirador – Tintal Causeway- Clearing of all underbrush for 25 kilometers,
and changing the primary trail to Mirador to the causeway; Identification and mapping of
major sites associated with the causeway (La Naranjita); test pit excavations, load and
structural stability analysis started. Excavations placed to determine nature and form of
causeway construction; Monuments located on causeway.
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Explorations, excavations, investigations, mapping in the La
Gloria Area:
Explorations, excavations, mapping at the previously unknown major sites of La
Muñeca, Al Che, El Cedro, La Union, La Pailona, La Reforma, Los Torres, La
Mazacuata, El Pesquero. First time identification for these major sites, all with
monumental architecture and complex settlement patterns.
Major discovery of Middle Preclassic occupation, art and architecture of worldclass status at the site of El Pesquero.
Social /Educational/ Developmental Programs Summary
Computer training for Villages. The Mirador Basin project provided a trained
computer teacher (Elvis Tun Marin) for the communities of Carmelita, Cruce a la
Colorada, and Dos Aguadas, with classes taught in Carmelita to 42 children from 2nd
through the 6th grades from September to December 2008. In addition, 6 adolescent
female and 10 male students are also enrolled in computer classes, and efforts are
underway to incorporate evening classes for adults in the village of Carmelita.
Literacy and Educational Training. Mirador Basin Project taught literacy
courses to 111 workmen, with the majority learning to read and write their names, read
elementary texts, and able to read and write numbers. Math courses also taught for basic
home and business financial calculations.
Eco-filters for Water Purification, Villages. Mirador Basin Project and EcoFiltros de Guatemala joined together in distributing 108 filters to communities of
Carmelita and Uaxactun.
Interpretive Panels in Flores, Carmelita, El Mirador. The Mirador Basin
Project, FARES, GHF, PACUNAM, APANAC, IDAEH and the U.S. Department of
Interior (DOI) worked together to organize and place the interpretive panels in Flores,
Carmelita and El Mirador. Many more panels are currently being prepared for placement
throughout the Mirador area. Panels were written by the Mirador Basin Project, designed
by DOI, fabricated by KVO industries, shipped to Guatemala by DOI, transported by
the Mirador Basin project from Guatemala to Carmelita and then by helicopter to El
Mirador, and, finally installed by the Mirador Basin project with protective polycarbonate
roofs over each panel to protect them from elements and sunlight. The interpretive
panels represent the finest technology currently available, and the quality of the panels is
exemplary. Additional panels are currently being written and designed for placement
throughout the Basin to maintain consistency and quality throughout the entirety of the
area.
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Mirador 2008 Expense Summary
Includes all labor, materials & transportation for 318+ workers
2008 Costs
Monument Conservation
La Danta Pyramid (123 workers x Q100 (av)x 90 days)….. $151,643 (Q7.3/$1)
Conservation staff (Enrique Monterroso Tun,
Enrique Monterroso Rosado, 9 masons…………… $70,000
8 plaster conservators ($1500 (av) x 3 mo………….$36,000
El Tigre Pyramid (29 workers x Q100 (av) x 90 days………$36,249
Central Acropolis (32 workers x Q80 (av) x 90 days……
$31,561
Cascabel (22 workers x Q100 (av) x 90 days………….
$27,123
Structure 34 (9 workers x Q100 av x 35 days)…………
$4315
Defensive wall (9 workers x Q80 x 75 days)………..
$7397
Pava Pyramid (22 workers x Q100 av x 90 days)…….
$27123
La Gloria exploration, excavation, consolidation 25 x Q80.. $24,675
El Mirador-Tintal Causeway (25 workers x Q100 x 90 days) $30,821
Professional staff/students, Guatemala………………….
478,000
Laboratory Guatemala………………………………….
$14,945
Laboratory US (includes utilities)………………………… $20,906
Mules…………………………………………………..
$61,450
Insurance……………………………………………….
$7,568
Mirador Food: 380 workers/staff x$5 x 90 days………… $171,000
Per diem paid……………………………………………… $2877
Water collection infrastructure +(10 workers x Q100 x 90)…23,328
Mapping : El Mirador – Total Station (2 x $8500 x 3 mo)…. $64,560
Total conservation programs………………………………$1,281,541
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Site Infrastructure
Interpretation Signage & Roofing
Lodges (2)
$15,000
$11,000
Laboratory
$12,000
Dining Hall & Kitchen
$ 4,000
Storage Building (Replacement)
$ 4,000
Water Cistern (22,000 gallons)
$12,000
Generators (2)
$ 3,000
Total Infrastructure……………………………………….
$61,000
Community Development – Carmelita, Dos Aguadas, Cruce a la Colorada, El
Pescadito, El Tigre, Uaxactun
Computer Systems (72) installed (Carmelita, la Pasadita, Cruce a la Colorada, Dos
Aguadas, El Tigre, Uaxactun and Trainer
$24,000
Water Filters (108) travel/ per diem, hotel
Donated/ $1850
Guide Association Training (28 Guides)
$9,550
Community Roundtable Workshops
$8,000
Worker Literacy Training (340+ persons)
$12,000
Other Community Development
$6,000
Total Community Development
$ 61,400
Helicopters: project and fundraising
$ 182,000
Travel in Guatemala
$16, 935
US staff/personnel Travel…
$125,662
Total 2008 Expenses
$1,728, 538
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2008 Accomplishments and Progress: the
Macro Perspective
The key partners (GHF, PACUNAM, FARES) of the Mirador Basin Project have brought
to the world a new model for conservation and preservation of cultural and natural
heritage. Extensive research and discoveries in 2007 and 2008 have shown that the
Mirador area is:
The largest concentration of ancient Maya cities in the Western Hemisphere.
The earliest Maya cities in the world.
Among the largest pyramids in volume in the world
The first freeway system in the world
The first political and economic state-level society in the Western Hemisphere.
The Cradle of Maya Civilization, one of five founding complex civilizations in the world.
Extraordinary art and architecture of world-class status
The last tract of tropical rainforest left in Central America (810,000 acres) as a final
refuge for tropical flora and fauna. This area is under extreme threat from narcotics
dealers, drug buying cattle operations requiring clear cutting of vast tracts of tropical
forest, looters, poachers, and clear-cutting intrusive settlers.
Project Achievements to date in 2008
a) Securing over $1.735 Million in funding in 2008, one of the largest
archaeological/environmental projects in the world.
b) Project has the active sponsorship of the Foundation for Anthropological
Research & Enviromental Studies (FARES), the Global Heritage Fund (GHF),
and the Fundación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural Maya (PACUNAMFoundation for Maya Cultural and Natural Heritage), a Guatemalan non-profit
organization supported by a partnership of the leading corporations in Central
America,. The project is also working closely with the Asociación del Amigos
del Patrimonio Natural y Cultural (APANAC- Association of Friends of the
Natural and Cultural Heritage of Guatemala), and the U.S. Department of Interior.
c) First identification of the Mirador Basin as a world-class caliber geographic
and geological phenomenon of singular cultural and natural importance.
d) Nearly 30 years of consistent scientific investigation in the area, with the
project director working in the Mirador Basin since 1979.
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e) Publication of more than 183 scientific papers, books, and 496 technical
manuscripts, and more than 374 formal public presentations throughout the
world.
f) First project to employ guards (28) since 1992 until 2007 to protect the sites of
El Mirador, Pedernal, Nakbe, La Florida, and Xulnal. The project has
invested US$1,344,000 in guards to protect and defend the archaeological
sites and their natural environment. The project currently employs 10 guards
in the Basin from the communities of Carmelita, Pasadita, San Benito, and
San Andres as part of the support system for the guards that IDAEH (Instituto
de Antropología e Historia-the national authority responsible for
Anthropology and History) now sponsors. The only project in the history of
Guatemala to have paid for protection of so many sites for so many years.
g) Organization and deployment of an outstanding research team of experts,
technicians, and students from 52 universities and research institutions
throughout the world who are investigating the basin from a regional cultural
and ecological perspective and through a variety of disciplines.
h) Permanent establishment of a laboratory to analyze, classify, and interpret the
archaeological materials in Guatemala City since 1989.
i) Identification and scientific investigation of a unique concentration of the
earliest ancient Maya cities in Mesoamerica.
j) Identification and mapping of some of the largest ancient sites in the Western
Hemisphere.
k) Identification, investigation, and mapping of massive ancient buildings which
rank among the largest in the world.
l) Identification, investigation and mapping of the first “freeway system”
(causeways) in the world.
m) Identification of the home of the first “state level” political and economic
society in the Western Hemisphere.
n) Identification of data that would allow the Mirador Basin to be considered as
the “Cradle of Maya Civilization.”
m) First exploration and detailed mapping of 43 ancient sites to date within the
basin, with test excavations and mapping in the sites of de Xulnal, Tintal, El Mirador, El
Resbalon, El Ramonal, Xtabay, Tamazul, Chab Che, Las Ilusiones, Wakna, Xulbil, Hun
Zacatal, Ka Zacatal, Ox Zacatal. Lechugal, La Tortuga, Puctealito, La Vacinilla,
Porvenir, La Iglesia, Ixtanche, La Ceibita, El Guiro, El Camotillo, La Sarteneja, Naba,
Bejucal, La Muralla, La Isla, Pedernal, La Muerta, El Chiquero, El Pesquero, La
Ciudadela, La Muñeca, Al Che, El Cedro, La Union, La Pailona, La Reforma, Los
Torres, La Mazacuataand Naranjita
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n)
First project in Guatemala to incorporate sophisticated leading edge
technologies (Total Station and Laser Scanners) in the mapping of ancient Maya
cities.
o) First consolidation and stabilization of Preclassic and Classic period
architecture in the Mirador Basin.
p) Integration and training of more than 87 Guatemalan archaeologists, students,
technicians, and specialists.
q) Active participation of 52 universities and research institutions from
throughout the world with the participation of 175 experts and technicians.
r) Employment of up to 340 Guatemalan workmen for periods from three to
eight months. The communities of Carmelita, La Pasadita, Dos Aguadas, La
Colorado, San Andres, San Benito, Coban, and Uaxactun are benefiting from
quality jobs created by the Project.
s) Only project to hire the elderly for specialized tasks in archaeological sites.
t) Project incorporates heavy vocational training for specialized employment
such as restoration and consolidation of Preclassic architecture, treatment of
stucco, masonry, stone and mortar working, and architectural stabilization and
maintenance. Project has consistently paid above market salaries.
u) Project has purchased and delivered mules (5), horses (2), harnesses, saddles,
bags, camping equipment, water tanks, electric generators, radios, food
supplies, tarps, tends, and motorcycles ( 2 Honda Fat Cats) for IDAEH offices
in Flores and the guards of the Mirador Basin.
v) Project has purchased two structures and real estate in Carmelita for the use
by project personnel and IDAEH (Institute of Anthropology and History)
guards.
w) Contractual employment of up to 120 mules for transportation of goods and
commodities into the Basin for three to eight months providing crucial income
for poor communities.
x) Major experimental achievements in consolidation and stabilization of
Preclassic art and architecture, with innovations being studied by UNESCO,
the U.S. Library of Congress, and the Getty Conservation Institute.
y) Among the first projects to incorporate cultural, geological, and
environmental data in a comprehensive multidisciplinary investigation
program, incorporating biological, environmental, and ecological data with
cultural perspectives.
z) First project to develop literacy and education programs for Maya workers
with intensive literacy courses in the evenings (Plan CONALFA). Vocational
training for workers includes manufacture and management of mortars,
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plasters, stuccos, and stone for architectural stabilization, conservation, and
long term preservation.
aa) First archaeological project to develop education programs for communities,
having placed 72 computers to date in the public school systems in the
villages of Dos Aguadas, Cruce a la Colorada, La Pasadita, Carmelita, and
Uaxactun. This effort has been supported by the AOK Foundation and the
Global Heritage Fund.
bb) Project and Idaho State University provided the first computerized system for
the National Museum of Anthropology and Ethnology of Guatemala with
video, digital cameras, hard drives, printers, and computers for the
registration of the collection of archaeological pieces in the museum.
cc) Project provided the first computers (Mac) for the Institute of Anthropology
and History of Guatemala (IDAEH).
dd) One of the first projects to provide private insurance and health care
programs for employees.
ee) Designed and delivered architectural plans for museums and visitors center in
Carmelita, Uaxactun and Flores. Plans are registered with INGUAT.
ff) First project to encourage and unify the major industries and companies of
Guatemala into a single foundation entity (PACUNAM), exclusively for the
investigation, development, and conservation of the Mirador Basin.
gg) Featured and participation in more than 14 scientific and public film
documentaries
hh) First active project to establish its own museum (Mirador Basin Museum,
Zona 6, La Pedrera, Museo Carlos F. Novella) with the Fundación Carlos F.
Novella, Cementos Progreso, IDAEH, and the FARES Foundation for the
exposition of artifacts and information about the investigations in the Mirador
Basin.
ii) First archaeological and scientific research project to establish a Conservation
Incentives program for a logging concession to compensate villagers for the
conservation of the concession area in the Mirador Basin. Funding has been
secured for 20 years.
jj) First project to have two project members awarded the National Order of the
Guatemalan Cultural Heritage by a President of Guatemala (Dr. Richard
Hansen, December 5, 2005; Enrique Monterroso Tun, February 2007).
First scientific project to have a project member awarded “Environmentalist
of the Year for Latin America” by Latin Trade Magazine Bravo Business
association, October 24, 2008. 57
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Selected Event Sequence in 2008
14 Jan 2008. Richard and Jody Hansen invited to the inauguration of President Alvaro Colom,
and then to the Presidential residence with his family, close friends, and all the Presidents of
Latin America for the inaugural dinner.
Figure 44. Richard and Jody Hansen, President Alvaro Colom, Sr. Jack Cohen and Raquel
Cohen at the presidential inauguration dinner in Guatemala City in January 2008.
17-19 Jan 2008. Special Andrew Harper Signature Tour to Mirador, with a fantastic dinner at
night in the Central Plaza of Tikal, and a catered lunch on Structure 34 at El Mirador. Andrew
Harper Tours, out of New York, is one of the most exclusive tour organizations in the world
20-25 Jan 2008. High Country Passage Tour to Mirador and Aguateca with a trip sponsored by
the California Academy of Sciences and FARES. It was a wonderful group and great reunion of
many of the private sponsors of the Mirador Basin. Tour manager Wiggie Andrews and group
spent two nights at El Mirador, including an unforgettable candlelight dinner on the primary
platform of the Jaguar Paw Temple (Str. 34).
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Figure 45. Members of the California Academy of Sciences/FARES tour group on the summit
of Danta pyramid, January 2008.
27 Jan 2008 Within the first two weeks after his inauguration, President Colom of Guatemala
went to El Mirador La primera semana de ser inaugurado, El Presidente Colom fue a Mirador con
miembros del Gabinete, Jose Miguel Torrebiarte, president of Cementos Progreso, Eugenio
Gabriel (administrator of the new project designed by the President) and his wife Roxandra, the
Ambassador of Mexico Eduardo Ibarrola, Guatemalan businessman Roberto Dalton (DISAGRO),
and Stephen and Nancy Dowdle of Potash Corporation
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Figure 46. Guatemalan President Alvaro Colom, Richard Hansen, Mexican Ambassador Eduardo
Ibarrola, , Jose Miguel Torrebiarte (Cementos Progreso, PACUNAM), y Roberto Dalton
(DISAGRO, PACUNAM), El Mirador, Jan 2008.
29 January 2008. Hansen flew in Robert Dalton’s private jet to Flores and went to El Mirador
with a group of prominent executives from the Mosaic and Potash Corporation, including Jim
Prokopanko, president and CEO of the Mosaic Company.
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Figure 47. Group from the Mosaic and the DISAGRO companies on the steps of the Jaguar Paw
Temple (Str. 34), invited by Roberto and Anabella Dalton (center). Cristina Schmidt, the former
administrator for Pacunam is in the green blouse, while Jim Prokopenko is seated to the left of
Hansen.
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Figure 48. Dr. Richard Hansen, Dr. Hector Escobedo head of the Guatemalan Institute of
Anthropology and History (IDAEH), and Minister Jeronimo Lancerio, Minister of
Culture and Sports on Danta pyramid, 23 February 2008.
27 Feb - 3 March 3, 2008. Cornell Rapid Bird Surveys at the El Mirador and
Tintal Archaeological site in the Maya Biosphere Reserve, Departament of
Peten, Guatemala by Gregory F. Budney, Marshall J. Iliff, Dr. Eduardo E.
Iñigo-Elias, Dr. Thomas S. Schulenberg, y Christopher L. Wood, and Josie
Thompson of FARES. The first systematic study of Birds in the Mirador Basin
by Cornell has identified 184 species with two species recognized for the first
time in Guatemala (Caribbean Dove, Hooded Oriole).
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Figure 49. The Cornell Ornithology team at El Mirador.
March 2008. Geologic and Geomorphologic Analysis of the area of the Mirador Basin
Archaeological Project, conducted by Dr. Eric Force, Ph.D., U. S. Geological Survey
University of Arizona and Dr.John Dohrenwend, Ph.D., U. S. Geological Survey,
University of Arizona, accompanied by Wayne Howell and Richard Hansen, March 12March 19, 2008.
3 April 2008: Dr. Richard Hansen is the primary speaker at the world convention of
CATHIE, the Central American Tourism and Hotel Investment Exchange en el Camino
Real, Guatemala
22-24 May 2008 Global Heritage Fund Gala event in Antigua, Guatemala. The entire
GHF board of directors paid tribute to PACUNAM and APANAC and had a wonderful
meal and special event in Antigua. The entire GHF board went by helicopter to Flores
and on to El Mirador.
May 2008. Biological study of archaeo- fauna and contemporary fauna begun in the
Mirador Basin . by Hugo Enriquez Ortiz, Zoologist from the Museum of Natural
History in Guatemala.
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27 May 2008: Major investigations begin with exploratory work in the area of La Gloria,
located in the south east cuadrant of the Mirador Basin. Lic. Hector Mejia directed the
field operations there, with 9 new additional archaeological sites mapped and identified.
The most important discovery is found in the site of El Pesquero, with a Middle-Late
Preclassic roof comb assemblage on the summit of a large building.
19-22 June. 2008. Mesoamerican History as Understood through Jade: The first
International Jade Convention , held in Antigua, Guatemala and sponsored by La Casa
de Jade, owned by Gerald Leech, in Antigua. Speakers included Mirador Basin Project
Co-Directore Edgar Suyuc, who presented a paper on Sources and Jade Technology.
Dr. Richard Hansen presented a paper entitled, The Jades of the Mirador Basin and their
Correlative History.
15-21 July2008. The royal family of Dresden, Germany, visits Guatemala with his entire
family to see the country and to go to Tikal and El Mirador. Alexander Prinz von
Sachsen and family. Guatemalan government dignitaries, and representatives from
PACUNAM, APANAC, the U.S. Department of Interior, the German embassy, and
FARES spent a memorable week with the Prince at Mirador, as well as a German film
crew. Subsequentlly, the royal family was honored at a State Dinner at the National
Palace in Guatemala City with Francois and Nini Berger, Dr. Hector Escobedo, Minister
Jeronimo Lancerio, and a host of Guatemalan government dignitaries.
Figure 50. The royal family of Germany, the Sachson family and friends, on the summit
of Tigre Pyramid, El Mirador . 64
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Figure 51. The Royal family and Guatemalan dignitaries at a reception and state dinner
in the National Palace in Guatemala, City.
21-25 July 2008: Simposio Internacional de Arqueologia Guatemalteca, 2008 Museo
Nacional de Arqueologia e Etnologia (International Symposium on Guatemalan
Archaeology, National Museum, Guatemala. Papers presented by Mirador Basin
Project staff and students included Guatemalan student Carlos Castellanos (“Maya
Invisible House” Casas No Visibles), student Enrique Hernandez, Dr. Thomas Schreiner,
and Dr. David Wahl entitled “ The Tintal Causeway, “Looting in the Mirador Basin” by
Lic. Hector Mejia, “ Investigations in the Mirador Basin by Dr. Richard Hansen and Lic.
Edgar Suyuc, and “Investigations in the Faisanes Group, El Mirador” by Carlos Morales
and Douglas Mauricio,
1 August 2008, Guatemalan President Alvaro Colom returns to El Mirador with the
entire directorship of the Cerveceria Centroamericana, sponsors of the Mirador Basin
project and PACUNAM members.
9 Aug 2008 Lourdes de Novella, wife of the deceased Enrique Novella Alvarado who
was a FARES Board Member and killed in a plane crash, came into El Mirador with her
entire family, daughter Celina, Daughter Sofia, son Enrique and friend Ivanha. It was a
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wonderful experience to have the family of the first Guatemalan businessman to
recognize the importance of the Mirador Basin and who provided important revenue for
the project to get started on a more prominent scale.
14 Aug 2008 Five of the prominent Guatemalan congressmen from the Peten visited El
Mirador and had extensive discussions with Hansen on site. The congressmen
(diputados) were eager to discuss the issues and the importance of the site. It was a great
visit and we look forward to more visits from them.
17 Aug 2008, One of the most prominent congressmen from Guatemala, Manuel
Baldizon, came to El Mirador with his entire family on a military helicopter and spent the
afternoon touring the site. Congressman Dr. Baldizon has been suggested as one of the
leading future candidates for the Presidency of Guatemala in 2012.
20 August, 2008. The first live radio broadcast in history conducted at El Mirador
by,Jorge Jacobs y Marta Yolanda Diaz Duran, Edgar Suyuc, and Richard Hansen with
Sheila Flores from IDAEH as the Guatemalan representative from the government.
First live radio broadcast in history from the El Mirador which was a 2 hour
special on 100.9 FM in Guatemala on August 20, 2008.
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22 Aug 2008 FARES Board member Fernando Paiz, his wife Anabella, Brent Walton,
and Fernando’s entire family came into El Mirador so that they could see and appreciate
the site. Fernando is also the Co-President of PACUNAM.
23 August 2008. Blue Oil CEO, Montano F. Nissotti (UK/Italy) and Ana Graciela
Lopez visit El Mirador. Blue Oil, and special, Grupo de Fernando Paiz de Blue Oil
6 Sept 2008. Top executives of Wal-Mart Central America and the family of Fernando
Paiz (Paiz, S.A., President Wal-Mart Central America) visit El Mirador.
6 Sept until 15 Dec 2008: Computer school taught by Elvis Tun in the villages of
Carmelita, Dos Aguadas, and La Pasadita, with 42 children learning to use computers.
6 Sept 2008. Entrance of the first students of the first association of Community Guides
from the village of Carmelita.
25 Sept.2008 Global Heritage Fund 5 Year Celebration Gala in San Francisco.
Presentations by Jeff Morgan and Richard Hansen.
2 October, 2008. Mesa Multisectorial in Flores
24 Oct 2008 Latin Trade Bravo Business Awards, Miami. Major Award to Dr.
Richard Hansen as the “Environmentalist of the Year for Latin America” as
nominated by the 161,000 members of the Latin Trade Business Association. Mel
Gibson provided the introduction, and special guests from Guatemala included Juan and
Marina Miro (Citibank, Guatemala), Jose Miguel and Beatriz Torrebiarte (Cementos
Progreso and Apanac), Francois Berger, and the Latin American representative for CitiGroup and his wife from New York. Landon, Brianna, and Jody Hansen were also in
attendance.
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Figure 52. Citibank, Jose Miguel Torrebiarte (Cementos Progreso), Beatriz Torrebiarte,
Francois Berger (APANAC, FARES Guatemala), Richard Hansen at the 14th Annual
Latin Trade Bravo Business Awards in Miami.
Figure 53. Francois Berger, Richard Hansen, Jody Hansen, Brianna Hansen, Landon
Hansen, Marina Miro, and Juan Miro (Citibank, Guatemala) at the 14th Annual Latin
Trade Bravo Business Awards.
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LATIN TRADE Announces BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS
Winners
The Bravo Business Awards Ceremony
takes place October 24, 2008 in Miami
Miami, Sept. 22, 2008. – LATIN TRADE (LT), the leading international business
magazine focusing on Latin America, today announced the winners of the 14th
Annual LATIN TRADE BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS to honor government and business
leaders for their contributions to progress in Latin America.
“The 2008 winners share a commitment to excellence and proven leadership in
times of great change,” said Mike Zellner, editorial director of LATIN TRADE.
The LT BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS honor excellence in Latin America and the
Caribbean. The more than 160,000 Latin Trade readers worldwide nominate
business, political and social leaders to be recognized for outstanding
achievement. In consultation with leading international experts, LATIN TRADE
editors select winners in nine categories to be honored at the prestigious LT
BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS ceremony.
During 2007, TV, print and online promotion and coverage generated an audience of
more than 91 million people worldwide for the LT BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS, which are
widely acknowledged as the Oscars of Latin American business.
The LT BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS are presented by the InterContinental Hotels Group.
,
Citi and BMW are sponsors of this event. Edelman, The Nature Conservancy American
Airlines and Ashoka are partners. In addition, media partners include CNN en Español,
Business News Americas and Worthnet.Fox.
LATIN TRADE HONORS
14TH ANNUAL BRAVO BUSINESS AWARD WINNERS
Colombian President Álvaro Uribe Vélez and Brazilian Central Bank
Governor Henrique Meirelles recognized for contribution to progress in
Latin America.
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Miami, Oct. 25, 2008. – Before more than 250 presidents, government
ministers and business executives from across the Americas at the black-tie
ceremony held Friday evening, LATIN TRADE presented the Bravo Business
Awards to Latin American leaders for their contributions to progress in Latin
America and the Caribbean.
“The very best leaders in the region came together to pay tribute to
excellence in Latin America,” said Mike Zellner, editorial director of LATIN
TRADE, the leading international business magazine in the region. “They
represent the future of a prosperous and forward thinking region.”
LATIN TRADE Bravo Business Award of Leader of the Year was
presented to Colombian Trade Minister Luis Guillermo Plata in representation of
President Álvaro Uribe, who received the award for his remarkable and major
turnaround in Colombia. Since taking office in 2002, Uribe has improved the
country’s security climate and boosted investor confidence. Brazilian Central
Bank Governor Henrique Meirelles received the Financier of the Year award for
his leadership in reducing inflation and increasing reserves to more than US$200
billion. Panamanian Tourism Minister Rubén Blades received the Bravo Award of
Most Innovative Leader for his work in making Panama an attractive destination,
having in the past 18 months expanded hotel investment by more than 50,000
new units.
LAN Airlines Chairman Jorge Awad Mehech, Tata Consultancy Services
CEO Subramaniam Ramadorai, Casa Editorial El Tiempo President Luis
Fernando Santos, Grupo de Empresas Farmacéuticas Sidus President Marcelo
Argüelles,
Asociación Pro Niños Quemados de Nicaragua Executive Director Vivian Pellas,
and
Foundation for Anthropological Research and Environmental Studies Director
Richard Hansen were hailed in the prestigious ceremony to honor the best in the
Americas.
In addition to the awards ceremony, leaders held working sessions during
the day to discuss the integration of corporate social responsibility in business
practices; and investment, tourism, and trade trends in Colombia and Latin
America.
“Our event is a platform for the interchange of ideas among top business
leaders and leading policymakers who shape development in the region,” said
Zellner.
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The LT BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS honor excellence in Latin America and
the Caribbean. The more than 160,000 Latin Trade readers worldwide nominate
business, political and social leaders to be recognized for outstanding
achievement. In consultation with leading international experts, LATIN TRADE
editors select winners in nine categories to be honored at the prestigious LT
BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS ceremony.
During 2007, TV, print and online promotion and coverage generated an audience
of more than 91 million people worldwide for the LT BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS, which
are widely acknowledged as the Oscars of Latin American business.
The LT BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS are presented by the InterContinental Hotels
Group. Citi and BMW are sponsors of this event. Edelman, The Nature Conservancy,
American Airlines and Ashoka are partners. In addition, media partners include CNN en
Español, Business News Americas and Worthnet.Fox.
For more information, please visit www.ltbravo.com.
ABOUT LT BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS
The 14th Annual LT BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS ceremony were held Oct. 24, 2008
in Miami. More than 300 leaders from Latin America and the United States,
including presidents, government ministers, CEOs of multinational and Latin
American companies and financial institutions are expected to attend the LT
BRAVO BUSINESS AWARDS.
The LT BRAVO winners are:
LEADER OF THE YEAR
Álvaro Uribe Vélez, President of Colombia
ENVIRONMENTALIST OF THE YEAR
MOST INNOVATIVE LEADER
Rubén Blades, Minister of Tourism of Panama
FINANCIER OF THE YEAR
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Henrique de Campos Meirelles, Governor, Central Bank of Brazil
CEO OF THE YEAR
Enrique Cueto Plaza, CEO, LAN Airlines
INTERNATIONAL CEO OF THE YEAR
Subramaniam Ramadorai, CEO, Tata Consultancy Services
MOST DYNAMIC CEO OF THE YEAR
Luis Fernando Santos, President, Casa Editorial El Tiempo
TECHNOLOGY LEADER OF THE YEAR
Marcelo Argüelles, Chairman, Grupo de Empresas Farmacéuticas Sidus
HUMANITARIAN OF THE YEAR
Vivian Pellas, Executive Director, Asociación Pro Niños Quemados de Nicaragua
26-30 Oct 2008. Global Heritage Fund 5h Anniversary Celebration in New York, with
Josh Bernstein as moderator, and attended by a large group of interested individuals.
Important functions, social events, meetings with potential and actual sponsors.
6 Nov 2008. R. Hansen to El Mirador with Pedro Aguirre and his wife, Deborah,
daughter Isabel and son Daniel with Guatemalan arquitects Mario Rocasemeño Sr., his
wife (Stella), and Mario Rocasemeño Jr. The Aguirre family provided the helicopter,
which is one of the finest helicopters in Guatemala.
2-4 Dec 83 water filters delivered to Carmelita (in participation with Eco Filtros), and 48
families received training. There are 35 families yet awaiting filters and training. 25
families received water filters in Uaxactun. There are an estimated 50 families in the
village of Uaxactun that have yet to receive filters and training.
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4 Dec 2008 A significant meeting was held at the U.S. embassy with David Lindwall,
Deputy Chief of Mission of the embassy, to discuss various issues about the Mirador
Basin project. In attendance were Richard Hansen, Claudia Rosales, the new director of
PACUNAM, Jeff Morgan of Global Heritage Fund, and Jay Raman of the Cultural
attaché of the embassy.
6 Dec 2008. Trip to El Mirador with Claudia Rosales, new director of PACUNAM, Willi
Kaltschmidt (former presidential advisor on tourism), and Ambassador Lars Vaagen of
the Royal Norwegian embassy. Pedro Aguirre provided his helicopter, which is one of
the finest in Guatemala. Thanks to Pedro, the trip was a great success, with an abundance
of wildlife viewed in the site center.
7 Dec 2008. Rodolfo Saravia, president of Cofiño-Stahl automotive dealership in
Guatemala (Toyota), and his family came in on their personal helicopter and spent a
brief moment at Mirador and left with Claudia Rosales (PACUNAM) because of weather
concerns.
8 Dec 2008 The first graduating class of the Carmelita Tourist Guide Association from
Carmelita came to El Mirador for a two day training session with R. Hansen. This group
of 28 men and women were provided an in depth tour of the site as well as extensive
publication materials, lectures, and resources. Thanks go to Daniel Trujillo and a
dedicated staff from
Mirador Bibliography: Reports and Publications
produced by the Mirador Basin Project in 2008
Publications:
Castañeda, Cesar, and Richard D. Hansen
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2008 Relación entre cambio cultural y vegetación en la Cuenca Mirador, norte de
Guatemala. In Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, No. 18, pp. 90-100.
Castellanos, Carlos
2008 Algunas Consideraciones para el Estudio de Areas Habitacionales: El Caso
de las Estructuras No Visibles en El Mirador, Peten. Abstractos del XXII Simposio de
Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, p. 91. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnologia,
Asociación Tikal; 24 July 2008.
Hansen, Richard D. y Beatriz Balcarcel
2008 El Complejo Tigre y la Acropolis Central de El Miradsor durante el
Preclásico Medio y Tardio. In XXI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en
Guatemala, 2007, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Barbara Arroyo, and Hector E. Mejia,
pp. 339-348. Museo Nacional de Arqueologia y Etnologia, Ministerio de Cultura y
Deportes, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Asociacion Tikal, Fundación
Arqueológica del Nuevo Mundo.
Hansen, Richard D., Wayne K. Howell, and Stanley P. Guenter
2008 Forgotten Structures, Haunted Houses, and Occupied Hearts: Ancient
Perspectives and Contemporary Interpretations of Abandoned Sites and Buildings in the
Mirador Basin, Guatemala. In Ruins of the Past: The Use and Perception of Abandoned
Structures in the Maya Lowlands, edited by Travis W. Stanton and Aline Magnoni, pp.
25-64. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.
Hansen, Richard D., and Edgar Suyuc-Ley
2008Investigaciones en la Cuenca Mirador, Peten: Avances de la Temporada
2007. Abstractos del XXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, p.
461. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Museo
Nacional de Arqueología y Etnologia, Asociación Tikal; 23 July 2008.
Hansen, Richard D., Edgar O. Suyuc, Enrique Monterroso Tun, y Enrique Monterroso
Rosado.
2008 Investigación y Conservación Arqueológica y Ecológica en la Cuenca
Mirador, Guatemala. Abstractos del XXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en
Guatemala, p. 42. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia,
Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnologia, Asociación Tikal; 22 July 200
Hernandez, Enrique, Thomas Schreiner, y David Wahl
2008 El Sacbe entre Tintal y El Mirador, y su Implicación para los Antiguos
Pobladores Mayas. Abstractos del XXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en
Guatemala, p. 48. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnologia, Asociación Tikal; 22 July 2008.
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Morales,-Aguilar, Carlos y Douglas Mauricio
2008 Los Faisanes: Un Asentamiento Preclásico al Noroeste de El Mirador. .
Abstractos del XXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, p. 93.
Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Museo Nacional
de Arqueología y Etnología, Asociación Tikal; 24 July 2008.
Suyuc, Edgar, Paulino I. Morales, Francisco Lopez, y Anaite Ordoñez
2008 Investigaciones en el Complejo Arquitectónico Danta, El Mirador. In XXI
Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2007, edited by Juan Pedro
Laporte, Barbara Arroyo, and Hector E. Mejia, pp. 373-386. Museo Nacional de
Arqueologia y Etnologia, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Asociacion Tikal, Fundación Arqueológica del Nuevo Mundo.
PROFESSIONAL PAPERS/ REPORTS:
Mirador Basin Project - 2008
Allen, Richard
496
2008 Laboratorio 2007: Investigación de Materiales Arqueológicos del Clásico
Tardío. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los
Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1161-1162. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
Anavisca, Jose Maria
495
2008a Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio El Ramonal. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1014-1016. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
494
2008b Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio Tamazul. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1024-1030. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
493
2008c Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio Chab Che. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
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Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1031-1038. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho
492
2008d Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio Las Ilusiones. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1039-1054. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
491
2008e Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio Xulbil. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1066-1071. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Anavisca, Jose Maria y Julio Cotóm
490
2008 a Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio El Resbalón. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1007-1013. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Anavisca, Jose Maria, Antonio Portillo, y Josué García
489
2008 Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio Xtabay. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. . Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos
y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Argyle, J. Craig
488
2008 Investigación de los Sistemas de Recolección de Agua en El Mirador,
Operación610 A-L. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 487-497. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Arriola, Ana
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487
2008 Excavaciones en Escalinatas de Ingreso al Complejo Danta y Grupo La
Pava. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los
Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora
Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 58-63. Preliminary report filed with the
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert,
Idaho.
Balcarcel-Villagran, Ana Beatriz
486
2008a Investigaciones en el Complejo Arquitectónico Triádico 313, Gran
Acropolis Central, El Mirador, Peten, Guatemala. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
389-431. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho
485
2008b Alfabetización Conalfa. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1160.
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
484
2008c. Acropolis Central: Investigaciones Arqueológicas en la Estructura 313,
El Mirador. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en
los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora
Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 77-82. Preliminary report filed with the
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert,
Idaho.
Biascoechea, Laura
483
2008 Sondeos en Areas Residenciales en El Mirador: Operaciones 613 A, 613 B.
In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 602-605. Formal report filed with the Departamento
de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Bozarth, Steven R.
482
2008 Análisis de Fitolitos de la Estructura 34 Sub-1 Escalinata, El Mirador,
Guatemala. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en
los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 212-220. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
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Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho
Cambranes-Burgos, Rafael
481
2008 Reconocimiento y Mapeo en el Sector Noreste de los Faisanes y Sector
Norte de Tzunun, El Mirador, Peten. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008:
Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 7-17.
Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala,
Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala;
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Cambranes-Burgos, Rafael y Carlos Morales-Aguilar
480
2008 Pedernal: Un Asentamiento Maya del Clásico-Tardío al Sureste de El
Mirador, Peten, Guatemala. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 106-122. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Carcuz, Sheryl
479
2008 Excavaciones en la Tercera Plataforma de La Danta, El Mirador, Peten. In
Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 49-52. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Carcuz, Sheryl, Carlos Morales-Aguilar, Pedro Aragon, Mauricio Diaz, Giovanni
Gonzalez, Rafael Cambranes-Burgos
478
2008 Sondeos Arqueológicos en Unidades Residenciales del Clásico Tardío en El
Mirador, Peten: Operación 600. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 498-571.
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Castañeda, César
477
2008 Estudios Botánicos y Ecológicos en la Cuenca Mirador: Relación entre el
Cambio Cultural y la Vegetación. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1127-1139.
78
79
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Castellanos, Carlos
476
2008a Pozos de Sondeo en el Grupo Tucan, Op. 614, en el sitio Mirador, Peten.
In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 572-601. Formal report filed with the Departamento
de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
475
2008b Excavaciones en la Estructura 204 del Grupo Cascabel, El Mirador, Peten:
Operacion 204H, Unidad K y Operación M. . In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008:
Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 99-104.
Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala,
Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala;
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Chang-Doron, Karol Vanesa
474
2008 Programa de Salud: Diagnostico de Salud 2008. In Informe Preliminar
Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona
Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 186-203. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural
y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Chavarria, Monica
473
2008 Investigación Arqueológica en la Primera Plataforma y Escalinata del
Ingreso del Complejo Danta. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008,
edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 53-54. Preliminary report
filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Cotom N., Julio
472
2008a. Síntesis de saqueos en El Ramonal. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
916-928. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
79
80
471
2008b Síntesis de saqueos en Xtabay. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 929-952.
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
470
2008c Síntesis de saqueos en Las Ilusiones. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
953-959. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
469
2008d Síntesis de saqueos en Xulbil. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 960-964.
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
468
2008e. Síntesis de saqueo en El Camarón. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 86101. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
467
2008 f Síntesis de saqueos en Hun Zacatal. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
978-982. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
466
2008g Síntesis de saqueos en Ka’ Zacatal. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
983-990. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
465
2008h. Síntesis de saqueos en Ox Zacatal. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
991-1003. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
80
81
464
2008i Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio Hun Zacatal. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1072-1076. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
463
2008j Operacion ERB.42.11: Excavaciones de Rescate. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1077-1083. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Cotom, Julio y Jose María Anavisca
462
2008 Sondeo Arqueológico en el sitio Wakna. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1055-1065. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Cotom N., Julio y Hector E. Mejia
461
2008 a El proceso del inventario y registro de saqueos en sitios de la Cuenca
Mirador. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los
Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 874-877. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
460
2008b Síntesis de saqueos en El Resbalón. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
878-915. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Elkins, Zachary
459
2008 Complejo Cascabel Operación 204A. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
381-388. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
81
82
Farley, Greg
458
2008 Grupo Leon, Plaza Leon: Operaciones 615 A, 615 B, y 612, El Mirador,
Peten. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los
Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 606-609. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
González, Giovanni
457
2008 Investigaciones en la Plaza Witzizil y Escalinatas Originales de la Tercera
Plataforma de La Danta. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008,
edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 39-48. Preliminary report
filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Guzman, Josue L.
456
2008 Trabajos de Conservación en el Sitio Arqueológico Mirador y en el Sitio El
Pesquero, Concesión La Gloria, Area Cuenca Mirador. In Informe Preliminar
Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona
Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 136-144. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural
y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Guzman, Josue y Arnoldo Che Ical
455
2008 Conservación de Estucos. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 757-776.
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Guzman, Josue L., y Antonio Portillo
454
2008 Catálogo (Segunda Parte): Piezas Arqueológicas Recuperadas por el
Proyecto Arqueológico Cuenca Mirador (1998-2006). In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1163-1201. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
82
83
Hansen, Mark L.
453
2008 Mapeo con TC407 Estación Total. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
610-613. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Hansen, Richard D.
452
2008 a Investigaciones y Consolidaciones del Templo de Garra de Jaguar
(Estructura 34), El Mirador: Temporada 2007. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
177-211. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
451
2008b Los Jades de la Cuenca Mirador y su Historia Correlativa. Paper
presented at La Primera Convención Internacional La Historia Mesoamericana vista a
través del Jade, June 22, 2008. Hotel Soleil, Antigua, Guatemala
Hansen, Richard D., Landon J. Hansen, Mark L. Hansen
450
2008 Investigaciones y Conservación en el Grupo Cascabel, Estructura 200:
Temporada 2007. los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador,
edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 311-345. Formal
report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto
de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Hansen, Richard D. and Edgar Suyuc-Ley
449
2008a Resumen de la Temporada de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias y
Regionales 2007. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigación y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. xvi-xxvi. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
448
2008b Proyecto Arqueológico Cuenca Mirador: Resumen de la Temporada
2008. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los
Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora
Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. x-xiv. Preliminary report filed with the
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert,
Idaho.
83
84
Hernandez, Enrique
447
2008a Excavaciones de Sondeo, Grupo Oeste, El Mirador, Peten, Guatemala. In
Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 650-662. Formal report filed with the Departamento
de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
446
2008b Sitios Asociados a la Calzada Tintal-Mirador: Sitio Arqueológico El
Arroyon. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en
los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1084-1103. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
Jacobo, Alvaro L.
445
2008 Investigaciones en el Grupo Cascabel, El Mirador, Peten, Temporada
2008: Operaciones 204I, J, K, y L. . In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008:
Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 105-114.
Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala,
Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala;
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Lopez, Francisco
444
2008 Excavaciones en la Tercera Plataforma, Danta, Temporada 2008. In
Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 35-38. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Lopez, Francisco, Sheryl Carcuz, y Giovanni Gonzalez
443
2008 La Danta: Excavaciones en el primer basamento de la Estructura 2A8-2. In
Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 432-444. Formal report filed with the Departamento
de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Martinez-Hidalgo, Gustavo A.
442
2008a Estructura 204, Grupo Cascabel, Operación 204-G y Operación 204 –H.
In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
84
85
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 346-380. Formal report filed with the Departamento
de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
441
2008b Investigaciones en el Grupo Cascabel, Estructura 204, El Mirador, Peten,
Operación 204 H y G. . In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008,
edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 90-98. Preliminary report
filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Mauricio-Martinez, Douglas
440
2008a Pozos de Sondeo (Operaciones 602A, B,C,D, F), Los Faisanes, Lado
Noroeste de El Mirador. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 614-649. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
439
2008b Los Faisanes: Continuación de las Investigaciones de Este Asentamiento
Preclásico a través de Pozos de Sondeo (Operaciones 602 BB, G, H, I, y J), Temporada
de Campo 2008. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación
en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora
Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 115-119. Preliminary report filed with the
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert,
Idaho.
Mejia, Hector E.
438
2008 El Avance del Patrón de Asentamiento Prehispánico en la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 778-779. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Mejia, Hector E., Julio Cotom, Boris Aguilar, Juan Morales
437
2008 Excavación de Rescate en El Pesquero, Sitio Arqueológico Concesión La
Gloria. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los
Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora
85
86
Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 124-129. Preliminary report filed with the
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert,
Idaho.
Mejia, Hector E., Jose María Anavisca, Antonio Portillo, Josue Garcia, Julio Cotom
436
2008 El Sondeo Arqueológico como Herramienta dentro del Programa de
Reconocimiento Regional en la Cuenca Mirador. In Informe Final de Investigaciones
2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp.
1004-1006. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes,
Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Mejia, Hector E., Josué García, y Antonio Portillo
435
2008a El Resbalón, Un Centro Regional al Sur de Tamazul. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 780-802. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
434
2008b El Ramonal, Un Centro Secundario al Oeste de Resbalón. In Informe
Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos
de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and
Edgar Suyuc, pp. 803-814. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
433
2008c. Xtabay: Un Centro Administrativo al Noroeste de Tamazul. In Informe
Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos
de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and
Edgar Suyuc, pp. 815-823. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Mejia, Hector E., y Antonio Portillo
432
2008a El Escondido, Sitio Arqueológico al Oeste de El Lechugal. In Informe
Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos
de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and
Edgar Suyuc, pp. 839-849. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
431
2008b Xulbil, Un Centro Aministrativo al Este de Las Ilusiones. In Informe
Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos
86
87
de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and
Edgar Suyuc, pp. 850-855. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
430
2008c El Camarón: Un Pequeño Asentamiento Asociado a una Posible
Avanzada Administrativa. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 856-859. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
429
2008d Hun Zacatal, Ka’ Zacatal, y Ox Zacatal: Tres Centros Perifericos al Oeste
de Nakbe y Otros. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 860-873. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Mejia, Hector E., Antonio Portillo, Julio Cotom, y Dr. Miguel Pereira
428
2008a Programa de Reconocimiento Regional: Exploraciones Arqueológicas en
las Concesiones Forestales de La Gloria y Cruce La Colorada, San Andres, Peten. In
Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 18-30. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
427
2008b El Proceso de Registro de Saqueos en el Programa de Reconocimiento
Regional de la Cuenca Mirador, Temporada 2008. In Informe Preliminar Temporada
2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 3134. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala,
Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala;
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Monterroso-Rosado, Enrique, Enrique Monterroso Tun, Arnoldo Che, Marco Tulio
Enamorado, Marco Tulio Ical, Josue Guzman, Carmen Ramos, Vanessa Rodens.
426
2008 Sitio Arqueológico El Mirador: Unidad de Restauración y Conservación en
Arquitectura, Junio-Agosto 2008. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008:
Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp 130-135.
Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala,
87
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Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala;
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Monterroso-Tun, Enrique, y Enrique Monterroso Rosado
425
2008 Conservación Arquitectónica y de Estucos. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 746-756. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Monterroso-Tun, Enrique, Enrique Monterroso Rosado, Vanessa Rodens, Carmen
Ramos, Josue Guzman, Marco Tulio Enamorado
424
2008 Unidad de Restauracion: Conservación Arquitectónica y de Estucos,
Arquitectura y Supervision. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 663-699. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Morales-Aguilar, Carlos
423
2008a Tzunun, Un Area Residencial Periférica al Norte de El Mirador, Peten,
Guatemala. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en
los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 86-101. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
422
2008b La Iconografía del Plato de Santo Domingo, Región de Nakbe, Guatemala.
In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 159-176. Formal report filed with the Departamento
de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
421
2008c Resumen de Exploraciones Arqueológicas y Mapeo en la Periferia del
Sitio El Mirador, Departamento de Peten, Guatemala: Temporada de Campo 2008. In
Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1-6. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
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Morales-Aguilar, Carlos y Rafael Cambranes
420
2008 Reconocimiento y Mapeo en la Zona Este y Oeste de La Muerta, El
Mirador, Peten, Guatemala: Temporada de Campo 2007. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 44-85. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Morales-Aguilar, Carlos y Abel Morales-Lopez
419
2008 Reconocimiento y Mapeo del Sector Norte de los Faisanes, El Mirador,
Guatemala. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en
los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1-43. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
Morales-Lopez, Abel
418
2008 Informe del Reconocimiento Grupo Zunum, El Mirador. In Informe Final
de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 102-105. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Morales, Paulino
417
2008a Documentación Gráfica de Excavaciones y Monumentos del Sitio
Arqueológico El Mirador: Temporada 2007. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1152-1160.
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Morales, Paulino y Kara Nickels
416
2008b Operacion 304: Excavaciones en la Gran Acopolis de El Mirador. . In
Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 83-89. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
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Palka, Joel.
415
2008 Recorrido Arqueológico por La Laguna Chuntuqui, El Peten, Guatemala.
In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1104-1112. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
Pellicer-Alecio, Monica
414
2008a Investigaciones en la Fachada Sur de la Estructura 4D3-2 del Grupo El
Tigre, Operación 1-A. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y
Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited
by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 221-269. Formal report filed
with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES
Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
413
2008b La Fachada Sur de la Estructura 4D3-2. Grupo El Tigre, El Mirador. . In
Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 64-68. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de
Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Pereira-Téllez, Miguel Adan
412
2008 Diagnóstico de Salud en la Temporada 2007. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 1146-1151. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Pozuelos, Adelzo
411
2008 a Infraestructura: Informe de la Temporada de Campo 2007, Junio-Agosto.
In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1140-1145. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
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410
2008b Programa de Infraestructura 2008. In Informe Preliminar Temporada
2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y
Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 176185. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala,
Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala;
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Ramos, Carmen
409
2008a Mascaron Oeste, Panel Este, Edificio 34, Complejo El Tigre y la
Estructura 313, Gran Acropolis Central. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 732-745.
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
408
2008b Unidad de Conservación, Intervenciones en Estucos, Temporada 2008.
In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 169-175. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto
de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Rodens, Vanessa
407
2008a Medidas de Conservación, Restauración y Consolidación Realizadas en las
Estructuras 34 y 313, El Mirador, Peten, Guatemala. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 700-731. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
406
2008b Trabajos de Conservación en la Estructura 2A6-3, Grupo La Pava,
Complejo Arquitectónico La Danta, El Mirador, Peten. In Informe Preliminar
Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona
Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 145-152. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural
y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Schreiner, Thomas, y Enrique Hernandez
405
2008 Investigaciones en el Sacbe Tintal, Mirador y Naranjita, 2008. In Informe
Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos
de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y
Edgar Suyuc, pp. 120-123. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e
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Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural
y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Schreiner, Thomas, David Wahl, y Enrique Hernandez
404
2008 Investigaciones Preliminares en el Bajo Carrizal, Cuenca Mirador, Peten,
Guatemala. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en
los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez,
Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 1113-1126. Formal report filed with the
Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation,
Rupert, Idaho.
Sprajc, Ivan, y Carlos Morales-Aguilar
403
2008 Alineamientos astronómicos en los sitios arqueológicos de Tintal, El
Mirador, y Nakbe, Peten, Guatemala. In Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007:
Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural
Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 123-158.
Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales,
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City.
FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Suyuc-Ley, Edgar
402
2008 Investigaciones en la Acropolis Triadica La Pava. . In Informe Preliminar
Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona
Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 55-57. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e Historia
de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Suyuc-Ley, Edgar, Ana Luisa Arriola, Gabriela Melendez, Mauricio Diaz
401
2008 Investigaciones en la Primera Plataforma del Complejo Arquitectónico La
Danta, El Mirador: Operaciones 402, 403 y 404, Temporada 2007. In Informe Final de
Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos de la
Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard D. Hansen, and Edgar
Suyuc, pp. 445-486. Formal report filed with the Departamento de Monumentos
Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia, Ministerio de Cultural y
Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
Vega de Zea, Lilian
400
2008 Informe de la Conservación de Estucos en El Mirador, Peten, Temporada
2008. In Informe Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los
Sitios Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora
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Lopez, Richard Hansen, y Edgar Suyuc, pp. 153-168. Preliminary report filed with the
Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y
Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert,
Idaho.
Velasquez-Fergusson, Maria Laura
399
2008a Excavaciones en la Plataforma Superior de la Estructura Tigre, El
Mirador, Peten, Guatemala, Excavación en la Estructura 4D3-4: Operación 1-B. In
Informe Final de Investigaciones 2007: Investigacion y Conservación en los Sitios
Arqueológicos de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard
D. Hansen, and Edgar Suyuc, pp. 270-310. Formal report filed with the Departamento
de Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Instituto de Antropologia e Historia,
Ministerio de Cultural y Deportes, Guatemala City. FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
398
2008b Excavaciones en la Plataforma Superior de la Pirámide El Tigre, El
Mirador, Peten, Guatemala, Operacion 01: Estructuras 4D3-1 y 4D3-4. . In Informe
Preliminar Temporada 2008: Investigación y Conservación en los Sitios Arqueológicos
de la Zona Cultural y Natural Mirador 2008, edited by Nora Lopez, Richard Hansen, y
Edgar Suyuc, pp. 68-76. Preliminary report filed with the Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia de Guatemala, Monumentos Prehispánicos y Coloniales, Ministerio de Cultural
y Deportes, Guatemala; FARES Foundation, Rupert, Idaho.
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