Evaluación de la Calidad del Agua Cajamarca, Perú

Transcripción

Water Quality Evaluation
Cajamarca, Perú
Summary of the Annual Monitoring Report
2004-2005
Mesa de Dialogo y Consenso
CAO-Cajamarca
February 6, 2006
Canal Campanario Jun-05
Why Participatory Monitoring?

Recommendation of original Mesa study, November 2003.
9
Implemented by the Mesa and CAO in 2004-2005.
Evaluación de la Calidad del Agua Cajamarca -Perú
Participatory Monitoring
Other
Institutions have implemented participatory programs since 2003.
With assistance from Minera Yanacocha
9Canal
Users
9COMOCA Sur
9COMOCA Este
9
SEDACAJ (municipal water)
9Communities
9Cooperativa
Granja Porcón
9Centro Poblado Yanacancha
9Centro Poblado Llaucán
Mesa Workshop on Participatory Monitoring - 2004
Approximately 50 institutions
participated
Define
technical objectives
Participate
with other
institutions to leverage
results.
Evaluate
data quality.
Create
a database of all
monitoring results.
Interpretation.
Mesa Workshop on Participatory Monitoring

Define community objectives
Encourage
Generate
results.
participation.
confidence in
Communicate
results to
urban and rural people.
Encourage
institutions to
take responsibility.
Participatory Monitoring Program Structure - Staff
CAO
Funding,
oversight
Mesa
Coordination
with
institutions and
community
Technical
team
Field and laboratory
work, database,
interpretation
Participatory Monitoring Program Structure - Volunteers
Veedores
from Mesa
institutions
Observe field work
Coordinate with
community
Technical
Commission
Review work of
technical team
Public communication
Monitoring Locations - 108 total
PORCON
REJO
BASIN: 51 points
BASIN: 12 points
HONDA
Honda Basin
Rejo Basin
BASIN: 16 points
CHONTA
BASIN: 18 points
POTABLE
WATER IN CAJAMARCA:
92 treatment plant discharge points
93 points in the network
Chonta Basin
POINTS
IN THE MINE
94 groundwater wells
92 discharge points
Porcón Basin
Monitoring Frequency

Monthly:
9COMOCA
Sur
9COMOCA Este
9SEDACAJ
9Cooperativa Granja Porcón
9Centro Poblado Llaucán

Quarterly:
9Minera
Yanacocha
9COMOCA Este
Monitoring Analyses

Field Parameters
Total metals
Fecal coliform bacteria
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
WAD cyanide
Samples Collected between July 2004 and August 2005

1044 samples collected by institutions
120 duplicates collected by Mesa
Duplicate samples used to
Evaluate integrity and quality of samples collected by participating
institutions
Credibility and confidence in larger data set

More
rapid results for critical points
Quality Control
The Mesa and the
participating institutions collect
samples at the same location
and time.

Allows technical team to check
whether:

The
samples are altered during
handling and shipping.
The samples are altered at the
laboratory.
Laboratory performance.
Quality Control
COMOCA ESTE
MESA
Cuenca
Chonta
Chonta
Nombre
Canal Azufre
Atunconga
Canal Azufre
Atunconga
Muestra_ID
CAA-1
A-C113-CE
Laboratorio
SGS
ALS
fecha
08-Jun-05
08-Jun-05
PDR
Aluminio
1.46
1.474
1%
Arsénico
0.009
0.009
0%
Cadmio
0.001
Calcio
2.55
Cobre
0.001
Cromo
0.001
Hierro
0.78
0.843
8%
Magnesio
0.2
0.21
5%
Manganeso
0.03
0.0291
3%
Mercurio
0.001
U
0.0004
U
na
Níquel
0.001
U
0.004
U
na
Plata
0.001
U
0.001
U
na
Plomo
0.006
0.01
U
na
Potasio
0.78
0.76
Selenio
0.005
Sodio
1.422
Talio
0.005
Zinc
0.028
U
0.001
U
na
2.66
4%
U
0.003
na
U
0.002
U
0.002
U
3%
U
1.33
U
0.01
0.026
na
na
6%
U
Canal Azufre Atunconga
3
mg/L
Institución
2
1
0
Al
As
Ca
Mg
Mn
K
Na
Zn
Metales Totales
COMOCA ESTE CAA-1 SGS 08-Jun-05
MESA A-C113 ALS 08-Jun-05
The criterion for acceptance of duplicate
samples for total metals is relative
percent difference less than 35%
na
7%
Fe
Source: USEPA 1994
Quality Control - Results
The results are acceptable for the evaluation.
We have confidence in the monitoring conducted by the participating
institutions.

Data Evaluation
The
technical team evaluates data on a monthly basis in comparison to:
National standards
International guidelines
The
technical commission meets several times per month to review the
data interpretation and communicate results
Data Evaluation - National Standards
Evaluation according to the Ley General de Aguas D.L. 17752
Honda Basin

CLASS II:
9 Porcón Basin (rivers and
streams)
Class III
CLASS III:
9 Rejo, Chonta, Honda Basins
(rivers and streams)
9

Class III
Rejo Basin
Porcón, Rejo, Chonta, Honda
Basins (canals)
SUNASS:
9 Potable water in the city of
Cajamarca
Chonta Basin
Class III
Porcón Basin
Class II
Results
Porcón Basin
In general, all the rivers and streams comply with Class II standards
One of the 15 canals does not comply with Clase III standards.

0.15
0.1
LMP Clase III 0.1
0.05
0
Ju
l-0
Au 4
g04
Se
p04
O
c tN 04
ov
-0
4
D
ec
-0
4
Ja
n05
Fe
b05
M
ar0
Ap 5
r -0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05
Plomo mg/L
Canal Encajón Collotán (CEC-1)
Meses
Potable water for the City of Cajamarca complies with the standards of
SUNASS.

Results
Rejo Basin
Au
g05
Ju
n05
Ap
r- 0
5
Fe
b05
De
c04
LMP Clase III: 0.1
O
ct
-0
4
Ju
n04
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
Au
g04
In general, all the rivers, streams
and canals comply with Class III
standards.
Plomo mg/L

Río Rejo (RT-6)
Meses
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0

Fecal coliform bacteria from humans
and animals at some locations and times
did not comply with Class III standards.
Au
g05
Ju
n05
Ap
r- 0
5
Fe
b05
De
c04
O
ct
-0
4
LMP Clase III: 1000
Au
g04
Ju
n04
NMP/100mL
Río Tinte (RT-7)
meses
Coliformes
Results
Qda Pampa Larga (QPL-4)
Honda Basin
Plomo mg/L
0.5
In general, all the rivers and
streams comply with Class
III standards with the
exception of Quebrada
Pampa Larga.
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
LMP Clase III: 0.1
Aug-05
Jul-05
Jun-05
May-05
Apr-05
Mar-05
Feb-05
Jan-05
Dec-04
Nov-04
Oct-04
Sep-04
0
Aug-04

Meses
Plomo mg/L
Canal Campanario
0.14
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
0.128 mg/L
LMP Clase III: 0.1
Mar-05
Apr-05
May-05
Jun-05
Jul-05

Aug-05
m eses
CCAM-1
Water quality in one of three
canals does not comply with
Class III standards.
Results
Chonta Basin
In general, all the rivers and streams
comply with Class III standards.

Plomo mg/L
Qda Chaquicocha (QCH)
0.14
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
LMP Clase III: 0.1
Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05
May- Jun-05
05
Meses
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
LMP Clase III: 0.1

All canals evaluated comply with
Class III standards.
Ju
l-0
Au 4
g0
Se 4
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
v0
De 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
r- 0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05
Plomo mg/L
Canal Azufre Atunconga (CAA-1)
Meses
Results
Río Hornamayo (RHOR)
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
LMP Clase II 4000
5000
0
Fecal coliform bacteria resulting
from human and animal waste
frequently exceed Class II and
III standards and are a concern
in all four basins.
Meses
Canal Colpa (CCOL-1)
Coliformes Fecales
NMP/100mL

Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 May-05 Jun-05
20000
15000
10000
5000
LMP Clase III 1000
Ju
l-0
Au 4
gSe 04
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
vDe 0 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
rM 05
ay
-0
Ju 5
n0
Ju 5
l-0
Au 5
g05
0
Meses
Comparison to International guidelines

Human consumption (WHO, USEPA)
Livestock (State of Nevada - USA, Environment Canada)
Irrigation (FAO, State of Nevada - USA, Environment Canada)
Porcón Basin
Río Porcón (RPO)
Au
g05
Ju
n05
Ap
r- 0
5
Fe
b05
Au
g04
De
c04
OMS: 0
O
ct
-0
4
In general, rivers, streams
and canals comply with
international guidelines
(except for fecal coliform
bacteria).
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
Ju
n04

Coliformes Fecales
Human Consumption
Meses
Plomo mg/L
El Milagro Salida (EMS)
0.012
0.01
0.008
OMS: 0.01

0.006
0.004
0.002
0
4
5
05
05
r- 0
nc-0
ba
a
e
e
J
M
F
D
5
r- 0
p
A
M
5
-0
ay
05
nu
J
5
l-0
u
J
Water that exits the treatment plant
for the City of Cajamarca complies
with international guidelines.
05
gu
A
Meses
Porcón Basin
Canal Quishuar (CQ-1)

In general, rivers and streams
comply with international guidelines
Two of 15 canals do not comply
with international guidelines for
arsenic and lead (Encajón Collotán
and Quishuar)
0.14
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
OMS: 0.01
Ju
l-0
Au 4
g0
Se 4
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
v0
De 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
r- 0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05

Plomo mg/L
Livestock
Meses
Irrigation

0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
OMS: 0.2

Ju
l-0
Au 4
g0
Se 4
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
v0
De 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
r- 0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05
Cobre mg/L
Canal Tual (CTU-3)
In general, rivers and streams
comply with international guidelines
Four of 15 canals do not comply
copper and manganese (Tual,
Encajón Collotán, Quishuar and
Llagamarca)
Meses
Rejo Basin
Qda Shoclla (QSCLL3)
meses
Livestock

In general, rivers, streams and canals comply with international guidelines.
Irrigation

In general, rivers, streams and canals comply with international guidelines.
Au
g05
Ju
n05
Ap
r- 0
5
Fe
b05
De
c04
O
ct
-0
4
OMS: 0.01
Au
g04
In general, rivers and streams comply
with international guidelines, except
for lead (Qda Shoclla) and fecal
coliform bacteria.
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
Ju
n04

Plomo mg/L
Human Consumption
Honda Basin
Human Consumption
In general, rivers, streams and canals comply with international guidelines, except for
lead (Qda Pampa Larga) and selenium (Canal Tual)

0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
Qda Pampa Larga (QPL-4)
Meses
0.5
Plomo mg/L
OMS: 0.01
Ju
l-0
Au 4
g0
Se 4
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
v0
De 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
r- 0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05
Selenio mg/L
Canal Tual (CTU-1)
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
OMS: 0.01
Aug-05
Jul-05
Jun-05
May-05
Apr-05
Mar-05
Feb-05
Jan-05
Dec-04
Nov-04
Oct-04
Sep-04
Aug-04
0
Meses
Honda Basin
Canal Campanario (CCAM-1)

In general, rivers, streams and canals
comply with international guidelines.
One of three canals does not comply
arsenic and lead (Campanario).
Arsénico mg/L
Livestock
0.03
0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
0
Canadá: 0.025
M
5
-0
ar
5
r- 0
p
A
M
5
-0
y
a
05
nu
J
5
l-0
u
J
05
gu
A
Meses
Irrigation

0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
FAO: 0.02
Ju
l-0
Au 4
g0
Se 4
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
v0
De 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
r- 0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05
Cobre mg/L
Canal Tual (CTU-1)

comply with international guidelines,
except for total dissolved solids.
Two of three canals do not comply
Copper and Selenium (Tual), and
Arsenic and Manganese (Campanario).
Meses
Chonta Basin
Canal Azufre Atunconga (CAA-1)
Human Consumption
0.015
OMS: 0.01
0.01
0.005
0
Ju
l-0
Au 4
g0
Se 4
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
v0
De 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
r- 0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05
comply with international guidelines,
except for lead and arsenic (Canal
Azufre Atunconga), lead (Qda San José)
and arsenic and lead (Qda
Chaquicocha).
Meses
Qda Chaquicocha (QCH)
OMS = 0.01
Arsénico mg/L
0.1
0.03
0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
0
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
OMS: 0.01
meses
Meses
Ju
n05
ay
-0
5
M
Ap
r- 0
5
ar
-0
5
M
Fe
b05
De
c04
No
v04
0
Au
g0
Se 4
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
v0
De 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
r- 0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05
Plomo mg/L
Qda San José
Ja
n05

Arsénico mg/L
0.02
Chonta Basin
Livestock

In general, rivers, streams and
canals comply with international
guidelines.
Canal La Shacsha (CSH-1)
Irrigation
Aluminio mg/L
10

8
6
FAO: 5

4
2
Ju
l-0
Au 4
g0
Se 4
p0
O 4
ct
-0
No 4
v0
De 4
c0
Ja 4
n0
Fe 5
b0
M 5
ar
-0
Ap 5
r- 0
M 5
ay
-0
Ju 5
n05
Ju
l-0
Au 5
g05
0
comply with international guidelines.
One of ten canals does not comply
aluminum and manganese (La
Shacsha)
Meses
Recommendations
Human Consumption

Determine the source of drinking
water for rural people.

For those that do not have access to
a potable water source, evaluate the
quality of the source.

Locate alternative sources if
necessary.
Recommendations
Agriculture (Livestock and Irrigation)

Continue to evalaute water quality in:
9 The upper part of Qda Honda,
Honda Basin.
9 The upper part of Río Grande,
Porcon Basin.
9 The upper part of Río San José and
Canal La Shacsha, Chonta Basin.

Determine whether manganese is a
concern for irrigation.
Recommendations
For Future Water Monitoring

Develop better procedures for measuring
flow rates.

Standardize procedures for data quality
control.

Encourage the active participation of
veedores.

Improve coordination and cooperation
between institutions that monitor water.

Evaluate trends in the data month by
month.

Improve the communication of
information to the public.
Communication and Outreach for this Report

General Forums
Rural
officials
Canal
users
Urban
institutions
Government
institutions
Cajamarca
Regional Government
INIA/Agriculture
DESA
Ministry
(regional health ministry)
DREM
(regional Ministry of Energy
and Mines)
CAR
(environment commission of
regional government)
Mesa
de Dialogo of the Municipality
of Cajamarca
CONAM
(Environment)

Water user/canal associations
Tual
Shacsha
Uñigán
Tomacucho
Cocán
Jequetepeque

Villages (Centros Poblados)
Tumbaden
Huacataz
Yanacancha
Baja
NGOs
Defensoria
del Pueblo
International
aid organizations
ITDG
Solidaridad
Internacionál
CEDEPAS
CARE
Perú
Educational
institutions
UPAGU
(private university)
Engineering
college
Press
Acknowledgements

CAO

Participating institutions

Mesa staff in Cajamarca

Technical team
Elizabeth
Carlo
Calderon
Eduardo
Technical
Morales
Montoya
Commission
Marietta
Cesar
Cervantes (INIA)
Torres (COMOCA Sur)
Alejandro
Carlos
DeBary (Minera Yanacocha)
Diez (Solidaridad Internacionál)

Evaluación de la Calidad del Agua Cajamarca, Perú

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