Exercise for Low income populations
Transcripción
Exercise for Low income populations
EXERCISE FOR SPECIFIC POPULATIONS: LOW INCOME Marcellina Lu and Megan Bartlett Overview Definition Prevalence Health risks Benefits of Exercise Barriers to Exercise Ways to Overcome Barriers Exercise Guidelines At home Exercises Nutritional Considerations Progress Being Made Defining Low Income Low Income Cut Offs (LICO) An income threshold that is below the amount of income a family uses to purchase food, clothing, shelter and other necessities These families devote larger amounts of their income than the average family Families typically spend 20% points over average families Cut offs vary by size: 7 family sizes for 5 different populations of areas of residence Defining Low Income Calculating LICO Defining Low Income To be considered as Low Income Status: A person’s LICO is compared to the income of person’s economic family If the economic family income is below cut-off, then all individuals of that family are considered as low income http://higheredwatch.newamerica.net/blogs/2007/03/private_loan_borrowing Prevalence of Low Income in Toronto In 2006, Toronto comprised 13% of low income persons in Canada 35% within Ontario 62% within GTA From 1996-2006, low income increase by 30% within the GTA Approximately 605,000 low income status of Toronto were: 22% Children 16% Youth 50% Working Age 12% Seniors http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area Health Risks 3x higher chance of living a sedentary life for people with a household income under $15 000 compared to people with a household income of at least $ 50 000 1 out of 4 people with an income under $15 000 are obese People from the low income category have a higher risk for more health related issues due to often living a sedentary life Benefits of Exercise Helps in weight management Prevents and fights diseases Cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, depression, certain cancers, arthritis and falls Improves mood Boosts energy Can result in better sleep http://www.diabetesmine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/diabetes-treadmill.jpg Contradictions and Barriers - - - Lack of resources: Gym membership, fitness equipment, support system Transportation: May not have access to a car, may not have public transportation Type of Neighborhood: May not be in safe neighborhood Contradictions and Barriers - - Lack of time: Exercise may not be a priority May find hard to balance if have kids or multiple jobs Lack self confidence/ motivation: If fitness isn’t a priority may not be confident in their abilities Ways to Overcome Barriers Find alternative areas to work out: Outside Use park benches, bleachers, soccer posts Community Look At Center for drop in sports, or free community events Home Use household items for workout along with your own body weight Ways to Overcome Barriers Time Management Schedule and commit to a time most comfortable for you or your client’s schedule Before work While baking or preparing a meal Be a good motivator Some Be clients may be very self conscious aware of little details and be able to cater to them I.e. Work out at home with them Ways to Overcome Barriers Educate on importance of exercise Health/Physiological Mental Benefits Benefits General Exercise Guidelines Cardio: At least 3 times/week, 25-30 minutes moderate-high intensity Resistance: 2-3 times/week Stretching: After every workout ** May need to modify this depending on whether client has any health related issues or not Benefits of an at Home Workout - Doesn’t require paying for childcare - May be more comfortable at home - Can multitask (ex. Let dinner cook while exercising) - Transportation isn’t an issue - Can accommodate their schedule - Doesn’t cost anything (can use household items) At Home Exercises- Warm up - Stairs - High Knees - Towel Jump (Towel on ground and jump back and forth over it) At Home Exercises- Using Soup Cans Soup cans can be used instead of free weights Bicep Curls Tricep Extensions Lateral Raises Reverse fly At Home Exercises- Using Bungee Cords Bungee cords can be used instead of resistance bands Hip adduction and abduction Rows Overhead tricep extension Pull apart At Home Exercises- Using Books Books can be used instead of steps and to increase intensity of workout Calf raises Step ups Push up Leg lifts (sitting with book on shins and lifting legs) Additional At Home Exercises Skipping Plank Mountain Climbers Tricep Dips (using a chair) Nutritional Considerations Many times, low income persons may seek to purchase most convenient or cost effective foods However, may not be the healthiest choices i.e. Frozen dinners, fast foods Promote both good exercise and eating habits This combination provides most well rounded and beneficial health effects Nutritional Considerations Use Canadian Nutritional Food Guide: Progress Being Made Children’s Fitness Tax Credit: - Created by the Government of Canada - Way to help promote physical activity and try to help with costs - Can claim maximum of $500 for money spent on child to take part in activities (ex. Golf lessons, soccer) - Also includes fees paid for after school programs Progress Being Made Leisure Access Program: - Implemented in Edmonton in 2006 - Trying to make it easier for people from low income households to access resources for physical activity - Gives low income families chance to use recreation buildings for free - Also have discounts on certain activity programs and equipment Progress Being Made Ontario’s After School Program: - Created in 2009 - Helps pay for sport related programs meant for youth from low income areas and these happen from 3-6pm - Try to increase activity, promote proper eating, and improve self esteem levels Questions 1. 2. 3. What is the percentage used to determine the LICO? Name 1 barrier to exercise for people from the low income population? Name 2 household items that you could use to workout with? Resources www.bms.com/documents/together_on_diabetes/2012-summit-Atlanta/Physical-Activity-for-Low-IncomePopulations-The-Health-Trust.pdf www.cra-arc.gc.ca/nwsrm/txtps/2013/tt130225-eng.html www.edmontonsocialplanning.ca/content/view/1099/1099 www.mtc.gov.on.ca/en/sport/afterschool/after_school.shtml http://www.diabetes.org/food-and-fitness/food/planning-meals/glycemic-index-anddiabetes.html#What_is_the_glycemic_index http://www.diabetes.org/food-and-fitness/food/planning-meals/the-glycemic-index-of-foods.html http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsweek/Glycemic_index_and_glycemic_load_for_100_foods.htm http://foodforhealth.techno-science.ca/english/FoodForHealth/Health-and-Nutrition/Eating-The-CanadianWay.html http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/news/20100917/exercise-helps-you-sleep http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75f0002m/2009002/s2-eng.htm http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/107/1/e2.full http://www.marilyn.ca/HealthFitness/segments/Daily/March-2011/03_22_2011/SoupcanWorkout