INTRODUCCION AL LIBRO DE LOS CORINTIOS

INTRODUCCION AL LIBRO DE LOS CORINTIOS

INTRODUCCION AL LIBRO DE LOS
CORINTIOS
ESTUDIO DE LA CUIDAD DE
CORINTIOS
•Geografía
•Historia
•Religión
•Arqueología
Hechos 19:22 Y después de
enviar a Macedonia a dos de
los que le ayudaban, a Timoteo
y a Erasto, él mismo se detuvo
por algún tiempo en Asia.
Romanos 16:23 Os saluda
Gayo, hospedador mío y de
toda la iglesia. Os saludan
Erasto, tesorero de la ciudad, y
el hermano Cuarto.
2 Timoteo 4:20 Erasto se
quedó en Corinto, y a Trófimo
lo dejé enfermo en Mileto.
Strabo, Geography, 8.6.20-23
(Late 1st Century BCE-Early 1st Century)
The Wealth of Corinth
[8.6.20] Corinth is called "wealthy" because of its commerce, since it is
situated on the Isthmus and is master of two harbors, of which the one leads
straight to Asia, and the other to Italy; and it makes easy the exchange of
merchandise from both countries that are so far distant from each other. And
just as in early times the Strait of Sicily was not easy to navigate, so also the
high seas, and particularly the sea beyond Maleae, were not, on account of
the contrary winds; and hence the proverb, "But when you double Maleae,
forget your home." At any rate, it was a welcome alternative, for the
merchants both from Italy and from Asia, to avoid the voyage to Maleae and
to land their cargoes here. And also the duties on what by land was exported
from the Peloponnesus and what was imported to it fell to those who held
the keys. And to later times this remained ever so. But to the Corinthians of
later times still greater advantages were added, for also the Isthmian Games,
which were celebrated there, were wont to draw crowds of people.
Hechos 27:9
(RVR1960)
9Y
habiendo
pasado mucho
tiempo, y siendo
ya peligrosa la
navegación, por
haber pasado ya
el ayuno, Pablo
les amonestaba
In the sixth century, Periander built the diolkos
across the isthmus at its narrowest point, i.e.,
from Schoenus on the Saronic Gulf, not far
from Cenchreae, to the opposite bank, a
distance of 5950 meters (Strabo, Geogr. 8.2.1;
8.6.22). Diolkos means “hauling across,” and it
was the name given to a stone-paved road
with channels constructed in it, which guided
the wheels of a movable platform used to
transfer small boats and their cargo across the
isthmus from one gulf to the other. This was
intended to be a shortcut for shipping freight
from Asia to Italy, which would spare small
craft from coping with the wind-swept and
dangerous route around Cape Maleae and the
other capes at the southern tip of the
Peloponnesus.
(The diolkos was a substitute
for a canal, which many
administrators of Corinth and
elsewhere had hoped to
construct throughout the
centuries, e.g., Demetrius I
Poliorcetes of Macedon [end of
the fourth century b.c.]; Julius
Caesar, Caligula, and Nero [in
the first century b.c. and a.d.].
Only in 1881–93 was the
Corinthian Canal finally cut
through the isthmus by French
engineers to connect the two
gulfs.)
CONTEXTO, CONTEXTO, CONTEXTO
• 1 Corintios 6:9-11Reina-Valera 1960 (RVR1960)
• 9 ¿No sabéis que los injustos no heredarán el reino de
Dios? No erréis; ni los fornicarios, ni los idólatras, ni los
adúlteros, ni los afeminados, ni los que se echan con
varones,
• 10 ni los ladrones, ni los avaros, ni los borrachos, ni los
maldicientes, ni los estafadores, heredarán el reino de
Dios.
• 11 Y esto erais algunos; mas ya habéis sido lavados, ya
habéis sido santificados, ya habéis sido justificados en
el nombre del Señor Jesús, y por el Espíritu de nuestro
Dios.
Temple of Aphrodite on the Aco-corinth
www.holylandphotos.com
The Summit of the Acrocorinth by Strabo
Now the summit has a small temple of Aphrodite;
and below the summit is the spring Peirene, which,
although it has no overflow, is always full of
transparent, potable water. And they say that the
spring at the base of the mountain is the joint result
of pressure from this and other subterranean veins
of water--a spring which flows out into the city in
such quantity that it affords a fairly large supply of
water. And there is a good supply of wells
throughout the city, as also, they say, on the Acrocorinthus; but I myself did not see the latter wells.
At any rate, when Euripides says, "I am come,
having left Acro-corinthus that is washed on all
sides, the sacred hill-city of Aphrodite," one should
take "washed on all sides" as meaning in the depths
of the mountain, since wells and subterranean
pools extend through it, or else should assume that
in early times Peirene was wont to rise over the
surface and flow down the sides of the mountain
The Cult of Aphrodite
The patroness of Corinth
Strabo’s comments about Corinth:
And the temple of Aphrodite was so rich that it owned
more than a thousand temple slaves, courtesans, whom
both men and women had dedicated to the goddess.
And therefore it was also on account of these women
that the city was crowded with people and grew rich; for
instance, the ship captains freely squandered their
money, and hence the proverb, "Not for every man is
the voyage to Corinth." Moreover, it is recorded that a
certain courtesan said to the woman who reproached
her with the charge that she did not like to work or
touch wool: "Yet, such as I am, in this short time I have
taken down three webs."
Compare to 1 Corinthians 6:1-20
Asclepius - son of Apollo; a hero
and the Roman god of medicine
and healing; his daughters were
Hygeia and Panacea
The ancient Greek god of
medicine and healing,
worshiped by the Romans as
Aesculapius.
The Isthmian games were held near Corinth, in a rural
sanctuary on the Isthmos, that is the small neck of
land that connects the Peloponnesian peninsula with
Central Greece. They were organized by the city
Corinth, until 146 BC, when Corinth was completely
destroyed by the Romans. For some time the games
moved to the city Sicyon. In 40 BC Corinth got hold of
the organization again and about AD 40 the games
moved back to the Isthmos.
The Isthmian games were part of the periodos. They
were held in the spring of the first and the third year
of every olympiad. The games were dedicated to
Poseidon and to Palaimon, a hero from one of the
foundation myths. Already in the eleventh century
BC, there was a cult place for Poseidon on the
Isthmos. The temple was built in the early seventh
century and the games were founded in 582 BC.
The program consisted of three parts. The horse races were the most
important part for these games, for Poseidon was the patron of this sport.
Besides there were athletic contests and from the fifth century onwards also
musical contests
The prize was originally a crown of pine branches. In the fifth century BC,
this was replaced by a crown of dried celery. The participants came from all
over the Greek world. Only for the inhabitants of Elis it was forbidden to
attend the Isthmian games. Consequently they could never become
periodos-winners. In the first century AD, there were also Isthmian contests
for girls.
The Isthmian games were used by many (e.g. the Roman Flamininus ) as a
forum for political propaganda. The Isthmos was easy to reach both from
land as from sea, and was therefore a natural meeting place. Moreover,
Corinth was a large and important city, unlike Elis or Delphi.
http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/t
b003en.html
Hechos 18:12-15 (RVR1960)
12 Pero siendo Galión procónsul de Acaya, los
judíos se levantaron de común acuerdo contra
Pablo, y le llevaron al tribunal,
13 diciendo: Este persuade a los hombres a honrar
a Dios contra la ley.
14 Y al comenzar Pablo a hablar, Galión dijo a los
judíos: Si fuera algún agravio o algún crimen
enorme, oh judíos, conforme a derecho yo os
toleraría.
15 Pero si son cuestiones de palabras, y de
nombres, y de vuestra ley, vedlo vosotros; porque
yo no quiero ser juez de estas cosas.
Gallio was the proconsul of Achaia while Paul was
in Corinth (Acts 18:12). To view the “bema” in
Corinth, before which Paul appeared in the
presence of Gallio,
The inscription is written in Greek and is a copy
of a decree of the Roman Emperor Claudius (A.D.
41–54) who commanded L. Iunius Gallio, the
governor, to assist in settling additional elite
persons in Delphi—in an effort to revitalize it.
The inscription dates between April and July A.D.,
52, and from it, it can be deduced that Gallio was
the proconsul of Achaia in the previous year.
Thus Paul’s eighteenth month stay in Corinth
(Acts 18:1–18) included the year 51. This
inscription is critical in helping to establish the
Chronology of Paul as presented in the book of
Acts.
Text taken from holylandphotos.com
ASCLEPIO
Era el dios de la curación.
La vara fue, durante mucho
tiempo, símbolo de la
profesión médica, y la
serpiente, que muda
periódicamente de piel,
simboliza, por lo tanto, el
rejuvenecimiento.
Juegos Ístmicos
Los Juegos Ístmicos fueron unos Juegos
Panhelénicos de la Antigua Grecia, llamados
así porque se celebraban en el istmo de
Corinto, un año después de las fiestas Piticas,
en honor de Poseidón. El santuario
panhelénico de este dios en Corinto fue
acondicionado para darles acogida en 690 a. C.
La excepcional situación geográfica de Corinto
«enclavada entre dos mares», en el estrecho
istmo que une las dos partes de la Grecia
continental, contribuyó al éxito y a la
importancia política de los Juegos Ístmicos,
con Poseidón y Melicertes como figuras claves.
Calendario
Los Juegos Ístmicos tenían lugar cada dos años en primavera
(marzo) y duraban varios días.
El programa era idéntico al de Olimpia. Abarcaba todos los
deportes gimnásticos e hípicos, con especial énfasis en estos
últimos. Se disputaban sucesivamente el pugilato, la carrera, el
salto, el lanzamiento de disco y el de jabalina.
Cuando en el siglo IV a. C. se construyó el teatro. Según Plutarco
se añadieron competiciones musicales y poéticas (entre otras el
arte de la dicción) e incluso una prueba de pintura.
Hasta al menos el siglo V a. C., se premiaba a los vencedores con
coronas de apio.4 Más tarde con guirnaldas de pino.5 6
Desde el 228 a. C. los romanos pudieron participar. En cambio los
eleos estaban excluidos a perpetuidad. Según Pausanias, fueron
excluidos porque durante la tregua sagrada Heracles tendió una
emboscada y dio muerte a los hijos de Actor, que se dirigían a los
Juegos Ístmicos.
Según la versión elea, fueron los eleos los que se negaron a
competir porque dos hijos de Prolao, un distinguido ciudadano
de Élide, fueron asesinados por unos rivales durante los Juegos.
Según la tercera versión, Cipselo, fundador de los Juegos,
consagró una figura de oro a Zeus en Olimpia, pero murió antes
de que su nombre figurara en ella. Los eleos no quisieron
conceder permiso para reponer el nombre póstumamente, por
lo cual los corintios excluyeron a los atletas de Élide. Corinto se
encargaba de la organización de los Juegos Ístmicos.
Augora
Understanding the type of houses
Sacerdote
Imperial
de
Roma
Mujer
modesta
con la
Palla
Toga
y
Palla