hiv/aids awareness days - Ryan White Planning Council

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HIV /AI DS
FEB
7
National Black HIV/AIDS
Awareness Day
MAY
18
AWA R EN ESS DAYS
MAR
10
MAR
20
National Women and Girls
HIV/AIDS Awareness Day
MAY
19
National Native HIV/AIDS
Awareness Day
JUN
8
JUNE 8
HIV Vaccine Awareness Day
JUN
27
National HIV Testing Day
OCT
15
National Latino AIDS
Awareness Day
National Asian & Pacific Islander
SEP
18
Caribbean American
SEP
27
National HIV/AIDS and
Aging Awareness Day
National Gay Men’s
DEC
1
World AIDS Day
Scan the QR code with your smartphone
for HIV/AIDS Awareness Day information
and other resources
SUPPORT THE NATIONAL HIV/AIDS STRATEGY LEARN MORE AT AIDS.GOV
http://www.niaid.nih.gov/news/events/hvad/Pages/default.aspx
Be the Generation
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NIAID
HIV/AIDS Publications
Every generation has its great cause--together we can be the generation that ends the
AIDS epidemic
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th
May 18 is HIV Vaccine Awareness Day (HVAD). This annual observance is a day to recognize and thank the
thousands of volunteers, community members, health professionals, and scientists who are working together to find
a safe and effective HIV vaccine. It is also a day to educate our communities about the importance of preventive
HIV vaccine research.
In recognition of HIV Vaccine Awareness Day, community activities and media events are being held around the
country.
Learn more about HIV Vaccine Awareness Day, events, and how to conduct activities in
your community:
News Release and Statements
Learn more about HIV Vaccines:
Fact Sheets, Brochures, and Question & Answers
NIAID Online Resources
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Last Updated May 10, 2011
1 of 1
BE THE
GENERATION
TO FIND A VACCINE TO PREVENT HIV
The HIV/AIDS crisis is not over. Why do we need a preventive HIV vaccine?
• There is NO cure for AIDS.
More than 33 MILLION
people WORLDWIDE
are living with HIV.1
• A preventive HIV vaccine could help save millions of lives and
billions of dollars each year in treatment costs.
• Safe, effective, and affordable vaccines that can prevent HIV are
the best hope for controlling and/or ending the AIDS epidemic.
More than 20 MILLION
LIVES have been lost
due to HIV/AIDS
related illness.1
1
Source: http://data.unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2008/ JC1511_GR08_ExecutiveSummary_en.pdf
The need for an HIV vaccine remains urgent. Once infected,
most people will eventually need to stay on treatment for the
rest of their lives. But treatment
WHAT IS A VACCINE?
A vaccine helps 9our bod9 learn
how to fight off a virus, such as
HIV. A preventive HIV vaccine
would protect HIV-negative
people from being infected with
or getting sick from HIV.
What is the difference between a preventive HIV vaccine and a cure for AIDS?
A preventive HIV vaccine would prevent infection in a person who does not already have HIV. A
cure for AIDS would remove the virus from the body of a person who is already infected.
The long-term goal is to develop a vaccine that protects everyone from getting infected with HIV.
But even a vaccine that protects only some people would still be very helpful. Such a vaccine
could decrease the number of people who are infected with HIV, which would reduce the
number of people who can pass the virus on to others.
Right now, people infected with HIV can take antiretroviral therapy to help control the virus and
prevent it from progressing into full-blown AIDS. This therapy‣a combination of drugs‣helps
people stay well for a longer time, but it is not a cure. Treatments are complex and costly, and
they can sometimes cause serious side effects. They also require people to take pills every day
for the rest of their lives.
just slows disease—there is no cure. We cannot stop the
Could vaccines help people who are already infected with HIV?
HIV/AIDS epidemic with care
Researchers are also looking to see whether HIV vaccines could help people who are already
infected with HIV. If effective, such a vaccine would teach the body to control HIV infection, so
the progression from silent HIV infection to full-blown AIDS would happen much more slowly‣or
even be stopped. Vaccines used in this way would be called “therapeutic” vaccines. We don’t
know if a vaccine that prevents HIV infection would also be therapeutic for HIV-infected
individuals. It is possible that different types of vaccines might be needed for both HIV
prevention and HIV therapy. Researchers are working to develop and test both kinds of vaccines.
and treatment alone. Prevention is essential.
Learn more at bethegeneration.nih.gov.
What is happening in preventive HIV vaccine research?
• There is still no preventive HIV vaccine.
VACCINES DRAMATICALLY
REDUCE DISEASES
• Many agencies are working together to develop and test preventive HIV vaccines.
These include U.S. government agencies such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH),
foreign governments, universities, foundations, nonprofit organizations, and biotech and
drug companies.
Vaccines have pla9ed an
important part in the
elimination of diseases
like diphtheria, smallpo8,
and paral9tic polio. The9
have also helped to
dramaticall9 reduce
several other diseases.
• It takes many participants to do HIV vaccine research. Already more than 28,000 volunteers
have participated in research supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases (NIAID), a part of the NIH.
For example, vaccines helped reduce the number of
cases of mumps from 152,209 in 1968 to 6,584 in
2006‣that's a 95.7 percent decrease.
(47,745)3
(152,209)4
95.7% Decrease
(503,282)2
99.9% Decre ase
100% Decre ase
5
4
3
2
1
0
MEASLES RUBELLA MUMPS
99.9% Decre ase
POLIO
(16,316)1
0.1%
0.1%
(55)
(11)
Why is it taking so long to create an HIV vaccine?
More than 25 years to develop an HIV vaccine might seem like a long time, but most vaccines
we use today took at least 30 years to develop.
• HIV can “hide” from the antibodies that protect the body.
4.3%
(0)
• Each new research discovery helps guide future efforts in vaccine design and testing.
HIV is a tricky virus:
(6,584)
0%
• In 2009, a vaccine tested in Thailand was able to cut down HIV infections by about one third.
This gives us hope that we can one day find a vaccine that works well for everyone.
• There are many different types of HIV, and the virus changes rapidly, even in a
single infected person.
• Vaccines don't always work in humans the same way they work in animals.
Human efficacy trials are needed, and they are costly and take a lot of time.
What’s in HIV vaccines?
Baseline 20th Century Annual Cases in U.S.
• The preventive HIV vaccines tested in people do not use weakened or dead versions of HIV.
2006 Cases in U.S.
Percent Decrease
Source: MMWR 2007;56(33):851-64
1. Average number of reported cases per year 1951-1954
4. Number of reported cases in 1968
• Instead, HIV vaccines contain genes or proteins that look like those found in the real virus.
They do not have all the parts of the HIV virus needed to cause infection. The vaccines cannot
give people HIV.
What are the risks of participating in an HIV vaccine study?
• All clinical trials have some risks, but there is no risk of getting HIV from preventive vaccines
tested in people.
• Like many vaccines, the HIV vaccines used in clinical trials may cause side effects such as
soreness from the shot, a mild fever, and/or body aches. These side effects tend to go away
quickly on their own.
Vic Sorrell
Nashville, TN
: I currentl9 educate people in m9 communit9 about and
recruit for an HIV Vaccine Trials Network vaccine stud9
called ‘Hope Takes Action.’ It!s m9 job to ensure that the
Nashville ga9 communit9 is aware of the opportunit9 to
volunteer for HIV vaccine studies at Vanderbilt.
It!s also ke9 for our program to keep accurate
educational information about HIV vaccine research
moving through the local conversation. Maintaining
consistent visibilit9 at events and using social media to
engage those we hope to reach have proven successful
to our mission here in Nashville.
An HIV vaccine is important in our generation
because it appears to be the single most
effective tool in development for eradicating
the HIV pandemic we have come to know.;
Philadelphia, PA
: I’m a past participant of an HIV vaccine research stud9.
I think it!s important that we find an HIV
vaccine in our generation because we!ve
alread9 lost too man9 of our brothers and
sisters to this epidemic.
Kevin Jones
A safe and effective HIV vaccine will add additional
tools to our prevention toolkits. Having additional
options to prevent the spread of this deadl9 disease
will allow us to live our lives more freel9 and
more responsibl9.;
• Some HIV vaccines in clinical trials could cause participants to test “positive” on an HIV antibody
test even if they’re not infected with HIV. This is because the vaccine caused their body to make
antibodies against HIV. Most HIV tests look for antibodies that the body makes to fight off the
virus, rather than testing for the presence of the virus itself. Other tests can tell whether
someone is actually infected with HIV or is just making antibodies in response to a vaccine.
Carmen Zorrilla
San Juan, Puerto Rico
: I!m an Obstetrician G9necologist who has
How do you know if the research is being done right?
• Clinical trial researchers have to follow strict ethical and legal standards, and most clinical
research must follow federal laws that protect study participants.
• All of the possible known risks are fully described as part of the informed consent process.
All participants must acknowledge that they understand these risks and then sign a consent
form before they can join the clinical trial.
• A clinical trial follows a carefully designed protocol, a study plan that details what
researchers will do.
• A group of independent experts regularly reviews the clinical trial to oversee patient safety
and make sure the study follows the protocol.
• Side effects are reported to the study investigator, who takes appropriate medical action,
if needed. Side effects are also reported to study reviewers who monitor the study closely
for participant safety.
• Participants can leave the study at any time.
How do we know a vaccine works?
Once a test vaccine (called a vaccine candidate) has passed safety tests in laboratory
and animal studies, it is tested in studies with human participants. Healthy, HIV-negative
participants sign up and are picked at random to get either the vaccine or a placebo.
A placebo, in this case, is a substance that looks just like the vaccine but does not have
vaccine in it. Participants do not know whether they are getting a placebo or the vaccine.
Studies are done first with small numbers of participants at low risk for HIV infection to
confirm a vaccine’s safety and test human immune responses to it. An immune response
shows that the body has detected the vaccine and has begun reacting to it.
If the vaccine passes the first rounds of testing, it may be tested among a larger number
of participants at risk of HIV infection to see if the vaccine works. All participants in these
trials get counseling and services to prevent HIV infection. Even so, some participants still
become infected through unprotected sex or injection drug use. When the trial ends,
researchers compare the HIV infection rate of those who got the test vaccine with the
infection rate of those who got a placebo to see if there are fewer infections among the
group who got the vaccine.
been working with women living with HIV
for the past 25 9ears and with HIV vaccine
studies for the past 8 9ears. I e8plain to the
individuals I see in m9 practice the
importance of an HIV vaccine and how we
stud9 vaccine candidates to find the one
that would work and protect people.
After it is tested in low risk people, a
vaccine needs to be tested in volunteers
at higher risk of infection to see if it
works. These vaccines are usuall9 tested
in communities with a high rate of HIV.
Despite receiving counseling during the
trial and their own risk reduction efforts,
some volunteers ma9 still become infected.
Therefore, these studies follow participants
over time to see if the vaccine provides
an9 level of protection.;
WHAT CAN ITO DO
HELP?
1 Learn the facts about HIV vaccine research at
www.bethegeneration.nih.gov.
2 Let others know you are supportive of HIV vaccine research.
3 Talk to friends and family about the need for an HIV vaccine
and the importance of trial participation by people of all races
and ethnicities, sexes, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
4 Encourage vaccine participants and/or become one yourself.
5 Join a community advisory board, or CAB. A CAB is made up of
people from a community where HIV vaccine trials are taking
place. CAB members give input about study decisions and
local context. They also educate and prepare the community
for vaccine clinical trials. A CAB helps ensure that a trial
meets the needs of a community.
For more information, email [email protected] or go to:
www.bethegeneration.nih.gov
This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,
National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHSN266200600023T.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Allerg9 and Infectious Diseases
Division of AIDS
May 2011
NIH Publication
No. 11-7765
SE LA
GENERACIÓN
QUE ENCUENTRE UNA VACUNA CONTRA EL VIH
La crisis del VIH/SIDA no ha terminado. ¿Por qué necesitamos una vacuna contra el VIH?
• No existe tratamiento que cure el SIDA.
Más de 33 millones de
personas en el mundo
viven con el VIH.1
Y más de 20 MILLONES DE VIDAS se han perdido a causa de enfermedades
relacionadas con el
VIH/SIDA.1
1
Fuente: http://data.unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2008/ JC1511_GR08_ExecutiveSummary_en.pdf
La necesidad de encontrar una
vacuna contra el VIH sigue siendo
urgente. Una vez que las personas se
infectan con el VIH, la mayoría de ellas
eventualmente necesitará estar en
tratamiento por el resto de su vida.
Pero el tratamiento solamente retarda
el desarrollo de la enfermedad—aún
no existe una cura. La prevención del VIH es fundamental ya que no
podemos detener la epidemia del
VIH/SIDA solamente con cuidados
y tratamiento. Para más información visita bethegeneration.nih.gov.
• Una vacuna contra el VIH podría ayudar a salvar millones de vidas y a ahorrar miles de
millones de dólares en costos de tratamiento cada año.
• La mejor esperanza para controlar y/o acabar con la epidemia del SIDA, son vacunas
contra el VIH que sean seguras, efectivas y económicas.
¿Cuál es la diferencia entre una vacuna contra el
VIH y una cura para el SIDA?
Una vacuna contra el VIH evitaría la infección en las personas que todavía no tengan el VIH.
Pero si tuviéramos una cura para el SIDA, esta eliminaría el virus del cuerpo de una persona
que ya este infectada. Actualmente, las personas infectadas con el VIH pueden usar
tratamientos con fármacos antirretrovirales para controlar el virus y evitar que se multiplique
y produzca la enfermedad del SIDA. Estos tratamientos consisten en una combinación de
fármacos que ayudan a las personas a mantenerse saludable por más tiempo, pero no las
cura. Los tratamientos son complejos y costosos y, a veces, pueden causar efectos
secundarios graves. Además, requieren que las personas tomen pastillas todos los días por
el resto de sus vidas.
¿Las vacunas pueden ayudar a las personas que ya están infectadas por el VIH?
Los investigadores también están tratando de determinar si las vacunas contra el VIH
podrían ayudar a las personas que ya están infectadas por el VIH. Si una vacuna es efectiva,
esta ayudaría al cuerpo a controlar la infección por el VIH de modo que el progreso de la
infección por el VIH a la enfermedad del SIDA ocurra más lentamente—o incluso, se podría
detener. Las vacunas que se usan de esta forma se llaman vacunas “terapéuticas”. No
sabemos si una vacuna que prevenga la infección por el VIH también sea terapéutica para
aquellas personas que ya están infectadas por el VIH. Es posible que se necesiten diferentes
tipos de vacunas para la prevención y tratamiento del VIH. Los investigadores están
trabajando para desarrollar y probar ambos tipos de vacunas.
Socrates Trujillo
Washington, DC
“ Mi nombre es Socrates Trujillo Preciado. Yo soy de la
Ciudad de Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico, y actualmente
vivo en la Ciudad de Laurel, Maryland, Estados Unidos.
Soy investigador en el área de biología molecular para
la agencia que se encarga de la Administración de
Alimentos y Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos.
Tambien, yo participo como voluntario en la
investigación para la vacuna contra el virus de la
¿QUÉ ES UNA VACUNA? Una vacuna le enseña al cuerpo a defenderse de
un virus, como el VIH. Una vacuna contra el VIH
protegería a las personas que son VIH-negativo
contra la infección causada por el VIH.
LAS VACUNAS REDUCEN
EXTRAORDINARIAMENTE
LAS ENFERMEDADES Las vacunas han jugado un papel importante
en la erradicación de enfermedades tales como
la difteria, la viruela y la poliomielitis; también
han ayudado a reducir enormemente otras
enfermedades, como la incidencia de las Paperas
de 152.209 casos en el año 1968 a 6.584 casos
en 2006. Esto significa una reducción del 95,7!.
(152.209)3
5
4
3
2
1
0
95,7% Disminución
PAPERAS
(503.282)2
99,9% Dismin ución
SARAMPIÓN
100% Disminu ción
POLIO
(16.316)1
4,3%
(6.584)
0%
(0)
0,1%
(55)
inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). He participado en
cuatro estudios, desde el 2003 hasta la fecha.
Es importante encontrar una vacuna
contra el VIH porque nadie debería
estar expuesto a este virus, creo que
contamos con el poder humano para
lograrlo.”
¿Qué novedades hay en el campo de la investigación de las vacunas contra el VIH?
• Todavía no existe una vacuna contra el VIH.
• Muchas entidades están trabajando conjuntamente para desarrollar y probar vacunas contra
el VIH. Tales entidades incluyen agencias gubernamentales de los Estados Unidos como los
Institutos Nacionales de la Salud (NIH, por sus siglas en inglés), gobiernos extranjeros,
universidades, fundaciones, organizaciones sin fines de lucro y compañías de biotecnología
y fármacos.
• Las investigaciones de las vacunas contra el VIH requieren muchos participantes. Más de
28.000 voluntarios ya han participado en investigaciones apoyadas por el Instituto Nacional de
Alergia y Enfermedades Infecciosas (NIAID, por sus siglas en inglés), el cual es parte de los NIH.
• En el 2009, una vacuna que se probó en Tailandia tuvo la habilidad de reducir
aproximadamente un tercio de las infecciones por el VIH. Esto nos da la esperanza de que
un día podremos encontrar una vacuna que funcione bien para todos.
• Cada descubrimiento nuevo de la investigación ayuda a guiar esfuerzos futuros para el diseño y
pruebas de las vacunas.
¿Por qué está tomando tanto tiempo crear una vacuna contra el VIH?
Más de 25 años para desarrollar una vacuna contra el VIH puede parecer mucho tiempo,
pero tomó por lo menos 30 años para desarrollar la mayor parte de las vacunas que
usamos actualmente.
El VIH es un virus difícil porque:
• Se puede “esconder” de los anticuerpos que protegen el cuerpo.
• Hay muchos tipos distintos de VIH, y el virus cambia rápidamente, incluso en una
sola persona infectada.
• Las vacunas no siempre funcionan en los seres humanos de la misma forma que
funcionan en animales.
¿Qué contienen las vacunas contra el VIH?
Base de casos anuales en el siglo 20 en los EE.UU.
Casos en EE.UU. en el año 2006
Porcentaje de disminución
• Las vacunas contra el VIH que se prueban en las personas no usan versiones atenuadas
(debilitadas) ni muertas del VIH.
• En vez de eso, las vacunas contra el VIH contienen genes o proteínas que se parecen a las que se
encuentran en el virus real. Pero estas vacunas no tienen todas las partes del VIH necesarias
para causar la infección. Por eso, las vacunas no pueden contagiar a nadie con el VIH.
Fuente: MMWR 2007;56(33):851-64
1. Número promedio de casos reportados por año (1951-1954)
2. Número promedio de casos reportados por año (1958-1962)
3. Número de casos reportados en 1968
¿Cuáles son los riesgos de participar en un estudio de vacunas contra el VIH?
• Todos los estudios clínicos tienen ciertos riesgos, pero no existe el riesgo de contraer el
VIH por medio de las vacunas preventivas que se prueban en las personas.
• Al igual que muchas otras vacunas, las vacunas contra el VIH que se usan en los ensayos
clínicos pueden causar efectos secundarios tales como un poco de dolor en el lugar donde
se pone la inyección, fiebre ligera y/o dolores musculares. Estos efectos secundarios
tienden a desaparecer rápidamente por si solos.
Seattle, WA
Luis Viquez
“ Mi nombre es Luis Viquez, soy de Costa Rica y vivo en
Seattle, Washington. Soy educador comunitario sobre
las vacunas y pruebas del VIH.
Encontrar una vacuna contra el VIH
es imperativo y la mejor solución
para detener esta epidemia.”
• Algunas de las vacunas contra el VIH de los estudios clínicos podrían causar que los
participantes resulten “positivo” en una prueba de anticuerpos del VIH, aun si no están
infectados con el VIH. Esto se debe a que la vacuna ha hecho que los cuerpos de estas
personas produzcan anticuerpos contra el VIH. Hay otras pruebas que pueden indicar si
alguien realmente está infectado con el VIH o si solamente está produciendo anticuerpos
en respuesta a una vacuna.
¿Cómo se sabe si la investigación se está haciendo correctamente?
• Los investigadores de los estudios clínicos tienen que seguir reglas legales y éticas
estrictas. Además, la mayoría de las investigaciones clínicas deben cumplir con leyes
federales que protegen a los participantes de los estudios.
• Todos los riesgos posibles conocidos se describen completamente en un formulario de
consentimiento que todos los participantes deben entender y firmar antes de que puedan
participar en el estudio clínico.
• Los estudios clínicos siguen un protocolo cuidadosamente diseñado, un plan de estudio
que especifica en detalle lo que harán los investigadores.
• Un grupo de expertos independientes revisa con regularidad cada ensayo clínico para
supervisar la protección de los participantes y garantizar que el estudio sigua el protocolo.
• Los efectos secundarios son reportados al investigador del estudio, quien toma la acción
médica apropiada en caso de ser necesaria. Además, son reportados a los inspectores que
monitorean el estudio cautelosamente para la protección de los participantes.
• Los participantes pueden dejar de ser parte del estudio en cualquier momento.
¿Cómo se sabe si una vacuna funciona?
Una vez que la vacuna en estudio (conocida como vacuna candidata) ha pasado las pruebas
de seguridad en ensayos de laboratorio y con animales, es probada en estudios clínicos con
personas voluntarias saludables. Los voluntarios saludables (VIH-negativos) se inscriben y
son elegidos al azar para recibir la vacuna o un placebo. Un placebo, en este caso, es una
substancia que tiene la misma apariencia que la vacuna, pero que no contiene la vacuna.
Los participantes no saben si están recibiendo un placebo o la vacuna. Los estudios se
realizan primero con números pequeños de participantes a bajo riesgo de contraer la
infección por el VIH para confirmar la seguridad de la vacuna y para probar las respuestas
inmunológicas de las personas ante ella. Una respuesta inmunológica indica que el cuerpo
ha detectado la vacuna y ha empezado a reaccionar ante ella.
Si la vacuna pasa la primera ronda de pruebas, se puede probar entre un número más
grande de participantes a riesgo de contraer el VIH. Todos los participantes de estos
estudios clínicos reciben asesoramiento y servicios para prevenir la infección por el VIH. A
pesar de esto, algunos participantes aun contraen el VIH a través de sexo sin protección o
uso de drogas inyectadas. Cuando el estudio clínico termina, los investigadores pueden
comparar la tasa de infección de VIH de quienes recibieron la vacuna en prueba con la tasa
de infección de quienes recibieron el placebo para ver si hubo menos infecciones entre el
grupo que recibió la vacuna.
Carmen Zorrilla
San Juan, Puerto Rico
“ Soy Carmen Zorrilla, obstetra y
ginecóloga que ha trabajado con
mujeres que viven con el VIH por los
últimos 25 años y con estudios de
vacunas para el VIH por los últimos 8
años. Yo le explico a las personas que
atiendo la importancia de encontrar una
vacuna contra el VIH y como se estudian
las vacunas para encontrar una que sea
eficaz y proteja a las personas.
Luego de ser probada en personas a
bajo riesgo de infección del VIH, la
vacuna en estudio debe ser probada
también en voluntarios a más alto riesgo
de infección para determinar si funciona.
Estas vacunas usualmente son
estudiadas en comunidades que tienen
altas tasas de VIH. Pero a pesar de
recibir consejería durante el estudio y
sus propios esfuerzos para reducir los
riesgos de infección, algunos voluntarios
pueden aún infectarse con el VIH. Por
eso, estos estudios monitorean a los
participantes por un tiempo
determinado para saber si la vacuna
provee algún nivel de protección.”
¿CÓMO
PUEDO
AYUDAR?
1
Mantente informado sobre la investigación de las vacunas contra el
VIH. Visita www.bethegeneration.nih.gov.
2
Hazle saber a otros que apoyas la investigación de las vacunas
contra el VIH.
3
Habla con tus amigos y familiares sobre la necesidad de encontrar
una vacuna contra el VIH y la importancia de la participación de
personas de todas las razas, grupos étnicos, sexos y grupos
socioeconómicos en los estudios.
4
Apoya a los participantes de la investigación de las vacunas y/o
considera participar tu mismo.
5
Únete a una junta de asesoría comunitaria (CAB, por sus siglas en
Inglés) las cuales están formadas por personas de las comunidades
donde se realizan los estudios de las vacunas contra el VIH. Los
miembros de un CAB ofrecen sus opiniones sobre las decisiones del
estudio y el contexto local. También pueden educar y preparar a la
comunidad para los estudios clínicos de las vacunas. Un CAB ayuda
a asegurar que los estudios clínicos satisfagan las necesidades de
sus comunidades.
Para obtener más información, manda una nota de correo electrónico a [email protected] o visita
www.bethegeneration.nih.gov
Este proyecto ha sido financiado en su totalidad o en parte con fondos federales del Instituto Nacional de Alergia y Enfermedades Infecciosas,
parte de los Institutos Nacionales de la Salud, Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos, contrato No HHSN266200600023T.
DEPARTAMENTO DE SALUD Y SERVICIOS HUMANOS DE EE. UU.
Institutos Nacionales de la Salud
Instituto Nacional de Alergia y Enfermedades Infecciosas
División del SIDA
Mayo de 2010
NIH Publication
No. 11-7765S
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Press
Room
About
NEWS AND EVENTS
MAY 19: NATIONAL ASIAN & PACIFIC ISLANDER HIV/AIDS
AWARENESS DAY
One of the key achievements of the Banyan Tree Project to date is the
establishment of National Asian & Pacific Islander HIV/AIDS Awareness Day on
May 19th. This day is officially recognized by the U.S. Department of Health &
Human Services. The first National Awareness Day was held in 2005. Each year,
this day is commemorated with events around the country designed to promote the
Banyan Tree Project goals.
WHAT HAPPENS ON THIS DAY?
Organizations around the country dedicated to providing HIV/AIDS services to
A&PIs host events in their communities to raise awareness about the impact of
HIV/AIDS-related stigma.
Here are some highlights from May 19, 2010:
We increased the number of National A&PI HIV/AIDS Awareness Day
events from 13 in 2009 to 25 in 2010.
We continued partnership with LOGO, but expanded our public service
announcement placement to online venues like Hulu.com.
New events where held in Irvine and El Segundo, CA, as well as in Tulsa, OK
and Springdale, AR.
In San Francisco, the banner May 19, 2010 event was a press conference
featuring Ryan Ong Palao, also known as Ongina, California
Assemblywoman Fiona Ma, and epidemiologist Dr. Tri Do speaking about
the rising rates of HIV and hepatitis B infection in A&PI communities.
We partnered with Asian Pacific Americans for Progress to do 25 blog posts
the week of May 19.
We increase the number of new visitors to the Banyan Tree Project website
by over 1000%.
We started a series of community videos which are on the Banyan Tree
Project homepage
OTHER HIV/AIDS AWARENESS DAYS
National Asian & Pacific Islander HIV/AIDS Awareness Day is one of eleven
federally recognized HIV/AIDS Awareness Days that happen throughout the year.
In recognition of National A&PI HIV/AIDS Awareness Day, the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services has created a National HIV/AIDS Observance Days
Web site.
We actively partner in promoting these other awareness days and their activities. To
find out more about a specific awareness day, please click below. (Links lead to
agencies or organizations that coordinate that particular awareness day.)
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Make your own I'm Talking About HIV
sign
http://www.banyantreeproject.org/awarenessday.php
Distance
The other awareness days, in calendar order, are:
5 Miles
February 7: National Black AIDS Awareness Day
March 10: National Women & Girls HIV/AIDS Awareness Day
March 20: National Native HIV/AIDS Awareness Day
TestingSites
Services
HIV Testing
Housing
May 18: HIV Vaccine Awareness Day
Health Centers
June 8: Caribbean American HIV/AIDS Awareness Day
Ryan White HIV Care
June 27: National HIV Testing Day
Mental Health
September 18: National HIV/AIDS & Aging Awareness Day
Substance Abuse
September 27: National Gay Men's HIV/AIDS Awareness Day
Family Planning
October 15: National Latino AIDS Awareness Day
December 1: World AIDS Day
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Feedback
CDC Disclaimer: This site contains HIV prevention messages that may not be appropriate for all audiences. If you are not seeking such information or may be offended by such
materials, please exit this website.
The Banyan Tree Project is a program of Asian & Pacific Islander Wellness Center
Our partners are nonprofit and community-based organizations dedicated to providing HIV referrals, education, outreach, advocacy, prevention and care services to A&PI
communities.
This web site was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 1U65PS002095-01 from The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the
responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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The ABCs of
Viral Hepatitis
More than 4 million Americans have viral hepatitis and an estimated 85,000 become infected
each year. When a person first gets viral hepatitis, he or she can develop a very mild illness with
few or no symptoms or get a more serious illness lasting months. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C can
progress to a “chronic” or lifelong infection, which can cause serious health problems including
liver damage, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and even death. Most people with chronic hepatitis do not
know they are infected and can go 20 or 30 years without showing symptoms.
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Important facts
• Dramatic decreases in the
U.S. over the last 20 years
largely due to
vaccination efforts
• Outbreaks still occur in
the U.S.
• Common in many
countries, especially those
without modern sanitation
• 50100 times more infectious than HIV
• Approximately 350 million people worldwide have
Hepatitis B
• An estimated twothirds of people with Hepatitis B
do not know they are infected
• 1 in 12 Asian Americans has chronic Hepatitis B
• A leading cause of liver cancer, especially among
Asian Americans
• An estimated threefourths of people do not know
they are infected
• Of people with chronic Hepatitis C, 2 out of every 3
are baby boomers
• Twice as common among African Americans
as whites
• The leading cause of liver transplants and also
causes liver cancer
Can it become a
chronic infection?
• No
• Yes
• Yes
Is there a vaccine? • Yes
• Yes
• No
U.S. statistics
• About 25,000 new
infections each year
• Estimated 1.2 million people have chronic
Hepatitis B
• About 40,000 new infections each year
• Estimated 3.2 million people have chronic
Hepatitis C
• About 17,000 new infections each year
What causes it?
• Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
• Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
• Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
Where is the virus • Feces
found in the body?
• Blood, semen, vaginal fluid
• Blood
How is it
spread?
• Ingestion of food, water,
or other objects
contaminated with fecal
matter from an infected
person (even in
microscopic amounts)
• Sex with an
infected person
• Contact with blood, semen, or other body fluids
from an infected person (even in microscopic
amounts)
• Sex with an infected person
• Sharing personal items such as toothbrushes,
razors, or glucose monitors
• An infected mother can pass it to her baby at birth
• Poor infection control has resulted in outbreaks in
outpatient health care and residential care facilities
• Contact with blood from an infected person (even
in microscopic amounts)
• Sharing equipment that has been contaminated
with blood from an infected person, such as
needles, syringes, poorly sterilized tattoo or
piercing equipment, and even medical equipment,
such as glucose monitors
• Receiving a blood transfusion or organ transplant
before 1992 (when the widespread screening of
blood began)
• Poor infection control has resulted in outbreaks in
outpatient health care and residential care facilities
What happens if
someone is
infected?
• People can be sick
for a few weeks to a
few months
• Most recover with no
lasting liver damage
• Rarely fatal, although
mortality is highest
among the elderly and
those with underlying
liver disease
• Many newly infected persons are sick for a few weeks
to a few months, while others have no symptoms
• Some people develop a chronic infection
• 15%25% of people with a chronic infection
develop chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis,
liver failure, or liver cancer
• Medical treatment is available
• About 3,000 people die every year from
Hepatitis Brelated liver disease
• 75%85% of people with Hepatitis C develop a
chronic infection
• 5%20% of people with chronic Hepatitis C develop
cirrhosis over a period of 2030 years
• Medical treatment is available
• 1%5% of people with a chronic infection die from
cirrhosis or liver cancer
• About 12,000 people die every year from
Hepatitis Crelated liver disease
Public health
strategies
• Vaccinate all children at
age 1 year
• Vaccinate adults at
risk
• Ensure safe food
and water
• Test all pregnant women
• Vaccinate all infants at birth
• Vaccinate adults at risk
• Ensure good infection control in health care and
public safety settings
• Educate populations at high risk
• Test people most likely to be infected (e.g., people
born in Asia, Africa, and other regions with high
rates of Hepatitis B)
• Increase early detection and treatment
• Screen blood and organ donors
• Reduce risk behaviors (e.g., injection drug use)
• Ensure good infection control in health care and
public safety settings
• Educate populations at high risk
• Find and test those unaware they have Hepatitis C
• Increase early detection and treatment
www.cdc.gov/hepatitis
4/16/2013
Ryan White Program
Reauthorization Update
April 16, 2013
Ann Lefert, NASTAD
Bill McColl, AIDS United
Download the slides & materials at www.HIVHealthReform.org
Webinar Instructions
– All attendees are in listen-only mode.
– Everyone can ask questions at any time using the
chat feature. This webinar has too many
attendees for questions to be submitted over the
phone.
• During Q & A segment the moderators will
read the questions that have been submitted.
• If you are having audio trouble go to
HIVHealthReform.org/blog for
troubleshooting help.
Download the slides: www.HIVHealthReform.org
1
4/16/2013
Raise your Hand, Use the Question Feature to Ask
Questions, or email questions
• You can also email
questions to
[email protected]
Download the slides:
www.HIVHealthReform.org
This webinar is brought to you by HIVHealthReform.org
• New hub to share information
Center for Health Law and
on health reform for people
Policy Innovation of Harvard
with HIV and health care and
Law School, Treatment Access
social service providers
Expansion Project, Project
Inform
• This webinar is the part of a
monthly series
• Contributors: AIDS United, HIV
Medicine Association, HIV
• Features a blog, email
Prevention Justice Alliance,
newsletters, and resources for
NASTAD, San Francisco AIDS
understanding and
Foundation
implementing health care
reform
• Made possible by MAC AIDS
Fund
• Founding partners: AIDS
Foundation of Chicago, The
2
4/16/2013
Save the date for the next webinar
• Thursday, May 16 at 3 p.m. ET
• TOPIC: HIV Medical Providers – Get Ready for
the ACA
• Register here: http://is.gd/JSvJJM
• Stay tuned for more information
Learn about & apply for
navigator grants
• Navigators are federally-funded positions that can help
with ACA enrollment
• See www.HIVHealthReform.org or http://is.gd/igT2QQ for
more information and links to the grant application
• Applications are due June 7
• For the following states ONLY: Alaska, Alabama, Arkansas,
Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana,
Louisiana, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi,
Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania,
South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia, and Wyoming.
3
4/16/2013
Today’s Webinar Overview
• No reauthorization for Ryan White?
• Why not?
• What does that mean for the Programs?
• Ryan White and the Affordable Care Act
• Visioning Ryan White in the future
• Community process
• Ryan White funding
• How you can be involved & help
What is reauthorization?
• Date imposed by Congress to review a
program to make sure it still works as
intended
• On the reauthorization date, laws can:
– “sunset” (automatically cease to operate) or
– continue to operate with no change
• Ryan White will NOT sunset in September. It
will continue to operate with no change.
4
4/16/2013
No Reauthorization? Why Not?
• Reauthorization of Ryan White has been
hallmark of our advocacy process and allowed
Congress to show its support
• There is no sunset provision in legislation so
even if Congress does not take legislative
action Ryan White will continue and funding
will be appropriated through annual process
– HOPWA est. in 1992 and never reauthorized
• There are several reasons we believe Ryan
White will not be reauthorized in 2013
– Logistical and political
– Policy
• Logistical Reasons:
– Congress is having difficulty moving any legislation
through the process
– Budget and appropriations processes taking all the
time & attention
5
4/16/2013
• Policy Reasons:
– Members of committees that oversee program want
to better understand how the Ryan White Program
will complement the Affordable Care Act (ACA)
– Community needs to educate new members of
Congress to make sure that reauthorization continues
forward as a bipartisan program as it has in the past
• At least 108 new House Members since the last reauth
– Congressional and Administration concerns that there
is not enough time on the legislative calendar
No Reauthorization?
What Does That Mean?
• Programs will continue as is in FY2014 and
beyond until new legislative direction
• Members of Congress will need to be
educated about community process for
visioning the future of Ryan White
6
4/16/2013
No Reauthorization?
• The Obama Administration has indicated that
they will not seek or push a reauthorization in
2013.
• Many Congressional leaders believe it is best
to allow time to understand implications of
ACA and its intersections with Ryan White
populations, programs and services.
Ryan White & the ACA
• Implementation of health reform is not a magic
bullet and will not be actualized over night
– Systems will not be fully functioning with kinks
worked out for some time
– Not all populations or services currently provided
through Ryan White will be covered
– Gaps will not be immediately visible
– There will still be a need for a mechanism to provide
care to those unable to access health insurance as
well as “wrap-around” services to cover high costs of
insurance
7
4/16/2013
• Many unknowns with health reform
implementation
– How many states will expand Medicaid?
• Opting out could magnify differences in care between
states
– Essential health benefits
• How will benefits provided through ACA compare to
services provided through Ryan White
– Inclusion of Ryan White providers in insurance
networks
• Transition for clients and providers is huge and
will take a substantial amount of time
• HRSA’s HIV/AIDS Bureau beginning to provide
clarifications and policies for transition.
• More information from HRSA and the Target
Center:
– http://hab.hrsa.gov/affordablecareact/index.html
– http://careacttarget.org/aca
8
4/16/2013
Visioning Ryan White in Future
• Ryan White Work Group (RWWG) has robust process in
place to work towards future reauthorization of
legislation
• Meets monthly to:
– share intelligence
– discuss future of the Program
– plan how to educate Members of Congress about essential
role of Ryan White & intersections with ACA
• Has had two large in-person meetings to discuss future
and determine plan to move forward
– Meeting after All Grantees Meeting in Nov. was attended
by over 90 individuals from across U.S.
• Ryan White Working Group has formed three
subcommittees:
– Vision and framing
– Operationalizing the vision: breaks down into
short, medium and long
– Strategy, questions (for HRSA) and technical fixes
• Subcommittees will be meeting along via
email & conference call & will report back to
full committee on progress
9
4/16/2013
• Subcommittees and full Ryan White Working
Group will be developing educational
materials for use in advocacy with Congress
and others
• Will lay out ongoing need for Ryan White services even
with ACA
• Provide data on effectiveness of Ryan White Program
• Integrate HIV care continuum, getting to zero, etc. to
make powerful case for Program
• Ryan White Working Group wants to have
community move together in process and
recommendations for changes to Ryan White
Program
– Similar to community consensus process in 2009
reauthorization
10
4/16/2013
What about funding?
• Reauthorization isn’t moving forward, but we
still need to fight for Ryan White funding in
the annual budget process
• Washington wants to cut the budget deficit;
Congress may look at Ryan White and think it
duplicates health care reform
– The Ryan White Program helps to provide
“complete coverage” for people with HIV.
Funding for Ryan White –
FY2013 (this year)
• The final FY2013 continuing resolution (CR) did
not include $35 million for ADAPs and $10 million
for Part C that had been announced by President
Obama on World AIDS Day 2011 and had been
awarded in FY2012
• The community is aggressively advocating with
the Administration to transfer this money again
• FY2013 CR also includes an across-the-board cut
of 0.02%.
11
4/16/2013
FY2013 (this year)
• Sequestration will impact funding to Ryan
White Programs
• It is unclear exactly what percentage will be
cut from the programs, but safe to assume at
least 5.2% cut in funding
FY2014 (next year)
• President Obama released his FY2014 budget
proposal last week
• The budget provides $20 million increase for
Ryan White Programs:
– $10 million for ADAP
– $10 million for Part C clinics
• The budget proposal and HRSA’s budget
justification includes critical language ongoing
importance of Ryan White
12
4/16/2013
Funding for Ryan White – FY2014
• HRSA Budget Justification notes:
“The Ryan White Program is authorized through
September 30, 2013. However, the program will
continue to operate. The 2009 reauthorization or
the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Extension Act
of 2009 (P.L. 111-87, October 30, 2009) does not
include an explicit sunset clause. In the absence of a
sunset clause, the program will continue to operate
without a Congressional reauthorization.”
Funding for Ryan White – FY2014
• Other language included in budget:
“It is anticipated, however, that on average coverage
[provided through the ACA] will not be adequate for
the care and treatment of [PLWH] due to plan
limitations on the scope of coverage.”
13
4/16/2013
FY2014 (next year)
• The HIV community will need to work hard
with Congress to ensure no additional funds
are cut from Ryan White Programs in FY2014
• RWWG works with the AIDS Budget and
Appropriations Coalition to advocate for
increases to all Parts of Ryan White
Get Involved
• Join the Ryan White Work Group (contact information
on last slide) and/or any of the subcommittees
• Read periodic updates from RWWG and share with
your communities and networks
• Take action on appropriations and other action alerts
• Reach out to Congressional offices with talking points
(coming soon)
• Learn more about the ACA and what it means for your
agency: www.HIVHealthReform.org
• Check out past webinars on Ryan White and ACA:
http://www.hivhealthreform.org/resources/
14
4/16/2013
Ann Lefert
National Alliance of State & Territorial AIDS Directors
(NASTAD)
Director, Policy & Health Care Access
[email protected]
Bill McColl
AIDS United
Director of Political Affairs
[email protected]
What’s next?
• Download & share the presentation and
webinar recording (available in a few days)
• We need your feedback! When you sign off,
take the quick, 5-question survey about the
webinar
15
4/16/2013
Questions?
• Ask your questions
using the webinar chat
feature.
• Or email them to
[email protected]
• If we don’t get to your
question it will be
logged and we’ll do our
best to follow-up!
16

hiv/aids awareness days - Ryan White Planning Council

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