repaso de estructuras verbales

REPASO DE ESTRUCTURAS VERBALES
S = Sujeto / V = Verbo/ s = singular/ p = plural/1, 2, 3 = 1ª, 2ª, 3ª persona/ reg. = verbo regular/ irreg. = verbo irregular/ base = verbo en forma base / past = pasado irregular
Name
TO BE (Present)
= soy, eres, es, somos, sois,
son.
estoy, estás, está, estamos,
estáis, están.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
= estoy cantando / leyendo…
estás comiendo / comprando..
está cenando / jugando…
estamos viendo / corriendo…
THERE BE (Present)
= hay
Affirmative
AM = ‘M (1s)
S + ARE = ‘RE (resto)
IS = ‘S (3s)
I’m Tom. She’s Ann.
They’re in France. It’s mine.
‘M
S + ‘RE + V + -ING
‘S
I’m studying English.
They’re travelling by plane.
THERE IS = THERE’S (s)
THERE ARE (p)
There’s a car in the street.
There are ten cars outside.
TO BE (Past)
S + WAS
(1s, 3s)
= era , eras, éramos, erais, eran
WERE (resto)
fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos…(ser) I was very happy yesterday.
estaba, estabas, estábamos… He was in Rome on Monday.
estuve, estuviste, estuvo…
They were the winners.
S + WAS + V + -ING
PAST CONTINUOUS
= estaba nadando / volando…
WERE
estaban comiendo / leyendo... I was visiting my granparents.
estuve cenando / jugando…
He was swimming then.
estuvieron viendo / saliendo... They were watching tv.
THERE BE (Past)
THERE WAS (s)
= había / hubo
THERE WERE (p)
There was a man waiting.
There were lots of people.
CAN (Present)
S + CAN + V
= puedo, puedes.../ sé, sabes.. I can play the guitar.
CAN (Past)
S + COULD + V
= podía / pude / sabía / supe
The robber could escape.
Negative
‘M NOT
S + AREN’T
ISN’T
Interrogative
AM
ARE + S ?
IS
I’m not German. He isn’t here.
Is Ralph your brother?
We aren’t stupid. It isn’t true. Are the children at school?
‘M NOT
AM
S + AREN’T + V + -ING
ARE + S + V + -ING ?
ISN’T
IS
You aren’t telling the truth.
Are you listening to me?
The dog isn’t barking now!
Are the children playing?
THERE ISN’T
IS THERE ?
THERE AREN’T
ARE THERE ?
There isn’t any coffee.
Is there a pen on the floor?
There aren’t sharks in rivers. Are there many apples?
S + WASN’T
WAS + S ?
WEREN’T
WERE
The doctor wasn’t there.
Was it a bird?
We weren’t satisfied.
Were you at home at 5:00?
I wasn’t in the park.
Were the players glad?
S + WASN’T + V + -ING WAS + S + V + -ING ?
WEREN’T
WERE
John wasn’t reading at 7:00. Was the plane flying?
We weren’t running.
Were you having a shower?
I wasn’t sleeping.
Were my friend calling me?
THERE WASN’T
WAS THERE ?
THERE WEREN’T
WERE THERE ?
There wasn’t anybody there. Was there a prize for me ?
There weren’t machines then. Were there horse races?
S + CAN’T + V
CAN + S + V ?
She can’t cook very well.
Can you dance?
S + COULDN’T + V
COULD + S + V ?
We couldn’t enter the cinema Could you arrive on time?
Short Answers
Yes, I am / No, I’m not
Yes, you are / No, you aren’t
Yes, he is / No, he isn´t
Yes, we are / No, we aren’t
Yes, they are /No, they aren’t
Yes, I am / No, I’m not
Yes, you are / No, you aren’t
Yes, he is / No, he isn´t
Yes, we are / No, we aren’t
Yes, they are /No, they aren’t
Yes, there is
No, there isn’t
Yes, there are
No, there aren’t
Yes, I was / No, I wasn’t
Yes, it was / No, it wasn’t
Yes, he was / No, he wasn’t
Yes, you were/No you weren’t
Yes, we were / No we weren’t
Yes, I was / No, I wasn’t
Yes, it was / No, it wasn’t
Yes, he was / No, he wasn’t
Yes, you were/No you weren’t
Yes, we were / No we weren’t
Yes, there was
No, there wasn’t
Yes, there were
No, there weren’t
Yes, I can / No, I can´t
Yes, she can / No, she can´t
Yes, I could / No, I could´t
Yes, he could/No, he couldn’t
Name
MUST (Present)
= debo, debes, debe, debemos
TO HAVE GOT (Present)
= tengo, tienes, tiene,
tenemos, tenéis, tienen
PRESENT SIMPLE
* LIKE
= leo, lees, lee, leemos, leéis,
leen / corro, corres, corre…/
hablo, hablas, habla…/
*me gusta, te gusta, le gusta…
PAST SIMPLE
= leí, leíste, leyó, leímos...
leía, leías, leíamos, leíais... /
nadé, nadaste, nadó, nadaron
nadaba, nadabas, nadábamos
IMPERATIVE
= ven / venid, coge / coged
vayamos, compremos…
FUTURE
= iré, irás, irá, iremos, iréis…
haré, harás, hará, haremos…
PRESENT PERFECT
= he comido, has cantado, ha
visto, hemos oído, han leído
VERB + INFINITIVE
WITH “TO”
= querer hacer, decidir hacer
VERB + GERUND
= gustar hacer, ir a hacer,
preferir hacer, dejar de hacer
INTERROGATIVES
WITH QUESTION WORDS
=¿dónde vives?¿de quién es?
Affirmative
S + MUST + V
I must study English.
Negative
Interrogative
Short Answers
Yes, I must / No, you mustn’t
S + MUSTN’T + V
MUST + S + V ?
Yes, he must / No, he mustn´t
You mustn’t talk in class.
Must we pay for this?
S + HAVE GOT =‘VE GOT
Yes, I have / No, I haven’t
HAVE + S + GOT ?
S + HAVEN’T GOT
HAS GOT =‘S GOT (3s)
Yes, he has / No, he hasn’t
HAS
HASN’T GOT
I’ve got a present for you.
Yes, it has / No, it hasn’t
We haven’t got any time.
Have you got my pen?
Mary’s got a newborn baby.
Yes, we have / No we haven’t
He hasn’t got a pet.
Has Betty got a dog?
Yes, I do / No, I don’t
S+V
S + DON’T
+ V(base)
DO + S + V (base) ?
Yes, you do / No, you don’t
S + V + -S /-ES/-IES (3s)
DOESN’T (3s)
DOES (3s)
Yes, he does / No, he doesn’t
I read every day.
They don’t live in Liverpool.
Do you speak English?
My dad reads at night.
She doesn’t drive a car.
Does your sister play chess? Yes, she does/No, she doesn’t
Yes, we do / No, we don’t
I like pizza. He likes tennis.
We don´t like doing exams.
Does Thelma like painting?
Dolphins like playing.
My friends don’t like opera.
Do you like classical music? Yes, they do / No, they don’t
Yes, I did / No, I didn’t
S + V + -ED/-D/-IED (reg.) S + DIDN’T + V (base)
DID + S + V (base) ?
Yes, you did / No, you didn’t
I liked the food. I walked a lot. They didn’t like the food.
Did you like Paris?
Yes, he did / No, he didn’t
Did you walk yesterday?
S + V (past)
(irreg.) I didn’t walk yesterday.
Yes, she did /No, she didn’t
My family went to England.
My family didn’t go to Lisbon. Did your family go there?
Yes, we did / No, we didn’t
He broke the glasses.
He didn’t break the glasses.
Did he break the glasses?
DON’T + V
V
(2s,2p)
Come here and take this.
Don’t be silly! Don’t shout.
LET US +V = LET’S+V (1p)
LET’S + NOT + V
Let’s go to the cinema.
Let’s not eat at home.
Yes, I will / No, I won’t
S + WILL +V = S +’LL + V S + WILL NOT + V
WILL + S + V ?
Yes, you will / No, you won’t
I’ll phone you. We will win.
Will you wait for me?
=WON’T
Yes, we will / No we won’t
She’ll be here in the morning. They won’t come tomorrow.
Will Tom sing at the party?
S + HAVE + PARTICIPLE S+HAVEN’T+PARTICIPLE HAVE +S+PARTICIPLE ? Yes, I have / No, I haven’t
Yes, he has / No, he hasn’t
HAS
HASN’T
HAS
Yes, we have / No we haven’t
I’ve finished. She has eaten. We haven’t arrived yet.
Has she seen the news?
(WANT, etc.) + TO + V
I want to see the match. She didn’t learn to play the piano. He promised to obey me. We hope to start tomorrow. I decided to
go. She prepared to jump. They agreed to meet at 6:00. I refuse to do that. She forgot to call me. Did you try to save the cat?
(LIKE, etc.) + V + -ING
She likes getting up early. I love drawing. My father hates going to parties. Do you prefer travelling by plane or by train?
Stop doing that noise! We go cycling every Friday. My teacher suggested buying this dictionary. Do you like cooking?
QW + (INTERROGATIVE FORM) ?
QW + (INTERROGATIVE FORM) + PREPOSITION ?
Where do you live? When did you arrive? Why are you crying? Where are you from? Who are the letters for?What’s the
What’s she doing? What time will the train leave?
weather like? What was the film about? What is it made of?