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INDICE DE PALABRAS CLAVE
098
ABANDONED LAND
061
ACTINOBACTERIA
279
ABANYCHA
199, 248, 267
ACTINOMYCETALES
279
ABILGAARDIA
364
ACTINOPTERYGII
161, 163, 244, 245, 367
ABIOTIC FACTORS
371
ACULEATA
281
ABORIGINAL LIFEWAY
118, 119
ACYPHODERES
390
ABUNDANCE OF SPECIES
002, 160, 231, 352
ADELOTETTIX
202
ACACIA
241
ADESMUS
198, 248, 267
ACAKYRA
199
ADETUS
199
ACALYPTRATAE
185, 363
ADMIXTURE
153
ACANTHAGRION SPECULUM
010
ADULTS
105
ACANTHEREMUS
098
ADZUKI BEAN
046
ALCADIA (MICROALCADIA)
BOECKELERI
167, 176
ACANTHODERES
199
AEQUIDENS
CAERULOPUNCTATUS
244
ALCADIA (MICROALCADIA)
HOJARASCA
167, 176
AERENICOPSIS
199
ALCATHOUSIELLA
199
AERIAL PARTS
192
ALEPIA
205
AFLP
137
ALEXETER
112
AFRICAN ANCESTRY
POPULATION
153
ALFARO CULTRATUS
162
ACHATINA
024
ACHIAS LOBULARIS
185
ACHLYODES PALLIDA
250
ACHROBLATTA
323
ACHRYSON
273, 390
ACIDOCERINA
256
ACOELORRAPHE WRIGHTII
007
ACRIDIDAE
104, 202
ACROCERCOPS
236
ACROTAPHUS
060
AGARICALES
100, 108
AGAVACEAE
150
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR
296
AGOUTI
120
AGOUTIDAE
120
AGRAECIINAE
AGRICULTURE
061, 115, 232, 341, 353, 386
AGROFORESTRY
232, 284, 314, 399
AGROMETEOROLOGY
408, 411
AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS
058, 077, 082
AGRYPON
112
ALAMPYRIS FLAVICOLLIS
267
ALASTOS
390
ALBIZIA GUACHAPELE
133
ALBOLEPTONIA EARLEI
100
ALGAE
097
ALISMATACEAE
150
ALLELE FREQUENCY
153
ALLIACEAE
150
ALLIGATORIDAE
004, 012, 013, 018, 033, 034,
036, 037, 065, 124, 125, 160,
300, 371, 394
ALTINGIACEAE
133
ANALYTICON / INBIO
AGREEMENT
269
ALTITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION
179
ANAMORPH
187, 188
ALTITUDINAL MOVEMENTS
262
ANANAS COMOSUS
208, 388
ALTITUDINAL RANGE
060
ANAPLECTA
323
ALYDIDAE
328
ANAPLECTA FULGIDA
323
AMARYLLIDACEAE
150
ANAPSIDA
015, 068
AMAURODERMA
085, 404
ANAS CRECCA CAROLINENSIS
008
AMAZILIA BOUCARDI
078
ANASTELGIS
060
ANIMALS
001, 002,
009, 010,
018, 019,
034, 036,
044, 047,
060, 065,
072, 073,
089, 098,
106, 112,
122, 123,
138, 139,
147, 148,
158, 160,
165, 166,
174, 175,
181, 182,
197, 198,
205, 206,
215, 218,
229, 231,
236, 237,
250, 252,
258, 260,
266, 267,
273, 274,
280, 281,
287, 288,
298, 299,
304, 305,
316, 319,
326, 327,
351, 353,
366, 367,
375, 377,
383, 384,
392, 393,
412, 413
AMBLYPYGI
122
ANASTRUS VIRENS
ALBOPANNUS
250
ANISOCHORIA PEDALIODINA
POLYSTICTA
250
ANATIDAE
383, 410
ANISOMERIDIUM
095
ANATINOMMA
390
ANISOPODUS
199
ANATOMY
079, 201, 224, 240, 388
ANISOSCELINI
057
ANCYLOCERA
390
ANNONACEAE
009
ANEFLUS
390
ANNUAL RUNOFF
048
ANELAPHUS
273, 274, 390
ANODONTITES TRAPESIALIS
403
ANGUIDAE
125
ANOMALEPIDIDAE
125
ANIMAL BREEDING
377
ANOMALON
112
ANIMAL FEED
270
ANOMALONINAE
112, 113
ANIMAL MODELS
210
ANOMOCHLOA MARANTOIDEA
240
ALLOMETRIC EQUATION
192
AMPLYPYGI
186
ALOUATTA PALLIATA
120, 229, 379
AMUBRI DE TALAMANCA
057, 121, 138, 153, 181, 182,
191, 204, 226, 234, 249, 277,
295
ALPHA DIVERSITY
158
ALPOVA
211
ALSTROEMERIACEAE
150
AMBLYSAPHES
199
AMERINDIAN
153
AMETALLON
179
AMNISCITES
199
AMPELOPHILUS
202
AMPHELICTUS
390
AMPHIBIANS
006, 020, 125
AMPHICNAEIA
199
AMPHILOPHUS
161, 162
AMPHIONTE
390
ANACANTHUS
273
ANALYSIS
237, 370
003,
012,
020,
037,
051,
067,
078,
101,
113,
124,
140,
149,
161,
167,
176,
185,
199,
207,
219,
232,
244,
253,
261,
268,
276,
283,
289,
300,
307,
320,
328,
354,
369,
378,
385,
394,
004,
013,
024,
038,
054,
068,
080,
102,
116,
125,
141,
151,
162,
168,
177,
186,
200,
209,
220,
233,
245,
254,
262,
270,
277,
284,
290,
301,
308,
323,
342,
355,
370,
379,
388,
395,
006,
014,
030,
039,
055,
069,
081,
104,
120,
129,
145,
152,
163,
170,
178,
189,
202,
210,
221,
234,
248,
255,
263,
271,
278,
285,
291,
302,
310,
324,
344,
357,
371,
380,
389,
396,
008,
015,
033,
043,
057,
071,
086,
105,
121,
135,
146,
153,
164,
171,
179,
191,
204,
213,
227,
235,
249,
256,
264,
272,
279,
286,
296,
303,
312,
325,
350,
363,
374,
381,
390,
403,
ANOPINELLA
147
ANOPLODERMATINAE
273
ANOPLOGNATHINI
145
ANT-HOST ASSOCIATION
310
ANTHERICACEAE
150
ANTHOPHORIDAE
281
ANTHURIUM
194
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
175, 316
ANTIVENOMS
177
ANURANS
006, 125
175, 316
161, 162, 213, 244, 319
APOCRITA
072, 106, 281, 351
ARCHOCOPTURUS
APOCYNACEAE
226, 251
APOIDEA
281
APOLOPHUS
140
APOLYCHROSIS
147
APPLICATION RATES
154
APPRAISALS
259
APPUNIA
022
APROSAMA
391
APTERALCIDION
199
AOTUS LEMURINUS
LEMURINUS
229
APTROOTIA TERRICOLA
362
APANTELES
236
AQUACULTURE
403
APEBUSU
199
AQUARIUM CONDITIONS
163, 244
APEBUSU RUBRIVENTRIS
248
AQUATIC BIRDS
018
APECHONEURA
113
AQUATIC INSECTS
285
APECHTHIS
060
AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES
352
APEIBA MEMBRANACEA
099
ARA AMBIGUA
101, 102, 261, 266, 327
APHANISTES
112
ARA MACAO
206
APHELOCERUS
189
ARA MILITARIS
078
APHYLLOPHORALES
085, 404
ARACEAE
016, 150, 194, 389
APHYSOTES
390
ARACHIS PINTOI
214, 387
APICOMPLEXA
276
ARACHNIDS
122, 186
APIDAE
165, 175, 298, 316
ARCHIMANDRITA
323
APIS MELLIFERA
ARCHOCENTRUS
ARCHOSAURIA
013
ARCYRIA
108
ARDEIDAE
086
AREA DE CONSERVACION
ARENAL HUETAR NORTE
001, 002, 003, 004, 005, 006,
007, 008, 009, 010, 011, 012,
013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 018,
019, 020, 021, 022, 023, 024,
025, 026, 027, 028, 029, 030,
031, 032, 033, 034, 035, 036,
037, 038, 039, 040, 041, 042,
043, 044, 045, 046, 047, 048,
049, 050, 051, 052, 053, 054,
055, 056, 057, 058, 059, 060,
061, 062, 063, 064, 065, 066,
067, 068, 069, 070, 071, 072,
073, 074, 075, 076, 077, 078,
079, 080, 081, 082, 083, 084,
085, 086, 087, 088, 089, 090,
091, 092, 093, 094, 095, 096,
097, 098, 099, 100, 101, 102,
103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108,
109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114,
115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120,
121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126,
127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132,
133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138,
139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144,
145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150,
151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156,
157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162,
163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168,
169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174,
175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180,
181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186,
187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192,
193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198,
199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204,
205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210,
211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216,
217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222,
223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228,
229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234,
235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240,
241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246,
247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252,
253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258,
259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264,
265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270,
271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276,
277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282,
283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288,
289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294,
295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300,
301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306,
307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312,
313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318,
319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324,
325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330,
331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336,
337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342,
343,
349,
355,
361,
367,
373,
379,
385,
391,
397,
403,
409,
344,
350,
356,
362,
368,
374,
380,
386,
392,
398,
404,
410,
345,
351,
357,
363,
369,
375,
381,
387,
393,
399,
405,
411,
346,
352,
358,
364,
370,
376,
382,
388,
394,
400,
406,
412,
347,
353,
359,
365,
371,
377,
383,
389,
395,
401,
407,
413
348,
354,
360,
366,
372,
378,
384,
390,
396,
402,
408,
ARECACEAE
007, 091, 150, 154, 201, 351,
388, 389
ASEMOLEA
199
ASEROË
211
ASIOPLAX
326
ASPARAGACEAE
150
ASPIDIOTUS
353
ARECOIDEAE
201
ASSEMBLAGES
218, 254
ARIIDAE
299
ASTAENOMOECHUS
148
ARISEMUS
205
ASTELIACEAE
150
ARIXIUNA
199
ASTERACEAE
139, 147, 310
ARTHONIA
095
ASTEROGYNE
388
ARTHONIACEAE
095
ARTHROPODS
001, 009, 010,
051, 057, 060,
089, 098, 104,
113, 121, 122,
140, 141, 145,
149, 151, 152,
171, 174, 175,
182, 185, 186,
198, 199, 200,
209, 213, 215,
227, 231, 232,
236, 248, 249,
260, 263, 264,
274, 277, 278,
285, 290, 291,
304, 308, 310,
323, 324, 326,
353, 354, 355,
369, 371, 374,
380, 381, 384,
390, 392, 412,
ASEMINAE
273
ASTEROGYNE
201
030,
072,
105,
135,
146,
164,
178,
189,
202,
219,
233,
250,
267,
281,
296,
312,
328,
357,
375,
385,
413
039,
073,
106,
138,
147,
165,
179,
191,
204,
220,
234,
255,
271,
283,
298,
316,
350,
363,
377,
388,
047,
080,
112,
139,
148,
166,
181,
197,
205,
221,
235,
256,
273,
284,
301,
320,
351,
366,
378,
389,
ASTEROPHYRIUM
093
ASTEROTHYRIACEAE
093
ASTEROTHYRIUM ANOMALUM
093
ASTHENARA
112
ASTRAEUS
211
ASTYANAX AENEUS
367
ATELES
120, 229, 379
AURANTIOSPORIUM
SUBNITENS
027
AURICULARIA
108
AURICULARIALES
108
AUSTRALIMYZA SETIGERA
283
AUSTRALIMYZIDAE
283
AUSTRALOPERICOMA
205
AYTHYA MARILA
008
AZTECA
095
BACILLACEAE
332
BACILLARIOPHYTA
097
BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS
332
BACTERIA
005, 017, 040, 045, 076, 215,
279, 332
BACTRIS GASIPAES
091, 154
BADIMIA
095, 096
BAETIDAE
080
BAETODES
080
BAGRE BAGRE
299
BAIODON NICARAGUENSIS
161
BAIRD'S TAPIR
302
ARTIODACTYLS
120, 168, 268, 270, 279, 325
ATOPOTROPHOS
112
ARTISANAL FISHERIES
299, 395, 406
ATRACTOSTEUS TROPICUS
018, 044, 299
BALACHOWSKYACRIS
OLIVACEUS
202
ARTISANAL USERS
133
ATROPHINI
140
BALBAGATHIS
205
ATTA
375
BAMBUSOIDEAE
240
AUCHENORRHYNCHA
227
BANCHINAE
140
ASCOMYCOTA
041, 052, 053,
087, 093, 095,
159, 187, 188,
360, 361, 362,
062,
096,
203,
373,
064, 070,
108, 114,
306, 359,
376
BANCHINI
140
203, 267, 273
BIOGEGRAPHY
187
BIVALVIA
403
BARIDINAE
234, 304
BIOGEOGRAPHY
094, 145, 172, 181, 185, 202,
218, 252, 254, 352
BARYSSINUS
199
BIOLOGICAL CORRIDORS
128, 144, 237, 257, 370
BASELINES
134
BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES
056
BASIC DENSITY
190
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
172, 411
BASIDIOMYCOTA
027, 056, 110, 211, 372, 404
BIOLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION
237, 370
BASSARICYON
120
BIOLOGICAL NOTES
162, 163
BATAMES
234
BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION
136
BATESBELTIA
199
BIOLOGICAL RESERVES
067, 078, 128, 144
BEBELIS
199
BIOLOGY
030, 060, 179, 236, 241, 244,
296, 324, 327, 342, 378, 380
BLATTIDAE
323, 392
BIOMASS
054, 154, 173
BLATTINAE
323
BIOMASS PRODUCTION
246
BLATTODEA
323
BIOMETRICS
015
BLECHNACEAE
117
BEHAVIOUR
004, 036, 120, 123, 170, 227,
327, 378
BIOMETRY
403
BLECHNUM STOLONIFERUM
117
BENEFITS
126
BIONOMICS
098
BLOOD GROUPS
038
BENOMYL
064, 090
BIOTECHNOLOGY
109, 224
BOAT TRAFFIC
116
BESLERIA
193
BIRD COLLECTIONS
019
BODY SIZE
124
BETA DIVERSITY
158, 218, 254
BIRD DIVERSITY
081
BOETHUS
112
BILLIA COLOMBIANA
099
BIRD PROTECTION
067
BOIDAE
125
BIODIVERSITY018, 049, 111,
120, 136, 137, 147, 155, 158,
218, 225, 232, 237, 249, 254,
257, 324, 335, 352, 367, 370,
395, 406
BIRDS
002, 008,
071, 078,
158, 206,
266, 276,
BIODIVERSITY
CONSERVATION
078, 128, 144, 350
BIRDS' NESTS
071
BOMBACACEAE
071, 133, 313
BIRDWATCHING
002, 067
BOMBACOPSIS QUINATA
133, 313
BIRRIS DE PARAISO
BORAGINACEAE
BEEF CATTLE
270
BEGONIA
193, 331
BEGONIACEAE
331
BIODIVERSITY LOSS
407
009,
081,
207,
327,
018,
086,
258,
383,
BLABERINAE
323
BLABERUS
323
BLABIA
199
BLACK SIGATOKA DISEASE
373
BLACK WOOD TURTLE
123, 170
BLAPTICA
323
019, 067,
101, 102,
261, 262,
410
BLATTARIA
392
BLATTELLA
323
BOKOTA AMERINDIANS
038
BOLLA PULLATA
250
145
011, 030, 039, 133, 223
BOS INDICUS
270
BOS INDICUS X BOS TAURUS
268, 325
BOTANICAL COMPOSITION
084, 099, 203, 231, 232
BOTHROCERAMBYX
390
BRAMOCHARAX
252
BREEDING
327
BREEDING PLACE
071, 105, 327
BREEDING SYSTEMS
331
CACTACEAE
389
CACTOPHAGOIDES
389
CACYRA
339
CADAVERS
105
BOTHROPS ASPER
177, 210
BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB /
INBIO AGREEMENT
269
CADDISFLIES
285
BOTHROPS ATROX
393
BROMELIACEAE
150, 208, 358, 377, 388, 389
CAECILIIDAE
125
BOTHROPS SCHLEGELII
280
BROWSING
302
CAENOBRUNNETTIA
205
BOTTOMLAND FORESTS
071
BRUCHIDAE
351
BOUNDARIES
257
BRYCON GUATEMALENSIS
299
CAIMAN
004, 012, 013, 018, 033, 034,
036, 037, 065, 124, 160, 300,
371, 394
BOURRERIA GRAYUMII
223
BRYOPHYTA
180, 414
BOVIDAE
268, 270, 279, 325
BUCRATES
098
BOVISTA
211
BUDDLEJA
193
BRACHYCEROPHYTUM
FUSCICORNE
149
BUFONIDAE
125
BRACHYCEROPHYTUM
SINCHONA
149
BRACHYCERTUS
113
BRACHYCYRTINE
113
BRACHYPTERY
202
BULBOSTYLIS
364
BULLATINA MICROCARPA
114
BUPRESTIDAE
312
BURIAL CUSTOMS
253
BURMANNIACEAE
150
BRACHYRAPHIS, 252
BRACHYSTETHUS
209
BRACONIDAE
072, 106, 197, 236, 351
BRADYPODIDAE
120
BRADYPUS
120
BRADYRHIZOBIUM
JAPONICUM
005, 017
BURMEISTERA QUERCIFOLIA
243
BURNING
049
BYRSOTRIA
323
CABASSOUS
120
CABECAR SERRATUS
263
CACLLICHLORIS HELLERI
CALCAROBIOTUS LONGINOI
308
CALCIUM
059
CALENIA
095, 114
CALLIA
199
CALLIANDRA
133
CALLICHROMA
390
CALLIEPHIALTES
060
CALLIPHORIDAE
105
CALLITYRINTHIA
199
CALLOPHYLLUM BRASILIENSE
192
CALOLAMPRA
323
CALOLYCUS
355
CALOPHYLLUM BRASILIENSE
133
CALOSTOMA
211
CALUROMYS
120
CALVATIA
211
CALYPTOCEPHAL
135
CALYPTROCARYA
364
CALYPTRONOMA RIVALIS
201
CAMPANULACEAE
238, 243, 307
CANADA /COSTA RICA DEBTFOR-NATURE INVESTMENT
269
CANAL
036
CANARANA ROSEICOLLIS
198
CANIDAE
120
CANIDIA
199
CANIS
120
CANNACEAE
150
CANTHAROXYLYMNA
390
CANTHIDIUM
181
CAPTIVE OBSERVATIONS
244
CAPUCINA
323
CARANGIDAE
299
CARANX HIPPOS
299
CARAPA GUIANENSIS
099, 195, 317
CARBON CREDITS
212
CARBON MARKET
212
CAVES
382
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
212
CAVING
382
CARBON STORAGE
192
CD-ROM
098
CARE IN CAPTIVITY
163, 244
CEBIDAE
120, 229, 379
CAREX
364
CEBUS
120, 229
CARIACASIA CAPUCINA
392
CECIDOPIMPLA
140
CARLANA
252
CECROPIA
324
CARNEADES
199
CECROPIACEAE
324
CARNOIDEA
283, 320
CEDRELA ODORATA
133, 284, 314
CARPODECTES ANTONIAE
078
CEIBA PENTANDRA
071
CARRHENES MERIDENSIS
250
CELASTRALES
222
CARRION
105
CELL WALLS
056
CARTOGRAPHY
049
CENTRIDINI
281
CASE STUDIES
153, 399
CENTRIS
CASSIDINAE
135, 141
CASSIDINI
135
CASTROSION
112
CATALOGUES
186, 199, 211, 235, 390
CATFISHES
129
CATTLE
268, 325
CATTLE GRAZING
061
CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION
TRADING
212
CATTLE HEIFERS
268, 325
CARBON FIXATION
192
CAUDATA
125
CARBON FLOWS
134
CAULOPSIS
098
CENTROLENIDAE
125
CENTROPOGON
193
CENTROPOMIDAE
299
CENTROPOMUS
299
CEPHAELIS IPECACUANHA
386
CEPHALODINA
199
CEPHALOPTERUS
GLABRICOLLIS
078
CERAMBYCIDAE
121, 198, 199, 220, 221, 248,
267, 273, 274, 277, 390
CERAMBYCINAE
273, 274, 390
CERAMBYCINI
220, 221
CERATOCANTHINAE
148
CHEIRODON
252
CHORENTA
273
CERCOPTERA
390
CHELONIIDAE
125
CHORINAEUS
140
CERDAIA
273
CHELYDRIDAE
125
CHORISONEURA
323
CEREUS
389
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
210
CHORISONEURINAE
323
CERIPORIOPSIS
029
CHEMICAL CONTROL
052, 064, 090, 159
CHOROLOGY
211, 360
CEROPHYTIDAE
149
CHEMICAL PROSPECTION
228
CHROMOSOME NUMBER
311
CEROPHYTUM
149
CHEMSAKIELLA
273
CHROMOSOMES
153, 240
CEROTELIUM
110
CHICKENS
276
CHROODISCUS SUBMURALIS
093
CERVIDAE
120
CHILOPLATYS
112
CHRYSEMYS ORNATA
015
CESPEDESIA MACROPHYLLA
099
CHIOIDES CATILLUS ALBIUS
250
CHRYSOCELIS
110
CHACONIA
110
CHIROPTERA
120
CHRYSOMELIDAE
135, 141, 146, 174
CHAETOSPHAERIA
187, 188
CHIROTES
147
CHRYSOMELOIDEA
174, 198, 274
CHAETOSPHAERIALES
187, 188
CHLAMYDOPUS
211
CHRYSOMPHALUS
353
CHAGAS DISEASE
255
CHLOROPHYTA
097
CHRYSOMYA
105
CHALCIDOIDEA
179, 310, 351
CHLOROPIDAE
357
CHRYSONOTOMYIA
179
CHAMPIONA
273
CHOLEVINAE
200
CHRYSOPLECTRUM
250
CHARACIDAE
018, 252, 299, 367
CHOLINAMBATES
234
CHRYSOPRASIS
390
CHARADRIIDAE
207
CHOLOEPUS
120
CIBARIAL ARMATURE
366
CHARADRIIFORMES
207
CHORDATES
002, 004, 006,
013, 015, 018,
034, 036, 037,
051, 054, 055,
069, 071, 078,
102, 116, 120,
129, 153, 158,
163, 168, 170,
210, 218, 229,
244, 245, 252,
261, 262, 266,
276, 279, 280,
289, 299, 300,
319, 325, 327,
370, 371, 374,
394, 395, 396
CHARIDOTELLA
135
CHARIDOTIS
135
CHARINIDAE
186
CHASMOGENUS
256
CHECKLISTS
062, 095, 096, 110
008,
019,
038,
065,
081,
123,
160,
177,
231,
253,
268,
286,
302,
342,
379,
009,
020,
043,
067,
086,
124,
161,
206,
232,
254,
270,
287,
303,
344,
383,
012,
033,
044,
068,
101,
125,
162,
207,
237,
258,
272,
288,
305,
367,
393,
CICADELLIDAE
353
CICATRISESTOLOIDES
199
CICHLASOMA
018, 161, 245, 303
CICHLIDAE
018, 054, 161, 162, 163, 244,
245, 303, 319, 396
CICONIIDAE
071, 383, 410
CINTRACTIA
COLLETOTRICHUM ACUTATUM
156, 157
027, 056
CINTRACTIACEAE
027
CIONOTHRIX
110
CIRRHICERA
199
CITOPLASMATIC
INCOMPATIBILITY
215
CLYDONIUM
060
COLOBEUTRYPANUS
199
CNEMIDARIA
242
COLOBOTHEA
199
COBELURA
199
COLOBOTHINA
199
COCCOCARPIA
203, 376
COLORATION
176
COCCOIDEA
353
COLOUR ABERRANCIES
280
CITRUS
047, 052, 064, 156, 157, 159,
270
COCCUS
353
CLADISTIC ANALYSIS
035, 145, 149, 182, 377
COCCYZUS FERRUGINEUS
078
CLASSIFICATION
099, 176
COCHLIOMYIA MACELLARIA
105
CLATHRUS
211
CLEMATIS ACAPULSENSIS
238, 307
CLERIDAE
189
CLERINAE
189
CLIDEMIA HIRTA
173
CLIMATE
172, 300, 371, 407
CLIMATIC CHANGE
134, 172, 300, 371
CLIMATIC FACTORS
313, 407
CLIMATOLOGY
212, 407
CLISTOPYGA
060
CLITOPILUS
100
CLOUD FORMATION
172
CLUSIACEAE
192
CLUSIIDAE
296, 378
CLUSIODINAE
378
CLUTCHES
036
COLOUR VARIATION
006, 245
COLPOTROCHIA
140
COMBRETACEAE
192, 297
CODEFORSA
212, 216, 259
COMETES
412, 413
COELORHACHIS
112
COMMELINACEAE
150
COENAGRIONIDAE
010
COMMERCIAL VOLUME
169
COENOGONIUM
087, 203
COMMON BEAN
142, 143, 408, 411
COENOSIMAE
271
COMMUNITY ASSEMBLY
218, 254
COGIA
250
COLEOPTERA
001, 009, 047,
141, 145, 146,
164, 171, 174,
198, 199, 200,
234, 248, 249,
274, 277, 278,
312, 324, 350,
388, 389, 390,
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
063, 132
121,
148,
181,
213,
256,
290,
351,
412,
135,
149,
182,
220,
267,
291,
355,
413
COLEOSPORIUM
110
COLEOXESTIA
220, 221, 390
COLIFORM BACTERIA
294
COLINUS CRISTATUS
008
COLLEMA
203
COLLEMACEAE
203
138,
152,
189,
221,
273,
304,
369,
COMMUNITY EDUCATIONAL
PROGRAMS
266
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
063, 399
COMMUNITY PROJECTS
397
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE
097, 158
COMPARATIVE METHODS
319
COMPARISONS
056
COMPETITION THEORY
352
COMPSA
390
CONCEVEIBA PLEIOSTEMONA
141
CONDITION SCORE
268
COPPER
052
078
COPRINUS
108
COTYACHRYSON
INSPERGATUS
273
COPRIS
047
COTYCUARA
198, 199, 267
CONNARACEAE
356
COPTOCYCLA (COPTOCYCLA)
ORBICULATA
135
COUMA MACROCARPA
251
CONNARUS
356
COPULATION
139
CONOCEPHALINAE
098
COQUILLETTIDIA
ARRIBALZAGAE
366
CONDITIONS
013
CONEPATUS
120
CONOCEPHALUS
098, 353
CONODERINAE
213, 324
CONOPIDAE
381
CONOPINAE
381
CONOPINI
381
CONOPS
381
CONSERVATION
023, 123, 133, 137, 144, 155,
158, 161, 170, 212, 232, 237,
257, 261, 266, 370, 383, 410
CONSERVATION EDUCATION
266
CONTAGIOUS ECTIMA
279
CONTROL
030, 052, 073
CONVALLARIACEAE
150
CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE
142, 208
COOKENIA
108
COOPESANJUAN R.L
228, 231
COPESTYLUM
377
COPIPHORA
098
COPIPHORINAE
098
CORDELEBOEA
140
CORDIA ALLIODORA
011, 030, 039, 133
CORDILLERA DE TILARAN
172, 184, 362
CORDILUROIDES
271
COREIDAE
057
CORIOLOPSIS
029
CORSONCUS
112
COUROUPITA
365
CRAMBIDAE
197
CRANIAL OSTEOLOGY
020
CRASPEDOCHAETA
296
CRASPEDODIDYMUM
188
CREAGRURA
113
CREMASTINAE
113
CRIODION
390
CRITICISM
269
CORTICIACEAE
029
CROCODYLIA
004, 012, 013, 033, 034, 036,
037, 065, 124, 125, 160, 300,
342, 344, 371, 394
CORYNELLUS
390
CROCODYLIDAE
125, 342, 344
CORYTHOPHANIDAE
125
CROCODYLUS ACUTUS
342, 344
COSEFORMA
061
CROP MANAGEMENT
058, 077
COSMOTOMA
199
CROP YIELD
154
COSTA ESMERALDA
339
CROPPING SYSTEMS
142, 143
COSTACEAE
150
CROSSOMELES
390
COSTS
091
CROSSOPSORA
110
COSTUS
139
CROTALINAE
177
COTINGA RIDGWAYI
078
CROTON
235
COTINGIDAE
CRUCIBULUM
150
211
CRUDE PROTEIN
CONCENTRATION
214
CRUSTACEANS
151
CRY
332
CRYPSIS
377
CRYPTINAE
178
CRYPTOCENTRUM
193
CRYPTODIRA
015, 055, 068
CRYSTAL PROTEINS
332
CRYSTALS
332
CTENOPELMATINAE
112
CUBUS
140
CUCULIDAE
078
CUENCA DEL RIO ARENAL
048
CUENCA DEL RIO CAÑO
NEGRO
048, 414
CUENCA DEL RIO FRIO
049
CUIPILAPA
379
CULEX CORONATOR
366
CULICIDAE
366
CULM AND LEAF SHEATH
240
CULOPTILA
285
CULTIVATED RICE
225
CULTIVATION
386
CULTURAL CONTROL
090
CULTURAL ECOLOGY
346
CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY
253
CULTURAL PRESERVATION
132
CUP FUNGI
360
CYNODON NLEMFUENSIS
270
CYPERACEAE
003, 027, 150, 364
CYPERALES
003, 107, 109, 155
CYPERUS CHORISANTHUS
364
CURCULIONIDAE
213, 234, 291, 304, 324, 351,
388, 389
CYPRINODON
252
CURCULIONOIDEA
182, 234
CYPRINODONTIDAE
252
CURCUMA LONGA
230
CYTOCHROME B
129
CYANOPHYTA
097
CYTOTAXONOMY
331
CYATHACEAE
139
DAMAGE DESCRIPTION
030
CYATHEA
242
DASYMUTILLA
380
CYATHEACEAE
242
DASYPODIDAE
120
CYATHUS
108, 211
DASYPROCTA
120
CYBALOMIINAE
219
DASYPROCTIDAE
120
CYCADOPHYTA
150
DASYPUS
120
CYCLANTHACEAE
150
DEAD TIME
105
CYCLAULACIDEA
351
DEBT FOR NATURE SWAPS
269
CYCLOCEPHALA
009, 047
DECAY FUNGI
029
CYCLOSEMIA
250
DECISION MAKING
083
CYCNIDOLON
390
DEFORESTATION
049, 101, 102, 116, 134, 136,
172, 327
CYMATONYCHA
199
CYMBIODYTA POLITA
256
CYMBOPETALUM TORULOSUM
009
CYMBOSEMA ROSEUM
021
CYMODOCEACEAE
DEFORESTATION RATES
128, 134
DEGRADATION
349
DEGRADED TROPICAL
PASTURES
061
DELOCRANIA PANAMENSIS
135
DESMODUS
120
DIDIMIOZA SYMPHYLIA
205
DEUTEROMYCOTINA
090, 156, 157
DIHAMMAPHORA
390
DEVELOPMENT
105
DIMERELLA
087, 095
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
066, 337
DIMOPHORA
113
DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
115, 398
DIOSCOREA
193
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
377
DIOSCOREACEAE
150
DEXITHEA
390
DIOTECNON
390
DIABOLE
110
DIPLAZIUM
193
DIAEUS VARNA
250
DIPLAZON
112
DIATRYPACEAE
361
DIPLAZONTINAE
112
DIATRYPALES
361
DIPLOPODS
233
DERMATOPHILUS
CONGOLENSIS
279
DIATRYPE
361
DIPLOSCHISTELLA
306
DERMOCHELYIDAE
125
DIATRYPELLA PULVINATA
361
DICHAPETALACEAE
222
DIPTERA
105, 185, 204, 205, 213, 271,
283, 296, 298, 301, 320, 354,
357, 363, 366, 377, 378, 381,
384, 385
DICHAPETALUM
222
DIPTERYX PANAMENSIS
092, 099, 192, 251, 327
DICHEIRINIA
110
DIPYXIS
110
DICHELACERA
384
DIRADOPS
140
DICHOGAMY
309
DIRECT SOWING
143
DICHROMENA
364
DISCOMYCETES
359, 360
DICRANOPTERIS
193
DISEASE CONTROL
052, 064, 159
DICTYLA MONOTROPIDIA
030, 039
DISPERSAL
030, 039, 218, 252, 254
DIDELPHIDAE
120, 305
DISTRESS CALL
004, 013
DESMELLA
110
DIDELPHIMORPHIANS
120, 305
DESMIPHORA
199
DIDELPHIS
120
DISTRIBUTION
001, 002, 003, 007,
020, 021, 029, 035,
079, 095, 096, 098,
113, 116, 117, 120,
125, 127, 130, 140,
DELOCRANIINI
135
DELPHACIDAE
215
DELTA-ENDOTOXINS
332
DELTOSOMA
390
DENDROBATIDAE
125
DENDROBLATTA CALLIZONA
392
DENDROCYGNA
383, 410
DENDROICA
008
DENNSTAEDTIACEAE
117
DERMATOPHILACEAE
279
DESCRIPTIONS
001, 009, 010, 016,
056, 080, 094, 104,
112, 117, 120, 121,
127, 130, 139, 140,
146, 147, 148, 149,
152, 164, 165, 166,
174, 178, 179, 180,
183, 184, 185, 187,
191, 193, 194, 197,
203, 204, 205, 209,
219, 220, 221, 222,
227, 233, 240, 241,
248, 249, 250, 256,
262, 263, 264, 265,
272, 273, 275, 277,
283, 285, 286, 287,
291, 295, 296, 298,
305, 306, 307, 308,
311, 312, 320, 321,
324, 326, 329, 330,
354, 355, 356, 357,
360, 361, 363, 364,
374, 375, 376, 377,
384, 385, 386, 389,
413
020,
105,
122,
141,
150,
167,
181,
188,
198,
213,
223,
242,
258,
267,
278,
288,
301,
309,
322,
331,
358,
365,
380,
392,
026,
106,
125,
145,
151,
171,
182,
189,
200,
217,
226,
245,
260,
271,
281,
289,
304,
310,
323,
351,
359,
369,
381,
412,
008,
036,
104,
122,
147,
016,
060,
112,
123,
148,
149,
165,
179,
186,
194,
205,
219,
227,
238,
245,
260,
271,
278,
288,
301,
310,
323,
331,
357,
364,
377,
385,
413
150,
166,
180,
187,
197,
206,
220,
229,
240,
248,
262,
272,
281,
289,
304,
311,
324,
351,
358,
365,
379,
388,
151,
170,
181,
188,
198,
209,
221,
231,
241,
249,
263,
273,
283,
291,
305,
312,
326,
353,
359,
372,
380,
389,
152,
171,
182,
189,
200,
211,
222,
233,
242,
250,
264,
274,
285,
295,
306,
320,
328,
354,
360,
374,
381,
390,
163,
174,
183,
191,
203,
213,
223,
234,
243,
256,
265,
275,
286,
296,
308,
321,
329,
355,
361,
375,
383,
392,
164,
178,
184,
193,
204,
217,
226,
235,
244,
258,
267,
277,
287,
298,
309,
322,
330,
356,
363,
376,
384,
412,
DRYCOTHAEA
199
ECONOMIC GROWTH
269
DRYMACRIS
104, 202
ECONOMIC IMPACT
269
DRYMONIA
275, 309
ECONOMIC MALACOLOGY
014
DRYMOPHILACRIS
104, 202
ECONOMICS
090, 212, 340
DRYOPHTHORIDAE
182
ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT
397
DRYOPTERIDACEAE
117
ECOSYSTEMS
068, 232, 238
DRYOPTERIS
117, 193
ECOTOURISM
067, 116, 133, 269, 391, 402
DULICHIUM
364
ECOTYPES
387
DUROIA PANAMENSIS
130
ECTATOMMA RUIDUM
310
DUSSIA ATROPURPUREA
094
ECTATOMMINAE
310
DYNASTINAE
009
ECTENESSA
390
DYSCINETUS
047
ECTOBIINAE
323
EBURIA
390
ECTOLECHIACEAE
095
EBURODACRYS
390
ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI
372
ECHIMYIDAE
272
ECUADORICA
147
DORYNOTA (AKANTAKA)
BIPLAGIATA
135
ECHINOMYCES OBESA
361
EDAPHIC FACTORS
313
DORYNOTII
135
ECOGEOGRAPHY
114
EDESSINAE
209
DOTHIDEALES
052, 064, 159, 373
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION
061
EDUCATION
340
DOTHIDEOMYCETES
362
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
084, 232
EGG PREDATION
036
DRACAENACEAE
150, 353
EGG VIABILITY
051
DREISBACHIA
060
ECOLOGY
012, 013,
116, 125,
262, 303,
360, 362,
DREPANAMBATES
234
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
090
EHRETIACEAE
223
DRIOPTERON
179
ECONOMIC ASPECTS
345
EIPHOSOMA
113
DROUGHT ADAPTATION
314
ECONOMIC EVALUATION
192, 259
EIRA
120
DIVERSITY
383
DNA
137
DNA MARKERS
153
DOLICHOMITUS
060
DOLICHOPODIDAE
213, 354
DOLICHOPTERUS
273, 390
DOMINANCE
231
035,
173,
311,
370,
053,
181,
327,
371,
105,
211,
352,
388,
111,
237,
359,
389
EGGS
353
EL NIÑO SOUTHERN
OSCILLATION
407, 411
EL PARQUE
052, 408
ELAPHIDINI
277
ELAPHIDION
274, 390
ELAPHIDIONINI
274
ELAPHIDIONOIDES
274
ELAPIDAE
125
ELATEROIDEA
149
ELECTRON CARINATUM
078
ELEOCHARIS
364
EMBATES
234
EMBERIZIDAE
008, 258
EMBRYO
051, 167
EMBRYONIC MORTALITY
036, 043
EMPLOYMENT
340
EMPOASCA
353
EMYDIDAE
015, 043, 051, 055, 068, 069,
123, 125, 170
ENAPHALODES
390
ENIZEMUM
112
ENOCHRUS
256
ENSO
407, 411
ENTEDONINAE
179
ENTEROGRAPHA
095
ENTOLOMA
100
ENTOLOMATACEAE
100
ENVENOMATION
177
ENVIRONMENT
111, 196, 318
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES
396
ENVIRONMENTAL
DEGRADATION
269, 336, 347, 349
ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSIS
349
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
031, 032, 239, 266, 327, 341
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
036
ENVIRONMENTAL
GUIDELINES
349
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
116, 317
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
341
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
257
ENDANGERED SPECIES
004, 013, 037, 049, 101, 102,
103, 229, 237, 251, 266, 327,
370, 383, 410
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
405
ENDEMISM
180, 217, 249, 251, 295, 321,
329, 368
ENVIRONMENTAL
RESTORATION
132
ENDOPHYLLUM
110
ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
PAYMENT
101, 192, 195, 196, 212, 317,
318
ENERGY PRODUCTION
126
ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY
210
ENZYMATIC SYSTEM
038
ENZYME INHIBITORS
210
ENZYMES
210
EPHEBACEAE
203
EPHEMEROPTERA
080, 263, 326
EPHYDRIDAE
301
EPICHARIS
281
EPIDEMIOLOGY
052, 064, 159, 177
EPIDENDRUM
193
EPILAMPRA
323
EPIMELITTA
390
EPIPHYLLUM
193
EPIPODOCARPUS
273
EPISCIEAE
309
EPIZOOTIOLOGY
379
EPPIA
098
EPRHOPALOTUS
179
EPSILOGASTER TICO
106
ERACON BITERNATA
250
ERANA CRETARIA
267
ERANINA
199
ERETHIZONTIDAE
120
ERIDOLIUS
112
ERIESTOLA
EUPOGONIUS
199
199
310
ERIOCAULACEAE
150
EUCHARITINAE
310
ERIODERMA LIMBATUM
203
EUCOCCIDIORIDA
276
ERIODERMA WRIGHTII
203
EUCOSMOPHORA
236
ERIOLOIDES
098
EUDERCES
390
ERIOLUS
098
EUGENIA
184
EROSION
048
EUGERRES PLUMIERI
299
ERUGA
060
EUGLANDINA
024
ERYTHRODOLIUS
112
EUGLENOPHYTA
097
ESAMIRIM
199, 248
EULACHNESIA
199, 267
ESCHWEILERA
365
EULIINI
147
ESSENTIAL OIL PLANTS
228
EULOPHIDAE
179
ESSOSTRUTHELLA
199
EUMALACOSTRACA
151
ESTOLA
199
EUMASTACIDAE
139
ESTOLOIDES
199
EUMASTACINAE
139
ESTROUS CYCLES
268
EUMASTACOIDEA
139
ETHNIC GROUPS
153
EUMATHES
199
ETHNOBOTANY
238
EUMOLPINAE
146, 174
ETHNOGEOGRAPHY
253
EUMOLPINI
146
ETHNOLOGY
153
EUMYCOTA
052, 064, 090, 110, 156, 157,
159, 187, 188, 373
EXTENSION ACTIVITIES
334
EUPHORBIACEAE
092, 141, 192, 235
EXTERNAL ANATOMY
109, 224
EUPHORINAE
072
EXTINCTION RISK
144
EUPHORINI
072
FABACEAE
021, 040, 045,
076, 077, 090,
139, 142, 143,
214, 236, 241,
EUCALYPTUS DEGLUPTA
075, 082, 092, 131
EUCATOPINI
200
EUCATOPS
200
EUCHARASSUS
390
EUCHARITIDAE
EUPHYLLODROMIA
392
EUROTIALES
360
EURYCOTIS
323
EURYPTERA VIRGATA
273
EURYPYGA HELIAS
383, 410
EURYPYGIDAE
383, 410
EUSUCHIA
013
EUTANYGASTER
113
EUTARDIGRADA
308
EUTELEUTA
199
EUTYPA FLAVOVIRENS
361
EUTYPELLA
361
EVOLUTION
189, 218, 254
EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
020
EXETASTES
140
EXOCHUS
140
EXPERT SYSTEMS
083
EXPLOITATION
068
EXPLORING CAVES
382
046,
092,
147,
246,
058,
094,
192,
251,
059,
133,
195,
282,
317, 322, 327, 330, 387, 388,
408, 411
FINANTICA
339
FARM SIZE
074, 101
FIRE EFFECTS
407
FARMER MANAGEMENT
232
FIRMICUTES
332
FARMING SYSTEMS
074
FISHERIES
126, 136, 239
FARMS
391
FISHES
018, 044, 054, 129, 161, 162,
163, 218, 244, 252, 254, 299,
303, 319, 367, 395, 396
FAULA
047
FAUNAL INVENTORY
264
FAUNAL RECORDS
162
FAUNAL REVIEW
162
FECUNDITY
044
FLACOPIMPLA
060
FLACOURTIACEAE
139
FLAVIVIRIDAE
379
FLAVIVIRUS
379
FOODPLAINS
071
FORAGE DIGESTION
270
FORAGING
013
FORECASTING
407
FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY
105
FOREST CERTIFICATION
195, 317
FOREST COVER
134
FOREST ECOLOGY
400
FOREST ECONOMICS
192
FOREST FIRES
407
FEEDING
120
FLAVOBATHELIUM
EPIPHYLLUM
041
FOREST FRAGMENTATION
232, 350
FEEDING HABITS
034, 044, 105, 116
FLOOD CONTROL
126
FOREST INFLUENCES
192
FELIDAE
120
FLOODING
036, 037
FOREST INSECTS
030
FELLHANERA
053, 095
FLOODPLAINS
126, 136, 239
FOREST MANAGEMENT
075, 131, 195, 196, 216, 317,
318, 327
FELLING CYCLE
216
FLOODS
036
FEMALES
167
FLORIDICHTHYS
252
FERNS
050, 117, 311
FLOWERS
201
FERRAROA
306
FOLIICOLOUS LICHENS
041, 053, 062, 070, 087, 095,
096, 114
FERTILIZATION
154, 230
FERTILIZER APPLICATION
059
FIELD GUIDES
120
FILA CAÑO NEGRO
405
FILICALES
117, 242
FIMBRISTYLIS
364
FOMITOPSIS
029
FONAFIFO
134, 212
FOOD FOR MAN
068
FOOD PLANTS
202, 235, 302, 327
FOREST PATCHES
232
FOREST PLANTATIONS
169, 190, 192, 297, 333, 350,
401
FOREST PRODUCTS
INDUSTRY
333
FOREST RESERVES
144
FOREST RESOURCES
401
FOREST RESTORATION
232
FOREST SUCCESSION
061
FOOD RESOURCES
033
FOREST TREES
030, 137, 169, 232, 251, 297,
333
FOOD SAFETY EVALUATION
409
FORESTED AREAS
158
FORESTRY
169, 216
FORESTRY INCENTIVES
111
FORESTRY RESERVES
128
FORESTRY SECTOR
134
FORESTS
084, 099, 401
FORMICIDAE
051, 310, 374, 375
FORRESTOPIUS
140
FOSSIL MAMMALS
272
FRESH-WATER CLAMS
403
FRESHWATER
055
FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
299
FRESHWATER FISHES
218, 254, 303, 367
FRESHWATER HABITAT
013
FROGS
006
FRUIT CROPS
052
FRUIT PRODUCTION
056
FUIRENA
364
FULGORIDAE
227
FULGOROIDEA
227
FULGOROMORPHA
227
FUNDULUS
252
FUNGAL DISEASES
064, 142, 279
FUNGAL MORPHOLOGY
056
FUNGAL SPORES
056
FUNGI
027, 029,
062, 064,
093, 095,
156, 157,
211, 306,
372, 373,
GENOME SCREENING
153
041,
070,
096,
159,
359,
376,
052,
085,
100,
187,
360,
404
053,
087,
108,
188,
361,
056,
090,
114,
203,
362,
FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE
064
FUNGICIDES
052, 064, 090, 159, 373
GAGARINIA MELASMA
198
GAIADENDRON
193
GALLUS DOMESTICUS
276
GANODERMA
029, 085, 404
GASTEROMYCETES
108, 211
GASTROPODS
014, 024, 167, 176, 353
GEASTRUM
108, 211
GEKKONIDAE
125
GENE BANK
126
GENE FLOW
137
GENETIC DIVERSITY
038, 109, 137, 155, 215, 224
GENETIC DRIFT
038
GENETIC ISOLATES
215
GENETIC MARKERS
215, 314
GENETIC POLYMORPHISM
153
GENETIC RESOURCES
133, 155, 314
GENETIC STRUCTURE
109, 137, 224
GENETIC VARIATION
089, 103, 153, 314, 400
GENITALIA
139, 147
GENOTYPE
276
GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
349
GEOGRAPHICAL
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
099, 251, 302
GEOGRAPHY
203, 311
GEOMYIDAE
120
GEONOMA INTERRUPTA
201
GEONOMEAE
201
GEOPHAGUS CRASSILABRUS
244
GEOSTATIONARY
OPERATIONAL
ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE
IMAGERY
172
GERMPLASM ANALYSIS
109, 155, 224
GERMPLASM CONSERVATION
109, 155, 224
GERREIDAE
299
GERWASIA
110
GESNERIACEAE
275, 309
GESTA INVISUS
250
GIGANTOTRICHODERES
390
GIREOUDIA
331
GIS
099, 251, 302
GLANDINA
024
GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM
133
GLOBAL PATTERNS
218, 254
GLOSSATA
264
GLOSSOPHAGA
120
GLOSSOSOMATIDAE
285
GLUPHOSINATE AMMONIUM
TOLERANT RICE
409
GLYCINE MAX
246
GLYPTA
140
GLYPTINI
140
GREAT-GREEN MACAW
101, 102, 261, 266
HABENARIA
193
GREEN MARKETS
212
HABIA ATRIMAXILLARIS
078
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
192
HABIT
240
GREENHOUSE GASES
212
HABITAT CHANGE
049
GRIAS CAULIFLORA
099
HABITAT DESTRUCTION
049, 101, 102
GROTEA
113
HABITAT EVALUATION
158
GROUNDWATER
405
HABITAT EXPLOITATION
302
GM RICE ENVIRONMENTAL
BIOSAFETY
409
GROWTH
075, 082, 131, 173, 190, 313
GMELINA ARBOREA
169, 259, 282, 292, 333, 350
GROWTH MODELS
408
GNAMPTODON
236
GROWTH RATE
012, 013
GNAMPTOGENYS
310
GUAREA
329
GNAPHALODES
390
GUATTERIA ALATA
099
GNETACEAE
150
GUATUSO (CANTON)
026, 058, 061, 063, 075,
082, 084, 091, 115, 118,
131, 132, 168, 169, 172,
230, 343, 356, 374, 386,
GNETOPHYTA
150
GNOMIDOLON
390
GOES SATELLITE IMAGERY
172
GOMPHILLACEAE
095, 114, 306
GONIOCHENIINI
135
GORTONIA
390
GRACILICUTES
005, 017, 045, 076
GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA
005, 017
GRAMMITIDACEAE
117
GRAMMOTHELE
029
GRAZING
325
HABITAT INVASION
173
HABITAT PREFERENCE
013, 256
HABITAT PROTECTION
144
HABITAT SELECTION
302
077,
119,
222,
401
GUATUSO-MALEKU
AMERINDIANS
038, 118, 119, 132, 253, 346
GUZMANIA
193
GYALECTACEAE
087, 095, 203
GYALECTIDIUM
095, 114
GYALIDEOPSIS
306
GYGIS ALBA
008
GYMNOPHIONA
006, 125
GYMNOPHTHALMIDAE
125
GYMNOSPERMS
133, 150
GYROMITRA INFULA
360
HABITAT FRAGMENTATION
350
HABITAT STRUCTURE
033
HABITAT USE
123, 237, 302, 370
HABITATS
120, 150, 170, 183, 184, 232,
237, 242, 245, 251, 311, 335,
343, 370, 396
HABRONYX
112
HACIENDA TENORIO
379
HADELEBOEA
140
HADROSTETHUS
140
HAEMODORACEAE
150
HAEMULIDAE
299
HAENKEA
390
HAPSINOTUS
140
HARDWOODS
029
HARRINGTONIA
199
HARUSPEX
390
HATCHING
036, 043, 051
HAULING
216
HEALTH
340
HEART OF PALM
091, 154
HEARTWOOD
190
HEDGES
232
HEDYLIDAE
235
HEMIBLABERA
323
HEXACONA
199
HEMILEIA
110
HILAROLEOPSIS
199, 248, 267
HEMILISSA
390
HIPPOBROMA LONGIFLORA
238, 307
HEMILOAPIS
198
HIPPOPSIS
199
HEMILOPHINI
267
HIPPOTIDEAE
130
HEMILUCILIA SEGMENTARIA
105
HIPPOTIS
130
HEMIPTERA
030, 039, 057, 191, 209, 227,
255, 260, 328
HISTER
138
HEMITRICHIA
108
HERBICIDES
143
HEDYLOIDEA
235
HERICHTHYS (THERAPS)
TUBA
161, 163
HELGREELIA
363
HERITABILITY
247, 314
HELIAS
250
HELICINA
167, 176
HELICINIDAE
167, 176
HELICONIA
217
HELICONIACEAE
150, 217
HELICONIAS
120
HELIORNIS FULICA
383, 410
HELIORNITHIDAE
383, 410
HELOBATA LARVALIS
256
HELOCHARES
256
HELVELLA
360
HELVINA
199
HERNANDIA DIDYMANTHA
099
HEROTILAPIA MULTISPINOSA
244
HERPAILURUS
120
HESPERIIDAE
250
HETERACHTHES
390
HETERANDRIA
252
HETEROMERINGIA
378
HETEROMYIDAE
120, 286, 287, 288
HETEROMYS
120, 288
HETERONEURA
264
HETEROPTERA
039, 057, 209, 260, 328
HETEROTILAPIA
MULTISPINOSA
161, 162
HISTERIDAE
138
HISTORY
382, 388, 389
HOLOTYPE DESIGNATION
243
HOME RANGE
021, 054, 060, 086
HOMEOMASTAX
139
HOMINIDAE
038, 153, 253
HOMO
038, 153, 253
HOMOEGAMIA
323
HOMOPTERA
191, 215, 227, 353
HONEY
175, 316
HOPLOGNATHOCA
166
HOST PLANTS
139, 141, 147, 236
HOST RECORDS
197
HOST RELATIONSHIPS
060
HOST-PLANT
SPECIALIZATION
202
HOSTS
113, 179, 197, 351, 388, 389
HUBBARDIIDAE
IGUANIDAE
125
186
193
HUMAN DISTURBANCE
049, 294
HYMENOEPIMECIS
060
HUMAN GENETICS
153
HYMENOLOBIUM
MESOAMERICANUM
251
ILYTHEINAE
301
HYMENOPHYLLACEAE
117
IMMATURE STAGES
236
HYMENOPTERA
051, 060, 072, 106, 112, 113,
140, 165, 166, 175, 178, 179,
197, 236, 281, 298, 310, 316,
351, 374, 375, 380
IMPACT
196, 318
HYPAMBLYS
112
IMPORTANT SITES
410
HYPERMALLUS
274
INBIO
007, 026,
072, 094,
106, 112,
122, 135,
145, 146,
152, 164,
174, 178,
184, 185,
191, 197,
205, 209,
221, 222,
236, 238,
263, 264,
273, 275,
290, 295,
304, 306,
312, 320,
328, 329,
356, 357,
363, 372,
381, 390
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
253
HUMEDAL MEDIO QUESO
398
HUMID TROPICS
083, 190, 246
HUNTING
116
HYALOPSORA
110
ILEX SKUTCHII
099
IMPORTANCE
068
042,
098,
113,
138,
147,
165,
179,
186,
198,
211,
223,
242,
265,
277,
296,
307,
321,
330,
359,
374,
050,
100,
117,
139,
148,
166,
181,
187,
199,
213,
226,
248,
267,
278,
298,
308,
322,
350,
360,
376,
057,
104,
120,
140,
149,
167,
182,
188,
200,
215,
227,
249,
269,
283,
301,
309,
324,
354,
361,
377,
060,
105,
121,
141,
150,
171,
183,
189,
204,
220,
234,
256,
271,
285,
302,
311,
326,
355,
362,
378,
HYALOTHYRUS NELEUS
PEMPHIGARGYRA
250
HYPERMETAMORPHOSIS
236
HYBOSA MELLICULA
135
HYPHOPHORES
114, 306
HYBRIDIZATION
009, 217, 331
HYPOLEPIS
117, 139
HYDROBIOMORPHA
171
HYPOLYTRUM
364
HYDROCHARITACEAE
150
HYPOXIDACEAE
150
HYDROLOGY
048
HYPSICERA
140
HYDROPHILIDAE
171, 256, 290
HYPSIPYLA GRANDELLA
089, 284
HYDROPHILINI
171, 256
IATUCA
199
HYDROPHILOIDEA
171
IATUCA BREVICORNIS
198
HYDROPROGNE CASPIA
008
ICHNEUMONIDAE
060, 112, 113, 140, 178
HYERONIMA
092, 099, 192
HYLA
020
ICHNEUMONOIDEA
072, 106
INCENTIVES FOR
REFORESTATION
169
ICHTHYOFAUNA
252, 303, 367
INCUBATION TEMPERATURE
036
ICIMAUNA
199
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE
399
ICTERIDAE
258
INDIGENOUS ORGANISMS
061, 078, 098, 117, 150, 183,
192, 251, 297
HYLESICIDA
140
HYLETTUS
199
HYLIDAE
006, 020, 125
HYMENOCHAETACEAE
029, 404
HYMENODIUM
ICTERUS SCLATERI SCLATERI
258
IDENTIFICATION
060, 067, 109, 115, 224
INBIOMYIA
320
INBIOMYIIDAE
283, 320
INBIOPARQUE
301
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
118, 119, 253
INDIGENOUS POPULATION
118, 119, 346
060
173
INFLORESCENCE
240
INVERTEBRATES
001, 009, 010, 014,
039, 047, 051, 057,
073, 080, 089, 098,
106, 112, 113, 121,
138, 139, 140, 141,
147, 148, 149, 151,
165, 166, 167, 171,
176, 178, 179, 181,
186, 189, 191, 197,
200, 202, 204, 205,
215, 219, 220, 221,
232, 233, 234, 235,
249, 250, 255, 256,
264, 267, 271, 273,
277, 278, 281, 283,
290, 291, 296, 298,
307, 308, 310, 312,
323, 324, 326, 328,
353, 354, 355, 357,
369, 371, 374, 375,
380, 381, 384, 385,
390, 392, 403, 412,
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
067
INGA
099, 147, 236, 388
INOCEPHALUS
100
INOCULANT CARRIERS
005, 017
INOCULATION
040, 045
INSECT BEHAVIOUR
030
INSECT SOUND
098
INSECTS
001, 009,
051, 057,
089, 098,
113, 121,
141, 145,
152, 164,
175, 178,
189, 191,
202, 204,
219, 220,
234, 235,
255, 256,
271, 273,
283, 284,
298, 301,
320, 323,
351, 353,
366, 369,
378, 380,
389, 390,
010,
060,
104,
135,
146,
165,
179,
197,
205,
221,
236,
260,
274,
285,
304,
324,
354,
371,
381,
392
030,
072,
105,
138,
147,
166,
181,
198,
209,
227,
248,
263,
277,
290,
310,
326,
355,
374,
384,
039,
073,
106,
139,
148,
171,
182,
199,
213,
231,
249,
264,
278,
291,
312,
328,
357,
375,
385,
047,
080,
112,
140,
149,
174,
185,
200,
215,
232,
250,
267,
281,
296,
316,
350,
363,
377,
388,
IXOBRYCHUS EXILIS
086
JABIRU MYCTERIA
071, 383, 410
JAMESIELLA CHAVERRIAE
306
JODASIA
174
JORGEUS
112
JUNCACEAE
150
KAPALA
310
IRIDACEAE
150
KARYOTYPES
311
IRONEUS
390
KATYDIDS
353
IRPEX
029
KEYS
003, 016,
070, 072,
100, 104,
125, 138,
149, 150,
178, 179,
189, 194,
209, 213,
234, 240,
267, 271,
298, 301,
320, 328,
357, 358,
369, 374,
380, 381,
ISCHASIA
273, 390
ISCHIOLONCHA
199
ISCHIOSCIA
151
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
MANAGEMENT
409
ISEROPUS
060
INTERNATIONAL WATERS
257
ITUMBIARA
199, 267
KARST TOPOGRAPHY
382
ISCHNOPTERA
323, 392
INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION
257
030,
072,
105,
135,
146,
164,
175,
185,
199,
213,
231,
248,
263,
276,
285,
304,
320,
351,
366,
378,
389,
IRIARTEA
388
INTEGRATION
319
INTERFERENCE
143
024,
060,
104,
122,
145,
152,
174,
182,
198,
209,
227,
236,
260,
274,
284,
301,
316,
350,
363,
377,
388,
413
ISLA BOLAÑOS
383
ISLA GUAYABO
383
ISLA PAJAROS
383
ISLA QUIRIBRI
167, 176, 383
INTERSPECIFIC
HYBRIDIZATION
109
ISOLATED TREES
232
INTRODUCED SPECIES
173
ISOPODS
151
INVASIVE SPECIES
ITOPLECTIS
022,
085,
105,
140,
151,
180,
198,
220,
241,
277,
306,
331,
359,
375,
384,
026,
087,
112,
141,
164,
181,
203,
222,
242,
278,
308,
354,
363,
376,
385,
057,
093,
113,
146,
171,
183,
204,
226,
256,
281,
311,
355,
364,
377,
392,
KINOSTERNIDAE
125
KRITACRIS ARBORICOLA
202
KUATING BICOLOR
248
KUATINGA
199
KUEHNEOLA
110
KYLLINGA
364
KYRANYCHA
199
060,
098,
114,
148,
174,
185,
205,
227,
260,
285,
312,
356,
365,
378,
404
120
LABENA
113
LARVAE
105, 236, 377
LABENINAE
113
LASIOSPHAERIA
RACIBORSKII
188
LACTARIUS
372
LACUSTRINE VEGETATION
042
LAGOCHEIRUS
199, 121
LAGOLEPTUS
112
LAGOMORPHS
120
LAGOONS
088, 336, 347, 349
LAGUNA DE CAÑO NEGRO
049
LAKES
068, 088
LAMIINAE
198, 199, 248, 273
LAMINATED BEAMS
292
LAND
402
LAND USE
011, 128, 134, 172, 237, 370
LAND USE CHANGE
349
LAND USE PLANNING
315
LANDSAT IMAGERY
172
LANDSCAPE
232
LANDSCAPE CONSERVATION
232
LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
232
LANDSCAPE FRAGMENTATION
350
LANEIELLA
273
LANGERMANNIA
211
LARUS PHILADELPHIA
008
LASIOSPHAERIACEAE
187
LATERNEA
211
LATHROLESTES
112
LAURACEAE
035
LEAF-CUTTING ANTS
375
LEAFHOPPERS
353
LEAFMINING MOTHS
236
LEAFROLLERS
147
LEAVES
201, 228, 240
LECANORACEAE
095
LECARONOMYCETES
376
LECTOTYPES
148
LECYTHIDACEAE
251, 365
LECYTHIS
251, 365
LEIODIDAE
200
LEIOPLEURA
312
LEIOSCAPHEUS
202
LEISHMANIA
307
LEKKING
296
LEMNACEAE
150
LEMPHOLEMMA DICHOTOMUM
203
LEOPARDUS
LEPIDOCHELYS
125
LEPIDOPILUM CRASSISETUM
180
LEPIDOPTERA
089, 147, 197, 219, 235, 250,
264, 284
LEPIDOSAPHES
353
LEPIDOSAURIA
280
LEPISOSTEIDAE
018, 044, 299
LEPORIDAE
120
LEPTOBATOPSIS
140
LEPTODACTYLIDAE
125
LEPTOGIUM
203
LEPTOGLOSSUS
057
LEPTOHYPHIDAE
263, 326
LEPTOPIMPLA
060
LEPTOSTYLUS
199
LEPTOTYPHLOPIDAE
125
LEPTRICHILLUS
199
LEPTURGANTES
199
LEPTURGES
199
LEPTURINAE
273
LEUCAENA
133
LEUCOPELAEA BARONIS
145
LEUCOPHAEA
323
LEUCOPHOEBE
199
LICHENES
041, 053, 062, 070, 087, 093,
095, 096, 114, 203, 306
LICHENIZED FUNGI
087, 093
LIFE CYCLE
030, 039, 105
LIFE HISTORY
123, 170, 234, 236
LOS LIRIOS DE LOS CHILES
047, 159
LISPINUS NEVERMANNI
369
LOSS OF CULTURAL
ELEMENTS
253
LILIACEAE
150
058,
109,
155,
208,
231,
358,
388,
LIMATUS DURHAMII
366
LIMERNAEA
273
LIMESTONE
059
LIMING MATERIALS
059
LIMNOCHARITACEAE
150
LIMNOLOGY
097
LINOSTA
219
LINOSTINAE
219
LINSLEYELLA
273
LINSLEYONIDES
274
LIPARA
357
LIPOTACTOMIMUS
098
073,
139,
183,
215,
232,
364,
389,
089,
102,
127,
168,
225,
343,
405,
090,
103,
131,
169,
244,
386,
408,
091,
107,
143,
172,
247,
398,
409,
LOSSES
090
LITHARGYRUS
199
LOW COST CONTROL
373
LITHOGYALIDEOPSIS
306
027,
107,
154,
201,
230,
351,
377,
082,
101,
119,
157,
224,
316,
401,
LOSS OF HABITAT
078
LISSONOTA
140
LIGULE AND PSEUDOPETIOLE
240
LIPPIA
LISPINODES AMERICANUS
369
LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFLUA
133
LISSOCAULUS
140
LIGIELLA
211
LILIOPSIDA
003, 016, 026,
074, 079, 091,
142, 143, 150,
191, 193, 194,
217, 224, 225,
236, 240, 270,
368, 371, 373,
409, 411
LIROMETOPUM
098
079,
099,
118,
156,
175,
276,
400,
193
LEURUS
140
LOXOCEMIDAE
125
LITHOSCIRTUS DAEDALUS
104, 202
LITOPELTIS
392
LOXODOCUS
140
LUCIDELLA LIRATA
167, 176
LLANOS DEL RIO MEDIO
QUESO
332
LUCILIA
105
LOASA
193
LUEHEA SEEMANNII
099, 389
LOBELIA
193
LUZULA
364
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
399
LYCIDAE
355
LOCULOASCOMYCETES
362
LYCOGALOPSIS
211
LOG PROCESSING YIELDS
282
LYCOPERDALES
108
LOGGING
011, 371
LYCOPERDON
211
LOMARIOPSIDACEAE
311
LYCORINA
112
LOMARIOPSIS
311
LYCORININAE
112
LONTRA
120
LYGAEIDAE
260
LOPHOPOEUM
199
LYGAEOIDEA
260
LOS CHILES (CANTON)
002, 003, 005, 006, 008,
014, 016, 017, 020, 021,
030, 031, 032, 035, 039,
045, 052, 056, 058, 059,
072, 073, 074, 075, 076,
010,
022,
040,
064,
077,
MACRAMBATES
234
MACROBIOTIDAE
308
092,
109,
155,
173,
259,
399,
411
MACROCOPTURS BASALIS
213
MACROCYDIA DIVERGENS
264
MACRODACTYINI
278
MACRODACTYLUS
278
MALACOSCYLUS
ELEGANTULUS
267
MALACOSTRACA
151
MALAISE TRAPS
060
MALES
166
153, 168, 210,
268, 270, 272,
288, 289, 302,
379
MANAGEMENT PLAN
216, 338, 342, 344
MACROSOMA
235
MAGNOLIOPSIDA
009, 011, 021, 022,
039, 040, 045, 046,
058, 059, 064, 071,
076, 077, 082, 089,
094, 099, 103, 127,
133, 137, 139, 141,
156, 157, 159, 169,
190, 191, 192, 193,
222, 223, 226, 228,
234, 235, 236, 238,
246, 247, 251, 259,
282, 284, 292, 295,
307, 309, 310, 313,
321, 322, 324, 327,
331, 333, 350, 356,
386, 387, 389, 400,
MAMMALS
038, 116, 120,
229, 237, 253,
279, 286, 287,
305, 325, 370,
MASDEVALLIA
193
MANAGEMENT
011, 111, 342, 344, 399
MACROGEOMYS
288
MAGNOLIOPHYTA
003, 007, 009, 011,
022, 026, 027, 030,
040, 045, 046, 047,
058, 059, 064, 071,
075, 076, 077, 079,
090, 091, 092, 094,
107, 109, 117, 127,
133, 137, 139, 141,
150, 154, 155, 156,
169, 173, 183, 184,
192, 193, 194, 195,
214, 215, 217, 222,
225, 226, 228, 230,
234, 235, 236, 238,
243, 246, 247, 251,
275, 282, 284, 292,
304, 307, 309, 310,
317, 321, 322, 324,
330, 331, 333, 350,
358, 364, 365, 368,
377, 386, 387, 388,
408, 409, 411
120, 305
MALMELLA
203
MANATEE ABUNDANCE
116
016,
035,
050,
073,
082,
099,
130,
142,
157,
190,
201,
223,
231,
240,
259,
295,
313,
327,
351,
371,
389,
030,
047,
074,
090,
130,
142,
173,
195,
231,
241,
270,
297,
314,
329,
365,
408,
021,
039,
052,
074,
089,
103,
131,
143,
159,
191,
208,
224,
232,
241,
270,
297,
314,
329,
356,
373,
400,
035,
052,
075,
092,
131,
143,
184,
214,
232,
243,
275,
304,
317,
330,
371,
411
MANATEES
116
MANGROVE FORESTS
126, 136, 239
MASTIGOPHORA
307
MATING CALLS
020
MATING SYSTEMS
038
MAXILLARIA
026, 193
MAYACACEAE
150
MAZAMA
120
MAZOSIA
095
MANGROVES
066, 078, 088, 126, 136, 239,
335
MEASUREMENT
015
MANSONIA TITILLANS
366
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
292
MAPANIA
364
MECOMETOPUS
390
MAPS
088, 137, 401
MECOTETARTUS
199
MARANTACEAE
150
MEDEVENTOR NUBOSUS
357
MARASMIELLUS
108
MEDICAL GENETICS
153
MARASMIUS
108
MEDICINAL PLANTS
210, 238, 307
MARAVALIA
110
MEDIO QUESO
005, 017, 401
MARCGRAVIA
193
MEGACYLLENE
390
MARCHELLA HEREDIANA
360
MEGADERUS
273
MARILIANA HOVOREI
267
MEGALONYCHIDAE
120
MARISCUS
364
MEGAPSYRASSA
390
MARKERS
153
MEGASTERNINI
290
MARKETING
091, 386
MEGOPS
304
MARMOSA
120
MELALONCHA
298
MARSUPIALS
352
MELAMPODIUM
DIVARICATUM
310
MEROMACRUS
204
MELAMPSORA
108, 110
MESORHAGA
354
MELAMPSORIDIUM
110
METACAPUTUS
098
MELANOGASTER
211
METAMASIUS
388, 389
MELANOMMATALES
041
METAXYONYCHA
174
MELANOPLINAE
202
METEOROLOGY
407
MELANTHIACEAE
150
METOPIINAE
140
MELASTOMATACEAE
173
METOPIUS
140
MELIACEAE
089, 103, 133, 137, 195, 247,
284, 314, 317, 329, 400
MICE
210
MELIPONINAE
175, 316
MELOLONTHA FLAVOSTRIATA
145
MELOLONTHIDAE
152
MELOLONTHINAE
152, 278
MELOZONE LEUCOTIS
LEUCOTIS
258
MELPOMENE ALAN-SHMITHII
117
MEMBRACIDAE
191
MEN
038, 153
MENDESELLA ORIANAE
106
MENDESELLINAE
106
MENISCOMORPHA
140
MEPHRITUS
390
MERCHANTABLE VOLUME
169
MERCK & CO / INBIO
AGREEMENT
269
MICOUREUS
120
MICRELYTRINAE
328
MICRELYTRINI
328
MICROBOTRYALES
027
MIGRATORY BIRDS
383
MILESIA
204
MILK PRODUCTION
083
MIMICRY
213, 324
MIMOLAIA
199
MINIMUM TILLAGE
142, 208
MINQUARTIA GUIANENSIS
099
MIONECTES OLEAGINEUS
009
MIONOCHROMA
390
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA
129
MNIOES
140
MOLECULAR CLOCK
202
MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS
129
MICROCTENOCHIRA
BONVOULOIRI
135
MOLLUSCS
014, 167, 176, 353, 403
MICROGASTRINAE
197
MONCHECA
098
MICROHYLIDAE
125
MONERA
332
MICROMMATOS
205
MONITORING
293
MICROORGANISMS
029, 056, 095, 097, 114, 276
MONNECLES
390
MICROPSYRASSA
390
MONOBLASTIACEAE
095
MICROSATELLITES
137
MONTANE RAINFOREST
306
MICROSCIURUS
120, 289
MONTESIA
199
MIGRATING BIRDS
343
MONTEVERDE CLOUD FOREST
RESERVE
008, 024, 035, 060, 067, 070,
078, 098, 104, 105, 114, 117,
120, 121, 125, 135, 138, 141,
147, 150, 151, 152, 162, 164,
166, 167, 176, 178, 179, 180,
MIGRATION
340
MIGRATION RATE
181,
198,
209,
234,
273,
295,
312,
359,
381,
183,
199,
211,
242,
281,
296,
324,
360,
389,
184,
200,
213,
248,
283,
298,
329,
369,
390
188,
202,
222,
249,
285,
301,
354,
374,
189,
204,
229,
250,
290,
304,
355,
378,
194,
205,
232,
271,
291,
311,
357,
380,
MUSTELA
120
MUSTELIDAE
120
MUTANTS
107
MORGANELLA
211
MUTATION
107, 153
MORINDA
022
MUTILLIDAE
166, 380
MORINDEAE
022
MUTINUS
211
MORPHOLOGICAL
VARIABILITY
234
MYCETOPODIDAE
403
MORPHOLOGY
035, 124, 147, 201, 224, 236,
240, 271, 297, 311, 331, 366,
368
MYCOSPHAERELLA CITRI
052, 064, 159
MYCOSPHAERELLA FIJIENSIS
373
MORPHOMETRICS
305
MYIASIS
105
MORTALITY
036, 068
MYODOCHA
260
MORTONIODENDRON
295
MYRIAPODA
233
MOSQUITOES
366
MYRISTICACEAE
092, 192
MOSSES
180
MYRMECOPHAGIDAE
120
MOTONERUS
290
MYRTACEAE
075, 082, 092, 131, 184
MOVEMENTS
012, 013, 327
MYXOMYCETES
108
MULTIPURPOSE TREES
133, 232
NACAEU
369
MURIDAE
120, 210, 272
NADOPSIS LOISELLEI
162
MUSA (BANANAS)
388
NAEMATOLOMA
108
MUSA (PLANTAINS)
373
NANDOPSIS DOVII
162
MUSACEAE
150, 373, 388
NANIUM
112
MUSCI
180
NASUA
120
MUSCIDAE
271
NATIONAL MONUMENTS
144
MUSCIDORA
390
NATIONAL PARKS
062, 067, 078, 128, 134, 144,
332, 407
NATURAL HISTORY
020, 125, 189, 241, 330
NATURAL POPULATIONS
247
NATURAL RESOURCES
023, 066, 133, 144, 237, 341,
370, 397, 402
NATURAL RESOURCES
CONSERVATION
239, 340, 345, 346, 348, 397
NATURAL SELECTION
314
NATURE CONSERVATION
042, 065, 071, 128, 136, 144,
335
NATURE RESERVES
042, 066, 128, 144, 334, 335
NEALCIDION
199
NEETROPLUS NEMATOPUS
161, 162
NELEOTHYMUS
113
NELIOPISTHUS
112
NEOCLYTUS
390
NEOCOMPSA
390
NEOCONOCEPHALUS
098
NEOEUTRYPANUS
199
NEOHETERANDRIA
252
NEOLYSURUS
211
NEOMEGADERUS
273
NEOSCHILDOMYIA FUSCA
363
NEOTHERONIA
060
NEOTRACHYS
312
NEPHALIOIDES
390
NEPHELEA
139
211, 260, 271, 278, 290, 328,
360, 367, 369, 372, 404
NERITOPSINA
167, 176
NEW SPECIES
001, 009, 010, 026,
053, 057, 060, 070,
087, 093, 094, 098,
106, 112, 114, 117,
130, 139, 140, 141,
147, 148, 149, 151,
167, 171, 174, 178,
184, 185, 187, 188,
198, 200, 203, 204,
217, 220, 221, 222,
227, 234, 241, 242,
256, 260, 263, 264,
274, 275, 277, 281,
286, 287, 289, 291,
298, 301, 304, 305,
309, 310, 312, 320,
323, 324, 326, 328,
351, 354, 355, 356,
364, 365, 369, 374,
380, 381, 384, 385,
412, 413
NEW SUBFAMILY
219
NESOTRICCUS RIDGWAYI
078
NEST CONSERVATION
051
NEST DESTRUCTION
101
NEST LOCATION
207
NEST SIZE
051
NESTING
071
NESTING AREA
101, 327
NESTING BEHAVIOUR
069
041,
072,
100,
122,
145,
152,
179,
189,
205,
223,
248,
267,
283,
295,
306,
321,
329,
357,
377,
389,
050,
080,
104,
127,
146,
164,
181,
191,
213,
226,
249,
272,
285,
296,
308,
322,
330,
363,
378,
392,
NEW SUBSPECIES
098, 167, 219, 234, 258, 262,
286, 288, 289
NESTING COLONIES
383
NEW SYNONYMS
021, 024, 141, 178, 181, 199,
204, 233, 234, 271, 273, 274,
281, 291, 301, 328, 360, 369,
374, 378, 381, 388
NESTING SITES
036, 071, 207
NESTING TREE
327
NEW VARIETY
211, 265
NESTS
036, 371
NIDULARIALES
108
NETELIA
112
NIOPHIS
390
NEUROPHYSETA
CAMPTOGRAMMALIS
197
NONWOOD FOREST
PRODUCTS
210, 231
NOSTIMA
301
NOXIOUS MOLLUSCS
014
NUMENIUS AMERICANUS
008
NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY
154
NUTRIENT CONTENT
154
NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES
154
NUTRIENTS RETENTION
126
NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION
246
NUTRITIVE VALUE
387
NUZONIA ISTHMICA
135
NYCTIBORA FICTOR
392
NYCTIBORINAE
392
NYSSICUS
390
NYSSODECTES
199
NIPHIDIUM
050
NYSSODESMS
ALBOMARGINIS
233
NITRATES
294
NYSSODRYSINA
199
NITROGEN
045
NYSSODRYSTERNUM
199
NITROGEN CONTENT
076
OBRIUM
390
NITROGEN FERTILIZERS
045, 076
OCCIA
140
NOCTUANA
250
OCHNACEAE
099
NEW LECTOTYPES
185, 256
NODULATION
040, 045, 076
OCNOSISPA
141
NEW RECORDS
002, 007, 008, 021, 054, 057,
080, 085, 087, 100, 117, 135,
151, 152, 155, 166, 182, 207,
NOMOSPHECIA
060
ODINIIDAE
363
NEW COMBINATIONS
053, 114, 121, 141, 146, 147,
149, 164, 165, 174, 199, 205,
213, 234, 242, 273, 304, 362,
369, 378
NEW FAMILY
283
NEW GENUS
027, 041, 056,
146, 149, 164,
205, 227, 248,
271, 283, 351,
392
072,
174,
263,
357,
098,
193,
264,
362,
112,
198,
267,
363,
ODOCOILEUS
120
ODONTOCERA
390
ODONTOPHORIDAE
008
ODONTOPIMPLA
060
OEDEMOPSIS
112
OEDIPODINAE
202
OEDOPEZA
199
OLENOSUS
199
OLETHREUTINAE
264
OMMATA
273, 390
OMPHALE
179
ONALCIDION
199
ONARION
112
ONCIDIUM
193
ONCOMETOPIA
353
ONIONS
039
ONTOGENETIC CHANGES
297
OPEGRAPHACEAE
095
OPHIONELLUS
112
OPHIOPTERUS
112
OPHISTERNON
AENIGMATICUM
367
ORAL TRADITION
253
ORANGES
052, 159
ORCHIDACEAE
026, 183
OREOCHROMIS
54, 162
OREODERA
199
OREOPANAX
193
ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES
058, 077
ORIGIN
303
ORMOSIA
322
ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
026, 353
ORTHOGEOMYS
120
ORTHOGNATHINAE
182
ORTHOPTERA
098, 104, 139, 202, 353, 392
ORWELLION
274, 390
ORYZA GLABERRIMA
225
ORYZA GLANDIGLUMIS
409
ORYZA GLUMAEPATULA
109, 155, 224, 225, 409
ORYZA GRANDIGLUMIS
109, 155, 225, 368
ORYZA LATIFOLIA
109, 155, 225, 409
ORYZA RUFIPOGON
109, 155, 224, 225
OUDEMANSIELLA
108
OVIS ARIES
279
OXYCOLEUS
390
OXYGEN DISSOLVED
294
OXYLYMMA
390
OXYPELTINAE
273
OXYTORINAE
113
OXYTORUS
113
OZINEUS
199
PACHES POLLA
250
PACHYCONDYLA STIGMA
310
PACHYMEROLA
390
PALEOECOLOGY
272
PALLIOLATRIX
304
PALM TREES
255
PALUSTRINE VEGETATION
042
PANCHLORA
323
ORYZA SATIVA
074, 107, 109, 143, 215, 225,
409, 411
PANCHLORINAE
323, 392
OSCINELLINAE
357
PANDANACEAE
183
OSCINICITA HANSONI
357
PANGONIA
384
OSORIINAE
369
PANGONINAE
384
OSTEICHTHYES
367
PANICEAE
079
OSTROPALES
093, 306
PANICOIDEAE
079
OTITIDAE
185
PANNARIA
203
PASTURES
083, 232
PANNARIACEAE
203
PEAKELESTES
112
PANTERPES INSIGNIS
EISENMANNI
262
PEASANT COMMUNITIES
315
PANTHERA
120
PEASANTRY
115
PARACHALASTINUS
199
PEAT
005, 017
PARACHROMIS
161, 245, 319
PEHUENIA
273
PARADISCOPUS
199
PARAMALLOCERA
390
PARANDRINAE
273
PARANIA
112
PARANISOPODUS
199
PARAPHRYNUS
186
PARASITES
197
PARASITOIDS
236, 298, 351
PARATELA OVATIPENNIS
202
PARATROPES
323
PARATROPES PENSA
392
PAREVANDER
390
PARQUE NACIONAL
TENORIO
060, 078, 080, 104,
113, 120, 122, 125,
135, 138, 140, 144,
150, 151, 174, 180,
198, 203, 222, 249,
302, 312, 315, 354,
362, 376, 378, 381
VOLCAN
111,
128,
145,
183,
258,
356,
PASPALUM REPENS
079
PASSER DOMESTICUS
008
112,
134,
148,
185,
271,
361,
PEST INSECTS
073
PESTICIDE RESIDUES
116
PESTS OF PLANTS
073, 353
PETASODES
323
PETENIA SPLENDIDA
245
PELECANUS
ERYTHRORHYNCHUS
008
PEZIZALES
108, 359, 360
PELLOBLATTA
323
PEZIZOMYCOTINA
376
PELMATOSILPHA
323
PFD
156, 157
PELTIGERALES
376
PH
294
PEMPTEURYS
390
PHAENOLABRORYCHUS
112
PENTACLETHRA
099, 139, 195, 317
PHAEOPROGNE TAPERA
008
PENTAGONIA
130
PHAKOPSORA
110
PENTATOMIDAE
209
PHALICTHYS AMATES
162
PENTATOMOMORPHA
260
PHALLOGASTER
211
PERCIFORMES
161, 163, 244, 245
PHALLUS
211
PERDITORULUS
179
PHASEOLUS VULGARIS
040, 045, 058, 059, 076, 077,
090, 142, 143, 408, 411
PERICARIDA
151
PARMELIELLA PANNOSA
203
PEST CONTROL
014, 353
PERIDINETELLUS
304
PERIDINETUS
304
PERILISSUS
112
PERIPLANETA
323
PERISPHAERINAE
392
PPERISSODACTYLS
120, 237, 302, 370
PHASIANIDAE
276
PHELLINUS
029
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS
210
PHENOLOGY
184, 297
PHENOTYPES
107
PHEUCTICUS
MELANOCEPHALUS
008
PHIALIDES
114
PHYLLOPORIS
096
PHILANDER
305
PHYLLOSTOMIDAE
120
PHILLIPSIA
359
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
145, 164, 283
PHILOMACHUS PUGNAX
008
PHYLOGENY
093, 114, 138, 147, 151, 182,
188, 202, 240, 296, 301, 320
PHILYDRUS DEBILIS
256
PHOBETES
112
PHOCIBIDION
390
PHORIDAE
298
PHORTIOECA ANDEANA
392
PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS
059
PHOSPHATES
294
PHOSPHOLIPASE A2
210
PHOSPHORIC ROCK
076
PHOSPHORUS
154
PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZERS
154
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
173
PHRAGMIDIUM
108, 110
PHRUDINAE
112
PHRYNIDAE
122, 186
PHRYNOHYAS
006
PHRYNOSORNATIDAE
125
PHRYNUS
122, 186
PHYGOPODA INGAE
273
PHYLLOPHAGA
047, 152
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY
129
PHYSARALES
108
PHYSARUM
108
PHYSEPELLA
110
PHYSICAL CONTROL
073
PHYSICAL FACTORS
371
PHYSIOGRAPHIC CHANGES
069
PHYSIOGRAPHIC FEATURES
313, 336, 347, 349
PHYSISPORIUM
029
PHYSMA PRUINOSUM
203
PHYSOCEPHALA
381
PHYSOCONOPS
381
PHYSONOTA GIGANTEA
135
PHYSONOTINI
135
PHYSOTARSUS
112
PHYTOCERUM
149
PHYTOCHEMISTRY
228
PHYTODIETYS
112
PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC
ANALYSIS
175, 316
PHYTOGEOGRAPHY
053
PHYTONIDES
250
PHYTOTELMATA
377
PIBANGA
199
PIEZASTERIA
390
PIGGERY WASTE
168
PILOCARPACEAE
053, 095, 096
PILOTRICHA
180
PILOTRICHACEAE
180
PILOTRICHUM
180
PIMELODIDAE
129, 299, 367
PIMPLA
060
PIMPLINAE
060
PINACEAE
133, 150
PINAROLOXIAS INORNATA
078
PINEAPPLE
208
PINNASPIS
353
PINOPHYTA
150
PINUS CARIBAEA VAR.
HONDURENSIS
133
PIPER
139, 193,210, 228
PIPERACEAE
139, 210, 228, 234, 304
PISOLITHUS
211
PITHECELLOBIUM
CATENATUM
236
PLACOSTERNUS
390
099,
130,
142,
157,
184,
195,
222,
230,
238,
247,
282,
307,
317,
330,
358,
377,
408,
PLAGIOCEPHALUS
185
PLANKTON
097
PLANT ASSOCIATIONS
234
PLANT BREEDING
109, 155, 224, 400
PLANT COMPOSITION
210
PLANT DENSITY
090
PLANT DISEASES
046, 052, 090, 156, 157, 159
PLANT ECOLOGY
099
PLANT EXTRACTS
210
PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES
137
PLANT HEIGHT
154
PLANT MORPHOLOGY
155, 225
PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI
027, 052, 058, 064, 077, 090,
156, 157, 159
PLANT PATHOGENS
027, 052, 064, 090, 159
PLANT PATHOLOGY
027, 052, 090
PLANT PROSPECTION
228
PLANT RESPONSE
173
PLANT VIRUS VECTOR
215
PLANTATION FORESTERS
133
PLANTATION FORESTRY
192
PLANTHOPPER
215
PLANTS
003, 007,
022, 026,
040, 045,
056, 058,
074, 075,
089, 090,
009,
027,
046,
059,
076,
091,
011,
030,
047,
064,
077,
092,
016,
035,
050,
071,
079,
094,
021,
039,
052,
073,
082,
097,
103,
131,
143,
159,
190,
201,
223,
231,
240,
251,
284,
309,
321,
331,
364,
386,
409,
107,
133,
150,
169,
191,
208,
224,
232,
241,
259,
292,
310,
322,
333,
365,
387,
411
109,
137,
154,
173,
192,
214,
225,
234,
242,
265,
295,
311,
324,
350,
368,
388,
117,
139,
155,
180,
193,
215,
226,
235,
243,
270,
297,
313,
327,
351,
371,
389,
PLATALEA AJAJA
383, 410
127,
141,
156,
183,
194,
217,
228,
236,
246,
275,
304,
314,
329,
356,
373,
400,
PLUVIASILVA
098
PLYNOPS
072
POACEAE
047, 073, 074, 079, 107, 109,
142, 143, 155, 183, 215, 224,
225, 240, 270, 368, 409, 411
PODACANTHOPHORUS
098
PODELEBOEA
140
PODOCARPACEAE
150, 251
PLATALEIDAE
383, 410
PODOCARPUS
GUATEMALENSIS
251
PLATERODINI
355
PODOGASTER
112
PLATEROS
355
POECILIA GILLII
367
PLATYARTHRON
390
POECILIIDAE
018, 252, 367
PLATYCOELIA
145
POECILOMALLUS
390
PLATYCOELIINA
145
POEXILOXESTIA
390
PLATYNOCERA
273
POLITICAL SCIENCE
132
PLATYPLASTINX
205
POLLEN
201
PLATYRHACIDAE
233
POLLINATION
009, 309
PLATYRHACUS BIOLLEYI
233
POLLUTANT
212
PLECTOPTERA
323
POLLUTION
269
PLEIOTROPY
319
POLYBLASTUS
112
PLETHODONTIDAE
125
POLYCHALMA MULTICAVA
135
PLEUROTHALLIS
193
POLYCHROTIDAE
125
PLEUROTHYRIUM
035
POLYCYRTUS
178
PLINTHOCOELIUM
390
POLYDESMIDA
233
PLOCAEDERUS
390
POLYMORPHISM
153
POLYPHAGA
171, 174, 198, 234, 274
POPULATION VARIATION
006
PROCNIAS TRICARUNCULATA
078
POLYPHAGINAE
323
POPULATIONS
215, 229
PROCTOLABINAE
104, 202
POLYPODIACEAE
265
PORINA
070, 095, 096
PROCYON
120
POLYPODIUM
265
POSTHARVEST MANAGEMENT
074
PROCYONIDAE
120
POLYPORACEAE
029, 404
POTAMOGETONACEAE
183
PRODUCTION COST
246
POLYSPHINCTA
060
POTENTIAL HABITAT
237, 370
PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
074
POLYTHRIX
250
POTHOLING
382
PROECHIMYS SEMISPINOSUS
272
POMADASYS CROCRO
299
POTHOMORPHE UMBELLATA
210
PROFUNDULUS
252
PONDS
396
POTOS
120
PROGENY
089, 137, 400
PONERINAE
310
POUROUMA BICOLOR
099
PROGENY TEST
247
PONTEDERIACEAE
183
POUTERIA
099, 236
PROGENY TRIALS
284
PONTHIEVA
193
POVERTY
269
PROKARYOTES
005, 017, 045, 076, 332
POPULAR KNOWLEDGE
116
PRADOMYIA HADROMERA
363
PRONUBA
390
POPULATION
068
PRASMODON
197
PROPERTIES
190
POPULATION CENSUSES
012, 013
PREDATION
068
PROSPODIUM
110
POPULATION DECLINE
101, 102
PRIAPICHTHYS
252
PROTANDRY
309
POPULATION DENSITY
033, 037, 068, 090, 160, 302
PRIMATES
038, 120, 153, 229, 253, 379
PROTEACEAE
321
POPULATION DYNAMICS
206, 231, 371, 394
PRIONINAE
273
PROTECTIVE BEHAVIOUR
004
POPULATION GENETICS
038, 137, 153
PRIONODERA
146, 174
PROTEIN VENOM
393
POPULATION GROWTH
136
PRIORIA COPAIFERA
099
PROTOPTILINAE
285
POPULATION SEX RATIO
371
PRISTOMERUS
113
PROTOZOANS
276, 307
POPULATION SIZE
013
PROCELLARIA PARKINSONI
383
PROVENANCE TRIALS
089, 103
POPULATION STRUCTURE
371
PROCELLARIIDAE
383
PRUNUS
193
POPULATION STUDIES
185
PROCESTUS
140
PSAPHAROCHRUS
199
PSEUDAETHOMERUS
199
PSEUDEMYS SCRIPTA
051
PSEUDESTOLOIDES
199
PSEUDEURINA
357
PSEUDISPA
141
PSEUDOLECHRIOPS
324
PSEUDOMOPINAE
323, 392
PSEUDOMOPS
323
PSEUDOMOPS PRAECLARA
392
PSEUDOMOPS ZONATA
392
PSEUDOPHYLLODROMIA
323
PSEUDOSAGEDIA
095
PSITTACANTHUS
193
PSITTACIDAE
078, 101, 102, 206, 261, 266,
327
PSITTACIFORMES
206, 261
PSOROPHORA CINGULATA
366
PSYCHODIDAE
205
PSYCHODINAE
205
PSYCHOTRIA IPECACUANHA
386
PSYRASSA
277, 390
PSYRASSAFORMA
390
252
167, 176
PTEROCARPUS OFFICINALIS
099
PYRRHOPYGINAE
250
PTERODROMA
383
QUADRIOPS
256
PTILOBAPTUS
113
QUADRIOPS RETICULATUS
256
PTYCHOPSIS
140
QUALITY CONTROL
092, 259
PUBLIC HEALTH
177
QUARANTINE
353
PUCCINIA
108, 110
QUARANTINE PESTS
353
PUCCINIOSIRA
110
QUILLONOTA
140
PUFFINUS
008, 383
RACIAL ADMIXTURE
038
PUJOLIA
273
RACIBORSKIELLA
095
PULMONATA
024
RAIN
407
PULVINI
240
RAINFALL INTERCEPTION
414
PUMA
120
RAMSAR CONVENTION ON
WETLANDS
126, 136
PUNCTAPINELLA
147
PUPAE
236
PURGLEPTES
199
PYCNOSCELLUS
323
PYCREUS
364
PYGMODEON
390
PYRALIDAE
089, 219, 284
PYRENOMYCETES
187, 188
PYRENULALES
362
PTERIDOPHYTA
050, 117, 139, 193, 242, 265,
311
PYRGINAE
250
PTERIS
139
PYRGOCORYPHA
098
PTEROBRYCON
PYRGODOMUS MICRODINUS
RAMSAR SITES
126, 136, 257
RANDOM AMPLIFIED
POLYMORPHIC DNA
137
RANGE EXTENSION
008, 274
RANIDAE
125
RANUNCULACEAE
238, 307
RAPD MARKERS
215
RAUVOLFIOIDEAE
226
RAVENELIA
110
REARING METHODS
030, 039, 377
RECOMBINANT
BIOCATALYSIS CO.
AGREEMENT
269
RECOMMENDATIONS
161
RECREATION
126
RHODOCYBE
100
314
REPRODUCTIVE SEASON
044
RHOPALIELLA
273
REDESCRIPTIONS
271
REPTILES
004, 012, 013,
034, 036, 037,
065, 068, 069,
160, 170, 177,
342, 344, 371,
REDUVIIDAE
255
RESEARCH CENTERS
348
RHORUS
112
REFLECTIVE COLOURS
377
RESISTANCE TO CHEMICAL
PRODUCTS
064
RHYNCHOPHORINAE
291, 388, 389
RED RICE
225
REFORESTATION
084, 103, 169, 212
REFUGIO NACIONAL DE VIDA
SILVESTRE CAÑO NEGRO
004, 007, 008, 009, 012, 013,
015, 018, 023, 025, 028, 029,
031, 032, 033, 034, 035, 036,
037, 041, 042, 043, 044, 049,
050, 053, 054, 055, 057, 062,
065, 066, 067, 068, 069, 070,
081, 085, 087, 093, 095, 097,
098, 100, 105, 106, 108, 109,
110, 114, 121, 123, 125, 126,
133, 135, 136, 137, 149, 154,
155, 158, 160, 165, 167, 170,
171, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181,
182, 191, 204, 223, 225, 229,
239, 256, 257, 300, 319, 334,
335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340,
341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346,
347, 348, 349, 367, 368, 371,
374, 381, 383, 394, 395, 396,
397, 399, 402, 403, 404, 405,
406, 407, 410
REGIONAL PROCESSES
218, 254
REITHRODONTOMYS
272, 287
RELIGION
253
RELIGIOUS ASPECTS
340
RELOCATED EGGS
043
REMOTE SENSING
293
REPRODUCTION
012, 013, 036, 120, 206, 371
REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR
036, 244
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
238, 240, 297, 307, 342
REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION
015,
043,
123,
210,
393,
018,
051,
124,
280,
394
033,
055,
125,
300,
RESOURCE CONSERVATION
025, 028, 049, 066, 089, 109,
155, 224, 327, 334, 337, 398,
400
RHOPALINA
273
RHOPALOPHORA
390
RHYNCHOPHORINI
389
RHYNCHOSPORA
003
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
025, 028, 126, 136, 239
RHYSSINAE
112
RESTORATION
349
RICE
074, 107, 109, 143, 155, 215
RHAMDIA
129, 299, 367
RICE HOJA BLANCA
TENUIVIRUS
215
RHATHYMINI
165
RHATHYMODES
165
RHINOCLEMMYS FUNEREA
123, 170
RHINOPHRYNIDAE
125
RHINOSTOMINI
182
RICE STUBBLE
143
RICHARDIA SCABRA
142
RIGIDOPORUS
029
RIO CAÑO NEGRO
184, 295, 414
RHINOSTOMUS
182
RIO FRIO
019, 024, 046, 079, 083, 086,
116, 123, 129, 130, 161, 162,
170, 367, 368
RHINOTRAGUS
390
RIO FRIO WATERSHED
356
RHIPIDOPTERS
193
RIO MEDIO QUESO
109, 155, 224, 409
RHIZOBIACEAE
005, 017, 045
RIO TENORIO
080, 162
RHIZOBIUM
005, 017,040, 045, 076
RISK FACTORS
153
RHIZOCTONIA
090
RISKS
126
RIVERINE VEGETATION
042
RHODNIUS
255
RHODOBAENUS
291
ROADS
216
RODENTS
120, 210, 272, 286, 287, 288,
289
ROLE OF WOMEN
334
ROOTS
201
ROSALBA
199
ROTATIONAL CROPPING
143
ROTATIONAL SYSTEMS
143
RUTELINAE
145
SCAMBUS
060
RYNCHOSPORA CLARKEI
364
SCANNING ELECTRON
MICROGRAPHS
109, 224, 238
SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM
047
SCAPHIDIUM
249
SAIMIRI
229, 379
SCARABAEIDAE
009, 047, 145, 148, 152, 164,
181, 278
SALAMA
379
SALT MARSH
088, 126, 136, 239
SCARCE SPECIES
251
SCATIMUS
164
ROTTBOELLIA
COCHINCHINENSIS
142
SALTWATER BARRIERS
126
ROUPALA
321
SALVIA
193
RUBBER
118, 119
SAMPLING
353
RUBIACEAE
022, 130, 139, 142, 284, 386
SAN JERONIMO DE LOS
CHILES
027
SCHISTOCARPHA
139
SAN RAFAEL DE GUATUSO
201, 309
SCHISTOPELTIS LIZERI
392
SANGARIS
199
SCHIZOMIDA
186
RUMINANTS
268, 325
SANTA CECILIA DE LOS
CHILES
142, 255
SCHIZOPHORA
283, 320
RURAL AREAS
391
SAPINDALES
052, 064
RURAL COMMUNITIES
063
SAPOTACEAE
236
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
023, 063, 115, 391, 399
SAPWOOD
190
RURAL TOURISM
391
SARCOCYSTIDAE
276
RURAL WATERSHEDS
048
SARCOSCYPHACEAE
359
RURAL WOMEN
115
SAURIA
125
RUSSULACEAE
372
SAVEGRE
329
RUSSULALES
372
SAW LUMBER YIELDS
333
RUST FUNGI
110
SAWMILLING
169, 333
RUTACEAE
052, 064, 092, 156, 157, 159,
270
SCALES
353
RUMEN DEGRADABLE
PROTEIN
214
RUMEN UNDEGRADABLE
PROTEIN
214
SCATRICHUS
164
SCELOENOPLA
141
SCHACHTICHRASPEDON
112
SCHIZOPORA
029
SCIAPODINAE
354
SCINCIDAE
125
SCIONE AURULANS
384
SCIRPUS
364
SCIURIDAE
120, 289
SCIURUS POASENSIS
289
SCLERIA
027, 364
SCLERODERMA
211
SCLEROLOBIUM
COSTARRICENCE
251
SCOTINOMYS
286
SCUTELLINIA
360
SEASONAL VARIATION
407
SEASONALITY
036, 037
SECONDARY FORESTS
084, 192, 231
SECONDARY METABOLITES
386
SEDIMENT
048, 049
SEDIMENTATION
126, 336, 347, 349
SEED DISPERSAL
009, 137, 302
SEED MORPHOLOGY
022
SELAGINELLA OSAENSIS
117
SELAGINELLACEAE
117
SELECTIVE FELLING
400
SELENASPIDUS
353
SELF-IDENTIFICATION
253
SENSE ORGANS
366
SENSORS
293
SEQUESTRATION
192
SERPENTES
125, 177, 210, 231, 232, 280,
393
SERUM PROTEIN
038
SETICORNUTA
140
SETICOSTA
147
SETTLEMENT
115
SEWAGE TREATMENT
168
SEX DETERMINATION
371
SEX RATIO
124, 300, 371
SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
268
SEXUAL DIMORPHISM
234, 388
SHADE
173
SHADE PLANTS
232
SHADING
083
SHARED WATERSHEDS
257
SI-A-PAZ
257
SIEVING
073
SIGHT RECORDS
102, 206
SIGMODON
120, 272
SILAGE
387
SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS
083, 232
SIMULATION
251, 325, 408
SIMULATION MODELS
251
SIQUIRRES (CANTON)
016, 030, 039, 063, 070, 180,
194, 199, 203, 220, 374, 375,
377, 388, 389, 393
SIRENIANS
116
SIRPHIDAE
377
SITE FACTORS
063, 075, 082, 131, 337
SITE INDEX
082, 131
SKELETOCUTIS
029
SKIERKA
110
SKIN TEXTURE VARIATION
006
SLAVERY
118, 119
SLOANEA
099
SLOPING LAND
076
SLUGS
014
SMALL DIAMETERS
333
SMALL DIMENSION TIMBER
282
SMALL FARMS
074, 091, 133
SMILACACEAE
183
SNAILS
353
SNAKE VENOM
177, 210, 393
SNAKEBITES
177
SOBAROCEPHALA
378
SOCIAL ASPECTS
340, 345
SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS
334
SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND
DEVELOPMENT
132
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS
318
SOCIO-ECONOMIC WELLBEING
196, 318
SOCIOECONOMIC ASPECTS
074, 237, 370
SITE QUALITY
075, 082, 131
SOCIOECONOMIC
ENVIRONMENT
196, 318
SIZE VARIATION
006
SOCIOLOGY
132
SOLANDRA
193
092,
117,
139,
155,
183,
194,
217,
228,
236,
247,
284,
309,
322,
333,
365,
387,
411
SOLANUM
193
SPHAENOTHECUS
390
SOLENOPSIS MOLESTA
051
SPHAERIDIINAE
290
SOPHOREAE
322
SPHAEROBOLUS
211
SORDARIALES
187
SPHAEROPHORACEAE
203
SORI
056
SPHAEROPHORUS
MELANOCARPUS
203
STARGRASS
270
SPHALLOTRICHUS
390
STATUS
008, 068, 229, 314, 410
SPHELODON
140
STEIRASTOMA
199
SPHENOSPORA
110
STEM FORM
190
SPHINCTUS
112
STEM TAPER
190
SPHYROMETOPA
098
STEMMADENIA
226
SPIKELET
240
STEMS
201
SPIKES
228
STENOCHARIERGUS
390
SPILOMELINAE
197
STENOLAMPRA
174
SPILOPHORINI
135
STENOLIS
199
SPINY POCKET MICE
288
STENORHOPALUS
273
SPIRAXIDAE
024
STENOSPHENUS
390
SPIZELLA PASSERINA
008
STENUS
001
SPONDYLIDINAE
273
STENYGRA HISTRIO
390
SOFTWOODS
029
SOIL FERTILITY
076
SOIL INOCULATION
040, 045, 076
SOIL TYPES
154
SOILS
154
SOUNDS
098
SOYBEAN FORAGE
246
SPATHIPHYLLUM
016
SPATIAL MODELING
251
SPECIES
056, 125, 150, 183, 396
SPECIES ACCOUNTS
002
SPECIES RICHNESS
218, 249, 324
SPELEOLOGY
382
SPELUNKING
382
SPERMATOPHORE
139
SPERMATOPHYES
027
SPERMATOPHYTES
003, 007, 009, 011,
022, 026, 027, 035,
045, 046, 047, 050,
059, 064, 071, 073,
076, 077, 079, 082,
016,
039,
052,
074,
090,
021,
040,
058,
075,
091,
094,
127,
141,
156,
184,
195,
222,
230,
238,
251,
292,
310,
324,
350,
368,
388,
099,
130,
142,
157,
190,
201,
223,
231,
240,
259,
295,
313,
327,
351,
371,
389,
103,
131,
143,
159,
191,
208,
224,
232,
241,
270,
297,
314,
329,
356,
373,
400,
107,
133,
150,
169,
192,
214,
225,
234,
243,
275,
304,
317,
330,
358,
377,
408,
109,
137,
154,
173,
193,
215,
226,
235,
246,
282,
307,
321,
331,
364,
386,
409,
SPONGIPELLIS
029
SPORE GERMINATION
056
SPOROPODIUM
095
SQUAMATA
125, 280
STAHELIOMYCES
211
STAKEHOLDERS
133
STAND CHARACTERISTICS
190
STAND DENSITY
190
STAPHYLINIDAE
001, 249, 369
STAPHYLUS CARTAGOA
250
STERCULIA RECORDIANA
PAPYRACEA
141
STERCULIACEAE
141
STERNOCHEIRUS LUGUBRIS
121
STETHONCUS
140
STIRTONIA
095
STOLAINI
135
STOLAS PUNICEA
135
STORAGE
192
STORED PRODUCTS
073
STRAINS
040, 045
STRATEGY
013
STREPTOCHAETA
240
SUBRIA
098
SUCCESSION STUDIES
061
SUCCESSIONAL STAGE
158
SUCCINEIDAE
353
SUIDAE
168
SUIFORMES
168
SULA SULA
008
SUNDARION
191
SURVEYS
013, 074, 081, 108
SUS SCROFA
168
SUSSABA
112
SUSTAINABILITY
065, 066, 196, 212, 318, 337,
399, 400
127
SYMPLOCOS
127
SYNBRANCHIDAE
367
SYNECOLOGY
099
SYNONYMS
053, 114, 121
SYNOSIS
140
SYRPHIDAE
204
SYRPHIDEPULO
112
SYRPHOCTONUS
112
SYZEUCTUS
140
TABANIDAE
384, 385
TABANUS
385
TABEBUIA ROSEA
099
STRIATOSPHAERIA
187
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
111, 168, 269, 315, 338, 348,
395, 402
TABERNAEMONTANEAE
226
STRIGULA
096
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT
216
TABLILLAS DE LOS CHILES
255
STRIGULACEAE
095, 096
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
391
TADPOLES
020, 125
STROPHOTINA
147
SUSUANYCHA SUSUA
267
TAGOSODES
215
STRYPHNODENDRON
EXCELSUM
092
SWAMPS
068, 126, 136, 239
TAMANDUA
120
SWARTZIA MAQUENQUEANA
330
TANATHEPHORUS
CUCUMERIS
142
STUMPS
216
STYLICEPS
390
STYLOMMATOPHORA
353
STYRACACEAE
147
STYRAX
147
SUBFAMILIES
112, 113
SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA
089, 103, 137, 247, 400
SWINE
168
SYBAGUASU CORNUTUM
267
SYBAGUASU CUPREUM
198
SYLVILAGUS
120
SYMPLOCACEAE
TANYCHELA
113
TANYOCHRAETHES
390
TAPIRIDAE
120, 237, 302, 370
TAPIRUS
120
TAPIRUS BAIRDII
237, 302, 370
192, 271, 282, 297
TARDIGRADA
308
TERMITE NESTS
148
TAXONOMIC STATUS
224
TAXONOMY
001, 003, 006,
020, 026, 027,
050, 053, 056,
072, 079, 080,
095, 096, 098,
108, 109, 110,
117, 121, 122,
138, 139, 140,
147, 148, 149,
164, 165, 167,
178, 179, 180,
184, 185, 187,
193, 194, 197,
201, 203, 204,
213, 217, 219,
223, 224, 226,
235, 236, 240,
248, 249, 250,
262, 263, 264,
272, 273, 274,
281, 283, 285,
289, 291, 295,
304, 305, 306,
311, 312, 320,
324, 326, 328,
351, 354, 355,
359, 360, 361,
365, 369, 372,
377, 378, 380,
388, 389, 390,
TERPNISSA
390
009,
029,
057,
087,
100,
112,
125,
141,
150,
171,
181,
188,
198,
205,
220,
227,
241,
256,
265,
275,
286,
296,
308,
321,
329,
356,
362,
374,
381,
392,
010,
035,
060,
093,
104,
113,
127,
145,
151,
174,
182,
189,
199,
209,
221,
233,
242,
258,
267,
277,
287,
298,
309,
322,
330,
357,
363,
375,
384,
412,
TAYASSUIDAE
120
TECTONA GRANDIS
169, 190, 259, 313
TELEOSTEI
129, 367
TELIOSPORES
056
TEMELUCHA
113
TEMPERATURE
294
TEMPORAL VARIATION
097, 407
TEMPORAL WATER BODY
367
TENUIVIRUS GROUP
215
TENURE
101, 399
TEREBRANTIA
072, 106
TERMINALIA
016,
041,
070,
094,
106,
114,
130,
146,
152,
176,
183,
191,
200,
211,
222,
234,
243,
260,
271,
278,
288,
301,
310,
323,
331,
358,
364,
376,
385,
413
TERPSICHORE ESQUIVELIANA
117
TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSCS
014
TERRESTRIAL SNAILS
014
TESTUDINATA
015, 043, 051, 055, 068, 069,
123, 125, 170
TETHLIMMENA
390
TETRAGASTRIS PANAMENSIS
099
TETRAGONISCA ANGUSTULA
175, 316
TETRANODUS
390
THRYALLIS
199
THYMARIS
112
THYSANOMEROS
146
TICAPIMPLA
060
TICARI
173
TICOLICHEN PROJECT
362, 376
TILIACEAE
295, 389
TILLANDSIA
193, 388
TILLANDSIA
358
TILLANDSIOIDEAE
358
TETRAOPES
199
TIMBER
011, 133, 333
TINCTOPORELLUS
029
TETRASARUS
199
TINGIDAE
030
TETTIGONIIDAE
098, 353
TIPPMANNIA
273
THANATEPHORUS
CUCUMERIS
046, 058, 077
TIRODESMUS FIMBRIATUS
233
THAUMASUS
390
THECOPHYLLUM
193
THELENELLA TERRICOLA
362
THELOTREMATACEAE
093
THELYPHONIDA
186
THELYPHONIDAE
186
THERAPS
162
THERMUTIS VELUTINA
203
THREATENED SPECIES
078, 410
TITHONUS
199
TOMOCICHLA TUBA
163
TOMOPTERUS
390
TONJIBE DE GUATUSO
153
TONNOIRA FUSIFORMIS
205
TORTRICIDAE
147, 264
TOTAL PERIMETER
033
TOTAL SOLIDS
294
TOURISM
116, 126, 341, 391
TOXINS REMOVAL
126
TRICHARIA
095
TOXOPLASMA GONDII
276
TRICHECHIDAE
116
TRACHELIUM
328
TRICHECHUS MANATUS
116
TRACHEMYS SCRIPTA
043, 051, 055, 068, 069
TRICHIALES
108
TRACHOPS
120
TRICHOCINTRACTIA
UTRICULICOLA
056
TRACHYDERES
390
TRACHYDERINA
273
TRACHYS CYANIPENNIS
312
TRADITIONAL MEDICINES
210
TRAGINOPINAE
363
TRAMETES
029
TRANSPORT
091
TRANSPORTATION
126
TRANZSCHELIA
110
TRAPPING
015
TRATHALA
113
TRECHISPORA
029
TREE BREEDING
133
TREE FERNS
242
TREE IMPROVEMENT
247
TREE PLANTATIONS
061
TREES
061
TRIATOMINES
255
TRICHAPTUM
029
TRICHOCOMA PARADOXA
360
TRICHOMANES MICAYENSE
117
TRICHOMATACEAE
360
TRICHOMMA
112
TRICHOPHOROIDES
390
TRICHOPLON
273
TRICHOPTERA
285
TRICHOSPHAERIACEAE
187
TRICHOTHELIACEAE
070, 095, 096
TRICHOTHELIUM
095
TRICLISTUS
140
TRICORYTHODES SORDIDUS
263
TRIECES
140
TRIMERESURUS SCHLEGELII
280
TRIURIDACEAE
183
TROCHILIDAE
262
TROMATOBIA
060
TROPICAL ARCHITECTURE
348
TROPICAL CLOUD FORESTS
172
TROPICAL DEFORESTATION
128
TROPICAL DRY FORESTS
352
TROPICAL FORESTS
103, 128, 212
TROPICAL RAIN FORESTS
009, 061, 099, 103, 136, 154,
169, 192, 237, 269, 324, 370,
400, 401
TROPICAL SECONDARY
FORESTS
061
TROPICAL SOILS
RESTORATION
061
TROPICHARIS
179
TROPIDOMYIA BIMACULATA
381
TROPIDOMYIINI
381
TROPIMERUS
390
TRYPANOSOMATIDAE
307
TRYPETHELIACEAE
362
TULOSTOMA
211
TURDIDAE
258
TURDUS ASSIMILIS
258
TURTLE REPRODUCTION
055, 069
TURTLES
043, 123, 170
TYLOMYS
120, 272
TYPHACEAE
183
TYPHLOPIDAE
125
TYRANNIDAE
008, 009
TYRANNULUS
008
TYROMYCES
029
090
332
ULIDIIDAE
185
VARIETIES
058, 076, 077
VIPERIDAE
125, 177, 210, 280, 393
ULTRASTRUCTURE
056, 224, 368
VASCELLUM
211
VIRAL DISEASES
279
UMANELLA
060
VECTORS
379
VIREO
008
UNCINIA
364
VEGETATION
042, 099, 144, 232
VIRGIN FORESTS
237, 317, 370
UNDERGROWTH
386
VELVET ANTS
380
VIROLA
092, 099, 192
UNGULATES
168, 237, 302, 370
VENADO DE GUATUSO
280
VIRUSES
215, 379
URAECIUM
110
VENOM PROTEINS
393
VISACEAE
141
URAGUS
273
VENOUS THROMBOSIS
153
VISITATION
255
UREDINALES
108, 110
VERBENACEAE
169, 190, 259, 282, 292, 313,
333, 350
VITEX COOPERI
099
UREDINIOMYCETES
027
UREDINOPSIS
110
URGLEPTES
199
UROCYON
120
VOCHYSIA
092, 099, 192, 195, 317
VERNONIA
147
VOLCAN ARENAL
147
USTILAGO SUBNITENS
027
USTILENTYLOMATACEAE
027
VESTRIA
098
USUFRUCT
399
VIANAURAGUS
273
VALUATION
192
VICARIANCE
252
VAMPYRUM
120
VIGNA ANGULARIS
046
VANELLUS CHILENSIS
207
VILLALA
227
VARIETAL REACTIONS
VIP GENES
UROMYCES
108
URORCITES
273
USTILAGINALES
027, 056
VOCHYSIACEAE
092, 099, 192, 195, 317
VERONICELLIDAE
014
VERTEBRATES
002, 004, 006,
013, 018, 019,
036, 037, 038,
054, 055, 065,
071, 078, 081,
116, 120, 123,
153, 158, 160,
168, 170, 177,
229, 231, 232,
252, 253, 254,
266, 268, 270,
280, 286, 287,
300, 302, 303,
327, 342, 344,
379, 383, 393,
UROGRAPHIS
199
VOCALIZATION
013
VERMIVORA CELATA
008
008,
020,
043,
067,
086,
124,
161,
206,
237,
258,
272,
288,
305,
367,
394,
009,
033,
044,
068,
101,
125,
162,
207,
244,
261,
276,
289,
319,
370,
395,
012,
034,
051,
069,
102,
129,
163,
218,
245,
262,
279,
299,
325,
371,
396
VOLCAN TENORIO
181, 262
VOLUME DETERMINATION
169
VOLUNTARY FOREST
CERTIFICATION
196, 318
VOLUNTEER PLANTS
143
VOLVARIELLA
108
VRIESIA
358
WAHLAMIA
140
WATER
396, 402
WATERFOWL
410
WATER LEVEL VARIATION
396
023, 036, 049, 051, 069
113
WINDBREAKS
232
XORIDES
112
WATER QUALITY
136, 294
WIRELESS TRANSMISSION
SYSTEMS
293
XORIDINAE
112
WATER QUANTITY
293
WODDLANDS
401
WATER RESOURCES
405
WOLBACHIA PIPIENTIS
215
WATER STORAGE CAPACITY
414
WOLDSTEDTIUS
112
WATER SUPPLY
126
WOMEN
115
WATERBIRDS
018, 343, 383, 410
WOOD
011, 190
WATERSHEDS
048, 049, 144, 294, 405
WOOD DENSITY
190
WEATHER INFORMATION
407
WOOD USES
333
WEED CONTROL
142
WOOD UTILIZATION
333
WEEDS
142, 143
WOODY PLANTS
333
WEEDY RICE
225
WORKING PLANS
065, 066
WEIGHT GAIN
268, 325
WORLD WILDLIFE FUNDCANADA
269
WATER MOVEMENTS
033
WATER POLLUTION
294
WETLANDS
004, 008, 012,
028, 029, 031,
035, 036, 037,
044, 048, 049,
055, 057, 062,
069, 070, 078,
087, 088, 093,
126, 128, 136,
334, 335, 336,
340, 341, 342,
346, 347, 349,
402, 404, 406,
013,
032,
041,
050,
065,
081,
095,
144,
337,
343,
396,
407
018,
033,
042,
053,
066,
085,
097,
239,
338,
344,
397,
025,
034,
043,
054,
067,
086,
098,
257,
339,
345,
398,
XALITLA
390
XYLARIALES
361
XYRIDACEAE
183
XYSTOCHROMA
390
YELLOW FEVER
379
YIELD COMPONENTS
154
YIELD LOSSES
090
YIELDS
046, 083, 214, 230, 408, 411
YUCCABORUS
182
ZAGLYPTOMORPHA
140
ZAGLYPTUS
060
ZAGRYPHUS
112
ZAMIACEAE
150
ZANTHOXYLUM MAYANUM
092
XANTHOCEPHALUS
XANTHOCEPHALUS
008
ZATYPOTA
060
XANTHOPIMPLA
060
ZEA MAYS
073, 074
XANTUSIIDAE
125
ZETOBORA
323
WETLANDS ECOLOGY
018, 049
XENARTHRANS
120
ZIGNOËLLA
187
WILD LIFE AS FOOD
068
XENOCHROMA
390
ZINGIBERACEAE
139, 183, 230
WILD RICE
109, 155, 224, 225, 368
XENOCONA
199
WILDLIFE CONSERVATION
042, 049, 338, 397
XENOSTILUS
199
ZONA PROTECTORA TENORIO
094, 117, 120, 121, 125, 135,
139, 141, 146, 147, 152, 164,
166, 184, 209, 248, 283, 290,
306, 355, 412, 413
WILDLIFE HABITATS
018
XIOMARA
112
ZONOPIMPLA
060
WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
XIPHOSOMELLA
ZOOGEOGRAPHY
051, 135, 151, 301, 303
ZOSPERAMERUS
202
ZURQUILLA HANSONI
112
ZYGOPSELLA
213
ZYGOPTERA
010
INDICE DE AUTORES
Acuña, A
407
Acuña-Navarro, O
005, 017, 040, 076
Adamski, D
147
Allsteadt, J
004, 012, 013, 033, 034, 036,
037
Almeda, F., Jr
127
Alvarado-Quesada, G.M
086, 383, 410
Ampie, C.L
051, 054
Angert, E.R
175, 316
Aptroot, A
041, 306, 376
201
154
Atwood, J.T
026
Borge-Carvajal, C
346
Austin, G.T
250
Borgmeier, T
375
Avila-Araya, S
263
Boza, S
366
Ayales-Cruz, I
397
Bradshaw, K
112
Baixeras, J
264
Brailovsky, H
057, 328
Bandala, V.M
372
Bravo-Chacón, J
042
088
Barboza, C
155
Barcellos, A
209
Baroni, T.J
100
Arauz-Cavallini, L.F
052
064
Barrance, A.J
133
Araya-Rodríguez, F
293, 294
Barrantes-Mesén, R
038
Araya-Villalobos, R
046, 058, 059, 077
Barrera, E
057
Arce-Corrales, G
168
Barrie, F.R
184
Arce-Coto, E
156, 157
Baules-Aguilar, A
401
Arce-Pérez, R
278
Baumgardner, D.E
263, 326
Ares, A
154
Bentos-Pereira, A
139
Arguedas-Gamboa, M
039
Bermingham, E
129, 218
Arnáez-Serrano, E
238, 297, 307
Bickel, D.J
354
Arnoud-Frumau, K.F
414
Blahnik, R.J
285
Arrieta-Espinoza, G
225, 332, 409
Blatch, S.A
204
Artavia-Zamora, G
144
Bolaños, R.V
276
Asmussen, C.B
Boniche, J
Brenes-Ingianna, L.E
159
Brenes-Quesada, L.G
336, 347
Breyne, P
137
Briceño-Lobo, R.D
039
Brower, A.V.Z
351
Brown, B.V
205, 298
Brown, J.W
147, 264
Bruijnzeel, L.A
414
Buck, M
283, 320
Buitrago, F
124
Bunting, G.S
016
Burt-Utley, K
331
Busch, C.B
128, 134
Bussing-Burhaus, W.A
252, 303
Cabrera-Peña, J
043, 044, 051, 054, 160, 367
Calonge, F.D
211, 359, 360
Chacón-Gamboa, I.A
007
Creão-Duarte, A.J
191
Chassot, O
101, 102, 206, 237, 261, 370
Croat, T.B
194
Chavarría-Campos, G
107
Crosby, M.R
180
Chavarría-Espinoza, M.I
075, 082, 131
Crow, G.E
150
Chaves-Campos
294
Cruz-Barrientos, J.C
397
Chaves-Campos, A
293
Cubero-Murillo, R
160
Chaves-Chaves, J.L
306, 362, 376
Cuevas, P.I
182
Chaves-Jiménez, A
293
Daily, G.C
128
Chávez, G
142
Davis, D.R
236
Chávez, M
153
de Armas, L.F
122, 186
Chemsak, J.A
220, 221
de Souza, O.E
191
Chinchilla-Mora, O
282
Delgado-Rodríguez, L.D
099
Carnevali Fernández-Concha,
G
026
Cicció-Alberti, J.F
228
DeMera, J.H
175, 316
Carranza-Velázquez, J
029, 211
Clarke, C.B
364
Denslow, J.S
173
Carrillo-Jiménez, E
120
Cochran, R.C
214, 270
DeWalt, S.J
173
Carvalho, C.J.B. de
271
Colpaert, N
137
Doadrio, I
129
Castillo-Vásquez, R
049, 253, 346
Cook, J
200
Dodge, C.W
203
Castillo-Vásquez, R, (cons.)
337
Cordero, P
338
Dubey, J.P
276
Castro-Araya, V.H
210
Córdoba-Muñoz, R
126, 338
Dwyer, J.D
022
Caterino, M.S
138
Cortés, G
315
Edelman, M
118, 119
Cavers, S
137
Costa, C
149
Edmiston, J.F
301
Cervantes-Peredo, L
260
Couri, M.S
271
Elizondo-Solís, J.M
047
Chaboo, C.S
135
Cover, P
230
Ellison, A.M
136
Chacón, S
361
Cox, F
154
Elton, N.W
379
Calvo, N
255
Calvo-Alvarado, J.C
048
Calvo-Vargas, M
015
Camacho-Buberth, G
208
Cambra-Torok, R.A
166
Campos-Arce, J.J
317
Campos-González, L.M
063
Campos-Montero, J.A
018
Campos-Solano, Y
340
Carbonell-Torres, F
302
Carmichael, A
310
350
058, 077
Gaimari, S.D
363
González-Trejos, G
292
Galeano, G
043, 044, 051, 054
González-Zúñiga, J
302
Galileo, M.H.M
198, 248, 267
Goodwin, G.G
286, 287, 288, 289
Galina-Hidalgo, C.S
268, 325
Gormley, L.H.L
350
Espinoza-Esquivel, A.M
155, 215, 224, 225, 332, 368,
409
Galindo-Badilla, J.R
268, 325
Gottschling, M
223
Estrada, A
232
Gallo, M
099
Grant, J.S
150
Estrada-Konig, S
268, 325
Garay-Rodríguez, M.E
196, 318
Grayum, M.H
150
Eya, B.K
220, 221
García de León, F.J
319
Grayum, M.H. (ed.)
150, 183
Faden, R.B
150
García-Espinoza, J.D
405
Grazia, J
209
Fallas-Araya, E.M
030, 039
García-León, V.E
073, 074
Grimm, R
153
Fedlmeier, C
061, 084
Garrison, R.W
010
Griscom, L
258
Fernández, F.A
187, 188
Gauld, I.D
060, 112, 113, 140
Guevara-Sequeira, J
339
Fernández, S
090
Génier, F
164
Guidetti, R
308
Ferraro, L.I
114
Gill, B.D
148
Halling, R.E
100
Fierros-López, H.E
249
Godoy-Cabrera, C
140
Hammel, B.E
150
Fikácek, M
290
Goemans, G
227
Hammel, B.E. (ed.)
150, 183
Finegan, B
099
Goicoechea, C
382
Hamrick, J.L
173
Flook, P.K
202
Goldblatt, P
150
Hancock, E.G
377
Flores, G
090
Gómez, M
282
Hanson-Snortum, P
060, 112
Flowers, R.W
146, 174
Gómez, X
153
Hansson, C
179
Fogden, M.P.L, (phot.)
125
Gómez-Durán, G
168
Harvey, C.A
232
Fogden, P, (phot.)
125
Gómez-Laurito, J
003, 150, 243
Hayden, M.V
022
Fuller, M.C
352
González-Ball, R
110
Henderson, A
201
Furley, P
González-Mora, W
Henríquez-Henríquez, C
Endress, P.K
201
Engel, M.S
165
Ennals, A
399
Escobedo-Galván, A.H
300, 371
059
Hensold, N
150
Heraty, J.M
310
Hernández, G
284
Hernández-Alfaro, M
215
Hernández-Martínez, M
089, 103, 400
Hernández-Paniagua, H
046
Hernández-Sánchez, L.G
216, 247
Herrera-Mora, C. (ed.)
150, 183
Herrera-Murillo, F
143
Herrmann, F.H
153
Hespenheide, H.A
213, 312, 324
Janzen, D.H
197, 241
Jiménez, C
279
Jiménez, R
111
Jiménez, V
237, 370
Jiménez-Arce, G
153
Jiménez-Hernández, A
257
Jiménez-Pérez, I
116
Jiménez-Porras, J.M
393
Jiménez-Ruiz, B
158
Jourde, B
137
Judd, D.D
351
Judziewicz, E.J
240
Hidalgo-Alvarez, H
052
064
Junier-Wade, E.F
394
Hidalgo-Calderón, C.C
081
Kaczmarek, L
308
Hine, J.S
384, 385
Kameneva, E.P
185
Holzenthal, R.W
285
Kanninen, M
190
Hovore, F
412, 413
Kazantsev, S.V
355
Howden, H.F
148
Kelly, L.M
127
Huhndorf, S.M
187, 188
Kennedy, H
150
Hulsey, C.D
319
414
Hurtado de Mendoza, L
335
Kohlmann, B
164, 181
Ide, S
149
Kress, W.J
150
Irmler, U
369
Kriebel-Haehner, R
222, 275, 309
Isla, A
269
Kwok, O.C.H
276
Köhler, L
Lachaud, J.P
310
Lahmann-Zeledón, E.J
126, 406
Lapierre, L.M
324
Laurito-Mora, C.A
272
Lauvie, A
391
Lawrence, J.F
149
Lawton, R.O
172
Leathers, J.W
351
Leech, D.J
132
Leibel, W.S
161
Leistikow, A
151
León, J.R
020
León-Marenco, E
005, 017
Lew, D
305
Lezama-Ulate, H.J
047
Lobo-Segura, J.A
155, 225
Locatelli, B
318
Loiselle, P.V
244, 245
Lomonte-Vigliotti, B
210
Long, A.J
078
Longino, J.T
374
Lonsdale, O
296, 378
López-Pizarro, E
023
Louman, B
317, 318
021
154
May, R.H
207
Molina-Sánchez, R
268, 325
Lücking, R
041, 053, 062, 070, 087, 093,
114, 306, 362, 376
McCafferty, W.P
080, 326
Monge-Arias, G
101, 206, 237, 261, 370
Lücking, R. (ed.)
095, 096
McCaffrey, D
011
Monné, M.A
199, 273, 390
Lugo, E
255
McCarthy-Ramírez, R.G
025, 028
Monroe, E
219
Lugo-Ortiz, C.R
080
McDiarmid, R.W
006
Montagnini, F
284
Lumbsch, H.T
362
Meerow, A.W
150
Montero-Mata, M
313
Maas, P.J.M
150
Mélanie, C
391
Montilla, A
129
Maas-van de Kamer, H
150
Mena-Araya, Y
144
Montoya, L
372
Madrigal-Castro, E
339
Méndez-Esquivel, C
395
Mora-Benavides, J.M
068, 123, 170, 177
Madrigal-Cordero, P
397
Méndez-G., M
226
Mora-Brenes, B
090
Madriz-Vargas, B.J
327
Mendoza, L
279
Mora-Jamett, M
044
Mallet, V
113
Mendoza-Martínez, G.D
268, 325
Mora-Madrigal, M.E
111
Manley, D.G
380
Merchán-Fornelino, M
123, 170, 177
Mora-Umaña, F
045
Maquivar-Linfoot, M.G
268, 325
Merello, M
150
Morales, J.A
276
March, J
049
Merfort, I
210
Morales-Guzmán, F
348
Marcos-García, M.A
377
Meyer, M.D
326
Morales-Quirós, J.F
150, 226, 321, 356
Marín, F
255
Meza, V
043, 406
Moran, R.C
311
Marmillod, D
099
Michalczyk, L
308
Moreira-González, I
238, 297, 307
Marshall, S.A
296, 320, 378
Michener, C.D
165
Moreno-Díaz, M.L
212
Martins de Souza, U.R
198, 248
Miller, J.S
223
Morón, M.A
278
Martins, U.R
267
Miller, W.D
258
Morón-Ríos, M.A
152
Mata, M
211, 359, 360, 372
Miranda-Quirós, M
212
Morrone, J.J
182
Mathis, W.N
301
Molina-Arias, R
073, 074
Morrone, O
079
Maxwell, R.H
Molina-Rojas, E
Muñoz, C
Lowe, A.J
137
215
Muñoz, H
270
Muñoz-Ruiz, C
373
Murillo, O
270
Murillo-Masís, R
210
Nair, U.S
172
Naskrecki, P
098
Navarro-Pereira, C.M
089, 103, 137, 247, 284, 314,
400
Nelson, M.P
306
Núñez, V
210
Núñez-Rivas, G.M
108
O'Brien, L.B
227
O'Leary, S
266
Oberwinkler, F
027
Ocampo-Sánchez, R.A
386
Oliveira, J
276
Opitz, W (formerly Ekis, G)
189
Orians, G.H
002
Pacheco, L
265
Paulson, D.R
002
Pazos-Sanou, L
230
Peck, S.B
200
Pennington, T.D
094
Perdices, A
129
Pérez-Cordero, L.D
190
Pérez-Hernández, R
305
Pérez-Lachaud, G
310
Pfaff, A.S.P
128
Piepenbring, M
027, 056
Pittier-Dormond, H
365
Pitts, J.P
380
Quintanilla, E
230
Quintero, D
166
Quirós, O
048
Quirós-Herrera, R
169, 282, 334
Quirós-Jara, M
092
Ramírez-Martínez, C
005, 017
Redondo-Brenes, A
192
Pizarro-Bustos, J.F CórdobaMuñoz, R
406
Rehn, J.A.G
323, 392
Podestá, M
279
Retana-Barrantes, J.A
407, 408
Poiani, K
406
Richling, I
167, 176
Ponce-Soto, L.A
210
Richmond, C.W
019
Pont, A.C
271
Richter, B
406
Poore, M
270
Rightmyer, M.G
165
Porras, I.T
212
Rivera-Quintanilla, L
088
Prado-Beltrán, J.K
353
Robinson-Davis, W
063
Prena, J
234, 304
Rodiles-Hernández, R
319
Pritchard, P.C.H
055
Rodríguez, J.J
197, 406
Protti-Quesada, M
160, 367
Rodríguez, R
214
Puthz, V
001
Rodríguez-Cervantes, S
334
Quate, L.W
205
Rodríguez-González, A
222, 295, 329
Quesada, T
215
Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, C.E
014
Quesada-González, E
259
Rodríguez-Herrera, E, (cons.)
337
Quesada-Monge, R.F
231
Rojas, L.A
142
Quesada-Vargas, T
225, 368
Rojas-Acuña, L.A
208
Rojas-Alvarado, A.F
050, 117, 242
Scoble, M.J
235
Soto-González, R
397
Rojas-Bourillón, A
214, 270
Segnini-Boza, M
228
Soto-Rodríguez, G.A
230
Rojas-Bourrillón, A
387
Serusiaux, E.L
114
Staines, C.L., Jr
141
Rojas-Morales, J.R
043
Shaw, S.R
072
Stauffer, F.W
201
Ross-Salazar, E.A
299
Shelley, R.M
233
Stiles, F.G
008, 262
Rothéa, R.R.A.D
191
Shen, S.K
276
Stirton C.S
094
Rotheray, G.E
377
Short, A.E.Z
171, 256, 290
Stuke, J.H
381
Rowell, C.H.F
104, 139, 202
Sipman, H.J.M
306, 362, 376
Su, C
276
Ruiz, G.A
069
Sithole, R
140
Suárez-Cowlen, A, (il.)
120
Ruiz-Boyer, A
085, 404
Skevington, J.H
381
Sundar, N
276
Sáenz-Méndez, J.C
120
Skiles, D.D
274
Sung, S
162, 163
Sáenz-Sánchez, I
367, 396
Smith, A.B.T
145
Sutton, T.B
052
064
Sage-Mora, L.F
169
Smith, L.B
358
Salas-González, D.M
336, 347
Smith, R.R
217
Salazar-Sánchez, L
153
Smith, S.A
218, 254
Sánchez-Azofeifa, G.A
128, 134
Smith, S.M
008
Sánchez-Chacón, E
109, 224, 225, 368
Snelling, R.R
281
Santos-Silva, A
412, 413
Soderstrom, T.R
240
Sathaye, J.A
134
Solano-Mata, F.J
336, 347, 349
Savage, J.M
125
Solano-Peralta, D
330
Schatz, G.E
009
Solís-Blanco, A
181
Schery, R.W
193
Solís-Rivera, V
397
Schröder, W
153
Solórzano, A
090
Schuster, G
153
Soto, J
399
Taylor, C.M
130
Taylor, K
067
Tejero-Díez, J.D
265
Thompson, F.C
204
Thompson, F.G
024
Thor, G
041
Tobía-Rivero, C.M
246
Tobón, C
414
Toledo, V.H
121, 277
Tremblay, C.J
111
Troyo-Jiménez, S, (il.)
150, 183
Tucker, J, (trad.)
120
079
345
Tucker, N.I.J
232
Ventura, J
305
Wheeler, T.A
357
Ugalde-Chavarría, A
068
Verduzco-Gómez, A.R
268, 325
Whitfield, J.B
106, 197
Ugalde-Gómez, J
060, 140
Vêzda, A
070
Wickersham, T.A
214
Umaña-Tenorio, L.A
306, 359, 360, 361, 362, 376
Viana, A
058, 077
Wilson, J
137
Umaña-Villalobos, G
018, 097
Vidal-Riveros, C
251
Windevoxhel-Lora, N.J
338, 406
Uribe-Lorio, L
040, 076
Villafuerte-Zea, L.E
083
WingChing-Jones, R
387
Urriola-Hernández, M
160
Villalobos, V
315
Wong-Reyes, G
120
Valerio, A.A
106, 197
Villalobos-Flores, R
407, 408, 411
Woodson, R.E., Jr
193
Valerio, E
046
Villalobos-Masís, C.E
403
Wulff, K
153
Valle, S
255
Villalobos-Morales, J.L
214
Yalle-Paredes, S.R
195, 317
van der Werff, H
035
Villalobos-Rodríguez, E
246
Yepez-García, V
293
Vanin, S.A
149
Villarreal-Castro, M
214, 270
Yost, R
154
Vanky, K
027
Villarreal-Orias, J.A
071
Zamora-Meléndez, A
155
Vargas, S
225
Víquez-Núñez, C
122
Zamora-Salazar, A
091
Vargas-C., W
015
Wade, E.J
065, 342, 344
Zamora-Villalobos, N.A
007, 042, 094, 322, 330
Vargas-Fonseca, J.F
105
Wagner, D.L
236
Zamora-Villalobos, N.A. (ed.)
150, 183
Vargas-Jarquín, E
373
Wahl, D.B
112
Zeledón-Araya, R
255
Vargas-Méndez, O
379
Ward, S
112, 113
Zeledón-Grau, M.E
073
Vargas-Vargas, M
366
Warren, A.D
250
Zuloaga, F.O
079
Vásquez, A
338
Watt, A.D
350
Zumbado-Arrieta, M.A
204
Vásquez-Soto, P
115
Wege, D.C
078
Zúñiga-Ramírez, R.J
178
Vaughan-Dickhaut, C
004, 013, 033, 034, 037
Welch, R.M
172
Vaurie, P
291, 388, 389
Werman, S.D
280
Vega, A.S
Westphal, S
PUBLICACIONES CUENCA RÍO FRÍO
Publicación no.: 001 Über neue und alte neotropische Stenus (Hypostenus)-Arten
(Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 198. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen [New and
old neotropic Stenus (Hypostenus) species (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 198th
Contribution to the knowledge of Steninae] / Puthz, V. (Max Planck Institute of
Limnology. Limnologische Fluss-Station, Postfach 260, Damenweg 1, D-36110
Schlitz, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Entomologische Blätter für Biologie und Systematik der Kaefer (ISSN
0013-8835), v. 79, no. 2/3, p. 65-140. 1984.
Two new species groups of the subgenus Hypostenus Rey are established, the
aeneas-group and the podagricus-group including descriptions of new species and
keys to all respective groupmembers. In addition new taxa of other
Hypostenus-groups are described and two new synonyms given, Stenus (Hypostenus)
aeneas sp. n. (Brazil), S. agenor sp. n. (Brazil), S. alcathous sp. n.
(Paraguay), S. amata sp. n. (Peru), S. anchises sp. n. (Brazil), S. antenor sp.
n. (Brazil), S. arthriticus sp. n. (Paraguay), S. ascanius sp. n. (Bolivia,
Paraguay), S. atrocyaneus sp. n. (Colombia), S. atrolucens sp. n. (Ecuador), S.
cactus sp. n. (Colombia), S. cajeta sp. n. (Trinidad), S. callosus juanae ssp.
n. (Cuba), S. columbus sp. n. (Cuba), S. creusa sp. n, (Brazil), S. curaca sp.
n. (Peru), S. deludens sp. n. (Brazil), S. dido sp. n. (Brazil, Colombia), S.
dyeri Blackwelder, 1943 syn. n. = S. podagricus Sharp, 1886, S. gaucho sp. n,
(Argentina), S. harpagipenis sp. n. (Costa Rica), S. harpagiphallus sp. n.
(Costa Rica), S. hippodamea sp. n. (Paraguay), S. hypocrites sp. n. (Ecuador),
S. julus sp. n. (Trinidad), S. junceus Erichson, 1840 syn. n. = S. cupreus
Castelnau, 1835, S. latinus sp. n. (Bolivia), S. macrophallus sp. n. (Bolivia),
S. mestiza sp. n. (Ecuador), S. mutgo sp. n. (Brazil), S. palinurus sp n.
(Ecuador),S. pygmalion sp. n. (Peru), S. spanglerianus sp. n. (Guatemala, Costa
Rica), S. tricatus sp. n. (Brazil), S. tricuspis sp. n. (Brazil), S. tridens
sp. n. (Venezuela, Colombia), S. tridentifer sp. n. (Peru), S. trigeminus sp.
n. (Ecuador), S. vulgaris sp. n. (Guatemala, Nicaragua).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S5925.
Publicación no.: 002 Notes on Costa Rican birds [Apuntes sobre aves
costarricenses] / Orians, G.H.; Paulson, D.R. (University of Washington.
Department of Zoology and Institute for Environmental Studies, Seattle, WA
98195, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Condor (ISSN 0010-5422), v. 71, no. 4, p. 426-431. 1969.
The authors spent 29 June 1966 to 20 August 1967 in Costa Rica, primarily
studying the ecology of Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and insects
in the marshes of the seasonally dry lowlands of Guanacaste Province. During
this period many parts of the country were visited in exploratory trips for
other purposes. The Costa Rican avifauna is better known tan that of any other
tropical American country, thanks especially to the work of Slud (1964). This
substantial fund of knowledge is of great value to ecologists, zoogeographers,
and physiologists, and it is therefore important that changes in our knowledge
be recorded in some detail. Those observations made by us that add to the
knowledge of the distribution and abundance of the bird species are herein
presented. Species not previously recorded from Costa Rica are indicated by
asterisks.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S427. NBINA-3782.
Publicación no.: 003 La sistemática de Rhynchospora Vahl subg. Rhynchospora
(Cyperaceae) en Costa Rica [The systematics of Rhynchospora Vahl subg.
Rhynchospora (Cyperaceae) in Costa Rica] / Gómez-Laurito, J. (Universidad de
Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 32, p. 33-72. 1989.
A taxonomic treatment of 15 species of Rhynchospora subg. Rhynchospora
(Cyperaceae) occurring in Costa Rica is presented. Descriptions of all the taxa
are given, as well as distribution maps and SEM photo of the achenes. Keys to
the species treated and keys to the related Central American taxa are.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 004 Distress calls of caiman, Caiman crocodilus fuscus, in
northern Costa Rica [Señales de alarma del caimán, Caiman crocodilus fuscus, en
el norte de Costa Rica] / Allsteadt, J.; Vaughan-Dickhaut, C. (University of
North Dakota. Department of Biology, Grand Forks, ND 58202, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 36, no. 2B, p. 567-568.
1988.
We captured and marked 91 individuals (a total of 103 captures) between 11
March and 23 July, 1986. Distress "calls" were emitted in 25 captures by
individuals of the 0.4 m-1.2 m range in total range. Larger caiman did not call
when captured. Nonetheless, caiman of apparently all sizes returned calls of
captured individuals.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 005 Evaluación de la reproducción sobrevivencia de bacterias
del género Rhizobium en suelo de turba de la zona de Medio Queso, Los Chiles,
Costa Rica [Reproduction and survival of Rhizobium in peat from the Medio Queso
area, Los Chiles, Costa Rica] / León-Marenco, E.; Acuña-Navarro, O.;
Ramírez-Martínez, C. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigaciones
Agronómicas, Ciudad Universitaria, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Costarricense (ISSN 0377-9424), v. 10, no. 1-2, p. 33-41. 1986.
Comparative tests using peat from the title Costa Rican deposit and peat
utilized by the Nitragin Co., Melwaulse, USA showed that the Costa Rican peat
was suitable as an inoculant carrier for Rhizobium japonicum.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5485. Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: 630A.
Publicación no.: 006 Populational variation in the frog genus Phrynohyas
Fitzinger in Middle America [Variación poblacional en la rana del género
Phrynohyas Fitzinger en Centroamérica] / McDiarmid, R.W. (National Museum of
Natural History. National Biological Survey, Washington, DC 20560, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) (ISSN 0459-8113), no. 134, p. 1-25.
1968.
A detailed populational analysis indicates that Phrynohyas latifasciata,
inflata, and spilomma are all representative of a single wide-ranging form,
Phrynohyas venulosa. Important characteristics, including size, coloration, and
skin texture, exhibit considerable variation and extensive overlap from
population to population or within the same population. The largest specimens
of Phrynohyas occur in the more and portions of its range. Large size is
considered an important mechanism for increasing the frogs' efficiency in
unfavorable habitats and allowing them to cope more effectively with the
problems of desiccation. The degree of development of the dermal glands
correlates with the annual climatic cycle characteristic of the wet and dry
seasons in Costa Rica. Glandular secretions of Phrynohyas venulosa are
considered a secondary adaptation against desiccation, as well as being
important in deterring predators.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S2600.
Publicación no.: 007 Acoelorraphe wrightii (Palmae): un nuevo registro para la
flora costarricense [Acoelorraphe wrightii (Palmae): a new record for the flora
of Costa Rica] / Chacón-Gamboa, I.A.; Zamora-Villalobos, N.A. (Instituto
Nacional de Biodiversidad, Apdo. Postal 22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 25-26, p. 305. 1986.
Acoelorraphe wrightii se conoce de las Antillas, Guatemala, Belize y la
Florida. En el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre, localizado en Los Chiles,
Provincia de Alajuela, en la primera semana del mes de julio de 1987
encontramos una densa colonia de esta palma. Los suelos donde ocurre son
inundados temporalmente. Durante la estación seca, las gentes de esta zona
utilizan el fuego como un metodo económico de desmonte; la colonia de esta
palma puede y es seriamente afectada por esta práctica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 008 Notes on bird distribution in Costa Rica [Apuntes sobre la
distribución de aves en Costa Rica] / Stiles, F.G.; Smith, S.M. (Universidad
Nacional de Colombia. Departamento de Biología, Ciudad Universitaria, AA-35884,
Bogotá, CO <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 17, p. 137-156. 1980.
Now data on the status and distribution of 79 species of Costa Rican birds are
presented, including 26 first records and 18 first specimen records for the
country, 14 range extensions, and 35 changes or clarifications of status.
Reported for the first time from Costa Rica or its adjacent waters are:
Puffinus tenuirostris, Sula sula, Pelecanus erythrorhynchus, Anas crecca
carolinensis, Aythya marila, Colinus cristatus, Numenius americanus,
Philomachus pugnax, Larus philadelphia, Hydroprogne caspia, Gygis alba Tyrannus
dominicensis, Tyrannulus elatus, Phaeoprogne tapera, Vireo griseus, V
aldloquus, Vermivora celata, Dendroica caerulescens, A. pinus, D. palmarum, D.
striata, D. discolor, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, Pheucticus melanocephalus,
Spizella passerina, and Passer domesticus.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S890.
Publicación no.: 009 A new Cymbopetalum (Annonaceae) from Costa Rica and Panama
with observations on natural hybridization [Un nuevo Cymbopetalum (Annonaceae)
de Costa Rica y Panamá con observaciones sobre hibridación natural] / Schatz,
G.E. (Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (ISSN 0026-6493), v. 72, no. 3, p.
535-538. 1985.
Cymbopetalum torulosum G.E. Schatz, sp. nov., known from northeastern Costa
Rica and a single location in Pacific western Panama adjacent to the Costa Rica
border, is distinguished from the sympatric C. costaricense (Donn. Sm.) R. E.
Fries by its strongly torulose monocarps. Populations at the La Selva
Biological Station of the Organization for Tropical Studies are found on recent
alluvial soils. They flower from February to August, are pollinated by the
dynastine beetle Cyclocephala sparsa Arrow, and are dispersed by ochre-bellied
flycatchers (Mionectes oleagineus). The species hybridizes with C.
costaricense.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S2344. NBINA-2541.
Publicación no.: 010 Acanthagrion speculum spec. nov., a new damselfly from
Costa Rica (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) [Acanthagrion speculum spec. nov., una
nueva libélula de Costa Rica (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae)] / Garrison, R.W.
(1030 Fondale St, Azusa, CA 91702-0821, US).
In: Odonatologica (ISSN 0375-0183), v. 14, no. 1, p. 37-44. 1985.
Acanthagrion speculum sp.n. (holotype male and allotype female: La Selva
Biological Station, 2.4 km S of Puerto Viejo, Heredia Province, Costa Rica) is
described and compared with the sibling species A. kennedii Wllmsn. Males of
these species are distinguished by characters of the penis. The new species is
known only from several localities in eastern Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S2627.
Publicación no.: 011 Management of laurel, Cordia alliodora, on farms in
Sarapiquí, Costa Rica [Manejo de laurel, Cordia alliodora, en fincas en
Sarapiquí, Costa Rica] / McCaffrey, D.
Syracuse, N.Y: University of Syracuse, 1969. 103 p.
Thesis, M.Sc, University of Syracuse, State University College of Forestry,
Syracuse, N.Y. (USA).
Objectives: There are two broad objectives to this study. First is to determine
the existing practices applied by Sarapiquí farmers in managing laurel in San
Carlos and the second to investigate the possibility of more intensive,
systematic management of the tree. It was felt that the first objective could
be realized by visiting farms, interviewing the farmers, and sampling the farms
to ascertain stocking of laurel. Other useful information could be obtained at
saw mills and logging sites by questioning millers and loggers and measuring
trees and logs. The second objective is to be accomplished by analysis of the
information obtained from primary sources and interpretation of the findings of
other researchers.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: Tesis 8.
Publicación no.: 012 Ecología de los caimanes (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) en el
Refugio Nacional de Fauna Silvestre de Caño Negro, Costa Rica. Informe de
trabajo / Allsteadt, J. (University of North Dakota. Department of Biology,
Grand Forks, ND 58202, US).
San José: J. Allsteadt, 198?. 5 p.
Los crocodílidos son animales importantes. Básicamente son los últimos
dinosaurios que representan a los reptiles que vivieron hace 248 millones de
años y no han cambiado mucho. Son depredadores al nivel primario y éstos
aumentan la diversidad de la vida silvestre en los ecosistemas donde viven.
Además, tienen un gran valor económico por su piel y carne. Ha resultado que
pueden ser un recurso natural renovable en los trópicos. Sin embargo son muy
vulnerables a la caza humana y sus poblaciones se pueden exterminar
rápidamente. Por eso la utilización de los crocodílidos depende del
conocimiento de su ecología. Se encuentran 2 especies de los crocodílidos en
Costa Rica, el caimán (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) y el cocodrilo (Crocodylus
acutus). Los estudios de la ecología de los caimanes comenzaron en 1988 en el
Refugio Nacional de Fauna Silvestre de Caño Negro, con el objetivo de obtener
datos sobre biología para considerar el manejo de la especie en esta zona
rural. Los estudios están enfocados a obtener otros aspectos ecológicos que
influyen en el manejo. Los objetivos son: 1. Hacer un censo de los caimanes
dentro el Refugio. 2. Determinar la tasa del crecimiento de los caimanes. 3.
Estudiar los movimientos de los caimanes. 4. Estudiar la reproducción de los
caimanes.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: DOC 504.
Publicación no.: 013 Ecological studies of the Central American caiman (Caiman
Crocodilus fuscus) in Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge, Costa Rica [Estudios
ecológicos del caimán centroamericano (Caiman Crocodilus fuscus) en el Refugio
Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Costa Rica] / Allsteadt, J.;
Vaughan-Dickhaut, C. (University of North Dakota. Department of Biology, Grand
Forks, ND 58202, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society (ISSN 0009-3564), v. 23, no.
8, p. 123-126. 1988.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S676.
Publicación no.: 014 Distribución regional e importancia de la babosa (Phyllum
Mollusca) en la Zona Norte de Costa Rica y su combate en el frijol (Phaseolus
vulgaris L.) / Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, C.E. (Ministerio de Agricultura y
Ganadería. Departamento de Entomología, San José, CR).
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 1988.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agronómica con énfasis en Fitotecnia,
Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela de Fitotecnia, San José (Costa Rica).
El trabajo se realizó en los cantones de San Carlos, Upala y Los Chiles,
ubicados al norte de la prov. de Alajuela, Costa Rica, entre nov. de 1985 y
feb. 1986, con el objetivo de determinar el daño y distribución de la babosa
(Soleolifera: Veronicellidae) en esa región; conocer los métodos de combate de
babosas en plantaciones de frijol; analizar la relación entre los hospedantes y
las condiciones físicas respecto a la presencia de la babosa en los cultivos de
frijol; identificar a las babosas. Los lugares se seleccionaron mediante un
muestreo aleatorio simple, considerando su alta infestación con babosas y
además por ser esas zonas buenas productoras de frijol. Se visitó a los
agricultores y se les presentó el cuestionario o encuesta, considerando su
experiencia en el cultivo de frijol y en la plaga. En cada entrevista se anotó:
nombre de la persona entrevistada, forma de sembrar el frijol, manejo
agronómico del cultivo, manejo de las plagas y enfermedades (poniendo especial
atención en las babosas), destino de la cosecha y crédito usado. Para combatir
a las babosas se han usado diferentes técnicas y sistemas, pero casi ninguno ha
dado un resultado completamente satisfactorio. La babosa ha producido muchos
daños en los frijolares, llegando a veces a terminar con toda una plantación en
poco tiempo, de ahí que algunas veces los agricultores han preferido no sembrar
frijol para no arriesgarse al ataque de la babosa.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 10352.
Publicación no.: 015 Métodos de captura y parámetros biométricos de Chrysemys
ornata en el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre de Caño Negro, Los Chiles,
Alajuela [Práctica de campo] / Calvo-Vargas, M.; Vargas-C., W.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, 1988. 44 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: AD 549.
Publicación no.: 016 A revision of Spathiphyllum (Araceae) [Revisión de
Spathiphyllum (Araceae)] / Bunting, G.S. (Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box
299, St. Louis, MO 63116, US).
In: Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden (ISSN 0077-8931), v. 10, no. 3, p.
1-53. 1960.
(No abstract).
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 017 Reproducción y sobrevivencia de Rhizobium japonicum en
inoculantes a base de turba de Costa Rica [Reproduction and survival of
Rhizobium japonicum in peat as an inoculant carrier in Costa Rica] /
León-Marenco, E.; Acuña-Navarro, O.; Ramírez-Martínez, C. (Universidad de Costa
Rica. Centro de Investigaciones Agronómicas, Ciudad Universitaria, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Ceiba (ISSN 0008-8692), v. 27, no. 1, p. 129-137. 1986.
Se evaluó suelo de turba (Typic Troposaprists), de la localidad de Medio Queso,
Costa Rica en cuanto a la reproducción y sobrevivencia de Rhizobium japonicum
cepa 587 que fue comparada con la turba usada comercialmente en la producción
de inoculantes por la compañía Nitragin de los EE.UU., bajo diferentes
temperaturas de almacenamiento (4, 24 y 37°C. En ambas turbas la población de
R. japonicum inoculada a 37°C a las 7 semanas fue de 10(-5) cel/g, mientras que
a 24°C, según resultados obtenidos a través de la técnica del número más
probable (NMP). En ambas turbas el recuento viable en plato a esta temperatura
fue adecuado hasta la 12a. semana de incubación. Los valores obtenidos con el
NMP en todos los tratamientos fueron inferiores a los obtenidos en el recuento
en plato. El contenido de humedad en los inoculantes disminuyó con el tiempo de
almacenamiento cuando se mantuvieron a 24 y 37°C, no así las que se almacenaron
a 4°C, donde prácticamente no se encontró variación. Este factor posiblemente
fue limitante en la viabilidad de Rhizobium japonicum cuando se mantuvieron a
24 y 37°C. Se concluyó que el suelo de turba evaluado reune los requisitos para
ser considerado como un acarreador bacteriano prometedor, cosa que se ha
reafirmado con muchos datos de multiplicación y sobrevivencia (no publicados)
de 14 cepas de Rhizobium pertenecientes a diferentes grupos de inoculación
cruzada.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: 630C.
Publicación no.: 018 Las lagunas de inundación del Refugio Nacional de Vida
Silvestre Caño Negro [Flooded lagoons of the Caño Negro National Wildlife
Refuge] / Campos-Montero, J.A.; Umaña-Villalobos, G. (Instituto de los Recursos
Costeros y Marinos, P.O. Box 280-8215, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Biocenosis (ISSN 0250-6963), v. 3, no. 2, p. 24-26. 1986.
El Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, con 9 969 ha, se ubica en el
provincia de Alajuela, Costa Rica. Aproximadamente 10% del área de esta zona
protegida está cubierto por una laguna estacional que, durante la breve
estación seca de la zona, llega a desaparecer casi por completo. El sitio
presenta una gran riqueza de avifauna acuática, de peces y reptiles.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 019 On a collection of birds from eastern Nicaragua and Río
Frío, Costa Rica, with notes; and a description of a supposed new Trogon [Sobre
una colección de aves del oriente de Nicaragua y Río Frío, Costa Rica, con
observaciones; y descripción de un presunto nuevo Trogon] / Richmond, C.W.
In: Proceedings of the United States National Museum (ISSN 0096-3801), v. 16,
no. 947, pp. not indicated. 1893.
Presenta una lista con 281 especies colectadas en esas regiones de Nicaragua y
Costa Rica.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 020 The systematics of the frogs of the Hyla rubra group in
Middle America [Sistemática de las ranas del grupo Hyla rubra en Centroamérica]
/ León, J.R.
In: The University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History (ISSN
0075-5036), v. 18, no. 6, p. 505-545. 1969.
Introduction: The tree frogs of the Hyla rubra group are abundant and form a
conspicuous element of the Neotropical frog fauna. Representatives of the group
occur from lowland México to Argentina; the greatest diversity is reached in
the lowlands of southeastern Brazil (Cochran, 1955). The group apparently
originated in South America; the endemic Central American species evolved from
stocks that invaded Middle America after the closure of the Colombian Portal in
the late Pliocene. Dunn (1933) partially defined the rubra group as it occurs
in Central America. Cope (1865, 1876, 1887), Brocchi (1881), Boulenger (IS82),
Günther (1901), Noble (1918), Kellogg (1932), Dunn and Emlen (1932), Stuart
(1935,, and Gaige (1936) dealt with the Middle American species now considered
to make up the rubra group. More recently, Taylor (1952, 1958), Fouquette
(1958), Starrett (1960), and Duellman (1960, 1963, 1966a) studied aspects of
the taxonomy and biology of the species of this group. The five species of the
rubra group in Central America have received ten different names. One species,
Hyla staufferi, has received five names (two subspecies are recognized herein).
Hyla boulengeri was named in the genus Scytopis, but the type species of
Scytopis is a member of the genus Phrynohyas Fitzinger, 1843 (Duellman. 1956).
Little has been published concerning the ecology, life history, osteology, and
mating calls of the Middle American species of this group. The purpose of the
present report is to describe the species occurring in Middle America and to
comment on their distributions, ecology, cranial-osteology, and mating calls,
and in so doing provide evidence for the evolutionary history of the species
inhabiting Middle America.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S1307.
Publicación no.: 021 The genus Cymbosema (Leguminosae): notes and distribution
[El género Cymbosema (Leguminosae): observaciones y distribución] / Maxwell,
R.H. (Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166, US).
In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (ISSN 0026-6493), v. 57, no. 2, p.
252-257. 1970.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-677.
Publicación no.: 022 Seed morphology in the tribe Morindeae (Rubiaceae)
[Morfología de la semilla en la tribu Morindeae (Rubiaceae)] / Hayden, M.V.;
Dwyer, J.D. (Catherine Spalding College. Department of Biology, Louisville, KT
40203, US).
In: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club (ISSN 0040-9618), v. 96, no. 6, p.
704-710. 1969.
The New World genus Apenia and New World representatives of Morinda of the
tribe Morindeae (Rubiaceae) have unique fruits and seeds which readily
segregate these from 41 genera of the Rubioideae. The fruits are 4-loculate,
each locule with one pyrene. The endocarp of the pyrene develops a bladder-like
cavity an the adaxial side. The seeds are vascular and winged; the trabeculae
of the alar cells readily segregate the genera. The sclerenchyma elements of
the seed suggest a clase relationship between the tribe Morindeae and the tribe
Coussareae. The description of the Panamanian species, Appunia seibertiti
Standley, used in the present study, is emencled; a key to the Central American
spp. of Morinda and Appunia is included.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-258.
Publicación no.: 023 Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro. Un caso de
uso múltiple y desarrollo rural basado en la vida silvestre y otros recursos
naturales [Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge. A case of multiple use and
rural development based on wildlife and other natural resources] /
López-Pizarro, E. (Ministerio de Recursos Naturales, Energía y Minas (MIRENEM).
Dirección General de Vida Silvestre, San José, CR).
In: Wildlife management in neotropical moist forest. Conservation status of the
jaguar (Panthera onca). des Clers, B. (ed.)
Paris: Conseil International de la Chasse et de la Conservation du Gibier,
1986. p. 190-193.
(No abstract).
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 024 Giant carnivorous land snails from Mexico and Central
America [Caracoles gigantes terrestres carnívoros de México y Centroamérica] /
Thompson, F.G. (University of Florida. Florida Museum of Natural History,
Gainesville, FL 32611, US).
In: Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences Series (ISSN
0071-6154), v. 30, no. 2, p. 29-52. 1987.
The taxonomy of four known species of Euglandina (Gastropoda, Pulmonata,
Spiraxidae) is reviewed, and each is redescribed. E. vanuxemensis (Lea)
includes the following synonyms: Achatina coulteri Gray, Glandina coronata
Pfeiffer, Glandina uhdeana Martens and Glandina guttata Crosse and Fischer. E.
aurata (Morelet) includes as a synonym Achatina lignaria Reeve. E. sowerbyana
consists of two subspecies: E. s. sowerbyana (Pfeiffer) and E. s. estephaniae
(Strebel). E. gigantea Pilsbry is monotypic. E. gigantae gabbi Pilsbry is a
synonym. Euglandina pan new species and Euglandina titan new species are
described from Guatemala.
Localización: Biblioteca de Malacología (INBio): 766.
Publicación no.: 025 El sistema de áreas protegidas de Costa Rica y su aporte
en la conservación y manejo de los humedales / McCarthy-Ramírez, R.G.;
Salazar-Figueroa, R, (ed.). (Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y
Enseñanza. Programa Manejo Integrado de Recursos Naturales, Turrialba, CR).
Resúmenes de la Semana Científica, Turrialba CR8-10 de diciembre, 1993.
In: Semana Científica
Turrialba: CATIE, 1993. v. 2, p. 107.
This study seeks to identify the achievements in the conservation and
management of wetlands in Costa Rica. The system as a whole analyzed, based on
interviews and literature reviews and is followed by the analysis of 5 case
studies including national parks, wildlife refuges and mangrove forest
reserves. The principal findings include: 57% of weltlands have legal
protection, wetlands ares present in all management categories, official
policies for protected aresa are adequate, but their non-enforcement makes
management uneffective and all wetlands are undergoing degradation due to the
lack of management.
Localización: Biblioteca José Figueres F.: 333.72 M533s.
Publicación no.: 026 Two new species in the Maxillaria rufescens complex from
Central America [Dos nuevas especies en el complejo de Maxillaria rufescens de
Centroamérica] / Carnevali Fernández-Concha, G.; Atwood, J.T. (Centro de
Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C. Herbarium CICY, Apartado Postal 87,
Cordemex, Mérida 97310, Yucatán, MX <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Lindleyana (ISSN 0889-258X), v. 11, no. 1, p. 27-33. 1996.
Two new species in the M. rufescens complex are described from Central America.
M. dressleriana Carnevali & J.T. Atwood is related to M. hedwigae Hamer &
Dodson but flowers are red-maroon and are held erect on short pedicels, besides
other differences in the shapes of the floral segments; it is known from Costa
Rica and Panama. M. moralesii Carnevali & J.T. Atwood is only known with
certainty from the Central Valley of Costa Rica and is related to the South
American M. acutifolia Lindley, but the former has clear yellow-green flowers
and differently shaped perianth segments. Illustrations and discussion on
affinities of both new species are provided, as well as a key to distinguish
between M. hedwigae and the 2 new species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11185.
Publicación no.: 027 Aurantiosporium, a new genus for Ustilago subnitens
(Ustilaginales) [Aurantiosporium, un nuevo género para Ustilago subnitens
(Ustilaginales)] / Piepenbring, M.; Vanky, K.; Oberwinkler, F. (Universität
Tübingen. Institut für Biologie 1. Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik/Mykologie, Auf
der Morgenstelle 1, 72076, Tübingen, DE <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Plant Systematics and Evolution (ISSN 0378-2697), v. 199, no. 1-2, p.
53-64. 1996.
A new genus, Aurantiosporium, is proposed for the smut species U. subnitens on
Scleria melaleuca. The soral morphology, teliospore development, the
ultrastructure of the teliospore wall and teliospore germination of A.
subnitens, studied on collections from Costa Rica, are described for the first
time. The character set of A. subnitens including intercellular teliospore
development, spores in irregular groups and light coloured spore walls with
numerous layers in TEM is neither known from Ustilago nor Cintractia nor any
other smut species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6394.
Publicación no.: 028 El sistema de áreas protegidas de Costa Rica y su aporte a
la conservación y manejo de los humedales / McCarthy-Ramírez, R.G.
Turrialba: CATIE, 1993. 184 p.
Tesis, Mag. Sc, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza,
Turrialba (Costa Rica).
El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo determinar los logros alcanzados en la
conservación y manejo de los humedales incluidos en el Sistema de Areas
Protegidas de Costa Rica. El trabajo se dividió en: Una fase de gabinete, en la
que se analizaron las diferentes categorías de manejo del sistema de áreas
protegidas, para clarificar los alcances que han tenido en cuanto a cantidad de
humedales protegidos, y el aporte generado con las políticas de creación y
manejo aplicadas en ellas. Una segunda fase de trabajo de campo, la que
consistió en cinco estudios de caso, los cuales comprendieron dos parques
nacionales (Palo Verde y Tortuguero), dos refugios de vida silvestre (Caño
Negro y Gandoca-Manzanillo), y una reserva forestal (Térraba-Sierpe). En todos
los casos se evaluó el manejo ejecutado y su impacto en los humedales. Algunos
de los resultados de esta investigación incluyen: - Un 57.0 de los humedales
contenidos en el mapa de humedales de Costa Rica, tiene protección legal,
siendo las "reservas forestales de manglar" las de mayor importancia, sin
embargo, la poca gestión que tienen estas áreas, hace que la protección sea
solamente en el papel. - Los humedales se localizan en todas las categorías de
manejo utilizadas en Costa Rica. - No se encontraron políticas específicas para
la creación de las áreas protegidas, ni para la conservación y manejo de los
humedales, lo que ha generado una integración del sistemas de áreas protegidas
en forma fragmentada y carente de planificación. - Aunque la mayoría de las
políticas de manejo definidas para las diferentes categorías, se ajustan a las
características y necesidades de los humedales, la falta de aplicación que han
tenido hace que el manejo de los humedales sea poco eficiente. - En el trabajo
de campo se logró determinar que todos los humedales están sufriendo
degradación, teniéndose como las causas principales, la poca gestión de las
áreas protegidas y la falta de control que se puede ejercer sobre
externalidades.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: Thesis M123.
Publicación no.: 029 Pore fungi of Costa Rica. III / Carranza-Velázquez, J.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Mycotaxon (ISSN 0093-4666), v. 48, p. 45-57. 1993.
This is the third and las part of a comprehensive list of the polypores of
Costa Rica. A total of 69 genera and 193 species are reported in these papers,
which represents 58% of pore fungi reported from other tropical countries. The
large number of species present on such a small area (total area 51.100 km²) is
probably due to its geographical position with very changing climates and a
migration of species from both the North and South American mycoflora.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4852.
Publicación no.: 030 Estudios básicos sobre la biología y combate de Dictyla
monotropidia (Hemiptera: Tingidae) / Fallas-Araya, E.M.
Cartago: Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, 1991. 43 p.
Informe de Práctica de Especialidad, Bachiller, Departamento de Ingeniería
Forestal.
Localización: Biblioteca José Figueres F.: TF412.
Publicación no.: 031 Tercer Festival Interescolar sobre Medio Ambiente. Caño
Negro, Los Chiles: Poesías y cuentos / Universidad Nacional. Facultad de
Ciencias de la Tierra y el Mar, Heredia,
, 1990.
Localización: Biblioteca del BIODOC: no. 1156.
Publicación no.: 032 Cuarto Concurso Interescolar sobre Medio Ambiente: Caño
Negro, Los Chiles / Universidad Nacional. Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y
el Mar, Heredia, CR.
, 1991.
Localización: Biblioteca del BIODOC: no. 1157.
Publicación no.: 033 Dry season habitat selection of Caiman crocodilus
(Crocodylia: Alligatoridae) in Caño Negro, Costa Rica [Selección del hábitat
durante la estación seca por el Caiman crocodilus (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae)
en Caño Negro, Costa Rica] / Allsteadt, J.; Vaughan-Dickhaut, C. (University of
North Dakota. Department of Biology, Grand Forks, ND 58202, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 38, p. 65-69. 1992.
Habitat selection of Caiman crocodilus was studied during the dry season
between 22 April and May 1986 in Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge, in
northern Costa Rica. Sixteen habitat components were measured for 14 study
sites containing varying, numbers of caimans. Average number of caimans per
site was regressed against the 16 habitat components using stepwise variable
selection. Total perimeter, percent substrate sand, percent submerged trees,
and percent perimeter bordered by 2 to 4 m vegetation described 85 percent of
the variation in number of caimans per site (P lt 0.001). Sand predicted caiman
absence, whereas other variables were positively correlated with caiman number.
Caimans probably avoided sand because they preferred slow moving water in
organic substrates. Submerged trees may offer protection, concentration of food
resources, and habitat structure.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 034 Food habits of Caiman crocodilus in Caño Negro, Costa Rica
[Hábitos alimentarios del Caiman crocodilus en Caño Negro, Costa Rica] /
Allsteadt, J.; Vaughan-Dickhaut, C. (1417 Piccadilly, Blue Springs, MO 64014,
US <Fax: (816)228-9243> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Vida Silvestre Neotropical (ISSN 0889-3284), v. 3, no. 1, p. 24-29. 1994.
Food habits of the brown caiman, Caiman crocodilus fuscus (=C. c. chiapasius),
were studied in the Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge, in northern Costa
Rica. Stomach samples from 61 individuals contained 8 classes of prey species.
Insects, fish, and birds were the most important food items. Juveniles (n=25)
fed predominantly on insects, especially beetles (Dyscinetus). Subadult (n=20)
and adult (n=16) caimans consumed beetles (Dyscinetus), snails (Pomacea),
cichlids (Cichlasoma dovii, Sarotherodon aureus), characids (Roeboides
guatemalensis, Brycon gualemalensis), gar (A tractosteus tropicus), sliders
(Trachemys scripta), and birds (Phalacrocorax olivacous, Jacana spinosa). An
ontogenetic dietary shift from invertebrate to vertebrate prey occurred with
increasing caiman size. The increase in vertebrate prey with larger caiman size
probably reflects the ability of larger caimans to capture and consume larger
prey. Seasonal changes in habitat and prey abundance affected caiman diet.
Caimans appearto feed opportunistically on the most locally abundant and easily
secured prey species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: V.
Publicación no.: 035 A revision of the Genus Pleurothyrium (Lauraceae)
[Revisión del género Pleurothyrium (Lauraceae)] / van der Werff, H. (Missouri
Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (ISSN 0026-6493), v. 80, p. 39-118.
1993.
Pleurothyrium, a genus of Lauraceae mostly consisting of trees, ranges from
Guatemala to Bolivia and possibly Southern Brazil. The genus is best
represented in Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia and mostly occurs at low elevations.
In this revision 39 species are included in Pleurothyrium, of which 19 are
described as new. Taxonomic history, characters, and phylogenetic
classification are discussed. Data on phenology, habitat preference, and
altitudinal range are presented when available.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S2980.
Publicación no.: 036 Nesting ecology of Caiman crocodilus in Caño Negro, Costa
Rica [Ecología de anidamiento del Caiman crocodilus en Caño Negro, Costa Rica]
/ Allsteadt, J. (University of North Dakota. Department of Biology, Grand
Forks, ND 58202, US).
In: Journal of Herpetology (ISSN 0022-1511), v. 28, no. 1, p. 12-19. 1994.
Despite the widespread distribution of Caiman crocodilus fuscus (=chiapasius)
in Central America, few detailed studies of its reproduction are available. In
northern Costa Rica, brown caimans nested in riverine forest adjacent to rivers
or canals during the early wet season. Thirty-five nests were located and
measured in 1988-1989; detailed egg parameters were measured from 17 clutches.
Mean incubation temperature of nine nests averaged 31.8 C (30.5-32.8 C).
Individual nest temperatures ranged from 29.6 to 36.0 C. Egg temperatures
increased by 3 C in five nests during the nesting season, but temperatures in
four other nests remained nearly constant. Flooding accounted for high
embryonic mortality by destroying entire nests; egg predation was minimal.
Hatching occurred in September and October during high water levels when
aquatic habitat was abundant. Delayed hatching of some nests suggests that a
stimulus may be useful to initiate hatching. Typically, parent caimans opened
nests to release the young. Hatchlings formed sibling groups near the nest site
and often remained together for over 1.5 years. Mound nesting was favored by
the optimal conditions of the wet season in Caño Negro. Wet season nesting
increases the availability of resources and suitable habitat to hatchling
caimans. Abundant habitat during the wet season enables hatchling to avoid
predation and cannibalism. The predominant use of riverine forests for nesting
by caimans in Caño Negro has important ecological consequences and management
implications.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S3636.
Publicación no.: 037 Population status of Caiman crocodylus (Crocodylia:
Alligatoridae) in Caño Negro, Costa Rica [Estado de la población del Caiman
crocodylus (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae) en Caño Negro, Costa Rica] / Allsteadt,
J.; Vaughan-Dickhaut, C. (University of North Dakota. Department of Biology,
Grand Forks, ND 58202, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 38, p. 57-64. 1992.
Caimans were censused by counting eyeshines with a headlamp from April to July
1986 in Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge, in northern Costa Rica. Estimated
caiman population in the preliminary study area was 229 in the dry season and
23 in the wet season. Caiman density during the dry season was calculated in 3
sites as 83, 100, and 166 caimans/hectare. Total caiman population in the
refuge was estimated in 1988 (2129) and 1989 (2438) during the dry season. Mean
number of caimans per km of river was 53.0/km for 50.2 km of habitat in 1989.
Percent of caimans that were visible during a count was 89.0% (SD=6.62). We
calculated the total caiman population at 3000 (2700-3300) within all transects
in 1989. Caimans dispersed from dry season canals and lagoons into wet
grasslands and swamps during seasonal flooding. Surveys used to estimate total
caiman population should be made during the dry season when caimans are
concentrated in open bodies of water. Annual fluctuations in caiman numbers
occurred between survey sites. Variable nesting success probably caused the
juvenile size class to greatly increase or decrease between years.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 038 Diversidad genética y mezcla racial en los amerindios de
Costa Rica y Panamá [Genetic diversity and racial mixture in Amerindians from
Costa Rica and Panama] / Barrantes-Mesén, R. (Universidad de Costa Rica.
Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud y Escuela de Biología, San José, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 41, Fasc. 3A, p. 379-384.
1993.
The genetic diversity of nine Amerindian tribes (Boruca, Bokota, Bribri,
Cabécar, Guatuso, Guaymí, Huetar, Kuna and Teribe) from Costa Rica and Panama
were analyzed using 48 loci of enzymatic systems, blood groups and serum
proteins. The average heterozygosity (H) and the frequency of polymorphisms (P)
for this assemblage am relatively low (H=-0.055; P=0.217). The genetic
differentiation within tribes is also low with the exception of the Cabécar
(Gst=0.049). However it is high between tribes (Gst=0.073). These populations
have some racial admixture and negro and caucasian genes am present in
different frequencies (1-30%) depending on their ecological and cultural
background. Mating systems and random genetic drift should explain these
results. In a broad sense the genetic diversity of these Chibchan tribes are
similar to others from South America which use different languages.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 039 Dispersión y métodos de cría de Dictyla monotropidia
(Hemiptera: Tingidae) [Dispersal and rearing of Dictyla monotropidia
(Hemiptera: Tingidae)] / Fallas-Araya, E.M.; Arguedas-Gamboa, M.; Briceño-Lobo,
R.D. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Departamento de Ingeniería Forestal,
Cartago, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 41, no. 3A, p. 509-513.
1993.
Dictyla monotropidia is a sap-tapping insect that attacks plantations of young
laurel (Cordia alliodora). Its survivorship was evaluated with several rearing
methods. Petri plates produce the best results if sufficient plant material was
available. With other methods the leaves persisted longer but the survivorship
of the insects was lower. The duration of the life cycle was 36.4 days, with
five instars. In each flight the insect flew at least 10 m in the direction of
prevailing winds.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 040 Inoculación del frijol común con tres cepas seleccionadas
de Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli [Inoculation of the common bean with
three selected strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. phaseoli] /
Acuña-Navarro, O.; Uribe-Lorio, L. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de
Investigaciones Agronómicas, Ciudad Universitaria, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Mesoamericana (ISSN 1021-7444), v. 7, no. 1, p. 35-40. 1996.
In field trials in 1992 at 2 sites in Costa Rica, a total of 3 Phaseolus
vulgaris cultivars were inoculated at each site with 3 strains of R.
leguminosarum biovar. phaseoli selected for promising performance the previous
year. At Puriscal, cv. Talamanca and at Los Chiles, cv. Brunca and cv. Criolla
inoculated with the Costa Rican strain CR-477 gave significantly higher
aboveground weight and nodulation at stage R7 and higher seed yields than
plants inoculated with other strains. Seed yields following inoculation with
strain CR-477 were similar at Los Chiles and significantly higher in cv.
Talamanca at Puriscal than those following application of 150 kg N/ha as urea.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton.
Publicación no.: 041 New species or interesting records of foliicolous lichens
.II. Flavobathelium epiphyllum (Lichenized Ascomycetes: Melanommatales) [Nuevas
especies o registros interesantes de líquines foliícolas .II. Flavobathelium
epiphyllum (Lichenized Ascomycetes: Melanommatales)] / Lücking, R.; Aptroot,
A.; Thor, G. (Universität Bayreuth. Lehrstuhl für Pflanzensystematic, D-95447
Bayreuth, DE <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Lichenologist (ISSN 0024-2829), v. 29, no. 3, p. 221-228. 1997.
Flavobathelium epiphyllum gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated. The
new taxon is characterized by perithecia and pycnidia embedded in
pulverulaceous, uni- to plurilocular pseudostromata, small, transversely
septate ascospores, and the presence of bacillar to filiform macroconidia with
gelatinous appendages and simple microconidia. Possible relationships are seen
with the genus Phyliobathelium. Flavobathelium epiphyllum is a common species
in Central and South American lowland to submontane rain forests with
undisturbed vegetation. It is mostly found along moderately illuminated parts
of the understory, such as small, natural light gaps.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S5742. NBINA-5180.
Publicación no.: 042 Caracterización de la vegetación del Refugio Nacional de
Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Alajuela, Costa Rica [Characterization of the
vegetation of the wildlife refuge of Caño Negro, Alajuela, Costa Rica] /
Zamora-Villalobos, N.A.; Bravo-Chacón, J. (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad,
Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Ciencias Ambientales (ISSN 1409-2158), no. 9, p. 4-21. 1992.
In the Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge we identify four vegetation communities which
are represented on the attached map, scale 1:50.000. The flora include 76
families, 208 genera and 310 species. We reported 10 new records for Costa Rica
flora and 11 new records for the septentrional region flora of the country.
Also, include lists of vegetation o each type of habitat: lacustrine
vegetation, riverine vegetation, palustrine vegetation and high land
vegetation. A simbology table with the codification used in the map and in the
text is added.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4163.
Publicación no.: 043 Mortalidad embrionaria y éxito de eclosión en huevos de
Trachemys scripta (Testudines: Emydidae) incubados en un área natural protegida
[Embryo mortality and hatching rate of Trachemys scripta (Testudines: Emydidae)
eggs artificially developed in a protected natural area] / Cabrera-Peña, J.;
Rojas-Morales, J.R.; Galeano, G.; Meza, V. (Universidad Nacional. Escuela de
Ciencias Biológicas, Heredia 86-3000, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 44, no. 2B, p. 841-846.
1996.
In the northeast of Costa Rica, illegal collecting, habitat destruction and
heavy predation on adult females, young and eggs of Trachemys scripta produced
a population decline in recent years. The slider turtle has a high reproductive
potential and nest were relocated. Between January and March 1991, 179 nests
(3220 eggs) were collected from natural areas of Caño Negro National Wildlife
Refuge, Costa Rica and relocated for incubation under natural conditions in a
protected site. The mean of number of eggs per clutch was 19.5 ± 4.5 (range 8
to 31) and the mean incubation period was 77.4 ± 11.4 days (range 50 to 110
days). The mean hatching success was 89.6 ± 3.4 % (range 60.0 to 100 %). The
mean early and mid embryonic mortality was 5.5 ± 4.3 %, the average late
embryonic mortality was 8.5 ± 3.5 % and infertility 1.8 ± 1.0 %.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 044 Reproducción y alimentación del gaspar Atractosteus
tropicus (Pisces: Lepisosteidae) en el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño
Negro, Costa Rica [Reproduction and diet of Atractosteus tropicus (Pisces:
Lepisosteidae) at Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre, Caño Negro, Costa Rica] /
Mora-Jamett, M.; Cabrera-Peña, J.; Galeano, G. (Universidad Nacional. Escuela
de Ciencias Biológicas, Heredia 863000, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 45, no. 2, p. 861-866.
1997.
Reproduction, length-weight relationship, and food habits of gar Atractosteus
tropicus were studied in streams and ponds of National Wildlife Refuge Caño
Negro, Costa Rica from February 1990 through February 1991. Sex ratio was 0.97
with preponderance of females, especially in the largest size-classes.
Macroscopic and microscopic examination of gonads indicate a single, distinct
reproductive season from April to October during the wet season. The mean size
at maturity for males and females was 50-60 cm total length. Fecundity was
1.124-99.087 eggs per ripe female and it is linearly related to fish length and
body weight by the equations: F=1150.6 length - 74130.6 and F=8.59 weight 7485.6. The total length-weight regression was log10 weight=-2.964 + 3.351
log10 nlength for males, and log10 weight = -2.729 + 3.211 log10 length for
females. The dominant groups found in the stomachs were Cichlidae, Poeciliidae,
Characidae, Pimelodidae, Gymnotidae and crustaceans, in order of decreasing
importance.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 045 Selección de cepas nativas de Rhizobium leguminosarum bv
phaseoli eficientes en fijación biológica de nitrógeno en suelos de Costa Rica
[Selection of native strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv phaseoli efficient
in biological nitrogen fixation in Costa Rican soils] / Mora-Umaña, F.
(Universidad Nacional. Escuela de Ciencias Agrarias, Heredia, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Mesoamericana (ISSN 1021-7444), v. 6, p. 68-74. 1995.
One hundred and thirty one strains of R. leguminosarum bv phaseoli were
isolated from different bean producing zones in Costa Rica. The response of its
inoculation to the Huasteco Negro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) bean varietyh was
evaluated under green house conditions. Pots and heat treated soil were used.
The seeds inoculation was conducted using a bacterial suspension of 10 to 9
ucf/ml, approximately. Besides, an absolute control (without inoculation,
without nitrogen) and a control with nitrogen (+140 kg/N/ha) were included. The
dry weight of the nodules, dry weight of the aerial part and the ureids
concentration of the foliar area at the R6 stage of development were the
measured variables. The plants inoculated with the CR-455, CR-487 and CR-BSA
strains showed the largest nodules' dry weight values. The absolute control
showed the lowest dry weight of nodules. Significant differences (P0.05) were
observed among some treatments and the controls. The plants showing the highest
foliar dry weight were those inoculated with the CR-482, CR-422 and CR-454
strains. Significant differences (P0.05) were registered for the ureids
concentrations among some treatments and the controls. The plants inoculated
with the CR-475, CR-492 and CR-422, CR-487 and CR-477 strains had the highest
ureids concentrations and also showed the largest atmospheric nitrogen fixing
capacity under greenhouse conditions. A variation of the atmospheric nitrogen
fixing capacity of effectiveness among some Rhizobium strains was observed,
when comparing te results with the absolute and nitrogenous controls, which
agrees with the bibliography.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: A.
Publicación no.: 046 Potencial de producción de líneas de frijol adzuki (Vigna
angularis), en tres localidades de Costa Rica [Production potential of adzuki
bean (Vigna angularis) lines in three localities in Costa Rica] /
Araya-Villalobos, R.; Valerio, E.; Hernández-Paniagua, H. (Universidad de Costa
Rica. Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit, Apdo. 183-4050, Alajuela, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Mesoamericana (ISSN 1021-7444), v. 4, p. 36-41. 1993.
Between 1984 and 1988, fourteen adzuki bean lines were evaluated in three
localities in Costa Rica: Alajuela at 840 m.a.s.l, Pérez Zeledón at 760
m.a.s.l. and Río Frío at 100 m.a.sl. Three common bean varieties were used as
controls: Talamanca, Huetar and Mexico 80. The best adzuki lines in the three
localities were UCR-2 and UCR-7 (red colored grain) and UCR-3 (black colored
grain). In Río Frío and Pérez Zeledón, the adzuki showed a like production as
the common bean, due to the low incidence of web blight (Thanatephorus
cucumeris Frank Donk). This is a fungus which slightly affects the adzuki bean,
but it is a limiting factor for common bean production in these two localities.
In Alajuela, an ideal zone for common bean production, several adzuki lines
showed a higher productivity.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton.
Publicación no.: 047 Escarábidos (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) presentes en
cítricos en la Región Huetar Norte y sus relaciones / Elizondo-Solís, J.M.;
Lezama-Ulate, H.J. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Apdo. 223, San Carlos,
CR <Fax: (506)475-5395> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
IV Congreso Costarricense de Entomología, San José CR17-21 de noviembre de
1997.
San José: ASENCO, 1997. p. 41.
Uno de los aspectos más importante a ser tomados en consideración para el
manejo integrado de plagas en los cultivos agrícolas, son los hospederos
alternos. En la región Norte de Costa Rica el cultivo de la caña de azúcar y
cítricos son colindantes, lo que hace suponer que algunas plagas generales como
algunos miembros de la familia Scarabaeidae (jobotos), se trasladen de un
cultivo a otro en su estado adulto. Con el propósito de determinar la
diversidad de estos coleópteros y su fluctuación poblacional en relación con
las etapas fenológicas, así como con las condiciones de clima, se inició un
muestreo individual de enero de 1995 hasta diciembre de 1996 para ello se
utilizaron parcelas de 3.500 árboles ubicadas en Arenal de Tilarán y Los Lirios
de los Chiles. Durante el período de muestreo, se procedió a evaluar
mensualmente el número de escarabajos, el número de flores, frutos y retoños
dañados por estos insectos. Para la recolecta nocturna se utilizaron trampas de
luz tipo "Luis de Queiroz" modificadas. De los escarábidos recolectados se
destacó el género Dyscinetus como más abundante en Arenal (86,90 %) y mostró
poblaciones mayores durante los meses de enero y mayo de 1995. En cambio
Cyclocephala delecta fue la especie más abundante en los Lirios de los Chiles
(64,42 %) durante 1995. Phyllophaga sp. se destacó en segundo lugar durante el
año de 1996 en las localidades de Arenal (13,3 %) y en Los Lirios (18,18 %). En
este último lugar durante 1996, C. amazona fue más abundante (27,27 %) si la
comparamos con Phyllophaga sp. durante 1996 (medio año). La segunda especie del
género Cyclocephala se presentó en un 10,52 % en Arenal durante 1995. Los
géneros menos abundantes fueron Copris y Faula. En términos generales, la
población de escarabaeidos fue más abundante en la región de Arenal que en Los
Chiles, en la cual también se concentran las mayores áreas sembradas de caña de
azúcar.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 595.7 R435re.
Publicación no.: 048 Modelos de predicción de carga media anual de sedimentos
en suspensión en cuencas rurales de Costa Rica / Calvo-Alvarado, J.C.; Quirós,
O. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal,
Cartago, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
San José: Centro Científico Tropical / Centro Internacional en Política
Económica para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la UNA / International Institute for
Environment and Development, 1996. 28 p. (CREED Costa Rica - Notas Técnicas;
no. 4).
En el presente estudio la carga media anual de sedimentos en suspensión de 24
cuencas rurales de Costa Rica se utiliza para desarrollar modelos regionales
preliminares de regresión para predecir los sedimentos en suspensión en función
de las características de las cuencas. La ecuación de la Vertiente Atlántica
utilizó la variable de erosión media anual estimada en en ton/km². En cuanto a
la Vertiente Pacífica, la ecuación más adecuada utilizó la variable escorrentía
media anual en mm; y erosión media anual estmada en ton/km². Las ecuaciones
desarrolladas explican un 89% y 93% de las variaciones de la carga media anual
de sedimentos en suspensión en la Vertiente Atlántica y Pacífica
respectivamente. Los errores estándar de la estimación en ton/km² fueron de 77
(34% Coeficiente de Variación) para la Vertiente Atlántica y 37 (31%
Coeficiente de Variación) para la Vertiente Pacífica. Un diagnóstico de las
regresiones desarrolladas indican que las ecuaciones estiman aceptablemente la
carga media anual de sedimentos en suspensión. El modelo de la Vertiente
Atlántica se aplicó a la Cuenca del Arenal (área de estudio). El propósito fue
desarrollar un instrumento que permitiera estimar la carga de sedimentos que
llega al embalse en función del uso de la tierra. Se determinó que la carga
total de sedimentos en suspensión es de aproximadamente 200,000 ton/año. Se
sugieren estudios adicionales y otras opciones para mejorar los resultados de
este estudio.
Localización: Biblioteca Centro Científico Tropical.
Publicación no.: 049 Cambios en los habitats ecológicos del Refugio Nacional de
Vida Silvestre de Caño Negro, 1961-1992 / Castillo-Vásquez, R.; March, J.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Historia y Geografía, San José, CR).
In: Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Universidad de Costa Rica) (ISSN 0482-5276),
no. 62, p. 51-67. 1993.
We carry out comparative cartography using aerial enlarged photography, in
order to show and measure spatial changes of habitats of Caño Negro National
Wildlife Refuge, Costa Rica, over the last 30 years. By means of field work the
main causing of such changes are identified, as well as effects on Caño Negro
Lagoon ecology and adjacent areas. We offer recommendations tending to diminish
the changing rythm of the wetlands.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 050 Aportes a la flora pteridophyta neotrópica. 1. Notas sobre
el género Niphidium (Polypodiaceae) / Rojas-Alvarado, A.F. (Universidad de
Costa Rica. Jardín Botánico Lankester, Apdo. 1031-7050, Cartago, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 45-46, p. 27-32. 1996.
One new species of Niphidium is described and three species are newly reported
from various countries: N. oblanceolatum is segregated from N. crassifolium
(L.) Lellinger because its rhizome scales are darker in the central body and
their cells are longer and wider, and the blade is oblanceolate; also, the
altitudinal and geographical distribution of these species are distant. N.
.ongifolium (Cav.) C. V. Morton & Lellinger is reported from Colombia, N.
Mortonianum Lellinger from Perú and N. nidulare (Rosenst.) Lellinger from
Panamá.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 051 Depredación de huevos de Trachemys scripta (Reptilia:
Emydidae) por Solenopsis molesta (Insecta: Formicidae) [Predation of eggs of
Trachemys scripta (Reptilia: Emydidae) by Solenopsis molesta (Insecta:
Formicidae)] / Cabrera-Peña, J.; Ampie, C.L.; Galeano, G. (Universidad
Nacional. Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Heredia 863000, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 38, p. 167. 1992.
A survey of Trachemys scripta nests in the north of Alajuela Province, Costa
Rica, between March and May 1990 showed that fire ants (Solenopsis molesta)
were active above and around some of the nests. The examination of 10 of these
turtle nests revealed that the eggs had been totally destroyed by the ants in 9
and partly destroyed (11 of 28 eggs) in the 10th. Eggs were attacked at all
stages of development.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 052 Epidemiology and control of citrus greasy spot on Valencia
orange in the humid tropics of Costa Rica / Hidalgo-Alvarez, H.; Sutton, T.B.;
Arauz-Cavallini, L.F. (North Carolina State University. Department of Plant
Pathology, Raleigh, NC 27695, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Plant Disease (ISSN 0191-2917), v. 81, no. 9, p. 1015-1022. 1997.
An epidemiological study of Mycosphaerella citri, the cause of greasy spot of
citrus, was conducted for 2 years at Finca 6 and El Parque, Costa Rica.
Ascospores were the primary source of inoculum; only a few conidia were trapped
during the study. Ascospores were trapped first during late April or early May.
The spore discharge pattern was associated closely with seasonal rainfall
distribution; in both years, the number of ascospores trapped increased rapidly
through May, peaked during early June, declined rapidly through July, and were
negligible during the rest of the year. Most ascospores were trapped during a
6- to 8-week period. Three principal discharge patterns were observed. One
pattern, associated with rainfall, was characterized by the release of large
numbers of ascospores within 1 h of the beginning of rainfall. Ascospore
release often continued for several hours after the rainfall ended. A second
discharge pattern was associated with dew. Large numbers of spores were trapped
during periods when dew was heaviest (0200 to 0700 h). A third pattern
consisted of a combination of the first two patterns (i.e., discharge during
evening rain followed by a second discharge associated with dew). No
relationship was found between different combinations of rainfall data and
either the first or peak ascospore catch. Similarly, there was no consistent
relationship between weekly percentages of leaves at different stages of
decomposition and ascospore catch that could be used to predict the period of
peak ascospore discharge. Weekly total number of leaves on the orchard floor
was a better predictor of total ascospore catch. Two sprays of a copper
fungicide reduced greasy spot incidence, severity, and defoliation compared to
an unsprayed control. Oil, sprayed twice as a standard grower treatment, did
not reduce disease incidence or severity compared to the unsprayed control.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: P. LC.
Publicación no.: 053 Additions and corrections to the knowledge of the
foliicolous lichen flora of Costa Rica. The genus Fellhanera, with notes on
Bacidia pauciseptata [Adición y correcciones a la liquenoflora foliícola de
Costa Rica. El género Fellhanera, con apuntes sobre Bacidia pauciseptata] /
Lücking, R. (Universität Bayreuth. Lehrstuhl für Pflanzensystematic, D-95447
Bayreuth, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tropical Bryology (ISSN 0935-5626), v. 13, p. 141-173. 1997.
This further contribution to the knowledge of the foliicolous flora of Costa
Rica provides a detailed account on the genus Fellhanera. In total, 25 species
and five undescribed taxa are treated. en species are described as new:
Fellhanera angustispora sp.n., F. dictyospora sp.n., F. dispersa sp.n., F.
emarginata sp.n., F. pilomarginata sp.n. New combinations are F. pauciseptata
(R. Sant.) R. Lücking com (Bas.: Bacidia pauciseptata R. Sant.) and F. rubida
(Müll. Arg.) R. Lücking comb.n. (Bas.: Patellaria rubida Müll. Arg.), F.
dominicana (Vain.) Vezda is placed into synonymy with F. fuscatula (Müll. Arg.)
Vezda, whose type has 7-septate ascospores, and the name F. subfuscatula R.
Lücking sp.n. is introduced for the taxon with 5-septate ascospores formerly
known as F. fucatula, F. misionensis Ferraro & Lücking ined. and F.
sublecanorina (Nyl.) Vezda are reported for the first time from Costa Rica. The
formerly invalidly published names F. farinosa nom. nud. and F. pilosa nom.
nud. are considered to be synonyms of F. fuscatula (Müll. Arg.) Vezda and F.
rhapidophylli (Rehm) Vezda, respectively. Specimens identified as F. tuckeri
nom. nud. belong to F. rhapidophylli as well. F. buxi is excluded from the
foliicolous lichen flora of Costa Rica. A keys is provided to the complex group
of species of Fellhanera with brownish apothecia and 3-septate ascospores.
Infrageneric relationships within Fellhanera are briefly discussed, and notes
on the ecology of the species are provided.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S3597.
Publicación no.: 054 Presencia de Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces: Cichlidae) en
lagunas estacionales del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Costa
Rica / Cabrera-Peña, J.; Ampie, C.L.; Galeano, G. (Universidad Nacional.
Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Heredia 863000, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 38, p. 169-170. 1992.
El Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro (RNVSCN), ubicado en la región
noreste de Costa Rica, es una de las áreas protegidas de vital importancia para
la protección de la flora y de la fauna de los humedales y para el
mantenimiento de la calidad ambiental de la Zona Atlántica Norte, por su papel
regulador de las inundaciones y sostén de caudales de los principales ríos y
caños. No se había comunicado la presencia de Oreochromis en ambientes
naturales de Costa Rica, a pesar de que se introdujeron en 1963 diferentes
especies con fines acuaculturales. O. niloticus ocupó el tercer lugar en cuanto
a abundancia numérica y el segundo en biomas, lo que indica una alta
adaptabilidad de esta especie a los cursos de agua de la zona de Caño Negro. Se
obtuvo un promedio de 1.19±0.25 kg por especimen. Se supone que estos
individuos provienen de pisciculturas rurales, ubicadas en las regiones
aledañas al curso superior medio del Río Frío. En 1989, O. niloticus sólo se
capturaba ocasionalmente en Caño Negro por medio de pesca artesanal. Su
aumento, en 1990, permite inferir que a corto plazo esta especie ocasionará
serios problemas en la conservación de la biota acuáticas de los humedales de
la Zona Norte de Costa Rica, ya que se introducción es permanente debido a sus
hábitos reproductivos, su plasticidad alimenticia y su adaptación a diferentes
medios acuáticos.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 055 A ranching project for freshwater turtles in Costa Rica
[Proyecto de criadero de tortugas de agua dulce en Costa Rica] / Pritchard,
P.C.H. (Florida Audubon Society, 1331 Palmetto Avenue, Suite 110, Winter Park,
FL 32789, US).
In: Chelonian Conservation and Biology (ISSN 1071-8443), v. 1, no. 1, p. 48.
1993.
In September, 1991, I had the opportunity to visit the Caño Negro National
Wildlife Refuge, located beside the Río Frío in Northern Costa Rica, close to
the Nicaraguan border. Río Frío is an affluent of Lake Nicaragua, and is the
habitat of the newly described cooter subspecies Pseudemys scripta emolli
Legler, 1990, now generally referred to the genus Trachemys. The water was
high, but in the course of the boat trip from Los Chiles to Caño Negro we saw a
number of basking turtles-mostly large females. Within the Refuge itself there
is a substantial human population, and a turtle ranching program devised by
Jorge Cabrera of the Universidad Nacional, based upon the collection and
artificial incubation of eggs from the wild. Thirty percent of the hatchings
are released, and the remainder sold in Costa Rican pet shops, where they are
apparently more attractive and less expensive than the imported Trachemys
scripta elegans traditionally sold. 310 nests were collected in 1991 (the first
season of operation), containing an average of about 20 eggs (range: 12-33).
They are collected within 24 hours of deposition (in part because they are hard
to find later than this), and are reburied in soil in an enclosed area. In
1991, a hatching rate of about 80% was realized. These hatchlings were sold in
San José.
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 83778.
Publicación no.: 056 Trichocintractia, a new genus for Cintractia utriculicola
(Ustilaginales) [Trichocintractia, un nuevo género para Cintractia utriculicola
(Ustilaginales)] / Piepenbring, M. (Universität Tübingen. Institut für Biologie
1. Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik/Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, 72076,
Tübingen, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Canadian Journal of Botany (ISSN 0008-4026), v. 73, no. 7, p. 1089-1096.
1995.
Cintractia utriculicola, which produces sori in the spikelets of Rhynchospora
spp., differs from typical Cintractia species by long sterile cells at the base
of the sorus instead of a mycelial stroma with sporogenous pockets and by a
persistent peridium of spherical cells. While in other Cintractia species the
ornamentation of the teliospores originates at an undulated plasmalemma as an
irregular surface of the exosporium, in Cintractia utriculicola warts develop
on develop on a smooth cell surface and are loosely connected to the
exosporium. A new genus, Trichocintractia, is proposed for Cintractia
utriculicola.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4103.
Publicación no.: 057 A review of the Costa Rican species of Leptoglossus
Guérin, with descriptions of two new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae:
Coreinae: Anisoscelini) [Revisión de las especies costarricenses de
Leptoglossus Guérin, con descripciones de dos nuevas especies (Hemiptera:
Heteroptera: Coreidae: Coreinae: Anisoscelini)] / Brailovsky, H.; Barrera, E.
(UNAM. Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Apdo. Postal 70153,
04510 México, D.F, MX <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (ISSN 0068-547X), v. 50,
no. 6, p. 167-183. 1998.
Two new species of Leptoglossus, L. cartagoensis and L. talamancanus, collected
in Costa Rica are described and illustrated; L. brevirostris Barber, L.
humeralis Allen, L. lineosus (Stål), L. nigropearlei Yonke, L. subauratus
Distant, and L. tetranotatus Brailovsky and Barrera are recorded for the first
time from Costa Rica; new records for L. cinctus (Herrich-Schaeffer), L.
concolor (Walker), L. phyllopus (Linnaeus), and L. zonatus (Dallas) are given;
and a revised key to known species of Leptoglossus from Costa Rica is
presented.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S3587. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 058 Validación de las líneas mejoradas de frijol (Phaseolus
vulgaris L.) MUS133 y MUS181 en la región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica
[Validation of the improved bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines MUS133 and
MUS181 in Northern Costa Rica] / Araya-Villalobos, R.; González-Mora, W.;
Viana, A. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio
Baudrit M, Alajuela, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Boletín Técnico Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit (ISSN 1011-8659), v.
28, no. 2, p. 76-89. 1995.
The study was conducted at Los Chiles, Guatuso and Upala counties, province of
Alajuela, Costa Rica, from November 1994 to February 1995. The improved bean
lines MUS133 and MUS181, wich are tolerant to web-blight, a disease caused by
the fungus Thanatephorus cucumeris, and to low phosphorus were validated. The
lines were evaluated in 27 farms, planting 5 kg of each seed line and the local
variety. The crop management corresponded to the oe practiced by the farmer. A
nested design of the genetic materials within localities was used, the farms
constituted the replications. The area planted with each genetic material was
measured. The information obtained about land and crop management, acceptance
of the new materials, agronomic performance organoleptic characters and
marketing was based on surveys and visits to the farmers. There were no
significant differences among localities, although there were (P¾0.03) among
materials within each locality. In Los Chiles and Guatuso, the improved lies
significantly out-yielded the local varieties, while in Llano Azul and Bijagua
there were no significant differences according to the Tukey test at 5%. The
farmers considered the improved lines as having similar organoleptic characters
as their varieties. The acceptancy was different in the localities. In Los
Chiles, the farmers preferred the line MUS133 for its easiness to mechanize and
thresh; while MUS181 was preferred in Guatuso and Upala. The main problem
claimed by the farmers was the web-blight.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4187.
Publicación no.: 059 Efecto del fósforo y la cal en frijol común (Phaseolus
vulgaris L) en Los Chiles y Pavón de Alajuela, Costa Rica [Effect of phosphorus
and limestone on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Los Chiles and Pavon of
Alajuela, Costa Rica] / Araya-Villalobos, R.; Henríquez-Henríquez, C.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit M,
Alajuela, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Boletín Técnico Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit (ISSN 1011-8659), v.
29, no. 1, p. 13-19. 1996.
An experiment was conducted to determine the response of two common bean
varieties (Brunca and the line MUS=133) to the application of P (80 kg 2O5/ha)
and limestone ().5 or 1.5 t of CaCO3/ha depending on the soil) at two
localities in Northern Costa Rica. The selected sities were Los Chiles and
Pavon, the largest bean producing zones in Costa Rica. The limestone was
applied 22 days after planting (DAP), while the phosphorus was applied on the
bottom of the forrow on the planting day. A Complete Randomized Block
experiment design, with factorial arrangement 2x2x2 (two varities, two doses of
phosphorus and two doses of limestone) and four replications was used. The
experimental plot consisted of 18 m². The evaluated parameters were: grain
weight per plot and per hectare, height of 100 grains. A positive and
significant effect of the evaluated variables was found, due to the P
application on the two varieties, which complies with the state of the soil P
in both localities. Although positive, the response found due the limestone
application was light, which can be partly explained by the mean percentages of
acid saturation of the soil (19 and 12% in Los Chiles and Pavon, respectively).
Only the phosphorus affected grain yield.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4214.
Publicación no.: 060 Guía de los Pimplinae de Costa Rica (Hymenoptera:
Ichneumonidae) [Guide to Pimplinae from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera:
Ichneumonidae)] / Gauld, I.D.; Ugalde-Gómez, J.; Hanson-Snortum, P. (The
Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, GB <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 46, Suppl. 1, p. 1-189.
1998.
A guide to species of Pimplinae from Costa Rica is presented. 184 species, of
which 39 are described as new, distributed in 27 genera, are presented.
Illustrated keys to species are presented. Information about geographical
distribution, altitudinal range and monthly distribution of adults inside Costa
Rica, and hosts are included.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 061 The development of secondary forest on abandoned grazing
areas, using Costa Rica as an example [Desarrollo de bosques secundarios en
zonas de pastoreo abandonadas, usando Costa Rica como un ejemplo] / Fedlmeier,
C. (Georg-August Universität zu Göttingen. Institute for Silviculture,
Göttingen, DE).
In: Plant Research and Development (ISSN 0340-2843), v. 47/48, p. 166-183.
1998.
Debido a la progresiva destrucción de los bosques tropicales, mundialmente el
área de bosques primarios fue reducido drásticamente en las últimas décadas.
Por el contrario, los bosques secundarios originados por sucesión natural
directa después de una tala raza o después del abandono de áreas agrícolas y
ganaderas, aumentaron en términos de superficie. En Costa Rica este proceso
tuvo como consecuencia que los bosques primarios que se encuentran fuera de
áreas protegidas están en forma fragmentada. Los bosques secundarios, por el
contrario, ya ocupan el 9% del área total del país. En el presente trabajo
solamente fueron investigados bosques secundarios que se desarrollaron sin
interferencia alguna por sucesión natural a partir de potreros abandonados. El
objetivo de la presente investigación fue elaborar las bases científicas para
la aplicación de métodos silviculturales de manejo adecuados a los bosques
secundarios. Estudios sobre la composición de especies, la estructura, la
dinámica sobre el crecimiento, sobre las relaciones de competencia, así como el
potencial económico dentro de diferentes estadios sucesionales del bosque
deberían ser las bases para alcanzar dicha meta. Debido a la variable
composición de especies de los bosques secundarios fue también estudiada la
influencia de las fuentes semilleras en dicha composición. A los bosques
secundarios en Costa Rica se les atribuye por lo general muy poca importancia.
Los propietarios de bosques secundarios son vistos como personas que descuidan
sus áreas agrícolas. Pero algunos campesinos dejan sus tierras en barbecho con
total conciencia del efecto en la recuperación de sus áreas agrícolas
("shifting cultivation"). Además de esta propiedad de mejoramiento de los
suelos, el servicio público de aguas de Costa Rica (AyA) utiliza el efecto en
el mejoramiento de la calidad del agua que se produce a través del
establecimiento de la sucesión secundaria sobre áreas agrícolas en barbecho en
cuencas hidrográficas. Para los estudios fueron escogidas dos regiones en la
Zona Norte de Costa Rica. En cada región investigada se estudiaron durante dos
años cinco bosques secundarios de diferentes edades a través de parcelas
permanentes. Para ello, las edades de los bosques secundarios se debían
dispersar en un rango sucesional lo ás amplio posible, a fin de hacer más
evidente la tendencia en el desarrollo de los mismos. Para fines de comparación
y para estimar mejor las tendencias en el desarrollo de los bosques
secundarios, se evaluó también un bosque primario en cada región investigada.
Como área representatitva de muestreo, en cada bosque se inventariaron 2000 m²
como compartimiento A (‗ 5 cm DAP) y 400 m² como compartimiento B (5 cm DAP).
Además fue evaluada la regeneración entre 10 cm y 1,3 cm de altura en 40
subparcelas de 4 m². En los bosques secundarios se efectuaron dos mediciones
con una diferencia de un año entre sí. Dentro del compartimiento A fueron
también incluidos en el muestreo, todos los productos no maderables con algún
valor conocido en el mercado local, sin tomar en cuenta límites en su altura o
diámetro. Los levantamientos dasométricos muestras que los bosques secundarios
de 12 a 18 años de edad ya pueden alcanzar valores de área basal de bosques
primarios ubicados en sitios comparables. Pero en el desarrollo volumétrico,
estos bosques secundarios recién alcanzaron el 40-50% del nivel de los bosques
primarios. El incremento corriente medido durante dos años es bastante alto.
Solamente plantaciones con especies de rápido crecimiento, en sitios aptos y
con los respectivos tratamientos silviculturales superan dichos rendimientos en
crecimiento. Las distribuciones del número de individuos por clase diamétrica y
de área basal de los bosques secundarios estudiados ofrecen una buena idea
sobre los procesos dinámicos de crecimiento. Las distribuciones del número de
individuos por clase diamétrica y de área basal de los bosques secundarios
estudiados ofrecen una buena idea sobre los procesos dinámicos de crecimiento.
A través de la distribución del número de individuos se pudo observar cómo la
primera clase de 5 cm de DAP es ocupada continuamente en los primeros años de
la sucesión promedios de los llamados ingresos. Luego llega a su nivel más alto
para posteriormente aumentar de nuevo, debido al fuerte incremento de la
competencia y del paso de individuos a las siguientes clases diamétricas.
Gráficamente se puede observar cómo al aumentar la edad las clases diamétricas
mayores se van poblando lentamente. Las distribuciones de los bosques primarios
investigados permiten gráficamente incluirlos como el último eslabón faltante
dentro de la cadena de sucesión natural del bosque secundario. Como conclusión
para la práctica forestal, la capacidad de regeneración de la sucesión
secundaria a partir de suelos agrícolas degradados hasta un bosque natural, es
de gran importancia. En especial el contexto social y político va a ser
decisivo para llevar esto a la práctica. Trabajos en extensión activa,
seminarios de capacitación para distintos grupos meta, consultoría calificada,
publicidad e informaciones de prensa pueden resaltar la importancia de los
bosques secundarios en todos los niveles de decisión. El mantenimiento de la
productividad, de la diversidad y del gran potencial económico a largo plazo
dependerá en el futuro de la disponibilidad de fuentes semilleras naturales. La
continuación de la destrucción de dichas fuentes semilleras traería como
consecuencia la degeneración ecológica y económica de los bosques secundarios
formados. Los bosques secundarios evaluados ofrecen buenas condiciones para un
manejo sostenible y económicamente rentable, pero para ello el personal debería
ser debidamente capacitado. Una dificultad para el manejo rentable podría ser
el área reducida que en varios casos presentan los bosques secundarios.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: P.
Publicación no.: 062 Lista preliminar de líquenes foliícolas de las principales
áreas protegidas de Costa Rica [Preliminary checklist of foliicolous lichens of
the principal areas of Costa Rica] / Lücking, R. (Universität Bayreuth.
Lehrstuhl für Pflanzensystematic, D-95447 Bayreuth, DE <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 43-44, p. 39-46. 1995.
An preliminary checklist of foliicolous lichens of the principal protected
areas of Costa Rica is presented. 282 species in 52 genera are involved,
distributed among 19 seleted areas of different protection status (national
parks, biological reserves, national wildlife refuges, forest reserves,
national monuments and private protection zones). The following areas are most
important for the protection of foliicolous lichens: Braulio Carrillo National
Park, Carara Biological Reserve, Chirripo National Park, Cocos Island National
Park, Corcovado National Park, Hitoy Cerere Biological Reserve, La Selva
Protection Zone, and Tortuguero National Park.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S3592.
Publicación no.: 063 Diagnósticos participativos comunitarios y desarrollo
rural / Campos-González, L.M.; Robinson-Davis, W.
Seminario "Desarrollo Rural Sostenible: Avances y Perspectivas", Coronado CROct
1995.
San José: Editorial Porvenir, 1997. p. 213-223. ISBN: 9968-764-07-8.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: 333.716063 S471 1995.
Publicación no.: 064 Liberación de ascosporas de Mycosphaerella citri, agente
causal de la mancha grasienta en naranja y resistencia de M. citri al benomil
en Los Chiles, Costa Rica / Hidalgo-Alvarez, H.; Sutton, T.B.; Arauz-Cavallini,
L.F.; Bertsch-Hernández, F, (ed.).; Badilla, W, (ed.).; García-González, J.E,
(ed.). (North Carolina State University. Department of Plant Pathology,
Raleigh, NC 27695-7609, US <E-mail: [email protected]>)./ Colegio de
Ingenieros Agrónomos / Asociación Costarricense de Fitopatólogos / Asociación
Costarricense de la Ciencia del Suelo, San José, CR.
Congreso Nacional Agronómico y de Recursos Naturales X / Congreso Nacional de
Fitopatología III / Congreso Nacional de Suelos II. (¿Puede la agricultura
sostenible ser competitiva?). Memoria. , San José.
CR. 8-12 Jul 1996.
San José: EUNED/EUNA, 1996. v. 2, p. 82. ISBN: 9977-64-863-8.
Se estudió el patrón de liberación de ascosporas de Mycosphaerella citri,
agente causal de la mancha grasienta de los cítricos, en dos plantaciones de
naranja por un período de dos años en Los Chiles, Costa Rica. El patrón de
liberación de esporas estuvo siempre fuertemente asociado a la distribución
estacional de las lluvias en esta región. Las primeras ascosporas fueron
generalmente atrapadas en la segunda quincena de mayo o la primera quincena de
mayo coincidiendo con el incremento de la precipitación. En ambos años, el
número de ascosporas se incrementó rápidamente a través de mayo, alcanzó su
máximo en la primer quincena de junio y luego descendió rápidamente en julio
para mantenerse a niveles bajos por el resto del año. La mayoría de las esporas
fueron capturadas en un período de 6-8 semanas. Se observaron dos patrones
principales de liberación de esporas. Uno asociado con la precipitación
caracterizado por la liberación de grandes cantidades de esporas al iniciar la
lluvia, a menudo persistente por varias horas después de haber finalizado la
lluvia. Un segundo patrón de liberación fue asociado con el rocío, el cual
provocó también grandes liberaciones de esporas cuando el rocío era más intenso
(2:00-7:00 am). No se encontró ninguna relación entre datos de lluvia y la
fecha en que ocurre la máxima de liberación de ascosporas. Similarmente no se
encontró una relación consistente entre el porcentaje semanal de hojas en
diferentes estados de descomposición y la captura semanal de ascosporas que
pudiera ser utilizado para predecir el período de máxima descarga de
ascosporas. Sin embargo, el número total de hojas en el suelo de la plantación
puede ser utilizado para predecir el total de esporas atrapadas. Se realizó
además un muestreo de 18 plantaciones comerciales de cítricos y seis
plantaciones caseras de naranja con el fin de determinar la sensibilidad de
aislamientos de M. citri a benomyl. Solamente 13 muestras produjeron
suficientes ascosporas para determinar su sensibilidad a benomyl. Doce de las
muestras representan una área de aproximadamente 4000 ha de cítricos de la
región norte de Costa Rica y una representa una plantación casera de Orosi
localizada a aproximadamente 300 km del área citrícola de la región norte.
Todos los aislamientos de la región norte produjeron ascosporas resistentes a
benomyl. Por el contrario 99 por ciento de las esporas obtenidas de Orosi
fueron sensibles a benomyl sugiriendo que la población natural de M. citri es
sensible a benomyl. Se propone como hipótesis que los aislamientos resistentes
fueron introducidos en material de vivero. Más de un 75 por ciento de las
plantaciones muestreadas obtuvieron su material de siembra del mismo vivero,
donde el programa de control de enfermedades incluye cinco aplicaciones de
benomyl por año. Además, los 10 aislamientos de M. citri obtenidos de dicho
vivero resultaron resistentes a benomyl.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: 630.97286 C749 1996.
Publicación no.: 065 Proyecto Uso Sustentable del Caimán, 12 de Diciembre 1992
(segundo informe de avance) / Wade, E.J. (Ministerio de Recursos Naturales,
Energía y Minas. Dirección General de Vida Silvestre, San José, CR).
San José: MIRENEM, 1994. 50 p.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: 333.957 J95.
Publicación no.: 066 Plan de manejo de
Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro:
sostenible del humedal / Grupo Técnico
San José: Grupo Técnico Ambiental S.A,
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa
los recursos naturales del Refugio
una estrategia para el desarrollo
Ambiental S.A, San José, CR.
1994. 176 p.
Orton: 333.918 P699.
Publicación no.: 067 A birders guide to Costa Rica [Guía para pajareros en
Costa Rica] / Taylor, K.
San José: World Wildlife Fund, 1990. 167 p.
Picture graceful, tall mountains, their tips wreathed in clouds, their slopes
enveloped by majestic trees; imagine sprawling inland valleys of lush green
meadows with rushing rivers and arching waterfalls; aquamarine water lapping
glistening beaches; balmy breezes cascading over the stunning plateaus, and
down below the dense jungle whitens in a blanket of mist and steam; conjure upa
vision of a population whose smiles reveal their inner happiness and pride in
their land, Costa Rica. Costa Rica, with a land mass of about 19,700 square
miles (comparable with West Virginia's) has produced 855 bird species, more
than all of North America. The avifauna are predominantly neotropical, with the
majority native species of South American origin and a smaller percentage of
Mexican and Northern Central American origin. More than 8,000 species of higher
plants live in this tropical showcase; 1,700 species of Costa Rican orchids
have been classified. Among its 237 species of mammals are three-toed sloths,
four species of monkeys, giant anteaters, tapirs, peccaries, jaguars, and
humpback whales. Costa Rica, "The Switzerland of Central America", is both a
tourist's delight and a birders paradise. It is a small, stable country, with
friendly and hospitable people, a prosperous middle class, fine educational
system and good hospitals. There is a high standard of health, and one does not
have to worry about sanitation, food, or water, as in neighbouring countries.
(Introduction part).
Localización: Biblioteca del BIODOC: 98.297.286 T238b.
Publicación no.: 068 A note on the population status and exploitation of
Pseudemys scripta emolli (Reptilia: Emydidae) in northern Costa Rica [Una nota
sobre estado de la población y explotación de Pseudemys scripta emolli
(Reptilia: Emydidae) en el norte de Costa Rica] / Mora-Benavides, J.M.;
Ugalde-Chavarría, A. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología, San José,
CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society (ISSN 0009-3564), v. 26, no.
5, p. 111. 1991.
Pseudemys scripta emolli is a recently described (Legler, 1990) aquatic
neotropical slider, which as yet has been little studied. The only intense
study on a Pseudentys scripta subspecies that occurs in Costa Rica was
conducted in Panama by Moll and Legler (1971). In Caño Negro (northern Costa
Rica) P. s. emolli is abundant and seems to be heavily exploited. It is locally
known as ñoca. The village of Caño Negro adjacent to the Caño Negro National
Wildlife Refuge, which consists of swamps and marshlands and includes Lake Caño
Negro (800 ha), a seasonal spill-off site for the Rio Frío (Boza, 1988). Some
people live within the refuge limits. There are other swamps and lagoons
adjacent to the refuge that are close to the village. In March and April of
1987 we gathered some preliminary information on density, mortality and human
consumption of ñocas in Caño Negro. We gathered ñoca information from field
data and from conversations with villagers, We walked through several wetlands,
including Lake Caño Negro, the Rio Frío and the San Sebastián Lagoon. We
estimated turtle density only at San Sebastián Lagoon but, in general, turtle
density seemed to be similar in all of these areas. We established four 20 x 20
m nonadjacent plots at San Sebastián Lagoon and counted all turtles found in
these plots on two consecutive days. On a 50 m wide strip of land between the
lagoon and the river, we established a quadrat 150 m long and counted all dead
turtles (we did not find live turtles in this plot). Our census led us to a
density of 1475 turtles/ha (58.7 ± 28.6 turtles/400 m², n = 8). These field
observations were conducted during the dry season ("summer," February-May), a
time when Lake Caño Negro almost disappears, leaving behind only a few small
pools (Bone, 1988). Most lagoons probably disappear as well. Therefore, turtles
were presumably highly concentrated, resulting in a high density estimate.
Turtle mortality is apparently high In Caño Negro. We found two adults, two
subadults and four juveniles recently dead in the 7500 m² quadrat. Causes of
death could not be determined. Caño Negro villagers think that the main cause
of turtle mortality is raccoon predation and suggest that turtles are
susceptible to predation during the nesting period. Villagers mentioned that
during egg laying, the turtles are attacked by raccoons which grab them by the
cloacal region. We found many turtles apparently killed by the raccoons in the
nesting areas. We did not directly observe raccoons killing turtles but we
found tracks at many sites beside dead turtles. Also, raccoon tracks were found
near predated nests. However, we found no evidence that the dead males and
juveniles we encountered had been killed by predators. Consumption of ñocas in
Caño Negro is probably high throughout the year because of the poor economic
condition of these people and because ñoca meat is highly appreciated by
villagers. They said that consumption is higher during the summer when turtles
contain eggs which people like to use to decorate the dish. Additionally,
people look for nests and take whole clutches to eat, even if the eggs contain
embryos. Villagers said that Guatuzo Indians are the main "problem" for the
turtles because they take up to 300 adults during each visit to Caño Negro
(their village is relatively far away, but they travel the Rio Frío by canoe to
Caño Negro. We do not know how many times each year the Indians visit Caño
Negro. A Caño Negro neighbor told us that Guatuzo Indians eat turtle meat all
the time and not just for the "holy week" This is an interesting
anthropological issue because other Mesoamerican Indians consume "special
meats" only for "special occasions' (S. Cornelius, pers. com.). Pseudemys
scripta emolli is important not only biologically, but also as a food source
for the people of Caño Negro and for the Guatuzo Indians. Several factors
demand immediate study to evaluate the best exploitation alternatives. Some
factors that should be determined are (1) causes of mortality (e.g., raccoon
predation), (2) seasonal densities, (3) reproductive success, and (4) the
availability of food and suitable habitat during the dry and wet seasons. An
estimation of harvest size and hunting season should be a primary objective of
such studies; conservation concerns should also be included.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S8783.
Publicación no.: 069 I. Cambios fisiográficos en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre
Caño Negro, Alajuela, Costa Rica y sus posibles efectos en la población de
Trachemys scripta (Testudines: Emydidae). II. Selección del hábitat de
anidación modificado experimentalmente para Trachemys scripta (Testudines:
Emydidae) en la Laguna San Sebastián, Caño Negro, Costa Rica. III. Inundación
estacional y preferencia altitudinal de Trachemys scripta (Testudines:
Emydidae) para anidación en La Laguna San Sebastián, Caño Negro, Costa Rica /
Ruiz, G.A.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 1994. 60 p.
Tesis, Maestría en Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Universidad Nacional, Programa
Regional en Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Heredia (Costa Rica).
Artículo I: Los humedales son los que tienen más corta vida de los ecosistemas
con características frágiles. Su integridad estructural y funcional dependen
del flujo de agua y nutrientes. Las modificaciones en la cobertura de la cuenca
hidrográfica inducen cambios considerables en la riqueza de especies y en la
productividad de los humedales asociados a ella. En los últimos 40 años en la
cuenca del Río Frío hubo un proceso de colonización humana y deforestación que
podría provocar cambios en el complejo lagunar del Refugio de Vida Silvestre de
Caño Negro al alterarse el flujo de nutrientes, la sedimentación y la
colonización vegetal. En este trabajo analizaré algunos cambios fisiográficos
observados en las fotografías aéreas de este complejo lagunar entre 1961 y 1987
con el auxilio de información complementaria de los residentes más antigüos del
lugar. También identificaré los cambios en el paisaje, que, según la literatura
sobre I. scripta, podrían influir sobre las poblaciones locales de esta
especie. Artículo II: Trachemys scrypta es una especie de tortuga
predominantemente acuática del Nuevo Mundo. Para anidar excava en la tierra por
la noche, de preferencia en áreas de vegetación abierta. Se sugiere que con tal
preferencia la tortuga encuentra pocas raíces que dificultan su excavación, y
logra mayor exposición de los nidos a la luz solar, al menos durante alguna
parte del día. En el área del río Chagres, Panamá, la mayor concentración de
nidos ocurrió en áreas desarboladas por el hombre. Sin embargo, no encontré
información sobre cuál tipo de cobertura herbácea es preferida por las tortugas
dentro de los hábitats desarbolados. Las áreas de mayor anidación de I. scripta
en los humedales de Caño Negro son conocidas por los pobladores locales quienes
han consumido sus huevos y los han comercializado a pequeña escala antes que el
área fuera legalmente protegida. Según ellos, estas áreas están en los
alrededores de la Laguna San Sebastián, sobre bancos sedimentarios, angostos,
sujetos a inundación estacional con menos de 30 años de antigüedad. En este
trabajo pretendí evaluar la influencia de diferentes tipos de cobertura vegetal
en las densidades y en las tasas de eclosión de los nidos. Artículo III:
Trachemys scripta es una especie de tortuga predominantemente acuática del
Nuevo Mundo, representada por 17 ó 18 subespecies, de las cuales al menos 12 se
encuentran en Mesoamérica. La subespecie presente en el Refugio de Vida
Silvestre Caño Negro corresponde a T. s. emolly, de la cuenca de los Grandes
Lagos de Nicaragua y sus drenajes adyacentes en Costa Rica. Sus patrones
reproductivos son muy similares en las poblaciones de Panamá, Colombia,
Venezuela, México, Nicaragua y Belice, con un período de incubación variando
entre 71 a 85 días y un promedio de 80 días bajo condiciones naturales. Para
anidar excava en la tierra por la noche, de preferencia en áreas de vegetación
abierta. Otras variables relacionadas con mayores densidades de nidos a orillas
del Golfo de Gamboa, Panamá, son el alto grado de pendiente y la cercanía al
agua. Las áreas de mayor anidación de I. scripta en los humedales de Caño Negro
son bien conocidas por los pobladores locales porque han consumido sus huevos y
los han comercializado a pequeña escala antes que el área fuera legalmente
protegida. Según ellos estas áreas están en los alrededores de la laguna San
Sebastián, sobre bancos sedimentarios, angostos, sujetos a inundación
estacional, los que tienen menos de 30 años de antigüedad. En este trabajo
pretendí evaluar las preferencias de altura, para la anidación en relación al
tiempo de incubación, en función de las crecidas estacionales en las reducidas
dimensiones de los hábitats de anidación.
Localización: Biblioteca del BIODOC: Tesis 1541.
Publicación no.: 070 Taxonomic studies in foliicolous species of the genus
Porina (lichenized Ascomycotina: Trichotheliaceae) - II. The Porina epiphylla
group [Estudios taxonómicos de las especies foliícolas del género Porina
(líquenes Ascomycotina: Trichotheliaceae) - II. El grupo epifílico Porina] /
Lücking, R.; Vêzda, A. (Universität Bayreuth. Lehrstuhl für Pflanzensystematic,
D-95447 Bayreuth, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Wildenowia (ISSN 0511-9618), v. 28, p. 181-225. 1998.
The taxonomy of foliicolous representatives of the Porina epiphylla group is
revised. As a result of our studies of world-wide material, a more subtle
species concept within the Porina epiphylla aggregate, i.e. species with
7-septate ascospores, is given. Thallus structure, perithecial morphology and
development, and ascospore shape and size proved to be most valuable for
species delimitation. A key to all known foliicolous species of the Porina
epiphylla group, including facultatively foliicolous taxa, is presented. Eight
species and one variety are described as new to science: Porina andreana, P.
atropunctata, P. guianensis, P. mazosioides, P. minutissima, P. mirabilis, P.
subepiphylla, P. subnucula, and P. lucida var. australiensis. The combination
Porina foliicola (Bas.: Clathroporina foliicola) is formally proposed. P.
radiata is introduced as a new name for the illegitimate younger homonym P.
rugosa. Porina atriceps is reinstated as an autonomous species, and P.
multiseptata is reduced to synonymy with P. virescens. P. distans is a sterile
taxon, which most probably belongs to one of the several species in the genus
producing cylindrical isidia, but cannot be identified at present. Notes on the
distribution and ecology of the species are given, and the systematics and
evolution of the group is outlined.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4016.
Publicación no.: 071 A new nesting record for the Jabiru in Costa Rica [Un
nuevo registro de anidamiento para el jabirú en Costa Rica] / Villarreal-Orias,
J.A. (Universidad Nacional. Programa Regional en Manejo de Vida Silvestre,
Apartado Postal 27-1007, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Colonial Waterbirds (ISSN 0738-6028), v. 21, no. 2, p. 256-257. 1998.
I document the first nesting record of the Jabiru (Jabiru mycteria) in "Los
Guatuzos" forest floodplain, Alajuela province, Costa Rica. The active nest was
located in March 1995 at 10 degrees 49'23.70" N and 84 degrees 47'23.20" W. The
nest was 16 m high in a 23 m high silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) and
contained three chicks. The zone is not protected and anti active lumbering is
underway.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4838. Biblioteca del BIODOC: 598.292.4 C.
Publicación no.: 072 Plynops, a peculiar new genus and ten new species in the
tribe Euphorini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae) [Plynops, un peculiar
nuevo género y diez nuevas especies en la tribu Euphorini (Hymenoptera:
Braconidae: Euphorinae)] / Shaw, S.R. (University of Wyoming. Department of
Plant, Soil, and Insect Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071-3354, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Journal of Hymenoptera Research (ISSN 1070-9428), v. 5, p. 166-183. 1996.
Plynops Shaw, a new genus in the tribe Euphorini, is described and illustrated.
The genus is characterized by bizarre modifications of the female head, which
are hypothesized to be adaptations for host manipulation. The phylogenetic
affinities of the genus are examined and a sister-group relationship with
Cryptoxilos Viereck is hypothesized. Ten new species of Plynops are described:
braziliensis, carinatus, edwardi, falcatus, hansoni, masoni, megakephalos,
minutus, pilatus, and riedeni. A key to species is given, and phylogenetic
relationships among the species are briefly discussed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4430. NBINA-2160.
Publicación no.: 073 Capacitación de agricultores de subsistencia en el uso de
métodos no químicos para el control de insectos durante el almacenamiento de
maíz / Zeledón-Grau, M.E.; Molina-Arias, R.; García-León, V.E. (Universidad de
Costa Rica. Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS) y Escuela
de Fitotecnia, Facultad de Agronomía, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Memoria. Jornadas de Investigación 1997
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, 1997.
Se evaluó un método no químico para el control de insectos durante el
almacenamiento de maíz a nivel de pequeños agricultores, en las zonas de
Orotina y Jicaral. El método consiste en guardar el maíz en un estañón abierto
y regularmente asolear y cribar el grano durante el período de almacenamiento.
De los tratamientos evaluados, se determinó que asolear y cribar cada cuatro o
cinco semanas era suficiente para mantener los insectos y los hongos a un nivel
enteramente satisfactorio durante 6 meses. Estos dos tratamientos se validaron
en el Cantón de Los Chiles, por ser una zona crítica para el almacenamiento de
granos y se encontró que aplicando este método cada 4 semanas se lograba un
mejor control de los insectos. Debido a la aceptación que se tuvo por parte de
los agricultores, se decidió establecer una etapa de capacitación dirigida a un
grupo de pequeños productores que acostumbran almacenar maíz para el
autoconsumo y actualmente se está iniciando la divulgación del método en
diferentes comunidades de Los Chiles.
Localización: Biblioteca Carlos Monge A.: Este es el resumen completo.
Publicación no.: 074 Estado actual de los sistemas de manejo posproducción de
granos básicos en el Cantón de Los Chiles / Molina-Arias, R.; García-León, V.E.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Agronomía y Centro de Investigaciones
en Granos y Semillas, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Memoria. Jornadas de Investigación 1997
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, 1997.
Se aplicó una encuesta en el Cantón de Los Chiles, Alajuela, entre diciembre de
1996 y febrero de 1997, a 64 productores de granos básicos, con el fin de
recolectar información sobre los sistemas de producción y aspectos
socioeconómicos de las fincas. Se encontró que el 95,3% de los productores
encuestados poseen fincas propias y un 82,8% son de topografía plana. El 10,9%
de las fincas corresponde a extensiones de 0 a 5 ha, el 32,8% de 5,1 a 10 ha y
el 56,3% a explotaciones de más de 10 ha.. A la producción de arroz se dedican
el 64%, a frijol el 95,3 %, a maíz el 82,8 %, a raíces y tubérculos el 64, 1 %,
a la actividad pecuaria el 51,5% y a forestales el 18,8%. Las actividades
relacionadas con la producción de arroz y frijol se realizan en forma
mecanizada, con excepción del desgrane de frijol. En maíz predominan las
actividades manuales. Las prácticas de secar al sol y de almacenar son bastante
comunes entre los agricultores de frijol y de maíz, mientras que en arroz la
frecuencia de utilización disminuye significativamente. En cuanto a la venta
del grano, el 75% venden su producción de arroz, el 93,4% la de frijol y el
88,9% la de maíz. Unicamente el 36% reportó haber recibido asistencia técnica y
el 28% de los agricultores pertenecen a alguna organización gremial.
Localización: Biblioteca Carlos Monge A.: Este es el resumen completo.
Publicación no.: 075 Avance de los resultados del estudio: curvas preliminares
de índice de sitio y factores de sitio asociados con el crecimiento del
Eucalyptus deglupta Blume para la Región Huetar Norte, Costa Rica /
Chavarría-Espinoza, M.I. (Ministerio del Ambiente y Energía. Comisión Nacional
de Extensión Forestal, San José, CR).
Taller Nacional de Investigación Forestal y Agroforestal. III. Memoria, Cañas
CR14-16 Nov 1995.
Cañas, 1995. p. 172-177.
El estudio se realizó en la Región Huetar Norte caracterizada por presentar
zonas de vida de bosques tropical húmedos y muy húmedos y bosques premontanos
muy húmedos. Se establecieron 50 parcelas cuadradas de 8 x 8 árboles en donde
se midieron las variables del rodal: altura total, DAP, altura de copa viva,
diámetro de copa viva y se registraron factores químicos, físicos y
fisiográficos a partir de las cuales se obtuvieron las curvas de índices de
sitio, una clasificación práctica de las plantaciones por clases de sitio y la
productividad por clases de sitio bajas, medias y altas, para la especie. El
modelo que describe el índice de sitio para Eucalyptus deglupta con respecto a
estos factores servirá como herramienta para la selección de sitios para la
reforestación con esta especie a nivel regional.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: 634.9097286063 T147 1995.
Publicación no.: 076 Evaluación de la inoculación con tres cepas seleccionadas
de Rhizobium leguminosarum Bv. phaseoli en frijol común / Acuña-Navarro, O.;
Uribe-Lorio, L. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigaciones
Agronómicas, Ciudad Universitaria, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
Reunión Anual del PCCMCA. 39a, Guatemala GT28 Mar. - 2 Abr. 1993.
Guatemala: PCMCAA, 1993. p. 150.
In field trials in 1992 at 2 sites in Costa Rica, a total of 3 Phaseolus
vulgaris cultivars were inoculated at each site with 3 strains of R.
leguminosarum biovar. phaseoli selected for promising performance the previous
year. At Puriscal, cv. Talamanca and at Los Chiles, cv. Brunca and cv. Criolla
inoculated with the Costa Rican strain CR-477 gave significantly higher
aboveground weight and nodulation at stage R7 and higher seed yields than
plants inoculated with other strains. Seed yields following inoculation with
strain CR-477 were similar at Los Chiles and significantly higher in cv.
Talamanca at Puriscal than those following application of 150 kg N/ha as urea.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: 633.063 P964m 1993.
Publicación no.: 077 Validación de las líneas mejoradas de frijol (Phaseolus
vulgaris L.) MUS133 Y MUS181 en la Región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica
[Validation of the improved bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines MUS133 and
MUS181 in Northern Costa Rica] / Araya-Villalobos, R.; González-Mora, W.;
Viana, A. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio
Baudrit M, Alajuela, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Agricultor Costarricense, v. 55, no. 1-3, p. 25-33. 1998.
El estudio se llevó a cabo en Los Chiles, Guatuso y Upala, cantones de la
provincia de Alajuela, durante los meses de noviembre de 1994 a febrero de
1995. Se validaron las Iíneas mejoradas de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
MUS133 y MUS181, tolerantes a la mustia hilachosa, enfermedad causada por el
hongo Thanatephorus cucumeris y al bajo fósforo. Las líneas se evaluaron en
veintisiete fincas de agricultores quienes sembraron 5 kg de semilla de cada
línea y la variedad local; el manejo del cultivo correspondió al acostumbrado
por el agricultor. Se emple6 el diseño anidado de materiales genéticos dentro
de localidades; las fincas constituyeron las repeticiones. En cada finca se
midió el área sembrada de cada material genético. Con base en visitas y
encuestas a los agricultores, se obtuvo informaci6n acerca del manejo del
terreno y del cultivo, así como de la aceptaci6n de los nuevos materiales,
comportamiento agronómico, características organolépticas y venta del producto.
No hubo diferencias significativas del rendimiento entre las localidades; pero
sí ]as hubo (P=0,03) entre los materiales dentro de cada localidad. En Los
Chiles y Guatuso, las líneas mejoradas superaron significativamente en
rendimiento a las variedades locales; mientras que en Llano Azul y Bijagua, no
se presentaron diferencias significativas según la prueba de Tukey 596. De
acuerdo a las características organolépticas, las ñíneas mejoradas fueron
consideradas por los agricultores como similares a las de sus variedadies. La
aceptación fue diferente en las localidades. En Los Chiles se prefirió la línea
MUS133 debido a su facilidad de mecanizacion en la cosecha y la trilla;
mientras que en Guatuso y Upala, se prefiri6 la MUS181. El principal problema
que detectaron los agricultores fue la incidencia de mustia hilachosa
(Thanatephorus cucumeris).
Publicación no.: 078 Key areas for threatened birds in the Neotropics [Areas
claves para aves amenazadas en los Neotrópicos] / Wege, D.C.; Long, A.J.
Cambridge: BirdLife International, 1995. p. 155-161. (BirdLife Conservation
Series; no. 5).
ISBN: 1-56098-529-1.
Costa Rica, like neighbouring Panama, is part of the land-bridge between the
very different avifaunas of North and South America, and in consequence a
disproportionately large number of bird species, c.850, have been recorded from
this small country (50,900 km²) and its territorial waters including Cocos
Island. The species total includes c.600 permanent residents and more than 200
regular migrants (primarily from breeding areas in North America). Six species
are endemic to the country, 78 have restricted ranges and four are threatened.
This analysis has identified 14 Key Areas for the threatened birds in Costa
Rica. THREATENED BIRDS: Four Costa Rican species were considered at risk of
extinction by Collar et al. (1992), one of which, Amazilia boucardi, is
confined to the country. Both A. boucardi and Carpodectes antoniae are
dependent on mangroves, the other two threatened birds (and C. antoniae, at
least seasonally) relying on wet forest. All four are found primarily in the
lowland tropical zone (0-500 in), with Cephalopterus glabricollis breeding in
the subtropical zone (up to 2,000 in), and all four are threatened by loss of
habitat. The distributions of these four threatened birds and their
relationship to Endemic Bird Areas are shown in Figure 1. KEY AREAS: The 14
Costa Rican Key Areas would, if adequately protected, help ensure the
conservation of all four of the country's threatened species-always accepting
that important new populations and areas may yet be found. Eight of these areas
are important for two threatened birds, although each Key Area is vitally
important for the conservation of the threatened species and habitats that it
supports. Just one threatened bird, Amazilia boucardi, is endemic to Costa
Rica, and is thus totally reliant for its survival on the integrity of the
mangroves in the seven Key Areas from which it is known. Although Cephalopterus
glabricollis appears to be well represented in Costa Rican Key Areas, these are
primarily within its breeding grounds, and the species remains relatively
exposed when in its winter quarters. The large number of Key Areas selected for
Amazilia boucardi and Carpodectes antoniae reflects the importance that each of
these areas potentially has for the continued survival of the two species. KEY
AREA PROTECTION: Costa Rica has placed more than 8% of its territory in
National Parks and equivalent Reserves, and indeed eight (57%) of the Key Areas
currently have some form of protected status, four as National Parks or
Biological Reserves (IUCN categories I and II). Outside Costa Rica's protected
areas, however, the natural habitats and birds are increasingly threatened, and
it is even questionable whether the Parks and Reserves will survive as pressure
on the land becomes more intense. Thus, effective management is required of
activities undertaken within protected Key Areas, but for the six Key Areas
(43% of the total) that are currently unprotected attention in the form of
appropriate conservation measures is perhaps more urgent if the populations of
their threatened species are to survive. All four threatened species are
present within at least two protected Key Areas. RECENT CHANGES TO THE
THREATENED LIST: With the publication of Collar et al. (1994), seven species
(Military Macaw Ara militaris, Cocos Cuckoo Coccyzus ferrugineus, Turquoise
Cotinga Cotinga ridgwayi, Three-wattled Bellbird Procnias tricarunculata, Cocos
Flycatcher Nesotriccus ridgwayi, Cocos Finch Pinaroloxias inornata and
Blackcheeked Ant-tanager Habia atrimaxillaris) were added to the Costa Rican
threatened species list, with Keel-billed Motmot Electron carinatum being
relegated to Near Threatened status; the additional species have not, however,
been included in the Site Inventory. Three of these recently added species are
endemic to Cocos Island and were reclassified (on the basis of new criteria)
owing to their ranges being less than 100 km². With three threatened species in
such a small area, Cocos Island, which is not currently covered in the Key Area
analysis, should in future be considered a high priority for bird conservation.
With the exception of Ara militaris (which may be sympatric with Cephalopterus
glabricollis during the non-breeding season), the mainland species added in
Collar et al. (1994) are each broadly sympatric with the species considered in
this analysis, and thus will not have any major impact on the Key Area
analysis, although each species should be considered in future conservation
strategies or initiatives. OLD RECORDS AND LITTLE-KNOWN BIRDS: Each of the four
threatened species has been relatively regularly and recently (1980s and 1990s)
recorded from Costa Rica. However, this disguises the fact that each bird
remains poorly known. The status, population and even the distribution of
Amazilia boucardi, for example, are poorly known, both within the Key Areas and
in mangrove areas where its presence is to be expected (e.g. CR 09 Río Sierpe
and CR 14 Río Coto). The ecological requirements of Carpodectes antoniae,
especially those related to seasonal movements and breeding, are essentially
unknown, but urgently need elucidation if its conservation is to be assured.
Likewise, Cephalopterus glabricollis migrates to the Caribbean lowlands outside
the breeding season, but very few precise areas are currently known. OUTLOOK:
Each of the 14 Key Areas in Costa Rica would, if adequately protected, help
ensure the survival of the country's four threatened species. The guaranteed
integrity of the areas currently under some form of protection is essential,
but increasing this protection to currently unprotected Key Areas such as those
supporting two threatened species would increase the likelihood of long-term
survival for each species. Therefore, the protection of at least Volcán Tenorio
and Bijagua (CR 02), Parrita-Palo Seco (CR 08) and Puerto Jiménez (CR 12) would
be desirable. Surveys are urgently required to determine the status,
distribution and ecological requirements of Amazilia boucardi and Carpodectes
antoniae, both within the appropriate Key Areas and in as-yet-unsurveyed
mangroves.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 333.95816 W411k.
Publicación no.: 079 Revisión de las especies del género Paspalum L. (Poaceae:
Panicoideae: Paniceae), grupo Dissecta (s. str.) / Morrone, O.; Vega, A.S.;
Zuloaga, F.O. (Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Casilla de Correo 22, San
Isidro, B1642HYD, AR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Candollea (ISSN 0373-2967), v. 51, no. 1, p. 103-138. 1996.
Six species of group Dissecta of the genus Paspalum L. are treated in this
work. Group Dissecta is defined as perennial plants of low to middle altitudes
which inhabit moist places and have the following characteristics: culms
decumbent, rooting and branching at the lower nodes, blades flat,
linear-lanceolate to linear, inflorescences with several to many persistent
racemes, rachis of the racemes foliaceous, spikelets uniseriate or biseriate,
obovoid to ellipsoid, with the upper glume and lower lemma subequal,
2-5-nerved, and upper anthecium chartaceous or indurated, papillose.
Anatomically the species of group Dissecta are characterized as being Kranz, of
the MS type. Relationships of this group with others of Paspalum, such as
Racemosa, Bonplandiana and Disticha, are discussed. A key to the species, an
anatomical description of the group and photomicrographs, morphological
descriptions and illustrations of the species, as well as distribution maps are
presented.
Localización: Biblioteca Museo Nacional: QK95 C3.
Publicación no.: 080 New species, stage description, and records of Baetodes
(Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Mexico and Central America [Nuevas especies,
descripción del estado y registros de Baetodes (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) de
México y Centroamérica] / Lugo-Ortiz, C.R.; McCafferty, W.P. (Purdue
University. Department of Entomology, W Lafayette, IN 47907, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Entomological News (ISSN 0013-872X), v. 106, no. 2, p. 81-86. 1995.
Baetodes deludens, n.sp., is described from larvae from Costa Rica. Baetodes
pictus is newly described from male and female adults and its range extended to
include Sonora. Baetodes deficiens is newly reported from Sonora and Costa
Rica. Baetodes fuscipes is newly reported from Guatemala. Baetodes longus is
newly reported from Nuevo León. Baetodes noventus and B. fritus are newly
reported from Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S4705.
Publicación no.: 081 Avifauna del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro
/ Hidalgo-Calderón, C.C. (Universidad Nacional. Programa Regional en Manejo de
Vida Silvestre, Apdo. 1350-3000, Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Congreso de Ornitología de Costa Rica. I. Resúmenes, San José CR20-22 de mayo,
1993.
San José: CIPA - MNCR - PRMVS - UNA, 1993. p. 29.
El estudio de la diversidad avifaunística del Refugio Nacional de Vida
Silvestre Caño Negro, se llevó a cabo mediante visitas mensuales de 3 a 4 días
de trabajo de campo, desde febrero de 1991 hasta octubre de 1992. La
información se recopiló utilizando el método de transecto linear y la ruta de
los recorridos fue establecida previamente de tal forma que abarcara la mayor
parte del área de estudio. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron: a)
Conocer la diversidad avifaunística del Refugio. 1 b) Obtener la información
necesaria para elaborar una lista anotada de la avifauna de dicho Refugio. e)
Realizar una estimación de la frecuencia de observación de las diferentes
especies de aves. d) Recopilar información relacionada con los nombres comunes
locales de las aves propias de la región. Durante el trabajo de campo se
observaron 307 especies de aves de las cuales 101 son migratorias. Se
estableció la abundancia relativa de todas las especies observadas y se
documentaron 324 nombres comunes locales.
Localización: Biblioteca del BIODOC: 598.291.728 C749r.
Publicación no.: 082 Clasificación preliminar de calidades de sitio y factores
asociados con el crecimiento del Eucalyptus deglupta Blume para la región
Huetar Norte, Costa Rica / Chavarría-Espinoza, M.I. (Ministerio del Ambiente y
Energía. Comisión Nacional de Extensión Forestal, San José, CR).
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 1996. 88 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura Ingeniería en Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional,
Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y el Mar, Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales,
Heredia (Costa Rica).
El estudio se realizó en la Región Huetar Norte, ubicada entre las coordenadas
geográficas 10°25'y 11°15' latitud Norte y 83°55' y 84°50' longitud Oeste que
abarca los cantones de San Carlos, Los Chiles, Guatuso, el distrito de
Sarapiquí del Cantón de Alajuela, distrito de Río Cuarto del Cantón de Grecia,
distrito de San Isidro de Peñas Blancas del Cantón San Ramón y el Cantón de
Upala, de la Provincia de Alajuela. Se caracteriza por presentar zonas de vida
de bosque tropical húmedo y muy húmedo y bosque premontano muy húmedo; una
temperatura media anual mayor de 24°C y una altitud por debajo de los 600 msnm.
Se establecieron 50 parcelas temporales localizadas de diferentes sitios de la
región. A partir de la edad y la altura dominante, se construyeron las curvas
preliminares de índices de sitio. Se probaron once modelos para encontrar el de
mejor ajuste con los datos reales y el que estima mejor las curvas normales de
crecimiento biológico de esta especie. El modelo seleccionado fue LN (HDOM)=
5.248-3.329 (1 /EDAD)02, con un R2 = 0,32 y un Error Estándar de Estimación de
0,29 m. A partir de la curva guía se construyó una familia de seis curvas
polimórficas (intercepto común) con una edad base de 5 años y rangos entre
curvas de cada 4 m (10, 14, 18, 22, 26 y 30 m). Las curvas de índices de sitio
obtenidas muestran como el modelo seleccionado se adapta gráficamente a la
trayectoria de crecimiento de los datos reales. Tanto en la verificación como
en la validación del modelo, las estadísticas del análisis de residuos fueron
significativas. Se elaboró una clasificación práctica por clases de sitio y de
productividad. Con base en el índice de sitio a los 5 años, las parcelas se
agruparon en tres calidades de sitio: sitios altos (=21 m.), sitios medios (21
a 15 m) y sitios bajos (15m). En términos de productividad en volumen total la
diferencia entre las clases de sitio fue notoria. El incremento medio anual en
la clase baja (III) fue de 4.38 m3/halaño, con una edad promedio para esta
clase de 8.4 años. La clase media (II), tuvo un IMA de 11.66 m3/ha/año con una
edad promedio de 7 años y en la clase alta (I) se obtuvo 28.50 m3/ha/año, con
una edad promedio para esta clase de 9.5 años. La formación de las clases de
sitio sirvió como base para tratar de explicar diferencias entre los factores
de sitio estudiados. De las variables químicas las que mayor correlación
presentaron con el índice de sitio fueron el contenido de calcio (r.
Localización: Biblioteca Joaquín García M.: Tesis 2418. Biblioteca
Conmemorativa Orton: Thesis C512cl.
Publicación no.: 083 Sistemas expertos como herramienta para toma de decisiones
de manejo en sistemas silvopastoriles del trópico húmedo bajo de Costa Rica
[Expert systems as a tool for decision making in the management of
silvopastoral systems in the humid tropics of Costa Rica] / Villafuerte-Zea,
L.E. (Chiapa de Corzo No. 20 CP. 29220, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas,
MX).
Turrialba: CATIE, 1998. 98 p.
Tesis, Mag. Sc, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza,
Turrialba (Costa Rica).
En Costa Rica entre febrero de 1998 y noviembre de 1998 en las localidades de
Río Frío (10° 20' latitud norte) y La Fortuna (10° 28' latitud norte), se
realizó el presente trabajo de tesis que tuvo como objetivo desarrollar un
sistema de expertos para facilitar la toma de decisiones y mejorar el manejo de
los sistemas silvopastoriles del trópico húmedo. Se seleccionaron 11 sitios en
cada localidad de acuerdo a los siguientes criterios: condiciones y manejo de
suelo, composición florística de los pastizales, patrón de distribución,
especies y densidad arbórea. Mediante encuestas se identificó el manejo de las
áreas de pastoreo. Se determinaron los patrones de distribución del componente
arbóreo, la composición florística y rendimiento de las pasturas de acuerdo al
método de rendimiento comparativo y el método de rango de peso seco. con base a
los datos de producción y calidad de pastura en condiciones de sombra, se
estimó la carga animal y producción de leche de cada uno de sistemas
silvopastoriles. Se construyó una base de conocimientos referencial como punto
de partida para elaborar el sistema experto y se definieron árboles de decisión
para determinar nivel de aptitud de los sistemas silvopastoriles en condiciones
de sombra. Los resultados indicaron que el patrón de distribución arbóreo al
azar es el más frecuente (73 por ciento) en las áreas de pastoreo muestreadas.
La sombra reduce el rendimiento de las pasturas al 50 por ciento en Río Frío,
mientras que en La Fortuna solamente 33 por ciento. Condiciones de baja
fertilidad, drenaje deficiente, acidez del suelo, árboles de alta cobertura y
bajo uso de gramíneas mejoradas son características de los sitios muestreados
en Río Frío. En tanto que en La Fortuna los suelos presentan alta fertilidad,
baja acidez, buen drenaje, siendo la presencia de árboles de baja cobertura y
el manejo de pasturas mejoradas una práctica común. El sistema experto indicó
que en Río Frío el 18 por ciento de sitios muestrados son aptos para el
desarrollo de sistemas silvopastoriles bajo sombra, el 9 por ciento
medianamente aptos y el 73 por ciento no aptos. Mientras qu en La Fortuna el
45.5 por ciento son aptos el 36.3 por ciento medianamente apto y solo el 18.2
por ciento no son aptos. La prueba de chi-cuadrado señaló que los resultados
obtenidos por el sistema experto no difieren significativamente de los
obtenidos a través del análisis de la información de campo, lo cual sugiere que
el sistema experto puede utilizarse como una herramienta útil para facilitar la
toma de decisiones y mejorar el manejo de sistemas silvopastoriles bajo sombra.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5626.
Publicación no.: 084 Sekundärwaldentwicklung auf aufgegebenen Weideflächen im
Norden Costa Ricas [The development of secondary forests on abandoned pastures
in northern Costa Rica] / Fedlmeier, C. (Georg-August Universität zu Göttingen.
Institute for Silviculture, Göttingen, DE).
Göttingen: Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen, 1996. 175 p. ISBN:
3-88452-435-6.
Dissertation, Dr., Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen, Institut für Waldbau,
Abt. II, Göttingen (Germany).
The scientific methods for managing secondary forests established on abandoned
pastures, which cover 9% of the total land area of Costa Rica, were studied. An
inventory of the composing plant species and the economic potential of these
secondary forests in the northern regions was made during a 2-year research.
Plant sociological parameters and trends and the silvicultural significance of
secondary forest successions were determined. The agro-ecological aspects,
including climate, soils, the forming of secondary forests, their economic and
ecological importance, the disappearance of soil compaction after 8-12 years
under secondary forest cover, regeneration rate and practical indications for a
profitable, sustainable exploitation of these secondary forests are made. The
communities of pioneer plants did not include trees with commercial value. The
reduced area of some secondary forests, however, could impair their economic
management.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: Tesis 350.
Publicación no.: 085 La familia Ganodermataceae (Aphyllophorales) en Costa Rica
[The family Ganodermataceae (Aphyllophorales) in Costa Rica] / Ruiz-Boyer, A.
(Museo Nacional de Costa Rica. Herbario Nacional de Costa Rica; Apdo. 749-1000,
San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 49-50, p. 21-37. 1998.
Fourteen species of the family Ganodermataceae are described from Costa Rica.
Two new records, Amauroderma exile (Berk.) Torr. and A. omphalodes (Berk.)
Torr., are reported. Three species, Ganoderma colossum (Fr.) Baker, G. nutans
(Fr.) Pat. and Haddowia longipes (Lév.) Stey., are excluded. A key to the
genera and species is included with notes on their altitudinal distribution,
substrata and world distribution. In addition, SEM photographs of the
basidiospores ornamentation are provided.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 086 Extensión del ámbito reproductivo del avetorrillo
pantanero, Ixobrychus exilis en Costa Rica / Alvarado-Quesada, G.M. (Museo
Nacional de Costa Rica. Departamento de Historia Natural, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 49-50, p. 109-110. 1998.
La garcilla Ixobrychus exilis se extiende desde el S.E de Canadá y el N.O. de
los Estados Unidos hasta Paraguay, incluyéndose las Antillas. En Costa Rica,
esta garcilla es un habitante raro a común de las tierras bajas de ambas
vertientes. Hasta la fecha, la reproducción ha sido confirmada únicamente para
Guanacaste (Palo Verde) y Río Frío, y es posible que anide más ampliamente.
Esta nota informa sobre una nueva localidad de reproducción para la especie, en
Westfalia, Prov. Limón, Vertiente del Atlántico de Costa Rica (9° 56' 00" N,
83° 00' 10" W), y es el primer informe de anidación de la especie en la Costa
Atlántica. El día 16 de abril de 1997, entre las 06:30 y 08:00 hrs fueron
capturados dos individuos, macho y hembra de Ixobrychus exilis en una red de
niebla, colocada a orillas de una laguna formada por el Río Banano cerca de su
desembocadura. La orilla de la laguna se encuentra cubierta por gramíneas
(Poaceae) y árboles dispersos de "almendro de playa" Terminalia catapa. Antes
de la recolecta se observó a dos aves perseguirse. Primero cayó el macho y casi
inmediatamente cayó la hembra, que logró escapar y posteriormente fue capturada
de nuevo. Ambos individuos fueron preparados y depositados en la Colección de
Ornitología del Museo Nacional de Costa Rica, Departamento de Historia Natural.
Tanto el macho como la hembra se encontraban en estado reproductivo. El ovario
de la hembra medía 15.0 X 7.5 mm, y tenía varios folículos desarrollados, los
más grandes medían: 4.0 X 5.0 mm; 3.5 X 3.5mm; 3.5 X 3.0 mm y 3.0 X 2.5 mm. En
el macho ambos testes midieron 10.0 X 4.0 mm. Parece poco probable que estos
individuos provengan de localidades como Río Frío o Palo Verde, dado que esta
especie generalmente vuela distancias cortas, el hábitat donde fueron
recolectados ambos individuos es apto para la anidación.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B. S10454.
Publicación no.: 087 Additions and corrections to the foliicolous lichen flora
of Costa Rica: the family Gyalectaceae [Adición y correcciones a la
liquenoflora foliícola de Costa Rica: la familia Gyalectaceae] / Lücking, R.
(Universität Bayreuth. Lehrstuhl für Pflanzensystematic, D-95447 Bayreuth, DE
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Lichenologist (ISSN 0024-2829), v. 31, no. 4, p. 359-374. 1999.
This paper provides a revision of the foliicolous representatives of the
Gyalectaceae in Costa Rica. Five species of Coenogonium and 13 of Dimerella are
distinguished. Coenogonium interplexum, C. interpositum, C. leprieurii, C.
linkii and Dimerella vezdana are ubiquitous as to the choice of their
substratum, whereas C. moniliforme and Dimerella lutea are facultatively
foliicolous. The remainder are typically foliicolous taxa but may occasionally
be found on bark. The following species are for the first time reported as
foliicolous from Costa Rica: Coenogonium interplexum, C. interpositum, C.
leprieurii, C. moniliforme, Dimerella fallaciosa, D. lisowskii, and D. aff.
pilifera. Three new species are described: Dimerella isidiifera sp. nov. with
disciform isidia, D. subzonata sp. nov. with small, bright yellow, dentate
apothecia and a whitish prothallus, and D. siquirrensis sp. nov, with large,
orange apothecia and a thin whitish prothallus. A key is presented for
neotropical foliicolous Gyalectaceae, and notes on the distribution and ecology
of the species are given.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S5195.
Publicación no.: 088 Mapas de humedales de Costa Rica: información
complementaria / Bravo-Chacón, J.; Rivera-Quintanilla, L. (Universidad
Nacional. Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Programa ECOMA, Apdo. 86-3000,
Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>)./ Ministerio del Ambiente y Energía.
Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservación / IUCN / Universidad Nacional,
Programa Uso y Conservación de Humedales, San José, CR.
San José: MINAE, 1998. 16 p.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: 360 I-3 1998.
Publicación no.: 089 Variación genética de Swietenia macrophylla en
Centroamérica, implicaciones para la conservación, la utilización sostenible y
el manejo / Navarro-Pereira, C.M.; Hernández-Martínez, M. (CATIE. Manejo de
Bosques Tropicales y Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Turrialba, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
Conferencia: 4a. Semana Científica, Turrialba CR6-9 Abr. 1999.
In: Logros de la investigación para el nuevo milenio. Actas
Turrialba: CATIE, 1999. p. 17-21. (Serie Técnica. Reuniones Técnicas (CATIE);
no. 5).
The performance of progenies of Swietenia macrophylla in Costa Rica was
evaluated through trials established in the north of the country, Alajuela
province. The trials Upala and Lagartera contain progenies of Costa Rica and
the Laberinto trial contains material from six Central American countries and
Mexico. Root collar diameter, height, survival, and attack of Hypsipyla
grandella were collected. Analysis of variance for those variables was made,
resulting in highly significative differences on height and diameter but not
for attack of Hypsipyla. Heretabilities at 621 days for Upala were 0.54± 0.02,
0.55 ± 0.02 y 0.07 ± 0.002 for diameter, height and attack respectively.
Laberinto at 251 days presented heretabilities for diameter, height and attack
of 0.55 ± 0.008; 0.59 ± .008 y 0.02 ± 0.0006 respectively. CVAG were 12.8 for
diameter and 13.76 for height. Trial Lagartera was analyzed at 585 days and
heretabilities of the 0.09 ± 0.005; 0.16 ± 0.008 y 0.12 ± 0.005 for diameter,
height and attack, low values in this trial were caused by environmental error
caused by flooding. Areas of conservation for the species are mentioned in the
different countries and activities for management of the species are
considered.
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: CATIE ST RT-5.
Publicación no.: 090 Efecto de las densidades de siembra y un fungicida en el
rendimiento del frijol [Effect of plant population density and fungicide
application on bean yield] / Mora-Brenes, B.; Fernández, S.; Flores, G.;
Solórzano, A. (Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería. Dirección de
Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Apdo. 10094, 1000 San José, CR).
In: Agronomía Mesoamericana (ISSN 1021-7444), v. 9, no. 2, p. 9-15. 1998.
Varieties of Guaymí bean [Phaseolus vulgaris] and the MUS 181 line were
evaluated in 5 locations in Costa Rica, at 5 densities (140 000, 170 000, 200
000, 230 000 and 260 000 plants/ha). Some plants were sprayed with benomyl at
0.35 kg per hectare, while others did not receive any fungicide. Yield losses
caused by plant pathogens were determined and an economic analysis of the
treatment was performed. A low incidence of diseases (such as Rhizoctonia
solani) was observed on treated plants. Plant populations of 140 000 and 170
000 plants/ha produced the greatest profit and the highest marginal return
rate.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: A.
Publicación no.: 091 Análisis de la implementación de un sistema de acopio para
palmito de pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes HBK) en la Zona Norte del país /
Zamora-Salazar, A.
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 1994. 123 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agronómica con énfasis en Economía Agrícola,
Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela de Economía Agrícola, San José (Costa Rica).
SIN RESUMEN. Objetivo General: Elaborar un sistema de acopio de palmito de
pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes), para plantaciones en manos de pequeños
agricultores, ubicadas en los cantones de Upala, Guatuso y Los Chiles, de la
provincia de Alajuela, y la Cruz, provincia de Guanacaste. Objetivos
Específicos: 1- Determinar, mediante un diagnóstico de la zona de estudio, las
variables que de alguna manera afectarán la elaboración del sistema de acopio.
2- Realizar un estudio de los rendimientos de las actividades relacionadas con
la cosecha de palmito de pejibaye. 3- Estudiar cómo el precio pagado por los
industriales afecta el sistema de acopio a plantear, y en consecuencia los
ingresos de los productores. 4- Estudiar cómo el costo de transporte del
palmito desde el campo hasta las plantas transformadoras del producto, afectan
el sistema de acopio a plantear, y en consecuencia los ingresos de los
productores. 5- Definir el modelo de organización bajo el cual funcionará el
sistema de acopio a plantear.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 15448.
Publicación no.: 092 Evaluación de la calidad de las plantaciones forestales
del Proyecto de Especies Nativas de la Región Huetar Norte, Costa Rica /
Quirós-Jara, M.
Cartago: Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, 1999. 76 p.
Informe de Práctica de Especialidad, Bachiller en Ingeniería Forestal,
Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago (Costa Rica).
Se realizó un análisis cmpleto de la calidad para la producción en la Región
Huetar Norte de Costa Rica, de ocho especies forestales nativas investigadas en
el Proyecto de Especies Nativas de la Región Huetar Norte (ITCR - COSEFORMA).
Las especies investigadas fueron: Vochysia guatemalensis (cebo), Vochysia
ferruginea (botarrama), Eucalyptus deglupta (eucalipto), Stryphnodendron
excelsum (vainillo), Hyeronima alchorneoides (pilón), Zanthoxylum mayanum
(lagarto), Dipteryx panamensis (almendro) y Virola koschnyi (fruta dorada). Se
visitaron 24 fincas que componen este proyecto, con plantaciones que oscilan
entre 3 y 8 años de edad. Se midieron y analizaron variables cualitativas
(rectitud de fuste, ángulo de ramas, inclinación del árbol, presencia de
bifurcaciones y reiteraciones, estado fitosanitario, posición sociológica y
vigorosidad del individuo) y variables cuantitativas (factor de reducción
diamétrico del árbol, volumen de las 4 primeras calidades de troza, volumen
comercial (hasta una altura donde el diámetro mínimo fuera de 10 cm), y
distribución del número de individuos y trozas en las diferentes categorías de
calidad). También se realizó análisis estadísticos (análisis de varianza y de
Chi cuadrado) para determinar diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre
especies y entre sitios para una misma especie. Se discute sobre el potencial
productivo de las especies analizadas, de la variación entre sitios de las
especies en las diferentes categorías de calidad y en las diferentes
condiciones de reforestación y manejo silvicultural. Las variables cualitativas
como: inclinación, ángulo de ramas, presencia de bifurcación y reiteración, y
las cuantitativas como: la distribución del número de trozas y del número de
árboles por categoría de calidad, demostraron su fácil uso e interpretación en
los análisis estadísticos y de calidad en las plantaciones. El volumen no
mostró su aplicabilidad dado lo joven de las plantaciones. La especie Vochysia
guatemalensis superó a todas las restantes especies en cuanto a su
productividad y calidad en la mayoría de los sitios evaluados. La especie
Stryphnodendron excelsum fue la que mostró los índices de calidad más bajos.
Localización: Biblioteca José Figueres F.: TF 2786.
Publicación no.: 093 Adiciones y correcciones al conocimiento de la
liquenoflora foliícola de Costa Rica. La familia Asterothyriaceae y el género
Chroodiscus (Thelotremataceae), con un análisis filogenético [Additions and
corrections to the knowledge of the foliicolous lichen flora of Costa Rica. The
family Asterothyriaceae and the genus Chroodiscus (Thelotremataceae), with a
phylogenetic analysis] / Lücking, R. (Universität Bayreuth. Lehrstuhl für
Pflanzensystematik, D-95447 Bayreuth, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Cryptogamie: Mycologie (ISSN 0181-1584), v. 20, no. 3, p. 193-224. 1999.
The taxonomy of foliicolous representatives of the Lichen families
Asterothyriaceae (Asterothyrium, Gyalidea, Psorotheciopsis) and
Thelotremataceae (Chroodiscus) in Costa Pica is revised. Seven new species and
one new variety are described: Asterothyrium anomalum var, pallidum Henssen &
Lücking var.n., A. aulaxinoides Lücking sp.n., A. chroodisciforme Lücking
sp.n., A. rondoniense Bat. & H. maia ex Henssen & Lücking sp.n., A.
septemseptatum Lücking sp.n., A. tetrasporum Lücking sp.n., A. uniseptatum
Lücking sp.n., and Chroodiscus submuralis Lücking sp.n. Asterothyrium
gigantosporum Lücking and A. hedbergii Kalb & Vezda are reported from Costa
Rica for the first time. On account of morphological and anatomical features,
an attempt is made. To trace intrageneric relationships in the genus
Asterothyrium, and the ascospore type is demonstrated not to correlate well
with supposedly natural groups. Furthermore, the systematics of the
Asterothyriaceae is briefly discussed. The result of a phylogenetic analysis
based on phenotypic characters is not in contradiction with the hypothesis that
the genera Gyalidea, Solorinella, Linhartia, Psorotheciopsis, and
Asterothyrium, currently placed in three different families, are easily
accomodated within a single family Asterothyriaceae. Consequently,
Solorinellaceae is placed into synonymy with Asterothyriaceae. In addition,
Linhartia is reunited with Psorotheciopsis, since the different ascospore sizes
are considered insufficient for generic separation, and the following new
combinations are proposed: Psorotheciopsis gyalideoides (Vezda) Henssen &
Lücking comb.n. [Bas.: Linhartia gyalideoides Vezda], Psorotheciopsis
philippinensis (Rehm) Lücking comb.n. [Bas.: Linhartia philippinensis Rehm. Syn.: L. Vezdana Lücking], and Psorotheciopsis varieseptata (Vezda) Henssen &
Lücking comb.n. [Bas.: Linhartia varieseptata Vezda].
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S5190.
Publicación no.: 094 Dussia atropurpurea (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae), a new
species from Central America and notes on sarcotesta coloration in Dussia
systematics [Dussia atropurpurea (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae), una nueva
especie de Centroamérica y notas sobre la coloración de la sarcotesta en la
sistemática en Dussia] / Zamora-Villalobos, N.A.; Pennington, T.D.; Stirton
C.S. (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany (ISSN 0960-4286), v. 56, no. 2, p. 175-180.
1999.
Dussia atropurpurea is a new species found in Costa Rica and Panama. It differs
from all other Dussia species in this region in its dark purple sarcotesta. The
only other species of Dussia with a sarcotesta of this colour is the Amazonian
D. tessmannii which is clearly distinct morphologically. Sarcotesta colour is
an important character for species delimitation in Dussia, but is infrequently
recorded.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11260.
Publicación no.: 095 Lichenes foliicoli exsiccati / Lücking, R, (ed.).
(Universität Bayreuth. Lehrstuhl für Pflanzensystematic, D-95447 Bayreuth, DE
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
Ulm: R. Lücking, 1995. p. 1-8.
According to its title, this exsiccate comprises foliicolous lichens. Each
fascicle is compiled with a certain taxonomical systematical, ecological,
geographical, or historical background. Specimens distributed under a given
number usually originate from the same phorophyte or at least the same
phorophyte species, thus representing exactly the same morphological state. The
aim of this exsiccate is to establish a reference set of foliicolous lichens
from worldwide collections, including as many species as possible and different
stages of forms of a given species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S5708.
Publicación no.: 096 Lichenes foliicoli exsiccati / Lücking, R, (ed.).
(Universität Bayreuth. Lehrstuhl für Pflanzensystematic, D-95447 Bayreuth, DE
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
Ulm: R. Lücking, 1995. p. 1-7.
According to its title, this exsiccate comprises foliicolous lichens. Each
fascicle is compiled with a certain taxonomical systematical, ecological,
geographical, or historical background. Specimens distributed under a given
number usually originate from the same phorophyte or at least the same
phorophyte species, thus representing exactly the same morphological state. The
aim of this exsiccate is to establish a reference set of foliicolous lichens
from worldwide collections, including as many species as possible and different
stages of forms of a given species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S5709.
Publicación no.: 097 Fitoplancton de Caño Negro: un llano de inundación
tropical, Costa Rica, América Central / Umaña-Villalobos, G. (Universidad de
Costa Rica. CIMAR y Escuela de Biología, SanJosé, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
III Congreso Nacional de Biología. Memorias, San José CR18-22 de Nov., 1991.
, 1991. 31 p.
La Laguna de Caño Negro fue visitada mensualmente de Enero a Junio 1986. Se
tomaron muestras de fitoplancton de diversos sitios de la laguna. Durante el
periodo de estudio la laguna se secó completamente y volvió a llenarse, aunque
no alcanzó su nivel máximo. En el presente trabajo se analiza la estructura de
la comunidad fitoplanctónica de este llano de inundación y sus variaciones
espaciales. El número total de taxa encontrado fue de 238. Chlorophyta fue el
grupo con mayor número de especies (98) y el segundo en abundancia total. El
grupo de mayor abundancia fue Cyanophyta. Euglenophyta fue el segundo grupo en
cuanto a riqueza de especies (44) pero fue poco abundante. El número de taxa
por muestra varió entre 21 y 83, dándose el mínimo en el mes de Mayo, cuando
llegó al punto máximo de sequía. La densidad total del plancton aumentó al
principio para luego bajar drásticamente al final del periodo estudiado. Aunque
no presentó un cambio marcado en la composición del fitoplancton, sí hubo
variaciones en la abundancia relativa de ciertas especies y en la riqueza de
grupos como Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta y Bacillariophyta. La variación espacial
en la composición del plancton fue muy alta, aunque las especies dominantes
fueron casi siempre las mismas, revelando poca heterogeneidad del habitat en el
llano de inundación.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: Contribuciones Científicas CIMAR Vol. IV.
Publicación no.: 098 Katydids of Costa Rica. Volume 1: Systematics and
bioacoustics of the cone-head katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae:
Conocephalinae sensu lato) [Chapulines de Costa Rica. Volumen 1: Sistemática y
bioacústica de los chapulines cabeza de cono (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae:
Conocephalinae sensu lato)] / Naskrecki, P. (Harvard University. Department of
Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, MA
02138-2902, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Philadelphia, PA: The Orthopterists' Society, 2000. 163 p. ISBN: 1-929014-01-5.
Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) are some of the most conspicuous and
abundant members of the Costa Rican fauna. Yet their biology and systematics
still remain virtually unknown. This work, covering all Costa Rican taxa of the
subfamily Conocephalinae s.l. (Conocephalinae + Agraeciinae + Copiphorinae),
initiates a series of mnographic treatments of the Tettigoniidae of this
country. Twenty genera and 52 species are described or redescribed. Four new
genera and 21 species are described. The genera are: Lipotactomimus gen.n.,
Metacaputus gen.n., Pluviasilva gen.n., and Podacanthophorus gen.n. The new
species are Conocephalus magdalenae sp.n., Lipotactomimus rowelli sp.n.,
Copiphora hastata sp.n., C. ottei sp.n., Metacaputus brenesi sp.n., Erioloides
longinoi sp.n., E. acutidentis sp.n., E. sikesi sp.n., E. latiscobinus sp.n.,
E. duplidentis sp.n., Podacanthophorus alas sp.n., P. vargasi sp.n., P.
maylinae sp.n., P. nelciae sp.n., Subria sylvestris sp.n., S. crassicerca
sp.n., and S. scutellaris sp.n. One new subspecies (Copiphora brevicauda
costaricensis ssp.n.) is also described. Sixteen species and 1 subspecies
appear to be endemic to Costa Rica, but is is likely that they also occur in
Nicaragua and Panama. Pictorial and tabular keys are provided for all genera
and species of Costa Rica Conocephalinae s.l. and all species are fully
illustrated. Costa Rican distribution maps are provided for all species. Sound
data are provided for 25 species. Males of the genus Copiphora produce both
airborne calls and substrate tremulations, while males of Lirometopum coronatum
supplement their tremulations with drumming of their hind feet. Included with
this publication is a CD-ROM containing additional color illustrations of
species treated in the book, as well as the original sound recordings used to
produce the oscillograms.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 595.72 N254k LS.
Publicación no.: 099 Caracterización fitosociológica de los bosques en la
región Central y Atlántica del norte de Costa Rica / Gallo, M.; Marmillod, D.;
Finegan, B.; Delgado-Rodríguez, L.D. (Vía del Mar Calle Poniente 4, Casa 1, San
Salvador, AR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista Forestal Centroamericana (ISSN 1021-0164), no. 30, p. 63-68. 2000.
The characterization of forest types at the community level, is basic for
forest management and conservation at a regional scale. The goals of this study
were to characterize and identify primary forest types in the northern zone of
Costa Rica. Forest inventory data previously collected by different regional
institutions were used to identify the forest types on the basis of their
floristic composition. To group the data into different forest types specie's
IVI in a phytosociological analysis was obtained. The forest distribution and
its relationship with environmental variables were studied using geographic
information systems (GIS). Seven forest types with different floristic
composition were found: Prioria forest, Carapa - Pentaclethra - Pterocarpus
forest, Pentaclethra - Carapa - Apeiba forest, Pentaclethra - Vochysia
ferruginea forest, Dialium - Dipteryx - Pentaclethra forest, Vochysia
ferruginea - Pentaclethra forest, and Billia forest. Some of these forest types
were found to have clear relationships with environmental variables analyzed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 100 Some Entolomataceae (Agaricales) from Costa Rica [Algunos
Entolomataceae (Agaricales) de Costa Rica] / Baroni, T.J.; Halling, R.E. (State
University of New York. College at Cortland, Department of Biological Sciences,
P.O. Box 2000, Cortland, NY 13045, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brittonia (ISSN 0007-196X), v. 52, no. 2, p. 121-135. 2000.
A preliminary account of Entolomataceae from Costa Rica is presented. Three new
taxa are described, two in Clitopilus, one in Rhodocybe, and three new
combinations are proposed in Inocephalus. Five taxa of Clitopilus are reported
for the first time from Costa Rica and a key to species is provided. Four
species of Rhodocybe are discussed and a key to the six species known from
Costa Rica is also provided. Alboleptonia earlei, Inocephalus murraii,
Inocephalus quadratum, Rhodocybe incarnata and Rhodocybe pseudonitellina are
now known to occur in Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S6919. NBINA-3712. Biblioteca de Inventario
(INBio).
Publicación no.: 101 La lapa verde (Ara ambigua) a un paso de la extinción /
Monge-Arias, G.; Chassot, O. (Centro Científico Tropical. Proyecto de
Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa Verde (Ara Ambigua), Corredor Biológico
San Juan-La Selva, Apdo. 8-3870, 1000 San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Chilamate de Sarapiquí: Proyecto de Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa
Verde (Ara Ambigua), 2000. 2 p.
La lapa verde (Ara ambigua) tiene una distribución limitada en tierras bajas
húmedas, principalmente del lado del Atlántico en bosques entre el este de
Honduras y el norte de Colombia, con una población aislada en el Pacífico en
Guayaquil, Ecuador. En nuestro país, se limita actualmente en la Zona Huetar
Norte, más específicamente entre los ríos San Carlos, San Juan, Sarapiquí y las
faldas del norte de la Cordillera Volcánica Central. Esta especie se encuentra
en la lista del Apéndice 1 de CITES, lo que significa que está en peligro de
extinción. El Proyecto de Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa Verde se
dedica desde 1994 al estudio de la biología de conservación de la lapa verde en
la Zona Norte y posee una importante base de datos biológicos sobre esta
especie, de hecho la única información de este tipo que existe en América
Central. El Proyecto fue iniciado por el Dr. George V. N. Powell, especialista
en conservación de la biodiversidad (conocido por ser uno de los fundadores de
la Reserva Biológica Bosque Nuboso Monteverde), esto con la preocupación de que
la población de lapa verde estaba restringiéndose y de que el bosque también se
estaba sacrificando a un paso muy rápido. El Proyecto está respaldado por el
Centro Científico Tropical, el mismo organismo que administra la Reserva de
Monteverde. La preocupación del Dr. Powell era bien justificada cuando la
primera fase del estudio determinó que el área de distribución de la lapa verde
en Costa Rica se había reducido en un 90% desde principios del siglo XX (ver
mapa). Con los estudios preliminares se pudo ver que la distribución limitada
de lapa verde, en combinación con su dependencia a un complejo arreglo de
recursos alimenticios implicaba que la protección de su hábitat y recursos
beneficiaría a una multitud de otras especies de los bosques donde la lapa
vive. La capacidad de esta especie de ejercer lo que los biólogos llaman el
"efecto sombrilla" para la flora y fauna del hábitat que ocupa, hace que
estudiarla sea de importancia crítica para establecer prioridades de
conservación, ya que la zona no cuenta con ninguna área protegida importante.
Al igual que en la Península de Osa, la Zona Huetar Norte ha sufrido la tasa de
deforestación más alta del país en las dos últimas décadas, tanto de la forma
legal como ilegal, dejando menos de un 30% del bosque en pie. Sin embargo, es
importante mencionar que varios estudios científicos resaltan el alto nivel de
biodiversidad de los bosques de la Zona Huetar Norte, entre los mas diversos de
Centroamérica. Cada día, los bosques de Cutris y de La Cureña surten de madera
los aserraderos de Ciudad Quesada y del Valle Central. Por otro lado, las
comunidades de estos lugares siguen viviendo en un nivel de pobreza muy alto
(junto con Talamanca y Osa). Se estima que en los últimos tres años y medio se
sacaron más de 30 millones de dólares (9,000 millones de colones) en madera,
solo de la subregión Pital - La Cureña, sin contar con la madera que salió
ilegalmente. Lo peor de todo es que ni los pobladores, ni las lapas verdes se
beneficiaron de esa inmensa riqueza. En San Carlos la lapa anida y en Sarapiquí
la lapa migra; aquí los investigadores han observado una disminución alarmante
en el número de lapas verdes, en el tamaño de los grupos de lapas, en la
ocupación de los nidos conocidos y una disminución significativa en el rango de
anidamiento (ver gráfico). Este último va disminuyendo en superficie geográfica
a medida que se tala el bosque, concentrándose en una zona núcleo de mayor
intensidad boscosa y de menor actividad humana. Los datos de la investigación
indican una inquietante disminución de la población de lapa y las entrevistas
informales que los miembros del Proyecto Lapa Verde tienen con gente de las
comunidades en la zona también confirman la tendencia que los datos de campo
muestran. En los primeros años de estudio, el Proyecto estimó la población de
lapa verde en 35 parejas reproductivas. Es muy probable que en este momento
estas cifras se deban de ver de forma menos optimista. Para ser viable, una
población animal debe de contar con un mínimo de 50 parejas reproductivas.
Debajo de este umbral, ya no se considera suficiente el nivel de diversidad
genética permitiendo a una población mantenerse en buenas condiciones. Nuestras
lapas cuentan con la Gran Reserva Indio-Maíz de Nicaragua, donde ellas
encuentran un extenso hábitat propicio a su desarrollo; sin embargo, se hacen
cada día más serios los rumores de que hay incursiones de madereros al otro
lado del Río San Juan, así que esta reserva, una de las más importantes de
Centroamérica, tampoco está a salvo de las motosierras. Ahora, nuestra
población de lapa verde se encuentra en un estado muy precario, y muy frágil,
en el cual la menor modificación de sus condiciones de vida puede llevarla a la
extinción. No es necesario comprobar cual va a ser la causa principal de la
desaparición de la lapa verde, se trata de la deforestación descontrolada en
toda la Zona Huetar Norte, causando la pérdida de su hábitat y de sus recursos.
Se pudo quizás pensar que la nueva Ley Forestal del año 1996 y las técnicas
"pioneras" de manejo de los bosques iban a servir de instrumentos para mejorar
los esfuerzos a favor de la conservación. Pues no sucedió así, y los datos que
recolecta el Proyecto de Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa Verde
demuestran muy claramente que a pesar de los cambios en la cultura forestal de
nuestro país, la lapa verde sigue desapareciendo a un paso preocupante. Los
planes de manejo que se ejecutaron en todo el país desde 1991 alteraron muy
seriamente la composición y estructura del bosque. Eso quiere decir que el
programa de pago de servicio ambiental actual es un fracaso en sí mismo, y por
ende un factor indirecto decisivo en el irreversible proceso de extinción de la
lapa verde. La sobrevivencia de la lapa verde depende únicamente de la
disponibilidad de un hábitat adecuado e intacto, así que los efectos del
aprovechamiento legal e ilegal de madera en la Zona Norte no van a permitir que
la población de lapa verde se mantenga o se recupere, si no se frena la
deforestación y el aprovechamiento forestal. En vista del estatus de altamente
amenazado de los bosques que son hábitat crítico para la sobrevivencia de la
lapa verde, se debe iniciar ahora mismo el desarrollo de un plan de
conservación que, de instrumentarse, podría proteger el hábitat suficiente para
mantener una pequeña población reproductiva en Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S6137.
Publicación no.: 102 Avistamientos de lapas verdes (Ara ambigua) durante la
temporada de anidamiento en la Zona Norte de Costa Rica. Disminución de la
población (1997-2000) / Chassot, O. (Centro Científico Tropical. Proyecto de
Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa Verde (Ara Ambigua), Corredor Biológico
San Juan-La Selva, Apdo. 8-3870, 1000 San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Chilamate de Sarapiquí: Proyecto de Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa
Verde (Ara Ambigua), 2000. 6 p.
This short paper presents graphics showing the decrease of sightings of
Great-green Macaws (Ara ambigua) by the researchers of the Great-green Macaw
Research and Conservation Project from 1997 to 2000. A decrease of about 35% in
the number of casual observations of Great-green Macaws between each breeding
season is truly alarming. The main cause of such a dramatic change in the
Greatgreen Macaw population are the forestry management practices that are
undergone in the Northern Zone of Costa Rica and elsewhere in the country.
Illegal deforestation is at least as important in volume than is the legal
so-called forestry management. Then the paper concludes with the number of
trees that the Great-green Macaw depends on and that have been cut in recent
years. Greatgreen Macaw feeding trees count as much as 67.7% of the total of
trees that have been cut in the area, amongst them, some are endemic to the
Northern Zone of Costa Rica and others are on the verge of extinction.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S6138.
Publicación no.: 103 Variabilidad genética de Swietenia macrophylla en Costa
Rica / Navarro-Pereira, C.M.; Hernández-Martínez, M. (CATIE. Manejo de Bosques
Tropicales y Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Turrialba, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Boletín Mejoramiento Genético y Semillas Forestales (ISSN 1022-6850), no.
18, p. 19-21. 1997.
El género Swietenia está representado en el mundo por tres especies, S.
mahagoni que es la especie tipo o descriptora del género, S. humilis o Caoba
del Pacífico y S. macrophylla o Caoba de las zonas húmedas (Big leaf mahogany o
caoba de hoja grande). La caoba (Swietenia spp.) constituye uno de los recursos
forestales más importantes de América Central, y es aún la especie más
reconocida en el mercado mundial. Además, es de gran importancia en los
sistemas agroforestales y campesinos, principalmente en las comunidades mayas
localizadas en la plataforma yucateca y en áreas de Belice y Guatemala. Sin
embargo, a pesar de su importancia, es relativamente poco lo que se conoce
sobre las características genéticas y la condición de la caoba en términos de
distribución natural y grado de deterioro genético. Esos vacíos de información
dificultan su conservación y utilización racional. La Caoba ha sido protegida
recientemente por ley en Costa Rica dada la alta explotación que ha sufrido,
quedando pocos individuos en bosques fragmentados que podrían estar sufriendo
procesos de endogamia. Además la Caoba fue incluida en la enmienda de la
Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y
Flora Silvestres Apéndice II, dados los actuales niveles de explotación en
Centro y Suramérica. Esto ha motivado algunas iniciativas para el manejo de la
caracterización de los recursos genéticos existentes y de sus posibilidades de
mejoramiento. El componente Diversidad Genética de Caoba es desarrollado por el
CATIE y el Instituto de Ecología Terrestre de Escocia con apoyo económico de la
Unión Europea (UE). Esta es la primera entrega de resultados los cuales
comprenderán: 1 . Metodología para la recolección de recursos genéticos en
bosques lluviosos de América Central. 2. Mapeo de poblaciones y progenies con
especies de importancia ecológica y económica en América Central. 3. Resultados
de ensayos de variación genética cuantitativa, cubriendo poblaciones de un
rango estrecho de colección y un rango amplio (caso Swietenia macrophylla) en
Centroamérica y México.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 104 Review of the Lithoscirtus genus group (Orthoptera,
Acrididae, Proctolabinae) with description of new species [Revisión del grupo
del género Lithoscirtus (Orthoptera, Acrididae, Proctolabinae) con descripción
de nuevas especies] / Rowell, C.H.F. (Universität Basel. Zoologisches Institut,
Rheinsprung 9, 4051 Basel, CH <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revue Suisse de Zoologie (ISSN 0035-418X), v. 107, no. 4, p. 793-834. 2000.
The genera Lithoscirtus Bruner, 1908, Drymophilacris Descamps, 1976, and
Drymacris Descamps & Rowell, 1978, occurring in Costa Rica and Panama, are
reviewed and in part redescribed. Five species are described as new:
Lithoscirtus tesselatus sp. n., Drymophilacris glyphocerca sp. n.,
Drymophilacris nigrescens sp, n., Drymophilacris veraguensis sp. n., and
Drymophilacris melanopsis sp. n. The previously unknown female of Drymacris
panamae (Descamps) is described, and the species restored to Drymophilacris on
the basis of female characters, giving the reinstated combination
Drymophilacris panamae Descamps; Drymacris is thereby left monospecific, and is
redescribed. New data on the distribution and coloration in life of previously
described species are presented. Keys to the three genera and to the species of
Lithoscirtus and Drymophilacris are given.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S6847. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 105 Distribución y morfología de adultos e inmaduros de moscas
califóridas (Diptera: Calliphoridae) de importancia forense en Costa Rica /
Vargas-Fonseca, J.F.
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 2000. 509 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela de
Biología, San José (Costa Rica).
Las moscas de la familia Calliphoridae juegan un importante papel en la vida
humana, ya sea como plagas del ganado, vector de enfermedades o productos de
miasis cutáneas. Asimismo, gran parte de las especies de esta familia tiene
estados inmaduros que se especializan en el consumo de tejido humano muerto,
característica biológica que ha sido aprovechada en los últimos años como una
herramienta en el área de las ciencias forenses. La determinación del tiempo
transcurrido después de la muerte, el traslado de un cuerpo o el análisis de
tóxicos en cuerpos putrefactos, son algunas de las aplicaciones en las que las
larvas de la mayoría de califóridos juegan un importante papel. A pesar de lo
anterior, actualmente en Costa Rica no se cuenta con información sobre las
especies más frecuentes en cuerpos humanos en avanzado estado de
descomposición, así como datos sobre su distribución o morfología, a fin de
lograr identificarlas exitosamente. El presente trabajo contiene información
sobre 6 especies de moscas califóridas criadas a partir de 34 cuerpos humanos
putrefactos, ingresados a la Morgue Judicial, entre los años 1997-1999. Se
ofrece información sobre la distribución geográfica de las mismas, según 4500
especímenes identificados en la colección de INBio de un total de 73 diferentes
puntos de recolecta en Costa Rica, entre los 0 y 2600 msnm. Finalmente, se
incluyen descripciones de las formas adultas e inmaduras de las seis especies
debidamente ilustradas, así como claves de identificación y la duración
aproximada de sus ciclos de vida.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4427. Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis
19572.
Publicación no.: 106 Taxonomic notes on Costa Rican Mendesellinae
(Ichneumonoidea: Braconidae), with description of a new Central American
species of Mendesella [Notas taxonómicas sobre Mendesellinae (Ichneumonoidea:
Braconidae) costarricenses, con descripción de una nueva especie
centroamericana de Mendesella] / Valerio, A.A.; Whitfield, J.B. (University of
Illinois. Department of Entomology, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, US <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Journal of Hymenoptera Research (ISSN 1070-9428), v. 9, no. 2, p. 271-276.
2000.
One new species of mendeselline braconid wasp is described, Mendesella orianae
Valerio and Whitfield sp. nov., and the male of Epsilogaster tico Whitfield and
Mason is described for the first time. Mendesella orianae from Costa Rica
represents the northernmost record of Mendesella in the Americas, and the first
recorded species of this genus in Costa Rica. The male genitalia of E. tico is
also described, providing the first record of male genitalic characters for the
subfamily Mendesellinae.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1966. S9034. Biblioteca de Inventario
(INBio).
Publicación no.: 107 Caracterización fenotípica comparativa de tres mutantes
enanos de arroz Oryza sativa con un progenitor en Los Chiles de Alajuela /
Chavarría-Campos, G.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 2000. 59 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Nacional, Escuela de
Ciencias Agrarias, Heredia (Costa Rica).
El trabajo realizado demostró que la caracterización constituye un instrumento
adecuado para detectar los cambios producidos por mutaciones inducidas en
arroz. Mediante el trabajo realizado se demostró que las mutaciones inducidas
produjeron cambios genéticos en los mutantes respecto al progenitor WS. Estos
cambios fueron observados tanto en características de herencia cualitativa como
de herencia cuantitativa. Efecto pleitróticos como los encontrados por Hong,
Takamure y Kinoshita, 1998, en arroces tipo japonica, fueron observados en los
mutantes obtenidos a partir de WS. Estos efectos fueron especialmente
observados en caracteres de herencia cuantitativa relacionados con la
elongación de diferentes órganos de la planta. El estudio de caracterización
también demostró que cuando se inducen mutaciones se afectan diferentes genes.
En el caso de los materiales estudiados, se observaron cambios en
características de herencia cualitativa y cuantitativa. Estos cambios afectaron
de manera diferente a los mutantes obtenidos. Finalmente, el estudio demostró
que el principal carácter utilizado como criterio de selección en la obtención
de los mutantes estudiados, semi- enanismo, es susceptible de ser producido en
platnas de porte alto, mediante la inducción de mutaciones con rayos Gamma,
Cobalto-60.
Localización: Biblioteca Joaquín García M.
Publicación no.: 108 Contribución al estudio de los hongos en el Refugio
Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Alajuela, Costa Rica / Núñez-Rivas, G.M.
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 1993. 159 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología con énfasis en Biosistemática, Universidad de
Costa Rica, Escuela de Biología, San José (Costa Rica).
Se presentan los resultados de la investigación micológica efectuada en el
Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, de julio de 1991-febrero de 192;
en donde se identificaron 37 especies, en una muestra de 40 especímenes. Los
hongos estudiados pertenecen a los Myxomycetes (Physerales y Trichiales);
Ascomycetes (Pezizales); Gasteromycetes, Agaricales y Auriculares y
Urediniomycetes (Uredinales). Se comunica un nuevo registro para Costa Rica,
Volvariella lepiotospora Singer.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 14152.
Publicación no.: 109 Comparación morfológica ultraestructural de las especies
silvestres de arroz Oryza: Poaceae en Costa Rica / Sánchez-Chacón, E.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Unidad de Microscopía Electrónica San José CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 1999. 114 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología con énfasis en Botánica, Universidad de Costa
Rica, Escuela de Biología, San José (Costa Rica).
El arroz es uno de los componentes de mayor importancia en la dieta mundial y
se ha utilizado exclusivamente como alimento para humanos, constituyendo del 25
al 50% de la dieta diaria de unos 2000 millones de personas. El arroz pertenece
a la familia Poaceae y al género Oryza, del cual dos especies se cultivan para
consumo humano O. sativa y O. glaberrima y hay alrededor de 20 especies
silvestres, cuatro de ellas endémicas de América. En Costa Rica existen varias
especies silvestres del género Oryza, que por sus características de
resistencia a enfermedades, plagas y estrés, se podrían usar como fuente de
genes para transferir al arroz comercial, mediante cruzamientos
interespecíficos, rescate de embriones o mediante ingeniería genética. Las
especies silvestres pueden clasificarse usando rasgos anatómicos macroscópicos
como tamaño de la lámina foliar, la lígula, las aurículas, espiguillas y la
cariópside. Sin embargo estas características son muy variables y algunas
también se presentan en especies silvestres asiáticas y africanas que
posiblemente se introdujeron con el arroz cultivado. Por lo tanto, se requiere
una descripción morfológica ultraestructural más precisa para cada especie. Se
utilizó la microscopía electrónica de barrido para analizar muestras de la
lámina foliar, aurículas, lígula, espiguilla y cariópside de plantas silvestres
de arroz y una variedad comercial. Las estructuras anteriores se compararon con
especímenes clasificados taxonómicamente por el IRRI. Las características
morfológicas diagnósticas para O. sativa var. CR 5272 son los tricomas
atenuados de la lámina forliar, una hilera de tricomas espinosos alargados en
el borde de la lámina, la espiguilla carece de arista y tiene espinas muy
pequeñas y escasas y las lemas estériles son lanceoladas, de bordes
irregulares. Para O. latifolia, la presencia de hileras de tricomas espinosos
abultados en el borde de la lámina foliar, la vena central sin o con muy pocas
papilas. El ecotipo Cañas tiene las aurículas rectangulares, mientras los otros
dos ecotipos Carara y Pelón, las presentan envolventes. El ecotipo Carara tiene
la lígula cónica y en los otros dos es de forma truncada. Para O. rufipogon,
abundantes tricomas espinosos hirsutos en la lámina foliar y estomas desnudos
de µm de largo, en el borde de la lámina. En O. glumaepatula una hilera de
tricomas abultados en el borde de la lámina foliar, y tricomas hirsutos poco
abundantes en la lámina y tiene tricomas bicelulares muy pequeños en la
superficie de las aurículas. En O. grandiglumis un patrón cuticular más denso,
espinas entre la raquilla y las lemas fértiles, las lemas estériles
lanceoladas, delgadas y dentadas y cubren alrededor de un 70% de la superficie
de las lemas fértiles, el borde de la lámina foliar tiene tres hileras de
tricomas espinosos largos y tricomas espinosos abultados de varios tamaños,
además presenta pocas hileras de tricomas muy pequeños abultados e hirsutos.
Las especies pudieron colcarse en dos grupos, de acuerdo a las características
ultraestructurales que comparten, un grupo lo constituyen las especies
diploides y de genoma AA, O. sativa var. CR 5272, O. rufipogon y O.
glumaepatula que comparten las siguientes características: presencia de
tricomas hirsutos, la forma de la lígula que es aguda y bífida y sin tricomas
en el extremo distal y las aurículas son rizoides. El otro grupo lo forman las
especies tetraploides y de genoma CCDD: O. latifolia y O. grandiglumis, que
presentan aurículas envolventes, la lígula es corta y truncada y las lemas
estériles son lanceoladas, finas y dentadas. La estructura morfológica más
importante para la clasificación de las especies son los tricomas. O. rufipogon
y O. glumaepatula son las especies más similares. En Costa Rica están presentes
las especies silvestres Oryza rufipogon, Oryza glumaepatula, Oryza latifolia y
Oryza grandiglumis.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 19252.
Publicación no.: 110 Lista preliminar de royas (Uredinales, Fungi) de Costa
Rica, depositadas en los herbarios USJ y CR / González-Ball, R. (Apdo.
230-4013, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 53, p. 29-40. 2000.
A total of 32 genera and 79 species of rust fungi are listed. The specimens are
deposited at the Herbaria of the National Museum (CR) and the School of
Biology, University of Costa Rica (USJ). Thisbasic work demonstrates the
necessity for a systematic collection of rust fungi in Costa Rica, including
studies of their taxonomy, distribution, potential hosts and biology, among
others.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 111/ Mora-Madrigal, M.E.; Jiménez, R.; Tremblay, C.J. (300 m S
Guardia Rural, Tilarán, Guanacaste, CR).
Primer seminario nacional sobre planificación territorial e iniciativas
socioproductivas en las áreas de conservación de Costa Rica. Memoria, Tilarán
CR14-16 Abr. 1999.
Tilarán: MINAE / ACA, 1999. 72 p.
En este Seminario, representantes del Gobierno, organismos no gubernamentales,
organizaciones comunales y entes financieros, entre otros, realizaron
exposiciones de expertos, sesiones plenarias de discusión sobre los temas
puestos en la agenda y giras de campo a los parques ubicados en los territorios
de los Vocanes Arenal y Tenorio. Los contenidos del Seminario giraron
fundamentalmente en torno a cinco ejes temáticos: Ecología y Territorios,
Manejo y Desarrollo de Areas Silvestres Públicas y Privadas, Producción y
Consideraciones Ambientales, Biodiversidad y Ambiente y Gestión Financiera en
Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible. Este documento contiene una síntesis de los
contenidos abordados en el transcurso del Seminario y se propone como una
memoria base para posteriores actividades que el SINAC Central y las Areas de
Conservación puedan implementar con el propósito de intercambiar experiencias
sobre sus particulares procesos de desarrollo.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: AD 413. MAST-71.
Publicación no.: 112 The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica. 2: Introduction and keys
to species of the smaller subfamilies, Anomalinae, Ctenopelmatinae,
Diplazontinae, Lycorininae, Phrudinae, Tryphoninae (excluding Netelia) and
Xoridinae, with an appendix on the Rhyssinae [Los Ichneumonidae de Costa Rica.
2: Introducción y claves para las para las especies de las subfamilias menores
Anomalinae, Ctenopelmatinae, Diplazontinae, Lycorininae, Phrudinae, Tryphoninae
(excluyendo Netelia) y Xoridinae, con un apéndice sobre los Rhyssinae] / Gauld,
I.D.; Wahl, D.B.; Bradshaw, K.; Hanson-Snortum, P.; Ward, S. (British Museum
(Natural History). Department of Entomology, London SW7 5BD, GB <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute (ISSN 0065-8162), v. 57, p.
1-485. 1997.ISBN: 1-887988-01-7.
Illustrated keys are provided for identification of 202 Costa Rican species of
Ichneumonidae in the subfamilies Anomalonianae, Ctenopelmatinae, Diplazontinae,
Lycorininae, Phrudinae, Tryphoninae (excluding Netelia), Xoridinae and
Rhyssinae.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 595.79 G269i:CRO. Museo de Insectos (UCR).
Publicación no.: 113 The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica. 3: Introduction and keys
to species of the subfamilies Brachycyrtinae, Cremastinae, Labeninae, and
Oxytorinae, and with an appendix on the Anomaloninae [Los Ichneumonidae de
Costa Rica. 3: Introducción y claves para las especies de las subfamilias
Brachycyrtinae, Cremastinae, Labeninae y Oxytorinae, y con un apéndice para los
Anomaloninae] / Gauld, I.D.; Ward, S.; Mallet, V. (The Natural History Museum.
Department of Entomology, London SW7 5BD, GB <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute (ISSN 0065-8162), v. 63, p.
1-453. 2000.ISBN: 1-887988-07-6.
Perhaps the only tropical country where representative collections of
Hymenoptera have been amassed to date is Costa Rica. Intensive biological
inventory has revealed the presence in Costa Rica of 198 species of the
ichneumonid subfamilies Brachycyrtinae, Cremastinae, Labeninae and Oxytorinae.
Illustrated keys are provided here to enable them to be identified by the
non-specialist. Of this fauna, 161 species are described as new, two are
thought to be new, but have not been named pending discovery of more material,
and the remainder, which have previously been described, are redescribed in a
standardised format. An appendix provides a supplement to the treatment of the
Anomaloninae given in volume 2 of this series (Mem. Amer. Ent. Inst., 57). In
this an additional new species, Barylypa broweri, is described. Where known,
details are presented about the geographical distribution, seasonal abundance
and recorded hosts of all the various taxa.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 595.79 G269i:CRO. Museo de Insectos (UCR).
Publicación no.: 114 A world monograph of the lichen genus Gyalectidium
(Gomphillaceae) [Monografía mundial de los líquenes del género Gyalectidium
(Gomphillaceae)] / Ferraro, L.I.; Lücking, R.; Serusiaux, E.L. (University of
Liege. Department of Botany, Research Associate F.N.R.S.; Sart Tilman B22,
B-4000 Liege, BE <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society (ISSN 0024-4074), v. 137, no. 3,
p. 311-345. 2001.
Seventeen new species of Gyalectidium have been discovered in various parts of
the world, and those unexpected findings formed the starting point for a survey
of the taxonomy and ecogeography of the genus. The following species are
described as new in this paper: G. areolatum Ferraro & Lücking (Neotropics), G.
atrosquamulatum Lücking & Kalb (Kenya), G. australe Lücking (Australia), G.
conchiferum Lücking & Wirth (Chile), G. denticulatum, Lücking (Costa Rica), G.
fantasticum Ferraro & Lücking (Neotropics), G. flabellatum Serus.
(Australasia), G. fuscum Lücking & Serus. (Africa and Papua New Guinea), G.
gahavisukanum Serus. (Papua New Guinea), G. kenyanum, Lücking & Kalb (Kenya).
G. laciniatum Lücking (Costa Rica), G. maracae Lücking (Neotropics), G.
membranaceum Serus. & Lücking (Canary Islands), G. minus Serus (Canary Islands
and southern Italy), G. novoguineense Serus. (Australasia), G. puntilloi Serus.
(south-west Europe), and G. verruculosum Serus. (Australasia). Calenia
microcarpa Vezda [Syn.: Bullatina microcarpa (Vezda) Brusse] is included in
Gyalectidium as G. microcarpum (Vezda) Lücking, Serus. & Vezda comb. nov., and
G. catenulatum (Cavalc. & A. A. Silva) Ferraro, Lücking & Serus. is treated as
a species different from G. filicinum. Gyalectidium corticola Henssen is
transferred to Calenia as Calenia corticola (Henssen) Ferraro, Lücking & Serus.
comb. nov. A key to all 29 accepted species of Gyalectidium is provided. The
infrageneric phylogeny is constructed by means of a phenotype-based cladistic
analysis, and the systematic affinities of the genus are discussed, accompanied
by notes on the distribution and ecology of the species. Apothecia are not yet
known in several species, including new ones.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-85.
Publicación no.: 115 Identificación de proyectos para la incorporación de la
mujer en el proceso productivo, Asentamiento El Valle, Guatuso, Alajuela /
Vásquez-Soto, P.
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 1997. 134 p.
Proyecto de Graduación, Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agronómica con énfasis en
Economía Agrícola, Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela de Economía Agrícola, San
José (Costa Rica).
La incorporación de la mujer en el proceso productivo, constituye un tema de
análisis a nivel mundial, que se intensificó a partir de la década de los
cincuenta con el objetivo de reducir la diferenciación existente entre hombres
y mujeres en el ámbito social, productivo y doméstico; creado por las
condiciones culturales e ideológicas de la sociedad. En esta década inicia el
desarrollo de diferentes enfoques que promueven la integración de la mujer en
el proceso productivo desde diferentes perspectivas, entre los que se destacan
el enfoque de bienestar (50's), mujer en el desarrollo (70's) y género en el
desarrollo (80's), siendo último, el enfoque que realmente garantiza la
igualdad de oportunidades entre hombres y mujeres que asegura la sostenibilidad
del desarrollo de una región. La definición de proyectos con enfoque de género
permite formular estrategias que posibilitan el acceso de la mujer a las
actividades generadoras de ingresos. así como a los recursos de la producción,
tomando en cuenta sus intereses, necesidades y potencialidades. Considerando
los lineamientos generales expuestos anteriormente, se desarrolló la presente
investigación determinando las condiciones sociales, económicas y productivas
de la mujer en el Asentamiento El Valle de Guatuso, para precisar y evaluar
diferentes alternativas de proyectos que integren las necesidades de hombres y
mujeres, genere empleo en igualdad de condiciones y consecuentemente, mejore
las condiciones de la economía familiar. En este sentido, de los resultados de
la investigación se puede inferir que de la población total de mujeres en edad
productiva (mayores de 12 años de edad), sólo un 40 por ciento tiene un trabajo
remunerado (en su mayoría característico del rol femenino) debido y en orden de
importancia, a escasas oportunidades de trabajo, a las malas condiciones que
ofrecen los empleos existentes, ausencia de personas que contribuyen en las
labores domésticas y en menor grado, el cuido los niños. Así mismo, se
determinó una jornada promedio de trabajo por día de 14 horas, con un horario
establecido de 5 am a 8 pm, según se detalla a continuación; Labor Doméstica,
productiva, comunal, Total; Horas diarias 8, 5, 1, 14; Porcentaje 57 por
ciento, 36 por ciento; 7 por ciento, 100 por ciento. Cabe resaltar que entre
estas labores reproductivas y productivas se tiende a realizar dos o más
actividades al mismo tiempo (como por ejemplo, cuido de los niños y limpieza
del hogar, entre otros), por lo que se considera que esta distribución de
tiempo es conservadora. No obstante, se identificó que un 95 por ciento de la
población femenina tiene disposición de realizar un proyecto productivo en el
ámbito tradicionalmente femenino, pecuario o agrícola. A pesar de esta anuencia
casi total, solamente el 70 por ciento de la población cuenta con el recurso
tierra, la disponibilidad de accesar a créditos bancarios y al recurso
capacitación, experiencia en trabajos a nivel de organización, el apoyo de los
miembros de la familia y con la disponibilidad diaria de cinco horas en
promedio a las actividades productivas. En otras palabras, el 70 por ciento de
las mujeres en edad productiva son las que potencialmente cuentan con los
requerimientos necesarios para involucrarse en el desarrollo de un proyecto.
Adicionalmente, se definieron por parte de las mujeres diferentes actividades
que pueden ser consideradas dentro de los posibles proyectos (cocina, costura,
manualidades, reproducción de aves y zoocriaderos, hortalizas, raíces y
tubérculos, entre otros), se analizó de cada una de ellas, su viabilidad
técnica, social y económica y finalmente, se recomienda la reproducción de
semilla sana de tiquisque como un posible proyecto, que de acuerdo a la
disponibilidad de factores para la producción, a la adaptación agroecológica
del producto, el apoyo institucional presente, y las condiciones de mercado en
la región, es viable desde todo punto de vista. Por otro lado, la naturaleza de
este proyecto se enmarca dentro del enfoque desarrollado en la década de los
setenta "Mujer en Desarrollo", debido a que no se ha alcanzado la igualdad de
oportunidades, las mujeres realizan simultáneamente labores productivas y
reproductivas, a pesar de ello, se está contemplando un proyecto de importancia
para el desarrollo productivo de la región, considerando los cultivos que se
desarrollan con mayor factibilidad entre hombres y mujeres, considerando sus
necesidades, intereses y potencialidades. La recomendación más importante, por
su parte, se centra en la incorporación del componente de capacitación para
buscar la sensibilización de la población en cuanto a la valoración del trabajo
que realiza la mujer y el hombre en el ámbito familiar, de la parcela y
comunal. Esto es, promover su incorporación en el ámbito doméstico, productivo
y organizativo del asentamiento en igualdad de condiciones.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 17522.
Publicación no.: 116 Estado de conservación, ecología y conocimiento popular
del manatí (Trichecus manatus L.) en Costa Rica / Jiménez-Pérez, I. (Fundación
Manatí. Centro Internacional de Estrategias Ambientales, Cuba 3129, Depto 15,
RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, AR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Vida Silvestre Neotropical (ISSN 0889-3284), v. 8, no. 1/2, p. 18-30. 1999.
The West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus L.) is considered endangered in
Costa Rica and its conservation status there was previously little-known. The
objectives of this study were: a) to determine present and historical
distribution of manatees in Costa Rica, b) to identify high-use areas for the
species, c) to compile local knowledge about manatees, d) to compile
information on ecological behaviour of manatees in the area, and e) to identify
and assess the impact of possible threats to the manatee population. To do so I
carried out interviews, silent stalks of manatees and feeding-sign surveys. The
species is more common than previously assessed, being found in two distinct
subpopulations. The watercourses of northeastern Costa Rica harbor the largest
numbers of manatees with the most extensive suitable habitat, while a few
individuals are found in southeaster Costa Rica near the Panama border. The
present range coincides mostly with the reported range for the species during
the mid-1900's. Local manatees feed as generalists and are most active at dawn,
twilight and night and with the rising tide. Hunting of manatees has decreased
during recent years although it still continues, while illegal gill-net use is
increasing. Though boat traffic has increased sharply in the las 10 years, it
doesn't seem to be a main cause of mortality. Deforestation, pesticide use,
river basin alteration, and mining activities occur upstream from wetlands used
by manatees and could threaten their survival. Although the conservation status
of manatees in Costa Rica is better than previously assessed, it is in a
delicate balance and measures should be taken to secure their long-term
survival.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: V. NBINA-1737.
Publicación no.: 117 Seis especies nuevas y dos nuevos registros de helechos
Pteridophyta para Costa Rica [Six new species and two new records of
Pteridophyta (ferns) from Costa Rica] / Rojas-Alvarado, A.F. (Universidad de
Costa Rica. Jardín Botánico Lankester, Apdo. 1031-7050, Cartago, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 49, no. 2, p. 435-452.
2001.
Six new species of Pteridophyta from Costa Rica are described: Dryopteris
flaccisquama A. Rojas, Hypolepis lellingeri A. Rojas, H. moraniana A. Rojas,
Melpomene alan-shmithii A. Rojas, Selaginella osaënsis A. Rojas, and
Terpsichore esquiveliana A. Rojas. Blechnum stoloniferum (Mett. ex E. Fourn.)
C. Chr. and Trichomanes micayense Hieron, are new records for the country. Only
D. flaccisquama and M. alan-smithii are present outside Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 118 Un genocidio en Centroamérica: hule, esclavos,
nacionalismo y la destrucción de los indígenas Guatusos-Malecus [A Central
american genocide: rubber, slavery, nationalism, and the destruction of the
Guatusos-Malekus] / Edelman, M. (City University of New York. Department of
Anthropology, Graduate Centre, New York, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Mesoamérica (ISSN 0252-9963), v. 36, p. 539-591. 1998.
In the late nineteenth century, rubber tappers and missionaries invaded the
territory of the Guatuso-Maleku Indians, south of Lake Nicaragua. Hundreds of
indigenous women and children were captured and sold as slaves in Nicaraguan
towns, while the men had to perform forced labor for the tappers as porters in
the jungle. Distinct national identities were still embryonic in the decades
after the collapse of the Central American Federation. Costa Rican clerics and
historians narrated the experience of commodification of rubber and human
beings in the Guatuso zone in the framework of an emerging nationalist
ideological project that contrasted Costa Rica "virtue" with Nicaraguan
"barbarism." By the end of the rubber boom in the late 1890s, over half of the
Guatuso-Maleku population had been kidnaped or murdered or had died from
diseases and over-exploitation.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S7891.
Publicación no.: 119 A Central american genocide: rubber, slavery, nationalism,
and the destruction of the Guatusos-Malekus [Un genocidio en Centroamérica:
hule, esclavos, nacionalismo y la destrucción de los indígenas
Guatusos-Malecus] / Edelman, M. (City University of New York. Department of
Anthropology, Graduate Centre, New York, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Comparative Studies in Society and History (ISSN 0010-4175), v. 40, no. 2,
p. 356-390. 1998.
In the late nineteenth century, rubber tappers and missionaries invaded the
territory of the Guatuso-Maleku Indians, south of Lake Nicaragua. Hundreds of
indigenous women and children were captured and sold as slaves in Nicaraguan
towns, while the men had to perform forced labor for the tappers as porters in
the jungle. Distinct national identities were still embryonic in the decades
after the collapse of the Central American Federation. Costa Rican clerics and
historians narrated the experience of commodification of rubber and human
beings in the Guatuso zone in the framework of an emerging nationalist
ideological project that contrasted Costa Rica "virtue" with Nicaraguan
"barbarism." By the end of the rubber boom in the late 1890s, over half of the
Guatuso-Maleku population had been kidnaped or murdered or had died from
diseases and over-exploitation.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S7892.
Publicación no.: 120 Mamíferos del Area de Conservación Arenal, Costa Rica
[Mammals of the Arenal Conservation Area, Costa Rica] / Sáenz-Méndez, J.C.;
Carrillo-Jiménez, E.; Wong-Reyes, G.; Tucker, J, (trad.).; Suárez-Cowlen, A,
(il.). (Universidad Nacional. Programa Regional de Maestría en Manejo de Vida
Silvestre, Apdo. 1350, Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Santo Domingo de Heredia: Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), 1999.
130 p. ISBN: 9968-702-28-5.
En esta guía de campo se presenta una explicación de las generalidades del Area
de Conservación Arenal, en la que se estima que hay cerca de 130 especies de
mamíferos de las cuales son descritas las 45 de mayor importancia para el
visitante. Se enfatiza aquí la importancia hidrológica de la región, la
presencia de volcanes y reservas ecológicas, la historia, los principales ríos
y carreteras, cuerpos de agua y corredores biológicos que se han establecido en
esta región, la cual incluye desde zonas cálidas costeras hasta el bosque
nuboso de Monteverde, tan frecuentado por los turistas. Se proporciona un mapa
de las zonas en que está dividida el área. Las páginas 16 a 18 presentan la
lista de especies y para cada una se presenta (igual que en el resto de la
serie) un logotipo, el nombre científico, el nombre común, la descripción
corporal, la distribución geográfica, el hábitat general, el comportamiento, el
estado de conservación de la especie, notas adicionales de todo tipo y detalles
de los lugares donde se le puede encontrar. La obra incluye al final un
glosario y una bibliografía. En esta obra la calidad de las ilustraciones es
buena y, aunque el lector difícilmente lo notará, la persona que ilustró no es
la misma que en Mamíferos de Costa Rica, ilustrado por Afina Zuares Cowley.
Mamíferos del Parque Nacional Corcovado y Mamíferos del Area de Conservación
Arenal fueron ilustrados por Jennifer Tucker. Considerando la utilidad y
calidad de esta obra así como las demás de la serie, el precio es muy razonable
y recomiendo su compra a todos los interesados. (Reseña del libro por Julián
Monge-Nájera).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 599.097.286 S127mPVB.
Publicación no.: 121 Revisión taxonómica del género Lagocheirus Dejean para
México y Centroamérica (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) [Taxonomic revision of the
genus Lagocheirus Dejean from Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera:
Cerambycidae)] / Toledo, V.H. (CEAMISH. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de
Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, MX
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Folia Entomológica Mexicana (ISSN 0430-8603), no. 101, p. 1-58. 1997.
Are revised the Mexican and Central American species of Lagocheirus Dejean.
Nineteen species are recorded, L. mecotrochanter and L. xileuco are new. Is
recorded for first time to Mexico L. simplicicornis. Are synonymized Karadinia
McKeown and Stemocheirus Dillon with Lagocheirus Dejean; L. rogersi hondurensis
Dillon and L. r. panamensis Dillon with L. rogersi Bates; L. tuberculatus
v-album Bates with L. tuberculatus (Fabricius). Sternocheirus lugubris Dillon
and Karadinia funesta (Thomson) are transferred into Lagocheirus. A diagnostic
key is provided to separate the 19 known species, and descriptions of the males
and females. Information on the distribution, flight period and host
associations is presented.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S8448. Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: 590F.
Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 122 Nueva especie de Phrynus (Amblypygi: Phrynidae) de Costa
Rica [A new species of Phrynus (Amplypygi: Phrynidae) from Costa Rica] / de
Armas, L.F.; Víquez-Núñez, C. (Apartado Postal 4327, San Antonio de los Baños,
La Habana, CU <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista Ibérica de Aracnología (ISSN 1576-9518), v. 4, no. 12, p. 11-15.
2001.
A new species of the whip spider genus Phrynus Lamarck, 1801, is described from
Costa Rica. It was previously misidentified as Phrynus parvulus Pocock, 1902,
because its clubbed setae, but it as 29 instead 25 tibial articles on leg I, as
well as wider tritosternum, and contiguous female gonopods.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9017. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 123 Biología, distribución y conservación de la tortuga negra
en Costa Rica [Biology, distribution, and conservation of the black wood turtle
in Costa Rica] / Merchán-Fornelino, M.; Mora-Benavides, J.M. (Asociación
Chelonia, Aristóteles 3, 20B, 28027 Madrid, ES <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Reptilia (Barcelona) (ISSN 1071-8443), no. 13, p. 31-38. 2000.
Information is presented on the life history, distribution, and conservation
needs of the black wood turtle in Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9229.
Publicación no.: 124 Sex and length of caiman in Los Guatuzos Wildlife Refuge,
Costa Rica [Sexo y longitud del caimán en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Los
Guatuzos, Costa Rica] / Buitrago, F. (Universidad Centroamericana, Clínica
Tiscapa 2c al lago 20 vrs arriba casa #67, Managua, NI <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Crocodile Specialists Group Newsletter, v. 17, no. 4, p. 13-14. 1998.
The author reports on a study in which 119 caimans were captured in Los
Guatuzos Wildlife Refuge on the border of Costa Rica and Nicaragua. The
snout-vent length, total length, and sex of each crocodile was recorded and a
pyramid of percentages was constructed.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 125 The amphibians and reptiles of Costa Rica: A herpetofauna
between two continents, between two seas [Los anfibios y reptiles de Costa
Rica: Una herpetofauna entre dos continentes, entre dos mares] / Savage, J.M.;
Fogden, M.P.L, (phot.).; Fogden, P, (phot.). (Rana Dorada Enterprises, S.A.,
PMB 304, 3401 Adams Avenue, Suite A, San Diego, CA 92116-2490, US <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2002. 934 p. ISBN: 0-226-73537-0.
Este libro recoge 40 años de investigación de los anfibios y reptiles de Costa
Rica, por parte del Dr. Savage y sus colaboradores. Inicia con los siguientes
capítulos: 1. Descubriendo la herpetofauna tropical. Cap. 2. El ambiente
costarricense. 3. Organización de la descripción sistemática. 4. Anfibios
(Clase Anfibia). 5. Cecilians (Orden Gymnophiona). 6. Salamandras (Orden
Caudata). 7. Ranas y sapos (Orden Anura). 8. Reptiles (Clase Reptilia). 9.
Esquamates (Orden Squamata). 10. Lagartijas (Suborden Sauria). 11. Serpientes
(Suborden Serpentes). 12. Tortugas (Orden Testudinata). 13. Cocodrilos (Orden
Crocodilia). 14. Distribución ecológica de la herpetofauna. 15. Distribución
geográfica: unidades históricas, áreas faunísticas, endemismo y patrones
generales. 16. Desarrollo de la herpetofauna.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 597.9097286 S264a.
Publicación no.: 126 Humedales de Mesoamérica - Sitios Ramsar de Centroamérica
y México [Mesoamerican wetlands - Ramsar sites in Central America and Mexico] /
Lahmann-Zeledón, E.J.; Córdoba-Muñoz, R.; Hernández, G, (ed.). (UICN/ORMA, PO
Box 146-2150, Moravia, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
San José: Unión Mundial para la Naturaleza, 1999. 38 p.
Wetlands are beautiful places that are important to the environment and economy
of our countries. These are areas where water accumulates, sometimes during
just a certain part of the year. Water can be fresh, salt or a mixture of both,
and either static or flowing. Wetlands include coasts, coral reefs, lakes and
ponds, rivers, estuaries and mangroves, foodplains, swamps and flood forests.
Wetlands take an active role in the water cycle, as water is continually
recycled and land and sea and in the atmosphere as part of a process that
ensures ecological functions. Wetlands consequently play an essential role in
providing and maintaining the quality of water, which is the basic foundation
of life on our planet.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-475. AD 801.
Publicación no.: 127 Three new species of Symplocos (Symplocaceae) from Panama
and Costa Rica [Tres nuevas especies de Symplocos (Symplocaceae) de Panamá y
Costa Rica] / Kelly, L.M.; Almeda, F., Jr. (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
México. Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Botánica, Apartado Postal
70-233, México City 04510, DF, MX <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Novon (ISSN 1055-3177), v. 12, no. 3, p. 369-374. 2002.
Three species of Symplocos are newly described from Panama and Costa Rica.
Symplocos morii Almeda & L. Kelly, known from high-elevation western Panama, is
distinguished by coriaceous leaves with entire and revolute margins, short,
glabrous styles, and white fruits. Symplocos naniflora L. Kelly & Almeda is a
low-elevation Costa Rican species with serrate leaf margins, small flowers,
densely villous styles, and small fruits. Symplocos elliptica L. Kelly &
Almeda, known from Cerro Hornito and Cerro Sapo, Panama, is distinguished by
broadly elliptic leaves with crenate-denticulate margins and solitary flowers.
All three species are likely members of Symplocos sect. Symplocastrum Brand
based on their basally connate stamens that are adnate to the petal.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S8489.
Publicación no.: 128 Integrity and isolation of Costa Rica's national parks and
biological reserves: examining the dynamics of land-cover change [Integridad y
aislamiento de los parques nacionales y reservas biológicas de Costa Rica:
examinando la dinámica del cambio en el uso de la tierra] / Sánchez-Azofeifa,
G.A.; Daily, G.C.; Pfaff, A.S.P.; Busch, C.B. (University of Alberta.
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, CA
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Biological Conservation (ISSN 0006-3207), v. 109, p. 123-135. 2003.
The transformation and degradation of tropical forest is thought to be the
primary driving force in the loss of biodiversity worldwide. Developing
countries are trying to counter act this massive lost of biodiversity by
implementing national parks and biological reserves. Costa Rica is no exception
to this rule. National development strategies in Costa Rica, since the early
1970s, have involved the creation of several National Parks and Biological
Reserves. This had led to monitoring the integrity of and interactions between
these protected areas. Key questions include: "Are these areas' boundaries
respected?"; "Do they create a functioning network?"; and "Are they effective
conservation tools?". This paper quantifies deforestation and secondary growth
trends within and around protected areas between 1960 and 1997. We find that
inside of national parks and biological reserves, deforestation rates were
negligible. For areas outside of National Parks and Biological Reserves we
report that for 1-km buffer zones around such protected areas, there is a net
forest again for the 1987/1997 time period. Thus, it appears that to this point
the boundaries of protected areas are respected. However, in the 10-km buffer
zones we find significant forest loss for all study periods. This suggests that
increasing isolation of protected areas may prevent them from functioning as an
effective network.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9046. NBINA-6851.
Publicación no.: 129 Evolutionary history of the genus Rhamdia (Telestoi:
Pimelodidae) in Central America [Historia evolutiva del género Rhamdia
(Telestoi: Pimelodidae) en Centroamérica] / Perdices, A.; Bermingham, E.;
Montilla, A.; Doadrio, I. (Universidade Lisboa. Faculdade de Ciências,
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Bloco C-2, 3°
Piso, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Pt <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (ISSN 1055-7903), v. 25, p. 172-189.
2002.
We constructed phylogenetic hypotheses for Mesoamerican Rhamdia, the only genus
of primary freshwater fish represented by sympatric species across Central
America. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred from analysis of 1990 base
pairs (bp) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), represented by the complete nucleotide
sequences of the cytochrome h (cyt b) and the ATP synthase 8 and 6 (ATPase 8/6)
genes. We sequenced 120 individuals from 53 drainages to provide a
comprehensive geographic picture of Central American Rhamdia systematics and
phylogeography. Phylogeographic analysis distinguished multiple Rhamdia mtDNA
lineages, and the geographic congruence across evolutionarily independent
Rhamdia clades indicated that vicariance has played a strong role in the
Mesoamerican diversification of this genus. Phylogenetic analyses of
species-level relationships provide strong support for the monophyly of a
trans-Andean Glade of three evolutionarily equivalent Rhamdia taxa: R.
guatemalensis, R. laticauda, and R. cinerascens. Application of fish-based
mitochondrial DNA clocks ticking at 1.3-1.5% sequence divergence per million
years (Ma), suggests that the split between cis- and trans-Andean Rhamdia
extends back about 8 Ma, and the three distinct trans-Andean Rhamdia clades
split about 6 Ma ago. Thus the mtDNA divergence observed between cis- and
trans-Andean Rhamdia species is too low to support an ancient colonization of
Central America in the Late Cretaceous or Paleocene as had been hypothesized in
one colonization model for Mesoamerican fishes. Rather the mtDNA data indicate
that Rhamdia most likely colonized Central America in the late Miocene or
Pliocene, promoting a strong role for the Isthmus of Panamá in the Mesoamerican
expansion of this genus. Basal polytomies suggest that both the R. laticauda
and R. guatemalensis clades spread rapidly across the Central American
landscape, but differences in the average mtDNA genetic distances among clades
comprising the two species, indicate that the R. laticauda spread and
diversified across Mesoamerica about 1 million years before R. guatemalensis.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6719.
Publicación no.: 130 Rubiacearum americanarum magna hama pars IX. New species
and a new combination in Hippotis and Pentagonia (Hippotideae) from Central and
Western South America [Rubiacearum americanarum magna hama pars IX. Nuevas
especies y una nueva combinación en Hippotis y Pentagonia (Hippotideae) de
Centroamérica y Suramérica occidental] / Taylor, C.M. (Missouri Botanical
Garden. PO Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Novon (ISSN 1055-3177), v. 12, no. 4, p. 555-562. 2002.
The following new species are described: Hippotis stellata C. M. Taylor & Rova,
found from eastern Panama to northwestern Ecuador and distinguished by its
closely grouped or sibly stellate trichomes; Pentagonia angustifolia C. M.
Taylor, found in western Panama and formerly confused with P. nuciformis Dwyer;
P. dwyeriana C. M. Taylor, found in western Panama and formerly confused with
P. macrophylla Bentham; Pentagonia monocaulis C. M. Taylor, found in eastern
Costa Rica and formerly confused with P. donnell-smithii (Standley) Standley;
and Pentagonia sanblasensis C. M. Taylor, found in central Panama and also
formerly confused with R. macrophylla. The new combination H. panamensis
(Dwyer) C. M. Taylor is based on Duroia panamensis Dwyer, and a description is
presented for this poorly known species, which is actually the,most commonly
collected species of Hippotis in Central America and adjacent northwestern
Colombia.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9064.
Publicación no.: 131 Clasificación preliminar de calidades de sitio y factores
asociados con el crecimiento del Eucalyptus deglupta Blume para la Región
Huetar Norte, Costa Rica / Chavarría-Espinoza, M.I. (Ministerio de Recursos
Naturales. Energía y Minas, San José, CR).
IV Taller Nacional de Investigación Forestal y Agroforestal. Memoria, Guácimo
CR9-11 Dic. 1996.
Guácimo, Limón: Programa Desarrollo Campesino Forestal / CONIF / Comisión
Regional de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Chorotega / EARTH / Comisión
Regional de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Valle Central Occidental, 1996.
p. 115-127.
El estudio se realizó en la Región Huetar Norte, ubicada entre las coordenadas
geográficas 10°25'y 11°15' latitud N y 83°55' y 84°50' longitud O que abarca
los cantones de San Carlos, Los Chiles, Guatuso, el distrito de Sarapiquí del
Cantón de Alajuela, distrito de Río Cuarto del Cantón de Grecia, distrito de
San Isidro de Peñas Blancas del Cantón San Ramón y el Cantón de Upala, de la
Provincia de Alajuela. Se caracteriza por presentar zonas de vida de bosque
tropical húmedo y muy húmedo y bosque premontano muy húmedo; una temperatura
media anual mayor de 24°C y una altitud por debajo de los 600 msnm. Se
establecieron 50 parcelas temporales localizadas de diferentes sitios de la
región. A partir de la edad y la altura dominante, se construyeron las curvas
preliminares de índices de sitio. Se probaron once modelos para encontrar el de
mejor ajuste con los datos reales y el que estima mejor las curvas normales de
crecimiento biológico de esta especie. El modelo seleccionado fue LN (HDOM)=
5.248-3.329 (1 /EDAD)02, con un R2 = 0,32 y un Error Estándar de Estimación de
0,29 m. A partir de la curva guía se construyó una familia de seis curvas
polimórficas (intercepto común) con una edad base de 5 años y rangos entre
curvas de cada 4 m (10, 14, 18, 22, 26 y 30 m). Las curvas de índices de sitio
obtenidas muestran como el modelo seleccionado se adapta gráficamente a la
trayectoria de crecimiento de los datos reales. Tanto en la verificación como
en la validación del modelo, las estadísticas del análisis de residuos fueron
significativas. Se elaboró una clasificación práctica por clases de sitio y de
productividad. Con base en el índice de sitio a los 5 años, las parcelas se
agruparon en tres calidades de sitio: sitios altos (=21 m.), sitios medios (21
a 15 m) y sitios bajos (15m). En términos de productividad en volumen total la
diferencia entre las clases de sitio fue notoria. El incremento medio anual en
la clase baja (III) fue de 4.38 m3/halaño, con una edad promedio para esta
clase de 8.4 años. La clase media (II), tuvo un IMA de 11.66 m3/ha/año con una
edad promedio de 7 años y en la clase alta (I) se obtuvo 28.50 m3/ha/año, con
una edad promedio para esta clase de 9.5 años. La formación de las clases de
sitio sirvió como base para tratar de explicar diferencias entre los factores
de sitio estudiados. De las variables químicas las que mayor correlación
presentaron con el índice de sitio fueron el contenido de calcio (r.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: AD 650.
Publicación no.: 132 The Naturalized Knowledge System: A methodology for
community development [El Sistema de Conocimiento Naturalizado: Una metodología
para el desarrollo comunitario] / Leech, D.J.
Ottawa: University of Ottawa, 2000. 165 p. ISBN: 0-612-57128-9.
Thesis, M.A., University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Canada).
The extensive experience of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy in
adapting to their natural environment, and the distillation of this knowledge
and the traditions of their peoples, offers us a comprehensive model for
community development with the potential to overcome "crisis management" and
begin planning for the future. Based on respect, equity, and empowerment, the
Naturalized Knowledge System methodology enables us to evaluate, plan and
promote community development at all levels the individual, group, nation and
confederacy. An adaptive tool, it learns from past mistakes and successes,
integrating community development, cultural preservation, and environmental
restoration into one process. The fundaments elements of the Naturalized
Knowledge System methodology are developed in this paper, demonstrated in
application to the community development of the Maleku First Nation of Costa
Rica, and compared to other community development practices such as safety
audits for women in urban environments, and creating place-based cultural
representation in American cities.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 133 Forest genetic resources in Central America: the challenge
of conservation [Recursos genéticos forestales en Centroamérica: el desafío de
la conservación] / Barrance, A.J. (ODI. Portland House, Stag Place, London SW1E
DP, GB).
London: Overseas Development Institute, 1997. 10 p. (Rural Development Forestry
Network; Paper 21f).
Conclusions: The diversity of stakeholders with interests in how the forests of
Central America should be managed poses a major challenge to conservationists.
However, as the examples presented in this article have shown, with a
sufficiently innovative approach it is often possible to find commonalities of
interest and thereby to identify conservation strategies which minimise
conflicts. Several elements are of key importance if non-conflictive
conservation strategies are to be identified. A detailed and open-minded
analysis of the precise interests of the different stakeholders is essential.
Recognition that the interests of small farmers may often lie in diverse,
rather than highly selected material, for instance, highlights the opportunity
to combine seed production with the conservation of genetic diversity. Dialogue
and participation in the planning process will help different stakeholders to
acknowledge the validity of each others' interests and allow them to contribute
their suggestions as to how they may be reconciled. The fact that many examples
of 'conservation through use' are based upon traditional management systems
makes the participation of local people in the search for solutions especially
important. Creative thinking is requiredon the part of all those concerned; the
search in the forest for NTFPs or other opportunities for sustainable and
non-conflictive management should be mirrored by imaginative searches for areas
of potential demand in the market place. Despite the opportunities which exist
for reconciling the interests of different stakeholders, some of which are
presented in this paper, there will always be occasions in which conflicts of
interest occur which cannot be reconciled. In such cases it is important to
avoid the risk of 'falling between two stools' by attempting compromise
solutions to bridge the gap between fundamentally irreconcilable stakeholders,
which end up satisfying none of them. It is therefore important at an early
stage to take firm policy decisions as to who are to be the primary intended
beneficiaries of conservation or development programmes.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-121inglés. NBINA-121.
Publicación no.: 134 Estimating the greenhouse gas benefits of forestry
projects: a Costa Rican case study [Estimando los beneficios de los proyectos
forestales de gases invernadero: estudio de caso costarricense] / Busch, C.B.;
Sathaye, J.A.; Sánchez-Azofeifa, G.A. (Lawrence Energy Technologies Division.
Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Energy Analysis Department,
Berkeley, CA 94720, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Berkeley, CA: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2000. 119
p. (LBNL; no. 42289).
If the Clean Development Mechanism proposed under the Kyoto Protocol is to
serve as an effective means for combating global climate change, it will depend
upon reliable estimates of greenhouse gas benefits. This paper sketches the
theoretical basis for estimating the greenhouse gas benefits of forestry
projects and suggests lessons learned based on a case study of Costa Rica's
Protected Areas Project, which is a 500,000 hectare effort to reduce
deforestation and enhance reforestation. The Protected Areas Project in many
senses advances the state of the art for Clean Development Mechanism-type
forestry projects, as does the third-party verification work of SGS
International Certification Services on the project. Nonetheless, sensitivity
analysis shows that carbon benefit estimates for the project vary widely based
on the imputed deforestation rate in the baseline scenario, e.g. the
deforestation rate expected if the project were not implemented. This, along
with a newly available national dataset that confirms other research showing a
slower rate of deforestation in Costa Rica, suggests that the use of the
1979-1992 forest cover data originally as the basis for estimating carbon
savings should be reconsidered. When the newly available data is substituted,
carbon savings amount to 8.9 Mt (million tones) of carbon, down from the
original estimate of 15.7 Mt. The primary general conclusion is that project
developers should give more attention to the forecasting land use and land
cover change scenarios underlying estimates of greenhouse gas benefits.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6588.
Publicación no.: 135 Tortoise beetles of Costa Rica: new records and localities
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) [Abejones tortugas de Costa Rica:
nuevos registros y localidades (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)] /
Chaboo, C.S. (American Museum of Natural History. Department of Invertebrate
Zoology, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, NY 10024-5192, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Genus (ISSN 0867-1710), v. 14, no. 1, p. 109-120. 2003.
Sixteen species in 12 genera in the cassidine tribes Cassidini, Delocraniini,
Goniocheniini, Physonotini, Spilophorini, and Stolaini, are reported from Costa
Rica for the first time. Localities for these new records are presented. Data
are based on collections accumulated under the intensive survey of Costa Rica
by Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4327. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 136 Wetlands of Central America [Humedales de Centroamérica] /
Ellison, A.M. (Harvard University. Harvard Forest, P.O. Box 68, Petersham, MA
01366, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Wetlands Ecology and Management (ISSN 0923-4861), v, 12, no. 1, p. 3-55.
2004.
The wetlands of seven Central American countries - Belize, Guatemala, Honduras,
El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panamá - are reviewed. The regions'
wetlands are classified into five systems: marine, estuarine, riverine,
lacustrine, and palustrine. For each system, a state-of-the-art summary is
provided of their flora, fauna, soils, and their relationships with regional
geology and hydrology. Population and community ecology, and ecosystem
properties relevant for understanding the ecological structure of these
wetlands are detailed. Current anthropogenic threats to wetland ecosystems and
their biodiversity are outlined, along with national, regional, and
international strategies for wetland conservation and management. A specific
set of recommendations for wetland inventory, ecological research, and
management is given that would be effective within the social and cultural
framework of the Central American countries.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6594.
Publicación no.: 137 Fine-scale genetic structure and gene flow within Costa
Rican populations of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) [Estructura genética a
fina escala y deriva genética entre poblaciones costarricenses de cedro
(Swietenia macrophylla)] / Lowe, A.J.; Jourde, B.; Breyne, P.; Colpaert, N.;
Navarro-Pereira, C.M.; Wilson, J.; Cavers, S. (Centre of Ecology & Hydrology of
Edinburgh, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland, GB <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Heredity (ISSN 0018-067X), v. 90, no. 3, p. 268-275. 2003.
Fine-scale structure of genetic diversity and gene flow were analysed in three
Costa Rican populations of mahogany, Swietenia macrophylla. Population
differentiation estimated using AFLPs and SSRs was low (38.3 and 24%) and only
slightly higher than previous estimates for Central American populations based
on RAPD variation (20%). Significant fine-scale spatial structure was found in
all of the surveyed mahogany populations and is probably strongly influenced by
the limited seed dispersal range of the species. Furthermore, a survey of
progeny arrays from selected mother trees in two of the plots indicated that
most pollinations involved proximate trees. These data indicate that very
little gene flow, via either pollen or seed, is occurring between blocks of
mahogany within a continuous or disturbed forest landscape. Thus, once
diversity is removed from a forest population of mahogany, these data suggest
that recovery would be difficult via seed or pollen dispersal, and provides an
explanation for mahogany's apparent susceptibility to the pressures of logging.
Evidence is reviewed from other studies of gene flow and seedling regeneration
to discuss alternative extraction strategies that may maintain diversity or
allow recovery of genetic resource.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9075.
Publicación no.: 138 Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Hister servus group
(Coleoptera: Histeridae): a Neotropical radiation [Taxonomía y filogenia del
grupo Hister servus (Coleoptera: Histeridae): una radiación Neotropical] /
Caterino, M.S. (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Department of
Invertebrate Zoology, Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Systematic Entomology (ISSN 0307-6970), v. 24, p. 351-376. 1999.
The Hister servus group contains ten species and two species complexes.
Although the group's diversity is centred in Mexico and Central America, one
lineage, comprising H. indistinctus Say, H. defectus LeConte and H. fungicola
Schaeffer, has probablydiversified entirely in the south-eastern U.S. The
servus group also contains the following species: H. servus Erichson, H.
nodatus Lewis, H. doyeni sp.n., H. lagoi sp.n., H. bullatus Lewis, H. coronatus
Marseul and H. diadema Marseul and two diverse species complexes, dubbed the
comes complex and the montivagus complex. These two complexes require
additional sampling and study before species within them can be recognized.
They are, however, closely related to each other and appear to be paraphyletic
with respect to a Glade comprising H. bullatus, H. coronatus and H. diadema. A
prior hypothesis that the servus group includes H. sallei, H. matador sp.n. and
the species of Hister (Spilodiscus) is not well supported. Several sister
groups within the servus group show geographical disjunction between seasonal
tropical habitats of western North America and wetter montane habitats of the
eastern parts of the continent along the Gulf and Caribbean coasts.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10080. NBINA-3958.
Publicación no.: 139 Review of the genus Homeomastax (Eumastacinae,
Eumastacidae, Eumastacoidea, Orthoptera), with description of new species
[Revisión del género Homeomastax (Eumastacinae, Eumastacidae, Eumastacoidea,
Orthoptera), con descripción de nuevas especies] / Rowell, C.H.F.;
Bentos-Pereira, A. (Universität Basel. Zoologisches Institut, Rheinsprung 9,
4051 Basel, CH <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Journal of Orthoptera Research (ISSN 1082-6467), v. 10, no. 2, p. 209-254.
2001.
Seven new species of Homeomastax are described, two from Panama and five from
Costa Rica; a further new species from Colombia is noted, but not described
owing to the lack of a male. The genus now contains 22 species. On the basis of
the male genitalia the genus can be divided into 4 species groups, represented
by the species surda, bouvieri, kressi and silvicola respectively; those
species known only from the female (dentata, richteri, annulipes, and the new
Colombian form) cannot yet be arranged in this scheme. Apart fron male phallic
characters, the species are externally recognizable only by the male and female
subgenital plates and by morphometric ratios, especially E/P (elytron : femur).
Of the three species redescribed by Rehn & Rehn (1934), the originally missing
male of surda Purr and the female of veraguae Hebard are shown to have been
correctly assigned by those authors. Their redescription of H. dentata
Saussure, however, is invalid, as the type is a different taxon. The phallic
complex of the genus is described in detail, and observations or copulation and
the nature of the spermatophore are presented. We suggest that the hooked and
tapered end of the spermatophore may be used as an intromittent organ by the
copulating male. The natural history and geographical distribution of the genus
is reviewed; it occurs west and north of the Andean chains, though it extends
up the major inter-Andean valleys of Northern Colombia, and ranges from Ecuador
to Honduras. The four species groups are largely disjunct geographically. The
bouvieri-group is South American, with an out lying species (brachyptera) in
Central Panama; the surda-group is confined to the Pacific slope, the
kressi-group to the Caribbean slope, and the silvicola-group is known only from
the Caribbean slope and mountains of northern Costa Rica and southern
Nicaragua.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9516. NBINA-2514. Biblioteca de Inventario
(INBio).
Publicación no.: 140 The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica, 4: Introduction and keys
to species of the subfamilies Metopiinae; Banchinae (Atrophini, Banchini,
Glyptini) [Los Ichneumonidae de Costa Rica, 4: Introducción y claves para las
especies de las subfamilias Metopiinae; Banchinae (Atrophini, Banchini,
Glyptini)] / Gauld, I.D.; Sithole, R.; Ugalde-Gómez, J.; Godoy-Cabrera, C. (The
Natural History Museum. Department of Entomology, London SW7 5BD, GB <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute (ISSN 0065-8162), v. 66, p.
1-768. 2002.ISBN: 1-887988-10-6.
This work is a taxonomic revision of two large subfamilies of Ichneumonidae
present in Costa Rica, the Metopiinae and Banchinae. The study is based on an
intensive biological inventory, and in total more than 10,000 specimens have
been examined, although not all have been mounted and labelled. Such collecting
is essential as it ensures the very large number of rare species present in
tropical habitats are adequately represented. Biologically, the two ichneumonid
subfamilies treated in this work are similar in that the majority of species
are koinobiont endoparasitioids of the larvae of weakly concealed Lepidoptera,
whilst a few taxa in each subfamily are specialized to attack exposed
caterpillars. The study has revealed the presence in Costa Rica of 14 genera
and 130 species of the ichneumonid subfamily Metopiinae, and 24 genera and 253
species of the subfamily Banchinae. Illustrated keys are given to enable all of
these taxa to be identified by the non-specialist. In the Metopiinae 124 new
species and one new genus, Forrestopius, are described. The other metopiine
taxa (13 genera and 6 species), which have previously been named, are
redescribed in a standardised format. In the Banchinae extensive re-definition
of the Neotropical atrophine generahas been undertaken, and six new genera have
been described: Cordeleboea, Hadeleboea, Hylesicida, Podeleboea, Quillonota and
Wahlamia. One Old World genus, Leptobatopsis, is recorded from the New World
for the first time, and two South American genera, Cecidopimpla and Ptychopsis,
are newly recorded for Central America. Eudeleboea is treated as a synonym of
Meniscomorpha (syn. n.) and Isomeris is placed in synonymy under Lissonota
(syn. n.). Deleboea is restricted to include only the Andean type-species. In
the Banchinae 237 new species are described and the 16 species, which have
previously been named, are re-described in a standardised format. Meniscus
crassitarsus Cresson is placed in Hylesicida (comb n.), Lissonota pulchra
Cameron is shown to be a junior synonym of Mnioes jucundus (Cresson) (syn. n.),
Mesoleius zapotecus Cameron is a junior synonym of Extastes tarsalis Cresson
(syn. n.) and Phytodietus guatemalensis Cameron is a junior synonym of
Loxodocus cressoni (Cameron) (syn. n.). Where knowndetails are presented about
the geographical distribution, seasonal abundance and recorded hosts of all the
various taxa. An appendix provides a supplement to the treatment of the
Pimplinae given in Volume 1 of this series (Mem. Amer. Ent. Inst., 47). In this
a new genus and species, Inbioia pivai, are described. Full nomenclatural
details are listed in Appendix 2.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 595.79 G269i-IV. Biblioteca de Inventario
(INBio).
Publicación no.: 141 Nomenclatural notes and new species of Sceloenoplini
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) [Notas sobre nomenclatura y nuevas
especies de Sceloenoplini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)] / Staines,
C.L., Jr. (3302 Decker Place, Edgewater, MD 21037, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5326), no. 89, p. 1-32. 2002.
Twenty new species from Costa Rica are described and illustrated: Ocnosispa
condyla, O. depressa, O. humerosa, Pseudispa bellula, P sinuata, P tuberculata,
Sceloenopla apicispina, S. bicolorata, S. bidentata, S. expanda, S. flava, S.
lampyridiformis,S. lutena, S. minuta, S. nigropicta, S. rubivittata, S.
sanguinea, S. trivittata, S. unicostata, and S. univittata. Sceloenopla gemmans
(Baly) is transferred to Pseudispa. Sceloenopla biolleyi (Pic) is treated as a
junior synonym of S. scherzeri (Baly); S. testacepennis (Pic) is treated as a
junior synonym of S. proxima (Baly); and S. bryanti (Bondar) is treated as a
junior synonym of S. sheppardi (Baly). A summary of Uhmann's (1937) species
groups of Sceloenopla, a key to the Central American Sceloenoplini genera, and
keys to the species of Ocnosispa, Pseudispa, and Sceloenopla known from Central
America are presented.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9521. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 142 Efecto de la labranza mínima y la convencional en frijol
(Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en la Región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica [Effect of
minimum and conventional tillage in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the
Northern Huetar Region in Costa Rica] / Rojas, L.A.; Chávez, G. (Instituto
Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Agronomía, Sede Regional de San Carlos,
Santa Clara, cr <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Mesoamericana (ISSN 1021-7444), v. 13, no. 2, p. 105-110. 2002.
The work was conducted in the northern area of Costa Rica where two plots were
sown: one of minimum tillage (1.85 ha) and another of conventional tillage (2
ha). Both tillage systems were planted with a hydraulic shower fertilizer. The
sown variety was the Brunca. The population of bean plants evaluated during the
vegetative stage was of 9.37 plants/lineal meter in minimum tillage, and of
9.55 plants/lineal meter in conventional tillage. The weed density was larger
under conventional tillage and themost prevalent weeds were Richardia scabra,
Rottboellia cochinchinensis y Spermacoce sp. The dry weight of weeds was of
37.6 g of weed/frame of 0.25 m² in minimum tillage, while in the conventional
tillage it was of 46.4 g of weed/frame. The incidence and severity of
web-blight (Tanatheporus cucumeris) in the system of minimum tillage was of
42.8% and of 0.83, respectively, while in conventional tillage it was of 52.2%
and 1.22, respectively. In the system of minimum tillage the yield was of 930
kg/ha, and in conventional of 676 kg/ha.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: ACD29.
Publicación no.: 143 Manejo del rastrojo, las malezas y el arroz voluntario en
un sistema de rotación frijol-arroz / Herrera-Murillo, F. (Universidad de Costa
Rica. Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit Moreno, Facultad de Agronomía, Apdo
183-4050, Alajuela, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 2003. 182 p.
Tesis, Doctor en Sistemas de Producción Agrícola Tropical Sostenible,
Universidad de Costa Rica, Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de
Ciencias Agroalimentarias, San José (Costa Rica).
Con el propósito de contribuir a desarrollar estrategias apropiadas para el
manejo del rastrojo de arroz, las malezas y el arroz voluntario en el cultivo
de frijol en rotación con arroz, se realizaron 25 experimentos en el cantón de
Los Chiles y en la Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit de la Universidad de
Costa Rica. En un estudio de la composición florística del rastrojo previo a la
siembra de frijol en rotación con arroz, realizado en la región de Los Chiles,
se encontró que el rastrojo de arrozocupó el 93 % de la biomasa seca total, la
cual fue aproximadamente 6 t/ha, mientras que 34 especies de malezas solo
contribuyeron con un 7 % de esa biomasa. La cobertura del suelo por el rastrojo
varió entre un 92 y 99 %. Para desecar el rastrojo y dejar el terreno preparado
para la siembra del frijol con sembradoras para mínima labranza, se evaluaron
varias dosis de herbicidas sistémicos no selectivos. Se encontró que el
glifosato, sulfosato, glufosinato de amonio y paraquat en las dosis evaluadas
fueron efectivos en desecar el rastrojo de arroz. Sin embargo el glifosato
presentó además otras ventajas como, el menor costo, una baja toxicidad a los
animales y fácil degradación microbiana. También se demostró que este herbicida
puede ser aplicado hastaun día antes o después de la siembra del frijol sin
causarle toxicidad. A su vez, cuanto menor fue el tiempo transcurrido desde la
aplicación del herbicida hasta la siembra del frijol, mayor fue la cobertura
del suelo por los rastrojos durante el periodocritico de competencia del
frijol, contribuyendo significativamente a suprimir la población de malezas y
en algunos casos a mejorar el rendimiento. La cantidad de rastrojo dejada sobre
la superficie del suelo fue un factor importante en la supresión de malezas,
pues en cantidades superiores a cinco toneladas de materia seca por hectárea
fue suficiente para minimizar la población de malezas y obtener rendimientos
adecuados de frijol sin necesidad de utilizar más aplicaciones de herbicidas.
También se estudio la posible interferencia del rastrojo de arroz en la
eficacia de herbicidas preemergentes que podrían ser utilizados como
complemento, cuando el rastrojo por sí solo no es suficiente para suprimir las
malezas. En el caso de la pendimetalina, no ocurrió interferencia por los
residuos cuando se aplicaron riegos aéreos de 45 mm/m² o más, después de la
aplicación del herbicida y antes que emergieran las malezas; mientras que, en
condiciones secas y de poco rastrojo (2,3 a 4,6 t ms/ha), la eficacia del
herbicida fue ligeramente menor que en suelo desnudo. El imazetapir no fue
afectado en estas condiciones, posiblemente debido a su mayor solubilidad en
agua. Otro de los temas estudiados fue la posible interferencia del arroz
voluntario (AV) en el rendimiento del frijol y la eficacia de algunas
estrategias para su control. Se encontró que en condiciones húmedas y suelos
aptos para el frijol, éste toleró hasta 120 plantas de AV/m², pero en
condiciones favorables al crecimiento del arroz, 50 o más plantas/m². causaron
una reducción significativa en el rendimiento del frijol. Este cultivo fue más
sensible a la competencia con el AV entre las etapas V4 y R7, mientras que,
entre la emergencia y la etapa V3, densidades de hasta 300 plantas de AV/m², no
redujeron el rendimiento del frijol. Finalmente se realizaron varios
experimentos con el propósito de identificar algunos tratamientos químicos, que
fueran efectivos para el combate del arroz voluntario y otras malezas durante
el ciclo de crecimiento del frijol. Se encontró un adecuado control del arroz
voluntario con el herbicida cletodim, aplicado en dosis de 84 a 120 g/ha cuando
el AV estaba en 1 a 3 hojas. En estados de desarrollo más avanzados se requirió
de dosis de 240 g/ha para eliminarlo. Este herbicida en mezcla de tanque con
bentazón o imazetapir, utilizados para controlar maleas dicotiledóneas, mostró
un leve antagonismo mutuo en el control de las malezas, pero esto no afectó los
rendimientos del frijol, cuando las malezas presentes fueron sensibles a esos
herbicidas.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: 22024.
Publicación no.: 144 Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación: Parques
nacionales y otras áreas silvestres protegidas de Costa Rica / Mena-Araya, Y.;
Artavia-Zamora, G. (Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía. Sistema Nacional de Áreas
de Conservación; Equipo de Áreas Silvestres Protegidas, San José, CR).
San José: MINAE, 1998. 67 p.
La labor realizada en el país durante las últimas décadas en el campo de la
conservación, es producto de los esfuerzos compartidos por el Estado y la
comunidad nacional, lo cual ha otorgado al país un reconocimiento y una
responsabilidad que exige afrontar con novedosos y eficientes planteamientos,
los retos del desarrollo sostenible para el próximo siglo. Con el
establecimiento del Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación se propone
resguardar los ecosistemas más sobresalientes, integrando los gobiernos
locales, empresa privada, organizaciones e individuos en las iniciativas de
conservación de los recursos naturales del país. En este documento se presentan
los aspectos más relevantes sobre la gestión del Sistema Nacional de Areas de
Conservación,con la intención de satisfacer la demanda de información requerida
por la población estudiantil y otros interesados en el tema. Se describe el
marco conceptual y estructura de la nueva organización, y se resume la
situación actual de las áreas silvestresprotegidas del país. El Sistema
Nacional de Áreas de Conservación (SINAC) surge como parte de un proceso de
modernización del esquema de gestión administrativo y de manejo de los recursos
naturales del país que se viene desarrollando desde el decenio de los setentas.
La puesta en operación de este enfoque ha implicado fuertes cambios
conceptuales y administrativos, así como la formulación de los cambios
jurídicos necesarios para consolidar el SINAC. Este nuevo modelo de gestión
está orientado a satisfacer los requerimientos de una nueva administración de
las áreas silvestres protegidas y a satisfacer las necesidades socioeconómicas
de las comunidades aledañas a éstas, mediante su integración al desarrollo
regional. Las Áreas de Conservación sirven de enlace entre las organizaciones
locales y nacionales, en procura de un aprovechamiento racional de los recursos
naturales disponibles y la búsqueda de soluciones conjuntas a la problemática
ambiental de la región. El fundamento de la gestión del SINAC consiste en
integrar, por una parte, las áreas silvestres protegidas a la sociedad por
medio de la producción de bienes y servicios, así como desarrollar los medios
para que la sociedad participe en la administración de las mismas. Por otra
parte, fomenta el manejo de los recursos naturales por parte del sector
privado, organizaciones e individuos mediante el apoyo a iniciativas de
producción sostenibles que aseguren la conservación de los sistemas esenciales
para la vida.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: AD 481.
Publicación no.: 145 A monographic revision of the genus Platycoelia Dejean
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini) [Revisión monográfica del
género Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae:
Anoplognathini)] / Smith, A.B.T. (University of Nebraska State Museum. Division
of Entomology, W436 Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0514, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (ISSN 0093-6812), v.
15, p. 1-202. 2003.
This paper presents a taxonomic revision of the genus Platycoelia Dejean
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini: Platycoeliina).
Phylogenetic analyses of all species in the genus were conducted and the
biogeography of the genus is discussed. The phylogenetic analysis supports the
monophyly of Platycoelia and divides the genus into four major clades. Based on
the cladistic analysis, the generic names Callichloris Burmeister, Leucopelaea
Bates, and Epicallichloris Gutiérrez are considered synonyms of Platycoelia.
Character states supporting monophyletic clades are discussed. Descriptions and
keys to all taxa are included. The genus Platycoelia was revised and now
includes 62 species, 19 of which are described as new. The new species are: P.
aenigma, P. altiplana, P. butleri, P. convexa, P. flavohumeralis, P. furva, P.
galerana, P. grandicula, P. hiporum, P. ignota, P. inca, P. insolita, P.
interstincta, P. meridensis, P. paucarae, P. peruviana, P. pusilla, P. sandia,
P. traceyae. The following species group names are placed in synonymy: P.
boliviensis Blanchard (= P. pomacea Erichson), P. brasiliensis Ohaus (= P.
pomacea Erichson), P. limbata Ohaus (= P. prasina Erichson), P. nigricauda
Bates (= P. parva Kirsch), P. proseni Martínez (= P. burmeisteri Arrow), P.
pulchrior Ohaus (= P. chrysotina Ohaus), P. tucumana Ohaus (= P. inflata
Ohaus). Lectotypes were selected for the following names: Callichloris
baessleri Ohaus, C. bocki Ohaus, C. helleri Ohaus, C. signaticollis Burmeister,
Leucopelaea baronis Ohaus, Melolontha flavostriata Latreille, P. abdominalis
Ohaus, P. alternans Erichson, P. boliuiensis Blanchard, P. burmeisteri Arrow,
P. burmeisteri Ohaus, P. chrysotina Ohaus, P. confluens Ohaus, P.
flauoscutellata Ohaus, P. forcipalis Ohaus, P. gaujoni Ohaus, P. hirta Ohaus,
P. humeralis Bates, P. inflata Ohaus, P. inflata tucumana Ohaus, P. intermedia
Ohaus, P. laevis Burmeister, P. limbata Ohaus, P. lutescens Blanchard, P.
marginata Burmeister, P. mesosternalis Ohaus, P. nervosa Kirsch, P. nigrocauda
Bates, P. nigrosternalis Ohaus, P. occidentalis Ohaus, P. olivacea Blanchard,
P. parva Kirsch, P. pomacea Erichson, P. pomacea brasiliensis Ohaus, P. prasina
Erichson,1'. pulchrior Ohaus, P. purrcticollis Ohaus, P. quadrilincata
Burmeister, P. rufosignata Ohaus, P. scutellata Guérin-Méneville, P. simplicior
Ohaus, P. steinheili Ohaus, P. tschudii Ohaus, P. unguicularis Ohaus, P. valida
Burmeister, P. variolosa Ohaus, P. wallisi Ohaus. Neotypes were designated for
Callichloris alticola Gutiérrez and Callichloris laelaps Gutiérrez.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 146 A new genus and a new Costa Rican species of
Endocephalites (Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Eumolpini) [Un nuevo género y una
nueva especie costarricense de Endocephalites (Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae:
Eumolpini)] / Flowers, R.W. (Florida A&M University. Center for Biological
Control, Tallahassee, FL 32307, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 221, p. 1-11. 2003.
Thysanomeros new genus is described from Costa Rica. The new species
Thysanomeros ulateae Flowers is described, and Prionodera jacobyi Lefévre is
transfered to Thysanomeros new combination and designated as the type species.
The new genus belongs in the informal group Endocephalites of the eumolpine
tribe Eumolpini.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-946. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 147 Systematic revision of Anopinella Powell (Lepidoptera:
Tortricidae: Euliini) and phylogenetic analysis of the Apolychrosis group of
genera [Revisión sistemática de Anopinella Powell (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae:
Euliini) y análisis filogenético de los géneros del grupo Apolychrosis] /
Brown, J.W.; Adamski, D. (National Museum of Natural History. USDA-ARS,
Institute of Plant Sciences, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Washington, DC
20560, US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 200, p. 1-94. 2003.
Thirty-five species are recognized in the Neotropical genus Anopinella Powell,
including 5 previously described, A. isodelta (Meyrick), A. triquetra
(Walsingham), A. ophiodes (Walsingham), A. aurea (Razowski & Becker), new
combination, and A. perblanda (Razowski & Becker), new combination, and 30
described as new: A. albolinea (TL: Costa Rica), A. araguana (TL: Venezuela),
A. arenalana (TL: Costa Rica), A. boliviana (TL: Bolivia), A. brasiliana (TL:
Brazil), A. cafrosana (TL: Costa Rica), A. cartagoa (TL: Costa Rica), A.
carabayana (TL: Peru), A. choko (TL: Colombia), A. cuzco (TL: Peru), A. fana
(TL: Venezuela), A. holandia (TL: Guatemala), A. larana (TL: Venezuela), A.
macrosema (TL: Costa Rica), A. mariana (TL: Guatemala), A. panamana (TL:
Panama), A. parambana (TL: Ecuador), A. peruvensis (TL: Peru), A. phillipsae
(TL: Costa Rica), A. porrasa (TL: Costa Rica), A. powelli (TL: Costa Rica), A.
rastafariana (TL: Jamaica), A. razowskii (TL: Brazil), A. rica (TL: Costa
Rica), A. rigidana (TL: CostaRica), A. styraxivora (TL: Costa Rica), A.
sympatrica (TL: Guatemala), A. tinalandana (TL: Ecuador), A. transecta (TL:
Costa Rica), and A. tucki (TL: Peru). The genus occurs from Jamaica and
southern Mexico to southern Thirty-five species are recognized in the
Neotropical genus Anopinella Powell, including 5 previously described, A.
isodelta (Meyrick), A. triquetra (Walsingham), A. ophiodes (Walsingham), A.
aurea (Razowski & Becker), new combination, and A. perblanda (Razowski &
Becker), new combinationand 30 described as new: A. albolinea (TL: Costa Rica),
A. araguana (TL: Venezuela), A. arenalana (TL: Costa Rica), A. boliviana (TL:
Bolivia), A. brasiliana (TL: Brazil), A. cafrosana (TL: Costa Rica), A.
cartagoa (TL: Costa Rica), A. carabayana (TL: Peru), A. choko (TL: Colombia),
A. cuzco (TL: Peru), A. fana (TL: Venezuela), A. holandia (TL: Guatemala), A.
larana (TL: Venezuela), A. macrosema (TL: Costa Rica), A. mariana (TL:
Guatemala), A. panamana (TL: Panama), A. parambana (TL: Ecuador), A. peruvensis
(TL: Peru), A. phillipsae (TL: Costa Rica), A. porrasa (TL: Costa Rica), A.
powelli (TL: Costa Rica), A. rastafariana (TL: Jamaica), A. razowskii (TL:
Brazil), A. rica (TL: Costa Rica), A. rigidana (TL: Costa Rica), A. styraxivora
(TL: Costa Rica),A. sympatrica (TL: Guatemala), A. tinalandana (TL: Ecuador),
A. transecta (TL: Costa Rica), and A. tucki (TL: Peru). The genus occurs from
Jamaica and southern Mexico to southern Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia. One
species has been reared from the fruit of Styrax (Styracaceae), one from a
fungus gall on Inga longispina (Fabaceae), and one from the stem of Vernonia
(Asteraceae). We re-examine phylogenetic relationships among Anopinella and its
putative related genera, Seticosta Razowski, Punctapinella Brown, Strophotina
Brown, and Apolychrosis Amsel. We synonymize Ecuadorica Razowski & Becker,
2000, with Anopinella.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-945.
Publicación no.: 148 The Mexican and Central American species of Astaenomoechus
(Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Ceratocanthinae) [Las especies mexicanas y
centroamericanas de Astaenomoechus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Ceratocanthinae)]
/ Howden, H.F.; Gill, B.D. (Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O.Box 3443 Station D,
Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, CA <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Sociobiology (ISSN 0361-6525), v. 42, no. 2, p. 201-242. 2003.
The Mexican and Central American species of Astaenomoechus Martínez and Pereira
are revised. Thirteen species are recognized of which four were previously
described: A. setosus, A. nevermanni and A. americanus all described by
Boucomont (1936) from specimens collected in termite nests in Costa Rica and A.
estriatus, a South American species described by Paulian (1982) that ranges
into Central America. Nine new species are recognized: A. cavei, A. hispidus,
A. mixtus, A. multipunctatus, A. paniculus, A. parvosetosus, A. punctifrons, A.
solisi and A. strigulosus. All species occur in Costa Rica except A. cavei,
which is found in Honduras and Belize. Only one species, A. americanus, occurs
in Mexico. All species are described, keyed and lectotypes are selected for the
species described by Boucomont (1936).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9287.
Publicación no.: 149 Systematics and cladistic analysis of Cerophytidae
(Elateroidea: Coleoptera) [Sistemática y análisis cladístico de Cerophytidae
(Elateroidea: Coleoptera)] / Costa, C.; Vanin, S.A.; Lawrence, J.F.; Ide, S.
(Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 42.694, 01064-970
São Paulo, BR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Systematic Entomology (ISSN 0307-6970), v. 28, no. 3, p. 375-407. 2003.
The elateroid family Cerophytidae, originally based on Cerophytum Latreille, is
characterized and revised. Detailed morphological studies of adults and a
cladistic analysis permitted the recognition of three well-defined lineages:
one in the Holarctic Region, and the other two in the Neotropical Region, each
one distributed from southern Mexico to South America. The resulting cladogram
for these genera is ((Cerophytum) (Brachycerophytum, Phytocerum)). Cerophytum
includes four species: C. elateroides(Latreille) (type species, southern and
central Europe), C. convexicolle (LeConte) (western U.S.A.), C. japonicum
Sasaji (Japan) and C. pulsator (Haldeman) (eastern U.S.A.). Brachycerophytum
gen.n. contains two Neotropical species: B. fuscicorne (Bonvouloir) comb.n.
(type species, Mexico to Colombia) and B. sinchona sp.n. (Peru and Bolivia).
Phytocerum gen.n. includes fifteen species: P. golbachi sp.n. (type species,
Argentina), P. alleni sp.n. (Costa Rica, Nicaragua), P. belloi sp.n. (Brazil),
P. biraisp.n. (Brazil), P. boliviense (Golbach) comb.n. (Bolivia), P.
burakowskii sp.n. (Trinidad), P. cayennense (Bonvouloir) comb.n. (Mexico,
French Guyana, Brazil), P. distinguendum (Soares & Peracchi) comb.n. (Brazil,
Paraguay and Argentina), P. serraticornesp.n. (Guatemala), P. golbachi sp.n.
(Argentina), P. ingens sp.n. (Brazil), P. inpa sp.n. (Brazil), P. minutum
(Golbach) comb.n. (Argentina), P. simonkai sp.n. (Trinidad), P. trinidadense
(Golbach) comb.n. (Trinidad) and P. zikani (Soares & Peracchi) comb.n.
(Brazil). Diagnoses for the genera, redescriptions and descriptions for the
species, as well as keys to genera and species, are provided. The larva of C.
elateroides is redescribed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1002.
Publicación no.: 150 Manual de plantas de Costa Rica. Volumen II. Gimnospermas
y monocotiledóneas (Agavaceae-Musaceae) / Hammel, B.E, (ed.).; Grayum, M.H,
(ed.).; Herrera-Mora, C, (ed.).; Zamora-Villalobos, N.A, (ed.).; Troyo-Jiménez,
S, (il.).; Crow, G.E.; Faden, R.B.; Goldblatt, P.; Gómez-Laurito, J.; Grant,
J.S.; Grayum, M.H.; Hammel, B.E.; Hensold, N.; Kennedy, H.; Kress, W.J.; Maas,
P.J.M.; Maas-van de Kamer, H.; Meerow, A.W.; Merello, M.; Morales-Quirós, J.F.
(Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Apdo. 22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia,
CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden (ISSN
0161-1542), v. 92, no. 2, 694 pp. 2003.ISBN: 1-930723-22-9.
The Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica is a concise, illustrated guide to all of
the species of native, naturalized, and commercially cultivated seed plants of
this Central American country, which lies between Nicaragua and Panama and is
thus centered in isthmian Central America- a biogeographical funnel between
South- and North America, densely rich in species and geological history. The
Manual is the first comprehensive Spanish-language account of the Costa Rican
flora. The work is presented in a series of several volumes, Volume II,
including all the gymnosperms and part of the monocots, is the first to appear.
Nearly one half of the species in this volume are distributed among three
large, economically and ornamentally important families: the Araceae
(Philodendron, etc.) with 248 species, the Arecaceae (the palms) with 109
species, and the Bromeliaceae (pineapple, etc.) with 195 species. In total,
1125 species of monocots in 35 families are presented. Gymnosperms, of low
diversity in the tropics,with only five families and 13 species in Costa Rica
that fit the Manual's general criteria of native, naturalized, or commercially
cultivated, are fully treated. Besides brief formal descriptions and informal
notes about each of a total of 40 families, 190 genera, and 1136 species of
seed plants, this identification manual contains keys to all the gymnosperm and
monocot families treated in the series, as well as to the genera and species
included within this volume. In all, 218 original line drawings and 40
black-and-white photographs illustrate the treatments.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 581.97286 M294. PV. LC. LS.
Publicación no.: 151 The terrestrial isopod genus Ischioscia in Costa Rica: new
species and records and an analysis of its phylogeny (Crustacea, Isopoda,
Oniscidea) [El género de isópodos terrestres Ischioscia en Costa Rica: nuevas
especies y registros y un análisis de su filogenia (Crustacea, Isopoda,
Oniscidea)] / Leistikow, A. (University of Bielefeld. Fakultät Biologie, Abt
Morphology & Systematics Tiere, Morgenbreede 45, D-33615 Bielefeld, DE <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fuer Naturkunde in Berlin - Zoologische Reihe
(ISSN 1435-1935), v. 76, no. 1, p. 19-49. 2000.
(No abstract).
Localización: biblioteca OEt: S10880.
Publicación no.: 152 Revision of the Phyllophaga s.s. schizorhina species group
(Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae) [Revisión de los Phyllophaga s.s.
del grupo schizorhina (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Melolonthinae)] / Morón-Ríos,
M.A. (Instituto de Ecología. Departamento de Entomología, Apdo. Postal 63,
Xalapa, Veracruz 91000, MX <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Canadian Entomologist (ISSN 0008-347X), v. 135, no. 2, p. 213-302.
2003.
The Phyllophaga schizorhina (Bates) species group is revised, and the following
new species are described from specimens collected in Mexico, Guatemala,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and Ecuador: P. changuena sp. nov., P. onoreana
sp. nov., P. solisiana sp. nov., P. schizorhinoides sp. nov., P. boruca sp.
nov., P. izabalana sp. nov., P. canoana sp. nov., P. chortiana sp. nov., P.
zarcoana sp. nov., P. chiblacana sp. nov., P. javepacuana sp. nov., P.
ocozocuana sp. nov., P. chimoxtila sp. nov., P. cholana sp. nov., P. tuxtleca
sp. nov., P. zaragozana sp. nov., P. matacapana sp. nov., P. catemacoana sp.
nov., P. atratoides sp. nov., P. humboldtiana sp. nov., P. comaltepecana sp.
nov., P. dsaimana sp. nov., P. quiana sp. nov., P. yoloxana sp. nov, and P.
pseudoatra sp. nov. Phyllophaga schizorhina and P. nigrita are recorded for
first time from Costa Rica. A key is provided for males of the 38 species.
Diagnostic structures of all species are illustrated and distribution maps are
provided.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9203. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 153 Prevalence of eight molecular markers associated with
thrombotic diseases in six Amerindian tribes and two African groups of Costa
Rica [Predominio de ocho marcadores moleculares asociados con enfermedades
trombóticas en seis tribus de amerindios y dos grupos africanos de Costa Rica]
/ Herrmann, F.H.; Salazar-Sánchez, L.; Schuster, G.; Jiménez-Arce, G.; Grimm,
R.; Gómez, X.; Chávez, M.; Wulff, K.; Schröder, W. (Ernst Moritz Arndt
Universität. Institut für Humangeneitk, Fleischmannstr 42-44, D-17489
Greifswald, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: American Journal of Human Biology (ISSN 1042-0533), v. 16, no. 1, p. 82-86.
2004.
Individuals belonging to six different Amerindian tribes and two African groups
of Costa Rica were genotyped for factor V Leiden (FV), factor V haplotype HR2
(FV HR2), Factor II 20210GA (FII), the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
(MTHFR), factor VII polymorphisms (FVII IVS7, FVII R353Q), factor XIII (FXIII
V34L), and the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the gene of angiotensin
converting enzyme (ACE). Clear differences in the prevalence were found and are
first reported. The prevalence of some of the established genetic risk factors
was low in Amerindians of Costa Rica (ACE) or even absent (FVL, FII), and
others (MTHFR, FVHR2) had an extremely high prevalence. People of African
origin carried very rare FVL or FII polymorphisms, but the DD genotype of ACE
is the highest reported. Concerning the protective factors, the QQ genotype of
FVII R353Q was absent in Amerindians, but the protective 7/7 genotype of FVII
IVS7 frequently found. Novel alleles of FVII IVS7 (4, 8, and 9 monomers) were
found. Intertribal heterogeneity was observed that may reflect the evolutionary
history of these tribal groups and their admixture with other populations.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1162.
Publicación no.: 154 Fertilización fosforada del pejibaye para palmito (Bactris
gasipaes) en vivero y en plantación [Phosphorus fertilization of peach palm
(Bactris gasipaes) for heart-of-palm in nurseries and plantations] / Ares, A.;
Molina-Rojas, E.; Cox, F.; Yost, R.; Boniche, J. (University of Hawaii at
Manoa. Departmet of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu,
HI 96822, US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Costarricense (ISSN 0377-9424), v. 26, no. 2, p. 63-74. 2002.
Two trials in peach palm for heart-of-palm were carried out to evaluate
fertilizer response and the predictive level of foliar and soil analysis as
diagnostic tools of P deficiency. The first in a greenhouse in Guápiles, Limón,
with 30 cm-high nursery plants of the Putumayo variety, by evaluating the
application of 6 rates of P established on the basis of the buffer coefficient.
Five Andisols and 5 Ultisols were used, all with deficient values of available
P. After 6 months, measurements were made for height, fresh and dry weight of
aerial biomass, P content in the plant and the level of extractable P by
Modified Olsen and Mehlich 3. The second experiment was in Caño Negro, San
Carlos, in a 2 year-old commercial plantation of the Tucurrique spiny variety.
Response to P fertilization was evaluated in a P deficient Inceptisol of low
fertility, using 6 rates also defined by the buffer coefficient. During a
2-year period, monthly measurements were made for fresh weight of reaped
heart-of-palm; trimestral sampling of soil and foliage was done for the
analysis of available P and total P, respectively. In the greenhouse test, a
critical level of 10 mg-1 of P in Ultisols was estimated with the Modified
Olsen solution, which was related to a minimum valueof foliar P of 0.14%.
Extractable P by Modified Olsen was not an efficient parameter for the
diagnosis of P deficiency in Andisols. In the field, although all the
treatments exceeded the control, no clear response to P fertilization was found
after 2 years of evaluation; yields of the first year reaping varied between
14785 and 16238 kg ha-1 year-1 of fresh heart-of-palm and in the second year
between 12109 and 13561 kg ha-1 year-1. The conventional methods of diagnosis
of P deficiency through soil and foliar analyses were, in general, not useful
to indicate a positive response of heart-of-palm to P applications. This
reaffirms the need for research on alternative diagnostic methods for woody
perennials, such as the analysis of soluble organic P, P in the soil solution,
and the effect of mycorrhizas on the P supply to heart-of-palm.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: A.
Publicación no.: 155 Diversity of native rice (Oryza, Poaceae) species of Costa
Rica [Diversidad de especies nativas de arroz de Costa Rica (Oryza, Poaceae)] /
Zamora-Meléndez, A.; Barboza, C.; Lobo-Segura, J.A.; Espinoza-Esquivel, A.M.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y
Molecular (CIBCM), San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution (ISSN 0925-9864), v. 50, no. 8, p.
855-870. 2003.
We found several populations of wild Oryza species in the lowlands of Costa
Rica. The plants showed extensive morphological variation, suggesting the
presence of several species. In the morphologic study, 33 traits were scored
for plants of all the species. A principal component analysis revealed the
significant morphological separation of the different species. The analyses
indicated that there are three species, O. grandiglumis, O. latifolia and O.
glumaepatula. Two putative hybrid types were found, both significantly
differing in their morphology from the known species and intermediate at
several traits. O. grandiglumis is a new record for Costa Rican flora. Its main
population is located in Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge, Los Chiles, Alajuela. O.
latifolia is distributed throughout the lowlands of the country and the plants
of the Atlantic slope are significantly bigger in general habit than those of
the Guanacaste area. During this study a population of O. glumaepatula of
hundreds of thousands ofplants was discovered in the Medio Queso River wetland,
Los Chiles, Alajuela. This population is the most important source of genes for
cultivar's improvement from the primary gene pool of rice in Costa Rica. The
small ligule and the wide flag leaf characteristic of the two CCDD species
separated them from the AA diploid O. glumaepatula. Seed size, ligule size,
number of branches in the panicle, plant height and sterile lemma length are
all bigger in O. grandiglumis, and influenced the second factor that separated
the CCDD species in two discrete clusters. The species found offer great
possibilities for the improvement of rice cultivars and they should be
thoroughly studied and appropriately protected.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1124.
Publicación no.: 156 Efecto de la caída prematura de los frutos de los cítricos
causada por el hongo Colletotrichum acutatum en la producción de naranja en la
Región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica / Arce-Coto, E.
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 2003. 62 p.
Tesis, Mag. Sc. en Ciencias Agrícolas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de
Costa Rica, Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, San José (Costa Rica).
Se corroboró la presencia del hongo Colletotrichum acutatum como patógeno
asociado a la enfermedad de la caída prematura de los frutos de los cítricos
(PFD) en Costa Rica y se estudió el efecto de la incidencia de esta enfermedad
y de la cantidad de cálices permanentes ("botones", "discos" o "estrellas")
presentes en los árboles de naranja sobre la floración, producción y calidad de
fruta. Se colectaron muestras de PFD de diferentes regiones de país y se
analizaron por medio de cultivos en medio diferencial y PCR. La investigación
sobre la incidencia y cálices permanentes se realizó en Los Chiles y San Carlos
(Pital), cantones de Alajuela. En ambas localidades se utilizaron árboles de
naranja Valencia de 8 años de edad sobre patrón Swingle. En cada zona se
seleccionó un lote con historial de PFD y en cada uno se seleccionaron 42
árboles, de porte similar y con diferentes cantidades de cálices permanentes.
Previo a la cosecha 1999-2000 se marcaron al azar 12 ramas en cada árbol y en
los 75 cm terminales de cada una, se contó el número de discos y de frutos;
posteriormente, se cosecharon los árboles por separado y se midió la cosecha en
términos de kilogramos de fruta por árbol, contenido de sólidos solubles por
caja de 41 kg, brix, acidez y tamaño de fruta (frutas/caja). En las mismas
ramas previo a cada una de las floraciones de febrero y mayo del 2000, se contó
la cantidad de cálices permanentes y durante las floraciones se contó
semanalmente el número de flores, flores enfermas, discos productode la
enfermedad y frutos producidos. Con esta información se calcularon los
porcentajes de cuaje de fruta, aborto natural e incidencia de la enfermedad. En
la cosecha 1999-2000 se encontraron de forma consistente en las dos localidades
correlaciones negativas entre el número de discos presentes en los árboles y el
número de frutas producidas. Además, estos cálices permanentes presentaron
correlaciones negativas en la zona de mayor cosecha (Los Chiles), con los
grados brix, la acidez y el contenido de sólidos solubles (P0,01 a P0,05). En
la zona con menor cosecha (Pital) se encontró una correlación negativa (r =
-0,56 y P0,05) con el tamaño de fruta. En todos los casos anteriores los
modelos de regresión lineal fueron significativos. También la interacción entre
la cantidad de fruta y cálices permanentes fue significativa en los modelos de
regresión múltiple (P0,0001 a P0,006), afectando negativamente el contenido de
sólidos solubles, la acidez y el tamaño de la fruta. Además, se encontraron
correlaciones positivas entre el número de cálices permanentes y el número de
nuevos discos formados en las épocas de mayor floración en cada zona. En las
floraciones de febrero del 2000, en las dos zonas, se encontraron correlaciones
positivas entre la cantidad de flores producidas y la incidencia de PFD con
P0,005 en Los Chiles y P 0,05 en Pital. En Los Chiles, se presentó una buena
correlación negativa (r = -0,7 y P0,005) entre la incidencia de PFD y la
producción de fruta en la época de mayor floración. Además, en las dos zonas y
en las épocas de mayor floración y producción, se presentaron correlaciones
negativas entre la incidencia de la enfermedad y el porcentaje de cuaje de
fruta, y fuertes correlaciones negativas con el porcentaje de aborto natural
(P0,005 a P0,01). Los árboles de naranja que presentan gran cantidad de
"discos" producen menor cantidad de fruta y de menor calidad (menor contenido
de sólidos solubles, menor acidez y menor tamaño de fruta) y este efecto se
acentúa en años de mayor producción. Al aumentar la incidencia de PFD se reduce
la producción de fruta y el aborto natural disminuye, funcionando como un
mecanismo de compensación de los árboles.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 22850.
Publicación no.: 157 Efecto de la caída prematura de los frutos de los cítricos
causada por el hongo Colletotrichum acutatum en la producción de naranja en la
Región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica / Arce-Coto, E.
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 2003. 62 p.
Tesis, Mag. Sc. en Ciencias Agrícolas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de
Costa Rica, Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, San José (Costa Rica).
Se corroboró la presencia del hongo Colletotrichum acutatum como patógeno
asociado a la enfermedad de la caída prematura de los frutos de los cítricos
(PFD) en Costa Rica y se estudió el efecto de la incidencia de esta enfermedad
y de la cantidad de cálices permanentes ("botones", "discos" o "estrellas")
presentes en los árboles de naranja sobre la floración, producción y calidad de
fruta. Se colectaron muestras de PFD de diferentes regiones de país y se
analizaron por medio de cultivos en medio diferencial y PCR. La investigación
sobre la incidencia y cálices permanentes se realizó en Los Chiles y San Carlos
(Pital), cantones de Alajuela. En ambas localidades se utilizaron árboles de
naranja Valencia de 8 años de edad sobre patrón Swingle. En cadazona se
seleccionó un lote con historial de PFD y en cada uno se seleccionaron 42
árboles, de porte similar y con diferentes cantidades de cálices permanentes.
Previo a la cosecha 1999-2000 se marcaron al azar 12 ramas en cada árbol y en
los 75 cm terminales de cada una, se contó el número de discos y de frutos;
posteriormente, se cosecharon los árboles por separado y se midió la cosecha en
términos de kilogramos de fruta por árbol, contenido de sólidos solubles por
caja de 41 kg, brix, acidez y tamaño de fruta (frutas/caja). En las mismas
ramas previo a cada una de las floraciones de febrero y mayo del 2000, se contó
la cantidad de cálices permanentes y durante las floraciones se contó
semanalmente el número de flores, flores enfermas, discos productode la
enfermedad y frutos producidos. Con esta información se calcularon los
porcentajes de cuaje de fruta, aborto natural e incidencia de la enfermedad. En
la cosecha 1999-2000 se encontraron de forma consistente en las dos localidades
correlaciones negativas entre el número de discos presentes en los árboles y el
número de frutas producidas. Además, estos cálices permanentes presentaron
correlaciones negativas en la zona de mayor cosecha (Los Chiles), con los
grados brix, la acidez y el contenido de sólidos solubles (P 0,01 a P 0,05). En
la zona con menor cosecha (Pital) se encontró una correlación negativa (r =
-0,56 y P 0,05) con el tamaño de fruta. En todos los casos anteriores los
modelos de regresión lineal fueron significativos. También la interacción entre
la cantidad de fruta y cálices permanentes fue significativa en los modelos de
regresión múltiple (P 0,0001 a P 0,006), afectando negativamente el contenido
de sólidos solubles, la acidez y el tamaño de la fruta. Además, se
encontraroncorrelaciones positivas entre el número de cálices permanentes y el
número de nuevos discos formados en las épocas de mayor floración en cada zona.
En las floraciones de febrero del 2000, en las dos zonas, se encontraron
correlaciones positivas entre la cantidad de flores producidas y la incidencia
de PFD con P0,005 en Los Chiles y P 0,05 en Pital. En Los Chiles, se presentó
una buena correlación negativa (r = -0,7 y P 0,005) entre la incidencia de PFD
y la producción de fruta en la época de mayor floración. Además, en las dos
zonas y en las épocas de mayor floración y producción, se presentaron
correlaciones negativas entre la incidencia de la enfermedad y el porcentaje de
cuaje de fruta, y fuertes correlaciones negativas con el porcentaje de aborto
natural (P 0,005 a P 0,01). Los árboles de naranja que presentan gran cantidad
de "discos" producen menor cantidad de fruta y de menor calidad (menor
contenido de sólidos solubles, menor acidez y menor tamaño de fruta) y este
efecto se acentúa en años de mayor producción. Al aumentar la incidencia de PFD
se reduce la producción de fruta y el aborto natural disminuye, funcionando
como un mecanismo de compensación de los árboles.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 22850.
Publicación no.: 158 Avifauna asociada a las áreas boscosas de la zona del
Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Los Chiles, Alajuela, Costa Rica
/ Jiménez-Ruiz, B.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 1999. 89 p.
Tesis, Mag. Sc. en Conservación y Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Universidad
Nacional, Programa Regional en Manejo de Vida Silvestre para Mesoamérica y El
Caribe, Heredia (Costa Rica).
I conducted the present work at the buffer zone forested areas of the Caño
Negro National Wildlife Refuge, Costa Rica, from June 1996 to May 1997. The
objectives were: Characterize the avifauna associated to the forested and
initial second-growth areas, and evaluate the effect of degradation in terms of
the horizontal and vertical structure of vegetation in these areas over the
composition of the bird community, taking into consideration the Species
Richness and Number of Individuals of both resident and migratory species, as
well as consider the categories of Degree of Dependency from the Forest to base
recommendations for appropriate management. I selected four successional
stages: Undisturbed Forest (UF), Disturbed Forest (DF), Mature Second-growth
Forest (MSF), and initial Second-growth Forest (ISF). At each site I set up a
one-hectare circular plot to evaluate the vegetation structure and bird
community where I placed 10 standard size mistnets which were operated every 15
days during 100 hr-red. To supplement the information gathered I used the
intensive search method. With a sample effort of 7,388 hr-red and 136 hr with
the intensive search method I recorded a total of 230 species of birds, from
which 184 are residents (24 carry out altitudinal migrations and 18 local
movements), and 46 latitudinal migratory. I determined that 20 species are
threatened, two are endangered, and three are regional endemics. The avifauna
associated to the four successional stages has a marked preference for forested
areas, it is negatively affected by deforestation and is influenced by two
avifaunal zones (Evergreen Tropical Forest and Deciduous Tropical Forest). In
respect of the Trophic Guilds, the avifauna in this place is characterized for
being both insectivorous and frugivorous. Results establish that there are
differences of species richness in the bird community associated to each.
successional stage in response to the gradient of anthropogenic disturbance
(P0.0001). I found the greatest Species Diversity in forest habitats of
intermediate alteration (MSF: 144 species, and 140 in DF), as well as the
highest similarity in vegetation structure (66%) and associated bird
communities (93%). Considering the foregoing, it is necessary to establish in a
short term a local and regional strategy to promote the protection of the,
forested areas located in private as well as government property, since the
majority of the avifauna registered in this study requires these areas even
though they have suffered some degree of alteration.
Localización: Biblioteca del BIODOC: Tesis 1946.
Publicación no.: 159 Manejo fitosanitario de la naranja: bases para un uso
racional de plaguicidas con especial énfasis en el control de la mancha
grasienta / Brenes-Ingianna, L.E. (Consejo Superior Universitario
Centroamericano (CSUCA). Proyecto de Agricultura Alternativa, Apdo. Postal
37-2060 CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 1999. 106 p.
Tesis, Mag. Sc., Universidad de Costa Rica, Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias
Agrícolas y Recursos Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio (Costa
Rica).
Parte A: Manejo fitosanitario de los huertos de cítricos en la zona norte de
Costa Rica, 1993-1995: A inicios de 1994, después de un sondeo preliminar en la
Zona Norte de Costa Rica, se seleccionó una muestra representativa de 14 fincas
que corresponden al 28% del total de árboles y 22% del total del área sembrada
de cítricos -en la zona. La información se obtuvo de los administradores de las
fincas, los libros de registro de las mismas, visitas al campo y un censo hecho
en 1993 por TicoFrut S.A (Yglesias, G. y Morales, F. Base de datos de
TicoFrut.). El 56% de las fincas eran pequeñas (menos de 50 ha.), 22% medianas
(entre 51 y 100 ha.), y 19% grandes (más de 100 ha.). Sin embargo, las fincas
pequeñas representaron el 10% del área, las medianas el11% y las grandes el
79%. La mayoría de los árboles (95%) fueron sembrados después de 1988. Los años
de mayor siembra fueron 1991 y 1992 y estas fincas aún no estaban en producción
en el momento de este estudio (1994). El 84% de los árboles son del cultivar de
naranja Valencia seguido del cultivar de naranja Piña (12%) y varios cultivares
de toronja (4%). El patrón Carrizo (citrange) se usó en el 71% de los casos. El
patrón Volkameriana (limón) y Swingle (citromelo) son el segundo y tercer
patrón utilizados. En 1993, las principales plagas en estos huertos jóvenes
fueron la mancha grasienta (Mycosphaerella citri), alternaria en el fruto
(Alternaria sp. asociada a deficiencias de Ca y B), la hormiga negra
(Camponotus sp.), la escama nevada (Unapsis citri), y el ácaro tostador
(Phyllocoptruta oleivora). También se presentaron problemas con áfidos, arragre
(Trigona sp.), gomosis (Phytophthora sp.) y enfermedades sistémicas (viroide de
Exocortis y la bacteria Xylella fastidiosa). La base del manejo fitosanitario
en la mayoría de las fincas estudiadas era el control químico. Durante los años
1994 y 1995, se observaron algunos cambios en el manejo de las plantaciones. El
patrón Swingle se hizo más común y popular en las siembras nuevas por su
tolerancia alviroide de la Exocortis y al Blight. Perdió popularidad la poda de
formación severa (cacho de venado). A nivel de plagas, llegó al país el minador
Phyllocnistis citrella pero se estabilizaron las poblaciones en niveles de poco
daño económico, probablemente por control natural. También se reportaron daños
por sinfílidos del género Scutigerella que atacan la raíz. El daño por hormiga
negra, típico de árboles jóvenes, se redujo al aumentar la edad de las
plantaciones. Se redujo el uso de herbicidas y de fungicidas cúpricos y se
aumentó el uso del aceite agrícola. En la conclusión se discuten limitantes y
posibilidades para un manejo integrado de la fitosanidad de los huertos en la
zona. Parte B: Manejo del inóculo de mycosphaerella citri para el control de la
mancha grasienta de los cítricos, Región Huetar Norte, Costa Rica, 1994-1996:
Para reducir la severidad de la mancha grasienta en el cultivo de la naranja se
estudió la posibilidad de disminuir la producción de ascósporas en la hojarasca
en la bandadel árbol o su transporte hacia los brotes susceptibles. Se utilizó
la aplicación de urea a la hojarasca y el libre crecimiento de malezas en la
banda alternando con chapea para formar una cobertura. Se comparó con la
aplicación de aceite agrícola al follaje. El uso de cobertura aceleró la
descomposición de la hojarasca y disminuyó la cantidad de esporas capturadas.
La aplicación de urea también contribuyó a disminuir la cantidad de esporas. El
efecto de los dos tratamientos juntos fue aditivo para ambas variables pero no
siempre estadísticamente significativo. La severidad disminuyó con el
tratamiento combinado de cobertura y urea, seguidos por sólo cobertura y sólo
urea. Esta disminución en la severidad fue pequeña y mucho menor a la lograda
con un tratamiento de aceite al 2% aplicado a los brotes, lo que sugiere que el
nivel de inóculo era aún muy alto. No hubo efectos observables sobre el
rendimiento.
Localización: Biblioteca Decanato Fac. Ciencias Agroalimentarias (UCR).
Publicación no.: 160 Distribución y abundancia de Caiman crocodilus en el
Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Costa Rica [Distribution and
abundance of Caiman crocodilus in the Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge,
Costa Rica] / Cabrera-Peña, J.; Protti-Quesada, M.; Urriola-Hernández, M.;
Cubero-Murillo, R. (Universidad Nacional. Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas,
Laboratorio de Recursos Naturales y Vida Silvestre, Heredia 86-3000, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 51, no. 2, p. 571-578.
2003.
The distribution and abundance of a population of Caiman crocodilus fuscus were
estimated by monthly counting of eyeshines at night, from February 1999 to
March 2000 in six transects of Río Frío in the Caño Negro National Refuge
(RNVSCN), Northern Costa Rica. March was the month with the greatest abundance
of caimans observed. The visible fraction of the population (PV2 index)
fluctuated between 42.59% to 54.71% during the wet season and 35.49 % to 53.93
% in the dry season. The transects of riverwith greater abundance of caimans
were Terrón-Sabogal and Sabogal-Playuela. Significant differences were
determined in the abundance of caimans between transects, except the transects
Entrada San Sebastian-Las Cubas and Las Cubas-Entrada Caño Los Patos and
Entrada Caño Los Patos-Terrón and Boca Sabogal-Playuela. The population of
estimated brown caiman in this study was 2283.48 ± 313.5. The statistical
analysis by seasons did not show significant differences in the number of
caimans observed. Estimated mean number of caimans per km of river was 74.36
/km for 30.7 km of habitat. The results of this study indicated that the
fluctuation in population density during the seasons is attributable to local
movements.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 161 Two new species of Costa Rican cichlids described [Dos
nuevas especies de cíclidos costarricenses descritos] / Leibel, W.S.
In: Tropical Fish Hobbyist (ISSN 0041-3259), v. 46, no. 2, p. 88-90; 92; 94;
96-97. 1997.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11205.
Publicación no.: 162 A tropical odyssey through Costa Rica [Una odisea tropical
a través de Costa Rica] / Sung, S.
In: Tropical Fish Hobbyist (ISSN 0041-3259), v. 44, no. 4, p. 8-10, 12-18.
1995.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11201.
Publicación no.: 163 Collecting Herichthys (Theraps) tuba [Colectando
Herichthys (Theraps) tuba] / Sung, S.
In: Tropical Fish Hobbyist (ISSN 0041-3259), v. 43, no. 9, p. 126, 128, 130.
1995.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11202.
Publicación no.: 164 Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genera Scatimus
Erichson and Scatrichus gen. nov. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)
[Revisión del género Neotropical de abejones estercoleros Scatimus Erichson y
Scatrichus nuevo género (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)] / Génier, F.;
Kohlmann, B. (Canadian Museum of Nature, Collection Division, Invertebrate
Section, P.O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, CA <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Fabreries (ISSN 0318-6725), v. 28, no. 2, p. 57-111. 2003.
The genera Scatimus Erichson and Scatrichus gen. nov. are herein revised. We
propose a new genus, Scatrichus gen. nov. which comprises Scatrichus
bicarinatus (Harold), formerly included in Scatimus, and two new species: S.
goiasensis sp. nov. and S. sulcifer sp. nov. This new genus is endemic to the
Altiplano and Atlantic forest of Brazil. Scatimus now comprises 12 species, of
which four are new, and are divided into three groups based on the phylogenetic
analysis as follows: S. fernandezi Martínez,S. ovatus Harold and S. simulator
Martínez (ovatus group); S. cribrosus sp. nov., S. erinnyos Kohlmann & Solís,
S. furcatus Balthasar, S. onorei sp. nov., S. pacificus sp. nov., S.
quadricuspis sp. nov. and S. strandi Balthasar (strandi group); S. cucullatus
Erichson and S. monstrosus Balthasar (cucullatus group). Scatimus patruelis
Preudhomme and Scatimus quadridentatus Balthasar are both synonyms of Scatimus
ovatus Harold. We designate neotypes for Scatimus bicarinatus Harold and
Scatimus ovatus Harold as presumed syntype material does not match the original
description and no other specimens could be found. We also designate lectotypes
and paralectotypes for Scatimus cucullatus Erichson and Scatimus monstrosus
Balthasar. Finally, we investigate therelationship between species and some
closely related genera through a phylogenetic analysis, and provide
identification keys in English and French, diagnostic illustrations and
distribution maps for all the taxa.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9312.
Publicación no.: 165 The cleptoparasitic bee tribe Rhathymini (Hymenoptera:
Apidae): description of a new genus and a tribal review [La tribu Rhathymini
(Hymenoptera: Apidae) de abejas cleptoparásitas: descripción de un nuevo género
y revisión de la tribu] / Engel, M.S.; Michener, C.D.; Rightmyer, M.G. (The
University of Kansas. Natural History Museum, Division of Entomology,
Department of Evolutionary Biology, Snow Hall, 1460 Jayhawk Boulevard,
Lawrence, KS 66045-7523, US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Journal of Hymenoptera Research (ISSN 1070-9428), v. 13, no. 1, p. 1-12.
2004.
The new genus Rhathymodes is proposed for Rhathymus acutiventris Friese [with
its new synonym, R. friesei Ducke], and R. bertonii Schrottky; resulting in the
new combinations: Rhathymodes acutiventris (Friese) and R. bertonii
(Schrottky). A lectotypeis newly designated for R. friesei. To accommodate the
new genus, changes are suggested for a key to subfamilies and tribes of Apidae.
The tribe Rhathymini and its two genera are characterized, as are the two
species of Rhathymodes.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9434.
Publicación no.: 166 Description of the previously unknown male of the
Neotropical genus Hoplognathoca Suárez and new distribution records
(Hymenoptera: Mutillidae: Sphaeropthalminae) [Descripción del macho previamente
desconocido del género Neotropical Hoplognathoca Suárez y nuevos registros de
distribución (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae: Sphaeropthalminae)] / Cambra-Torok,
R.A.; Quintero, D. (Universidad de Panamá. Museo de Invertebrados "G. B.
Fairchild, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología", Estafeta
Universitaria, PA <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Transactions of the American Entomological Society (ISSN 0002-8320), v.
129, no. 3/4, p. 487-495. 2003.
The male of the Neotropical genus Hoplognathoca Suárez is described and
illustrated for the first time, based on sex association of Hoplognathoca
nodifrons (Gerstaecker, 1874) from Panama. Comments about the association of
the sexes are made. Hoplognathoca costarricensis Suárez, 1962 and H. nodifrons,
are recorded for the first time from Panama, both species were known previously
only from their female holotypes from Costa Rica and Colombia, respectively.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10110.
Publicación no.: 167 Classification of the Helicinidae: Review of morphological
characteristics based on a revision of the Costa Rican species and application
to the arrangement of the Central American mainland taxa (Mollusca: Gastropoda:
Neritopsina) [Clasificación de los Helicinidae: Revisión de las características
morfológicas con base a una revión de las especies costarricenses y un arreglo
de los taxones centroamericanos terrestres (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neritopsina)]
/ Richling, I. (Christian Albrechts Universität zu Kiel. Zoologisches Institut,
Olshausenstr. 40-60, 24098 Kiel, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Malacologia (ISSN 0076-2997), v. 45, no. 2, p. 195-440. 2004.
The present study combines a taxonomical revision of the poorly known Costa
Rican Helicinidae, with a detailed investigation of certain morphological
structures with respect to their relevance for systematics, culminating in a
discussion of the arrangement of the Central American mainland species. The
revision of the Costa Rican species is based on the examination of nearly all
type material, coupled with extensive field work and investigations of the
collections of the Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad de Costa Rica and the
Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, along with perusal of
additional historical material. With minor exceptions, all these species were
investigated with respect to the features of shell, operculum, surface
sculpture of embryonic shell and teleoconch, internal shell structures, radula,
and female reproductive system. In addition, analyses of morphometry and sexual
dimorphism were carried out. Faced with a limited amount of material, it became
necessary to developa new preparation method to separate the soft body from the
shell without damaging either. For the higher classification and comparative
analysis of the different morphological characteristics, similar examinations
emphasizing formerly poorly studied or neglected characteristics, such as
embryonic shell and female reproductive system, were carried out for 17
additional species representing the most important related Central American
supraspecific taxa using their type species when available. For taxa with
inaccessible material, data from the available literature were critically
incorporated. For Costa Rica, 15 species were recognized, among them seven new
species, partially published in Richling (2001) - Helicina echandiensis, H.
talamancensis, H. monteverdensis, H. chiquitica, H. escondida, Alcadia
(Microalcadia) hojarasca, and A. (M.) boeckeleri - and two new subspecies - H.
punctisulcata cuericiensis, and H. beatrix riopejensis. Other previously
subspecifically separated taxa (H. funcki costaricensis Wagner, 1905; H. tenuis
pittieri Wagner, 1910) were shown to fall within the range of intraspecific
variability. Records of the Guatemalan and Mexican species Helicina oweniana L.
Pfeiffer, 1849, and subspecies, H. amoena L. Pfeiffer, 1849, as well asthose of
H. fragilis Morelet, 1851, were proven to be based on faulty identifications
and were therefore excluded from the Costa Rican fauna. This fact, together
with the recognition of the several new species, shows that the faunal
composition of Costa Rica is much more distinct from that of the northern areas
than previously assumed. The transitional zone of Nicaragua, however, still
remains widely uninvestigated. Only Helicina tenuis L. Pfeiffer, 1849, being
ecologically very tolerant, Lucidella lirata (L. Pfeiffer, 1847), and
Pyrgodomus microdinus (Morelet, 1851) are wide-spread, extending from Mexico to
Costa Rica, perhaps even farther south. The distribution of the typical Costa
Rican species follows the topographical subdivision created by the Central
Cordilleras, along with its corresponding effects on the climate. Contrary to
former assumptions, certain features of the female reproductive system proved
very useful for the classification of the Helicinidae. For the first time,
monaulic conditions have been recognized for Helicina and Eutrochatella,
necessitating the correction of previous descriptions in this respect.
Furthermore, the monaulic or diaulic state is characteristic of the genera and
is paralleled by consistent changes in the embryonic shell structure. Because
primitive members of the Helicinidae possess a diaulic system, the monaulic
condition is regarded as the derived state. The Central American genera
Helicina, Alcadia, Eutrochatella, Lucidella and Schasicheila were properly
distinguished and described by this, as well as by other differences in the
female reproductive system. The anatomies of the type species of Helicina and
Alcadia were examined for the first time, and earlier descriptions of
Eutrochatella and Lucidella were corrected in major points. On the basis of
this new evidence, the assignment of traditional subgeneric units of Helicina
and Alcadia, previously based mainly on vague radula and shell characteristics,
was especially reassessed. The subgenera Sericea and Analcadia were transferred
to Helicina, as well as the mainland land species summarized under the
preoccupied taxon "Gemma". Tristramia, Oxyrhombus, Pseudoligyra, Oligyra,
Succincta, "Cinctella" (also preoccupied) and Punctisulcata were confirmed in
their association with Helicina. Due to its monaulic condition, the former
genus Ceochasma is reduced to a subgenus of Helicina. In addition, exemplary
non-type Antillean species were studied, including Helicina jamaicensis
Sowerby, 1841, which had to be shifted to Alcadia s.l., and Alcadia (Analcadia)
platychila (von Muehlfeldt, 1816), which is now assigned to Helicina s.s. On
one hand, the new arrangement excludes Alcadia as previously known from the
Central American mainland, but, on the other hand, examination of the newly
discovered Costa Rican species Helicina hojarasca and H. boeckeleri required
the establishment of a new subgenus of Alcadia, Microalcadia n. subgen. on the
mainland, based mainly on the features of the female reproductive system and
embryonic shell structure.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: M.
Publicación no.: 168 Análisis de la gestión ambiental en la actividad porcina
comercial de la Región Huetar Norte, año 2003 / Gómez-Durán, G.; Arce-Corrales,
G.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 2003. 139 p.
Proyecto de Graduación, Licenciatura en Gestión Ambiental, Universidad
Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Heredia (Costa Rica).
Introducción: El presente es el resultado de un trabajo de investigación, que
como estudiantes de la carrera de Licenciatura en Gestión Ambiental de la
Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y el Mar,
Universidad Nacional,presentamos como requisito final de graduación. Para
realizar este trabajo de investigación tomamos como unidad de estudio La
Gestión Ambiental en la Actividad Porcina de la Región Huetar Norte, año
2002-2003. A través del mismo pretendemos investigar sobre las condiciones
físico sanitarias y el estado legal en que funcionan las granjas porcinas de la
Región, esperando que el mismo sirva de información o referencia al Ministerio
de Salud de la Región Huetar Norte, Unidad de Protección al Ambiente, para que
planifique acciones tendientes a corregir o minimizar la problemática
encontrada, debido a que es a dicha institución la que le compete por ley el
control y regulación de dicha actividad. Este trabajo de investigación lo
realizamos también en razón de la gran importancia que tiene la política de
desarrollo sostenible, donde la explotación agropecuaria siempre deberá
realizarse en una forma amigable con el ambiente circundante, por cuanto se
establece en el marco legal, que todos los actos humanos deben ser acordes con
la legislación vigente, además de lo establecido en la Constitución Política en
su artículo 50 el cual refiere." toda persona tiene derecho a un ambiente sano
y ecológicamente equilibrado" Además por la necesidad que tiene este tipo de
explotación de ser eficiente y eficaz para poder competir en el mercado
mundial. También consideramos que el mismo puede ser de interés general para
hacernos recapacitar sobre la importancia de que las actividades de desarrollo
económico se realicen enforma sostenible, para que se respete el orden natural
del flujo de energía por los distintos ecosistemas que componen la biosfera y
no sean estas actividades causa de contaminación ambiental. El proyecto
procuramos esquematizarlo de acuerdo a la metodología utilizada para una
investigación de carácter, empírica, descriptiva y aplicada, por cuanto este
trabajo pretende resolver un problema, servirá para la toma de decisiones, se
utilizarán técnicas de muestreo, y la obtención de conclusiones válidas y
fiables, todo lo cual se complementará con la recolección y análisis de datos.
Localización: Biblioteca del BIODOC: Tesis 2237.
Publicación no.: 169 Proyección del volumen de madera para aserrío proveniente
de las plantaciones de melina y teca y de otras fuentes / Sage-Mora, L.F.;
Quirós-Herrera, R. (Universidad Nacional. Instituto de Investigación y
Servicios Forestales "INISEFOR", Heredia, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
Taller reforestación en Costa Rica: Situación actual y perspectivas, San José
CR12-14 de julio, 2001.
San José: Fondo Nacional de Financiamiento Forestal (FONAFIFO), 2001. 24 pp.
Introducción: A través de sistemas planificados de producción forestal Costa
Rica puede transformar diversos problemas ambientales y potenciales amenazas en
verdaderas oportunidades de desarrollo humano. Aparte de la producción
maderable y de los servicios ambientales generados, la inversión en programas
de incentivos a la reforestación ha producido la experiencia técnica y
empresarial suficiente para definir una estrategia realista del tipo de
desarrollo forestal que se pretende alcanzar en el futuro cercano. La
planificación estratégica aplicada a los procesos de producción forestal es
fundamental para participar y tener éxito en las actuales condiciones de
comercio internacional. Las consecuencias derivadas de los programas de ajuste
estructuralen el sector agropecuario, la apertura de mercados, la formación de
bloques económicos mundiales, los tratados de libre comercio, la competencia
con productos importados; son algunos de los factores externos que han de ser
considerados al planificar la producción forestal. La inclusión de requisitos
ambientales para tener acceso a mercados de exportación, la venta de servicios
ambientales, el turismo ecológico y la conservación de recursos naturales
constituyen oportunidades atractivas complementarias para fundamentar el
desarrollo socioeconómico y ambiental del país en la actividad forestal.
Mediante la inversión de recursos del sector privado, el uso de los incentivos
estatales, y el pago de servicios ambientales, durante la última década fueron
establecidas en el país más de 110 mil hectáreas de plantaciones forestales con
fines comerciales. Debido su tasa de crecimiento y gran variedad de usos, la
melina (Gmelina arborea Roxb) es una de las mejores alternativas en los
proyectos de reforestación comercial. El conocimiento desarrollado con respecto
a técnicas de propagación, mejoramiento genético, sistemas de cultivo,
aprovechamiento, transformación industrial y comercialización de productos de
melina hacen que su potencial productivo sea incalculable. La melina junto con
la teca (Tectona grandis) constituyen más del 50% de la superficie ocupada por
plantaciones forestales aprovechables en el país. A partir de una evaluación de
campo de las plantaciones de melina de la Región Huetar Norte y de fuentes
secundarias de información, en el presente informe se realiza un diagnóstico
general del área en cultivo y del volumen industrial que se espera obtener en
las plantaciones de melina (Gmelina arborea Roxb) y teca (Tectona grandis)
establecidas en el país1. El estudio ha sido enfocado hacia las áreas
reforestadas durante el período comprendido entre 1987 y 1997; y presenta una
proyección del número de trozas y el volumen de madera para aserrío que se
espera cosechar durante los próximos diez años. Seespera que la información que
se presenta sea de significativa utilidad al determinar la capacidad instalada
necesaria, las líneas de productos más convenientes y las necesidades futuras
de nuevas áreas en plantación. Objetivo general: Efectuar proyecciones a diez
años de las cantidades esperadas de madera rolliza de melina y teca disponibles
para aserrío con un mínimo de 15 cm de diámetro en el extremo delgado. La
proyecciónes de la producción esperada se hacen en términos de número de trozas
por categoría diamétrica y cantidad de metros cúbicos a partir de las
plantaciones establecidas en el país durante el período comprendido entre 1987
y 1997. Objetivos específicos: Recopilar de fuentes de información secundarias
datos específicos respecto a superficies establecidas, calidad de sitio, y
rendimientos observados en plantaciones forestales de melina (Gmelina arborea
Roxb) y teca (Tectona grandis) existentes en las distintas regiones del país. _
Analizar resultados obtenidos por estudios previos al estimar la disponibilidad
de materia prima de las plantaciones forestales establecidas en las principales
áreas de influencia de organizaciones de reforestadores y proyectos específicos
de investigación silvicultural. En particular, el PROYECTO REDES2
"Reforestación para el Desarrollo Sostenible", en las regiones Pacífico Central
y Pacífico Sur; AGUADEFOR "Asociación Guanacasteca de Desarrollo Forestal"; en
el Pacífico Seco; JUNAFORCA "Junta Nacional Forestal Campesina", organización
de tercer orden que opera en el ámbito nacional; así como proyectos privados de
reforestadores independientes. Complementar las proyecciones de la producción
de madera de melina y teca con proyecciones de la producción esperada de madera
proveniente del bosque natural y de terrenos agropecuarios; y comparar la
producción esperada con el consumo aparente.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1466.
Publicación no.: 170 Biology, distribution, and conservation of the ornate wood
turtle in Costa Rica [Biología, distribución y conservación de la tortuga negra
en Costa Rica] / Merchán-Fornelino, M.; Mora-Benavides, J.M. (Asociación
Chelonia, Aristóteles 3, 20B, 28027 Madrid, ES <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Reptilia (Great Britain) (ISSN 1138-4913), no. 14, p. 52-58. 2001.
Information is presented on the life history, distribution, and conservation
needs of the black wood turtle in Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9687.
Publicación no.: 171 Review of the Central American species of Hydrobiomorpha
Blackburn (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) [Revisión de las especies
centroamericanas de Hydrobiomorpha Blackburn (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)] /
Short, A.E.Z. (Cornell University. Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY 14853,
US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Koleopterologische Rundschau (ISSN 0075-6547), v. 74, p. 363-366. 2004.
The Central American species of Hydrobiomorpha Blackburn (Coleoptera:
Hydrophilidae) are reviewed. The recorded fauna includes Hydrobiomorpha casta
(SAY), H. phallica (d'Orchymont), and H. naviga sp.n., which is described and
illustrated from Costa Rica. A key is provided to allow identification of the
three New World species of the genus exclusive of South America.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1617.
Publicación no.: 172 The geography of cloud formation and the biogeography of
cloud forests: development of a quantitative approach [Geografía de la
formación de nubes y la biogeografía de los bosques nubosos: desarrollo de un
enfoque cuantitativo] / Lawton, R.O.; Nair, U.S.; Welch, R.M. (University of
Alabama. Department of Biological Sciences, Huntsville, AL 35899, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
Tropical Forests: Past, Present, Future. The Association for Tropical Biology
Annual Meeting. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City PAJuly
29-Aug. 3, 2002.
Panamá City: The Association for Tropical Biology, 2002. p. 64.
(Abstract only). Cloud forests, distinctive elements of montane vegetation
throughout the tropics, are dependent upon predictable, frequent and prolonged
immersion in cloud. Cloud forests are of interest in conservation and regional
hydrological planning. However, we know little about how cloudy cloud forests
are, or about the extent to which orographic cloud formation is influenced by
natural climatic fluctuations, global warming, or regional land use. We present
the initial steps, using ground observation, satellite imagery and atmospheric
modeling, toward describing a quantitative geography of cloud forest
cloudiness. Compiled data from GOES satellite imagery provides quantitative
data on the proportion of time sites are covered by cloud. This approach
reveals diurnal, seasonal, and between year variation in orographic cloud
coverage at individual Central American cloud forest sites, and considerable
between site variation as well. Such quantitative assessments of cloud cover
and immersion should enhance between site comparisons in biogeographic and
ecological analyses. Regional atmospheric modeling of the Cordillera de Tilarán
and the associated lowlands of northern Costa Rica (with CSU RAMS) suggests
that deforestation of lowland forests upwind of cloud forest sites can
influence convective and orographic cloud formation, reducing cloud cover and
raising the base of orographic cloud decks. Regional land use can thus interact
with the natural geographic variation in cloud formation and exacerbate
conservation problems in tropical mountains.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: AD 519.
Publicación no.: 173 Biomass allocation, growth, and photosynthesis of
genotypes from native and introduced ranges of the tropical shrub Clidemia
hirta [Distribución de la biomasa, crecimiento y fotosíntesis de genotipos
nativos e introducidos del arbusto tropical Clidemia hirta] / DeWalt, S.J.;
Denslow, J.S.; Hamrick, J.L. (Rice University. Department of Ecology &
Evolutionary Biology; MS-170, Houston, TX 77005, US <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Oecologia (ISSN 0029-8549), v. 138, no. 4, p. 521-531. 2004.
We tested the hypothesis that the tropical shrub Clidemia hirta appears more
shade tolerant and is more abundant in its introduced than native range because
of genetic differences in resource acquisition, allocation, and phenotypic
plasticity betweennative and introduced genotypes. We examined growth, biomass
allocation, and photosynthetic parameters of C. hirta grown in a greenhouse
from seed collected from four populations in part of its native range (Costa
Rica) and four populations in part of its introduced range (Hawaiian Islands).
Six-month-old seedlings were placed in high (10.3-13.9 mol m super(-2) day
super(-1)) or low (1.4-4.5 mol m super(-2) day super(-1)) light treatments and
grown for an additional 6 months. Our study provided little evidence that
Hawaiian genotypes of C. hirta differed genetically from Costa Rican genotypes
in ways that would contribute to differences in habitat distribution or
abundance. Some of the genetic differences that were apparent, such as greater
allocation to stems and leaf area relative to whole plant biomass in Costa
Rican genotypes and greater allocation to roots in Hawaiian genotypes, were
contrary to predictions that genotypes from the introduced range would allocate
more biomass to growth and less tostorage than those from the native range.
Hawaiian and Costa Rican genotypes displayed no significant differences in
relative growth rates, maximal photosynthetic rates, or specific leaf areas in
either light treatment. In the high light environment, however, Hawaiian
genotypes allocated more biomass to reproductive parts than Costa Rican
genotypes. Phenotypic plasticity for only 1 of 12 morphological and
photosynthetic variables was greater for Hawaiian than Costa Rican genotypes.
We conclude that genetic shifts in resource use, resource allocation, or
plasticity do not contribute to differences in habitat distribution and
abundance between the native and introduced ranges of C. hirta.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1689.
Publicación no.: 174 A review of the Neotropical genus Prionodera Chevrolat
(Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae) with description of a new genus
[Revisión del género Neotropical Prionodera Chevrolat (Coleoptera,
Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae) con la descripción de un género nuevo] / Flowers,
R.W. (Florida A&M University. Center for Biological Control, Tallahassee, FL
32307, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 631, p. 1-54. 2004.
The genus Prionodera Chevrolat is redescribed and Prionodera adiastola new
species (type locality: Limacocha, Ecuador), P. arimanes new species (type
locality: Beni, Bolivia), P. dichroma new species (type locality: Panamá,
Panamá), P. esmeralda new species (type locality: Alajuela, Costa Rica), P. a
furcada new species (type locality: Ipeti, Panamá), P. gaiophanes new species
(type locality: Limacocha, Ecuador), and P. nila new species (type locality:
Panamá, Panamá) are described and illustrated. The genera Stenolampra Baly and
Jodasia Bechyné are placed in synonymy with Prionodera. Redescriptions are
given for Prionodera costata (Baly) new combination, P. cyanea (Lefévre), P.
geniculata (Baly) new combination, P. kirschi (Lefévre) new combination, P.
lutea Erichson, P. marshalli Lefévre, P. merana Bechyné, P. bicolor (Olivier)
and P. peruviana (Bechyné) new combination. Jodasia roseometallica Bechyné is
placed in synonymy with P. merana. The species chloroptera Lefévre and ocanana
Lefevre are transferred from Prionodera to Metaxyonycha Chevrolat new
combinations and the species nixa Bechyné is transferred from Prionodera to
Prionoderita new genus. A key is given to the species in the revised genus
Prionodera.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1622part a, b y c.
Publicación no.: 175 Comparison of the antimicrobial activity of honey produced
by Tetragonisca angustula (Meliponinae) and Apis mellifera from different
phytogeographic regions of Costa Rica [Comparación de la actividad
antimicrobiana de la miel producida por Tetragonisca angustula (Meliponinae) y
Apis mellifera de diferentes regiones fitogeográficas de Costa Rica] / DeMera,
J.H.; Angert, E.R. (Cornell University. Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY
14853, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Apidologie (ISSN 0044-8435), v. 35, no. 4, p. 411-417. 2004.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the
demonstrated variation in antimicrobial activity of honey produced by
introduced A. mellifera and the stingless bee, Tetragonisca angustula, commonly
kept in hives in Costa Rica. There was no difference in activity of honey
produced by Apis mellifera and T. angustula against the 5 microbes tested.
Honey from different phytogeographic regions exhibited differential
antimicrobial activity and susceptibility of yeasts to honey of either species
was greater than that of bacteria.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3313.
Publicación no.: 176 Coloration in Helicinidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda:
Neritopsina) [Coloración en Helicinidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neritopsina)] /
Richling, I. (Christian Albrechts Universität zu Kiel. Zoologisches Institut,
Olshausenstr. 40-60, 24098 Kiel, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Malacologia (ISSN 0076-2997), v. 46, no. 1, p. 217-224. 2004.
The coloration of Costa Rican Helicinidae has been studied, with special
attention paid to the arboreal species. It is shown that either shell color or
mantle pigmentation contribute to the coloration visible in the living animals.
Ecological and systematic implications are given. This paper is supplementary
to Richling (2004).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9692.
Publicación no.: 177 La serpiente terciopelo en Costa Rica (parte II):
problemática de ofidismo / Merchán-Fornelino, M.; Mora-Benavides, J.M.
(Asociación Chelonia, Aristóteles 3, 20B, 28027 Madrid, ES <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Reptilia (Barcelona) (ISSN 1071-8443), no. 31, p. p. 57-61. 2002.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S9685.
Publicación no.: 178 The taxonomy and biology of the Polycyrtus species
(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae) of Costa Rica [Taxonomía y biología de
las especies de Polycyrtus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae) de Costa
Rica] / Zúñiga-Ramírez, R.J. (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Apdo. Postal
22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Contributions of the American Entomological Institute (ISSN 0569-4450), v.
33, no. 4, p. 1-159. 2004.
The Costa Rican species of the Cryptine genus Polycyrtus are described, and
illustrated keys are provided for their identification. Based on a study of
approximately 4,000 specimens, 72 species are recognized as occurring in the
country. Of these Costa Rican species, 51 are here described as new and the
remainder are redescribed for comparative purposes. The genus Bicristella
Townes, is here treated as a junior synonym of Polycyrtus syn. n. as one of
these two groups of species is apparently paraphyletic with respect to the
other. Polycyrtus collinus Cameron is treated as a junior synonym of Polycyrtus
melanoleucus (Brullé) syn. n., Bicristella chontalis (Cameron) is a junior
synonym of Polycyrtus acerbus Crosson, syn. n. and Polycyrtus guatemalensis
Cameron is treated as a junior synonym of P. semialbus Cresson, syn. n. New
information is given about the host preferences of several species. These are
known to be idiobiont endoparasitoids of the cocooned prepupae and pupae of
pyraloid Lepidoptera.Maps are provided to show the known distribution of each
species within Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: C. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 179 Eulophidae of Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), 2 /
Hansson, C. (Lunds Universitet. Zoologiska Institutionen, Helgonavägen 3, S-223
62 Lund, SE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Gainesville, FL: The American Entomological Institute, 2004. 536 pp. (Memoirs
of the American Entomological Institute; v. 75).
ISBN: 1-887988-10-X.
Eight genera and 333 species of the subfamily Entedoninae are included in this
volume; all taxa treated here are listed in Appendix A. The genera comprise
Omphale Haliday and related genera, i.e. genera with a clypeus delimited by
sutures. These genera are diagnosed and described, and a key for their
identification is provided. Thc genera Dinopteridion Hansson and Driopteron
Hansson are here described as new, including five and six new species
respectively. The concept of Ametallon Ashmead (24 species), Chrysonotonmia
Ashmead (97 species), Eprhopalotus Girault (four species), Omphale (129
species) and Perditorulus Hansson (67 species) is broadened due to the addition
of numerous new species. Tropicharis Hansson is represented by a single
species, but knowledge of its distribution and host range are enhanced with new
records. The distribution of Ametallon, Chryrsonotomyia, Dinopteridion,
Driopteron, Eprhopalotus, Perditorulus and Tropicharis is suggested to be
predominantly or exclusively Neotropical. Omphale is found throughout the
World. but the information presented here adds substantially to the knowledge
of this group in the Neotropical Region. The 333 species are diagnosed and
described or redescribed, and information on distribution and hosts (if
available) is provided. A total of 286 species, representing 88% of the species
treated here, are described as new. Keys for the identification of the species
are given under each genus. Lloserina Delucchi and Calli/rons Schauff,
Yoshimoto & Hansson are synonymized with Cbnsonoiom via, syn. nov.,
andllolcopelre Forster is synonymized with Omphale, syn. nov. Omphale
zolnerowichi Hansson is synonymized with O. angusticornis Hansson, syn. nov.,
and Closterocerus albipes Ashmead with Chrysonotomyia auripunctata (Ashmead)
syn. nov. Holcopelte huggerti Hansson is transferred to Omphale, comb. nov.;
Moserina maculata Delucchi and Achrysocharis aemilia Girault is transferred to
Chrysonotomyia, comb. nov.; Callifrons maculata Schauff, Yoshimoto & Hanssonis
transferred to Chrysonotomyia, comb. nov.; and a replacement name (pherocera),
nom. nov., is proposed. Omphale gibsoni is proposed as a replacement name for
O. elungata Hansson (a Nearctic species). Achrysocharis phenacapsia Yoshimoto,
latest in Closterocerus, is transferred back to Chrysonotomyia, comb.rev. To
maintain a stable nomenclature a lectotype is designated for Closterocerus
albipes Ashmead.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: M. Biblioteca de Inventario (INBio).
Publicación no.: 180 A revision of the tropical american moss genus Pilotrichum
[Revisión del género Pilotrichum de musgos americanos] / Crosby, M.R. (Missouri
Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166, US).
In: The Bryologist (ISSN 0007-2745), v. 72, no. 3, p. 275-343. 1969.
Twenty species are recognized in Pilotrichum, apparently confined to the
American tropics. Most species of Pilotrichum have restricted ranges, although
three are widespread. Several species are confined to each of the following
areas, the Greater Antilles, the oceanic Lesser Antilles, and Central and
northern South America Two species are endemic to Cocos Island. Several species
groups are recognized in Pilotrichum, the branch leaves proving the most useful
characters far delineating these. For example, the P. affine-P. hypnotodes
group has narrow leaves with long costae with large dorsal crests. Pilotrichum,
Pilotrichidium, and Diploneuron have been placed in the Pilotrichaceae. The
family is based on one character of stem anatomy. Comparison of other features
of these genera shows that there are no reasonable grounds for treating them as
a separate family. Their affinities are with genera presently placed in the
Hookeriaceae. The naturalness of the Hoakeriaceae is also questioned because so
many diverse elements are placed in it.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5666.
Publicación no.: 181 El género Canthidium (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) en Costa
Rica [The genus Canthidium (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Costa Rica] /
Solís-Blanco, A.; Kohlmann, B. (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad.
Departamento de Entomología, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Giornale Italiano di Entomologia (ISSN 0392-7296), v. 11, no. 52, p. 1-73.
2004.
This paper is the result of the study of the genus Canthidium Erichson
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Costa Rica. Twenty-four species are reported, six
of them are new. The known species are: C. angusticeps Bates, C. arderns Bates,
C. aurifex Bates, C. centrale Boucomont, C. discopygidiale Howden & Young, C.
guanacaste Howden & Gil,. C. haroldi de Borre, C. hespeiheidei Howden & Young,
C. laetum Harold, C. leucopterum Howden & Young, C. macroculare Howden & Gill,
C. pallidoalatum Howden & Young, C. perceptibile Howden & Young, C. planovultum
Howden & Young, C. tenebrosum Howden & Young, C. tuberifrons Howden & Young, C.
variolosum Howden & Young, and C. vespertinum Howden & Young. Thle new species
are: C. annagabrielae, C. emoryi. C. marianelae, C. marielae, C. priscillae,
and C. pseudopuncticolle. The following synonymy is established: C. centrale
Boucomont, 1928 = C. martinezi (Edmonds y Halffter, 1478). Photographs of the
dorsal aspect of all the species are included, as well as their line drawings
of important morphological characteristics and distributiou maps. Drawings of
the dorsal habitus for the new and interesting species are also included. An
identification key is presented.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2000. S10249.
Publicación no.: 182 Cladistics of the pantropical genus Rhinostomus
(Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Dryophthoridae), with nomenclatural notes /
Morrone, J.J.; Cuevas, P.I. (UNAM. Facultad de Ciencias, Museo de Zoología,
Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Apdo. postal 70-399, 04510 México, D.F., MX
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Journal of the New York Entomological Society (ISSN 0028-7199), v. 119, no.
3/4, p. 376-388. 2002.
The dryophthorid genus Rhinostomus Rafinesque (=Yuccaborus LeConte, new
synonym) is a monophyletic taxon, defined by a combination of the following
characters: mandibles exodont, antennal scape passing hind margin of eye,
postocular lobes absent, abdominal punctures present, tibiae usually dentate,
and third tarsal segment bilobed. It belongs to the pantropical tribe
Rhinostomini Kuschel and is comprised of eight species. A cladistic analysis
was carried out using 28 characters from external morphology, body vestiture,
and male genitalia. The analysis yielded a single most parsimonious cladogram,
with 59 steps, consistency index of 0.61, and retention index of 0.75, which
was stable to successive weighting. According to this cladogram, the species
follow the sequence: R. frontalis (LeConte, 1874) [=R. frontalis sharpi (Casey,
1892), new synonym] new combination, R. thompsoni Vaurie, 1970, R.
quadrisignatus (Boheman, 1845), R. meldolae (Pascoe, 1887), R. oblitus
(Jacquelin du Val, 1857) plus R. scrutator (Olivier, 1807), and R. barbirostris
(Fabricius, 1775) plus R. niger (Drury, 1773).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2300.
Publicación no.: 183 Manual de plantas de Costa Rica. Volumen III.
Monocotiledóneas (Orchidaceae-Zingiberaceae) / Hammel, B.E, (ed.).; Grayum,
M.H, (ed.).; Herrera-Mora, C, (ed.).; Zamora-Villalobos, N.A, (ed.).;
Troyo-Jiménez, S, (il.). (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Apdo. 22-3100,
Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> ).
In: Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden (ISSN
0161-1542), v. 93, 884 pp. 2003.ISBN: 1-930723-23-7.
The Manual de plantas de Costa Rica is a concise, illustrated guide to all of
the species of native, naturalized, and commercially cultivated seed plants of
this Central American country which lies between Nicaragua and Panama and is
thus centered inisthmian Central America -a biogeographical funnel between
South an North America, densely rich in species and geological history. The
Manual is the first comprehensive Spanish-language account of the Costa Ricas
flora. The work is presented in a series of volumes: Volume III, concluding the
monocots, is the second to appear. Two large, economically and ornamentally
important families, the orchids (Orchidaceae) with 1318 species, and the
grasses (Poaceae), with 488 species, account for more than 95% of the species
in this volumen. Besides brief formal descriptions and informal notes about
each of a total of 10 families. 331 genera. and 1861 species of monocots, this
identification manual contains keys to all the genera and species included
within the volume. Finally. the treatments are illustrated with 377 line
drawings, 10 black-and-white photographs. and 8 pages of color plates.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 581.97286 M294.
Publicación no.: 184 Thirty-five new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from
Mesoamerica [Treinta y cinco nuevas especies de Eugenia (Myrtaceae) de
Mesoamérica] / Barrie, F.R. (The Field Museum of Natural History. Department of
Botany, 1400 S Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Novon (ISSN 1055-3177), v. 15, no. 1, p. 4-49. 2005.
Preparation of a treatment of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) for the Flora Mesoamericana
resulted in the discovery of many taxa heretofore undescribed. Here, 35 new
species from all parts of Mesoamerica are described and illustrated: Eugenia
belloi, E. breedlovei, E. cararaensis, E. cerrocacaoensis, E. chavarriae, E.
cintalapana, E. cocosensis, E. coibensis, E. corusca, E. esteliensis, E.
farinacea, E. gomezii, E. grayumii, E. grijalvae, E. hammellii, E. hartshornii,
E. herrarae, E. intibucana, E. lempana, E. liesneri, E. lithosperma, E.
locuples, E. magniflora, E. mcphersonii, E. molinae, E. monteverdensis, E.
paloverdensis, E. quercetorum, E. riosae, E. sancarlosensis, E. selvana, E.
shimishito, E. tilarana, E. verruculata, and E. zuchowskiae.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2322.
Publicación no.: 185 A new species of the genus Plagiocephalus (Diptera,
Ulidiidae) from Central America [Una nueva especie del género Plagiocephalus
(Diptera, Ulidiidae) de Centroamérica] / Kameneva, E.P. (National Academy of
Sciences of Ukraine. II Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, B Khmelnitski Str
15, UA-01601, Kiev, UA <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Vestnik Zoologii (ISSN 0084-5604), v. 38, no. 4, p. 15-22. 2004.
Plagiocephalus intermedius Kameneva, sp. n. from Costa Rica is described. It
differs from two other species by shorter eye stalks and pattern, venation and
shape of the wing in male and head coloration and wing venation in female. A
key to species of the genus Plagiocephalus Wiedemann is provided. The lectotype
of Achias lobularis Wiedemann is designated.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2424.
Publicación no.: 186 Catálogo de los Pedipalpi (Arachnida: Amblypygi,
Schizomida, Thelyphonida) de América Central y las Antillas. 5 / de Armas, L.F.
(Apartado Postal 4327, San Antonio de los Baños, La Habana, CU <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Revista Ibérica de Aracnología (ISSN 1576-9518), v. especial monográfico,
no. 2, p. 37-63. 2004.
Los órdenes Ambplypygi, Schizomida y Thelyphonida están representados en el
área por 135 especies, 19 géneros y cuatro familias. La mayor diversidad
taxonómica se halla en Cuba [Amblypygi: dos familias, tres géneros y 14
especies; Schizomida: una familia, diez géneros (seis de ellos endémicos del
país) y 45 especies: Thelyphonida: un género y dos especies]. En este artículo
se ofrece una visión de conjunto de la diversidad de estos tres órdenes de
Arachnida en la región centroamericana, entendida esta en sentido amplio (desde
el istmo de Tehuantepec hasta Panamá, incluidas las Antillas), a la vez que se
subsanan algunas omisiones e imprecisiones del catálogo de Harvey (2003).
Localización: Biblioteca de Arachnida (INBio).
Publicación no.: 187 New species of Chaetosphaeria, Melanopsammella and
Tainosphaeria gen. nov. from the Americas [Nuevas especies de Chaetosphaeria,
Melanopsammella y Tainosphaeria gen. nov. de las Américas] / Fernández, F.A.;
Huhndorf, S.M. (Field Museum of Natural History. Department of Botany, Chicago,
IL 60605-2496, US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Fungal Diversity (ISSN 1560-2745), v. 18, p. 15-57. 2005.
Ten new species of Chaetosphaeria, and one new species of Melanopsammella are
described from North temperate and tropical America. The new genus
Tainosphaeria is also described and Chaetosphaeria capitata is reported from
the Neotropics for the first time. Seven different, distinctive anamorphs are
reported and connected to Chaetosphaeria teleomorphs. The morphological
diversity in anamorphs of Chaetosphaeria and its phylogenetic significance is
discussed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-714.
Publicación no.: 188 Teleomorph-anamorph connections: Chaetosphaeria raiborskii
and related species, and their Craspedodidymum like anamorphs / Huhndorf, S.M.;
Fernández, F.A. (Field Museum of Natural History. Department of Botany,
Chicago, IL 60605-2496, US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Fungal Diversity (ISSN 1560-2745), v. 19, p. 19-49. 2005.
Several Chaetosphaeria species were recognised as having a distinctive ascomal
wall structure and scolecosporous ascospores. Specimens fitting this
description were found repeatedly in many collecting localities in temperate
and tropical areas and while assignment to the overall group was easy based on
the unique ascomal wall cells, determining the actual number of species was
more difficult. Taxa representing the diversity of this group were targeted for
phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer region of the large
subunit nrDNA (ITS). Based on the molecular data, two monophyletic clades were
found which correspond with the circumscription of two existing species, C.
lapaziana and a new combination, C. ellisii. Two new species are recognised,
one based on distinctive teleomorph morphology and one based on culture data.
Chaetosphaeria raciborskii is regarded as polyphyletic and the name is used for
tropical specimens with small-sized, long-setose ascomata. All the species have
Craspedodidymum-like anamorphs in culture and two species additionally have a
Chloridium-like synanamorph. All the species are described and illustrated.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1010.
Publicación no.: 189 Classification, natural history, and evolution of the
genus Aphelocerus Kirsch (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Clerinae) [Clasificación,
historia natural y evolución del género Aphelocerus Kirsch (Coleoptera:
Cleridae: Clerinae)] / Opitz, W (formerly Ekis, G). (Kansas Wesleyan
University. Department of Biology, 100 East Claflin Avenue, Salina, KS
67401-6196, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (ISSN 0003-0090), no.
293, p. 1-128. 2005.
The genus Aphelocerus is redefined to include 66 species as follows: A.
leucomelas (Chevrolat); A. coalitus, n.sp.; A. echinatus, n.sp.; A. affaniatis,
n.sp.; A. delicatulus (Barr); A. aeneus, n.sp.; A. bispineus, n.sp.; A.
extensivus, n.sp.; A. primigenious, n.sp.; A. ciliaris, n.sp.; A. acuticolis,
n.sp.; A. citimus, n.sp.; A. sturnus Kirsh; A. acanthus, n.sp.; A. inconstans
(Gorham); A. cirritus, n.sp.; A. patulus, n.sp.; A. chiriqui, n.sp.; A.
sculptilus, n.sp.; A. sabulosus, n.sp.; A. chondrus, n.sp.; A. cohibilis,
n.sp.; A. irroratus, n.sp.; A. immarginatus (Chevrolat); A. acutus, n.sp.; A.
torosus, n.sp.; A. olanchoensis, n.sp.; A. vietus, n.sp.; A. turnbowi, n.sp.;
A. cornuatus, n.sp.; A. humerus, n.sp.; A. domus, n.sp.; A. capillus, n.sp.; A.
coactus, n.sp.; A. scalenus, n.sp.; A. yungas, n.sp.; A. extensivus, n.sp.; A.
lividus, n.sp.; A. nitidus, n.sp.; A. sagittarius, n.sp.; A. triangulus, n.sp.;
A. batesi, n.sp.; A. ebenus, n.sp.; A. catie, n.sp.; A. monteverde, n.sp.; A.
arenatus, n.sp.; A. bufustis, n.sp.; A. anticus, n.sp.; A. naevius, n.sp.; A.
protenus, n.sp.; A. argus, n.sp.; A. panus, n.sp.; A. hespenheidei, n.sp.; A.
collaris, n.sp.; A. dispilis, n.sp.; A. formicoides, n.sp.; A. akis, n.sp.; A.
chelonus, n.sp.; A. cheliferous, n.sp.; A. scutellaris (Chevrolat); A.
improcerus, n.sp.; A. propinquus, n.sp.; A. calvus, n.sp.; A. myrmecoides,
n.sp.; A. inbatus, n.sp.; A. eriodes, new species, and A. discapillus, new
species. Lectotypes have been designated for A. inconstans, A. leucomelas, A.
nitidus, and A. immarginatus, and for the junior synonyms Clerus laevigatus
Spinola, C. mollifascia Chevrolat (new synonymy), C. subfasciatus (Chevrolat),
and C. cyaneus (Chevrolat) (new synonymy, new combination; transferred from
Enoclerus Gahan). Aside from the conventional subject categories of generic
revisions, this work also includes a translation of the abstract into Spanish,
a treatise about natural history, discussions of species groups and troublesome
key couplets, and evolutionary considerations involving phylogeny and
zoogeography. There are 28 habitus illustrations, 239 line drawings, 29
distribution maps, 9 maps depicting the distribution of the major New World
clerofauna, 13 electron micrographs, 5 photographs, 1 phylogenetic tree
generated by the Hennig 86 computer program, a table involving character
analysis, and a table depicting the geographical distribution of the
apheloceran species groups. Members of the genus Aphelocerus are thought to be
involved in a mimetic complex that also includes species of ants, buprestids,
and chrysomelid beetles, weevils, and spiders. These checkered beetles have
been observed to scurry on broad-leafed herbaceous plants, and particularly
along leaf stems, often in the company of black ants of approximately the same
size. A few have been observed foraging on a variety of tree canopy blossoms,
although it is not known whether the clerids were consuming anthophilic insects
or taking nourishment from flower products such as nectar or pollen. Specimens
have been collected throughout the year; however, most were captured from May
to July, at elevations ranging from 97 to 3000 m. The "beating sheet" method of
collecting seems to be the most productive manner of gathering these beetles,
although specimens have been collected with an aspirator while the insect was
scurrying on foliage or bark (fig. 1b). Other collecting techniques that
yielded specimens include the use of sweep nets, light traps, and Malaise
traps. A few specimens were aspirated from flowers of forest trees. It is
postulated that the initial division of ancestral Aphelocerus occurred on the
current land mass geologically formed by the union of the Mexican/Mayan blocks.
The evolution of the group probably began some time after the major Caribbean
tectonic events had taken place. The relative paucity of structural diversity
among the extant members of the genus suggests a recent evolution for the group
or strong selection to resemble a common model for mimicry. The available
evidence indicates that there have been three major evolutionary trends among
the extant species of Aphelocerus. The first involves the progressive increase
of elytral convexity among the mimetic species of the genus, i.e., mimicry of
ants, spiders, and Myrmex weevils. The second trend involves the development of
white secondary (2°) setae on the elytra, and third, the consolidation of these
setae into white setal patches on various organs of the integument. The
prominent association of checkered beetles with temperate and tropical montane
regions suggests that checkered beetles, in general, occur in seven New World
geographical areas, each of which is illustrated: North America, Middle
America, South America, Mexo America, Central America, Nuclear Central America,
and Insular Central America.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1798.
Publicación no.: 190 Effect of thinning on stem form and wood characteristics
of teak (Tectona grandis) in a humid tropical site in Costa Rica [Efecto del
raleo en la forma del tallo y las características de la teca (Tectona grandis)
en un sitio de bosque tropical húmedo en Costa Rica] / Pérez-Cordero, L.D.;
Kanninen, M. (Ambiente Tierra SA, Apartado 733-2250, Tres Ríos de la Unión, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Silva Fennica (ISSN 0037-5330), v. 39, no. 2, p. 217-225. 2005.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of thinning intensity on wood
properties, such as heartwood proportion, wood basic density, and stem form of
teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). The thinning trial was established on a teak
plantation in a humid tropical site in northern Costa Rica. The moderate and
heavy thinnings yielded the highest percentage of heartwood volume (25 to 30%
of total stem volume). The differences between stem form factors under
different treatments were not statistically significant after separating
thinning effects from timing effects. Both the highest ( 0.65 g cm³) and the
lowest ( 0.50 g cm³) wood density values were observed under light thinnings,
making it difficult to establish a relationship. Large variations in wood
properties found under different thinning regimes suggest that at early stages
teak stands can be managed under different thinning programs without negatively
affecting the quality of wood under humid tropical conditions.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1233.
Publicación no.: 191 Novas espécies de Sundarion Kirkaldy (Hemiptera,
Membracidae) [New species of Sundarion Kirkaldy (Hemiptera, Membracidae)] /
Creão-Duarte, A.J.; de Souza, O.E.; Rothéa, R.R.A.D. (Universidade Federal da
Paraíba. Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, 83800990 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba,
BR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (ISSN 0085-5626), v. 49, no. 1, p. 93-96.
2005.
Four new species of Sundarion Kirkaldy, 1904 are described and illustrated: S.
compactum Souza & Rothea sp. nov., S. costaricense Souza & Rothea sp. nov., S.
notabile Souza & Rothea sp. nov., and S. rubricatum Souza & Rothea sp. nov. The
first two species are from Costa Rica, and two others from Brazil, Mato Grosso.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1165.
Publicación no.: 192 Payment for environmental services in Costa Rica: Carbon
sequestration estimations of native tree plantations [Pago por servicios
ambientales en Costa Rica: Estimaciones de captura de carbono de plantaciones
forestales de árboles nativos] / Redondo-Brenes, A. (Yale University, New
Haven, CT 06511, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tropical Resources Bulletin, v. 24, p. 20-29. 2005.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10594.
NBINA-2473.
Publicación no.: 193 Contributions toward a flora of Panama. IV. Miscellaneous
collections, chiefly by Paul H. Allen [Contribuciones hacia una flora de
Panamá. IV. Colecciones misceláneas, principalmente hechas por Paul H. Allen] /
Woodson, R.E., Jr.; Schery, R.W. (Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St.
Louis, MO 63166, US).
In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (ISSN 0026-6493), v. 27, no. 3, p.
1-102. 1940.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2564.
Publicación no.: 194 A revision of the genus Anthurium (Araceae) of Mexico and
Central America. Part I: Mexico and Middle America [Revisión del género
Anthurium (Araceae) de México y Centroamérica. Parte I: México y Centroamérica]
/ Croat, T.B. (Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO
63166-0299, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (ISSN 0026-6493), v. 70, no. 2, p.
211-416. 1983.
Anthurium (Araceae), a distinct neotropical genus with more than 700 species,
is a member of the subfamily Pothoideae. The genus ranges from Northern Mexico
and the Greater Antilles to Southern Brazil and Northern Argentina and
Paraguay. Species diversity is greatest at lower to middle elevations of
northern South America, Panama, and Costa Rica, while the upper Amazonian
forests and lower Amazonian forests are relatively poor in species. In this
paper, 122 species from Mexico and Middle America are revised. The 152
Panamanian species will be treated in a subsequent paper. In Mexico and Middle
America, Costa Rica is richest in species, with 65. The remainder of Middle
America is relatively poor in species, with Nicaragua having only 25 known
species, Honduras having only 13 known species, Guatemala having 25 known
species, and Belize fewer than 10 species. Mexico has 41 known taxa with 26
species endemic. In all, six new taxa from Mexico and Middle America were
described in this revision: A. armeniense, A. chamulense Matuda ssp. oaxacanum,
A. halmoorei, A. lancetillense, A. nelsonü, and A. rzedowskii. In addition,
five new combinations have been proposed, including A. chiapasense ssp.
tlaxiacense (Matuda) Croat, A. cuneatissimum (Engler) Croat, A. pedatoradiatum
ssp. helleborifolium (Schott) Croat, A. schlechtendalii ssp. jimenezii (Matuda)
Croat, and A. subcordatum ssp. chlorocardium (Standl. & L. O. Wms.) Croat.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2545.
Publicación no.: 195 Desempeño ambiental de la certificación forestal y el pago
por servicios ambientales, como mecanismos de promoción del manejo sostenible
de bosques naturales en Costa Rica [Environmental performance of the forest
certification and payment for environmental services on natural forests as a
promotion of sustainable management] / Yalle-Paredes, S.R. (<E-mail:
[email protected]> ).
Turrialba: CATIE, 2004. 139 pp.
Thesis, Mag. Sc., Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza
(CATIE), Turrialba (Costa Rica).
This study evaluated the effects of forest certification and payment for
environmental services on the environmental performance on natural forests
management for timber production. This study was carried out in the North and
Atlantic zones in Costa Rica in the conservation areas: Huetar Norte,
Tortuguero, and the Central Volcanic Corridor. Thirty forest management units
(FMU), which combined forest certification (CFV) payments environmental service
(PES), and units this didn't have promotional mechanisms for forest management
were grouped into four treatments: PES, CFV, PES-CFV, and control. The
evaluation of the environmental performance for forest management was carried
out by using a methodology based on criteria and indicators selected based on
the sixth principle of the national standards in order to evaluate sustainable
forest management and biological monitoring The standard consisted of two
criteria and nine indicators. The characterization of the FMU and forest use
showed high variability in the management area (11-160 ha) and altitudinal
ranges (30-600 m). Nine forest types were identified by species dominance such
as Pentaclethra macroloba, Carapa guianensis, Dialium guianensis and Vochysia
ferruginea: Seventy percent of the forests were previously harvested; the
average basal area and the number of individuals (30cm dbh) before the forests
were harvested were between 11 5-23,5 m2 ha" and 50-121 trees ha-1,
respectively. The harvesting intensity was between 1.6-2.8 trees ha- 1 with a
volume of 6 4 and 13.4 m3ha"', Significant differences were found between
treatments (P 0.05). The FMUs with the PES-CFV treatment showed lower
harvesting intensity (1.6 trees ha) than the control (2 8 trees ha-'). However,
even though there were significant differences between treatments for these two
variables, the harvest volume for both treatments did not differ statistically.
Criteria one evaluation results showed that the PES-CFV treatment had the best
environmental performance followed by CVFand PES In the first treatment, no
evidence of tree cutting was observed in protected areas, burned, cleared,
agricultural or pasture areas nor in areas with unfavorable meteorological
conditions The evaluation of criteria 2 indicated the forest state after
harvesting. Significant differences were not found for the horizontal structure
(basal area, number of individuals). In the vertical structure, strata one (0-2
m) showed significant differences The highest foliage cover and the lowest
structural variability were found in PES-CFV forests. The best performance for
achieving the control measures for water erosion, the impact of openings caused
by harvesting, and the construction of roads was found in the FMUs with CFV and
PES-CFV. However, the total impact values for the production forests for all of
the treatments were much lower than the limits established in the national
standards (25%) The total impact for harvesting was lower in the treatments CFV
and PES-CVF (5.24 and 5.87%, respectively). The statistical analysis showed
significant differences between these treatments with promotional mechanisms
for forest management and the control (10%) (PF=0.022). The multivariate
analysis supported the univariate analysis results, and the most important
variables grouped FMU into three large groups where group 1 (CFV, PES-CFV)
showed better performance than group 2 (mixture of treatments with ESP
dominance) and group 3 (FMU controls) However, group 2 did not differ
significantly from group 3. The most important variables that influenced the
results were elements related to protection and control against water erosion
processes during harvesting as well as the closing activities at the end of the
harvesting. Other important elements which influenced the results were the type
of forest management (Regent) as well as the control and protection actions of
the farm after finishing the operations. When the regent was an NGO had the
best performance due to better efficiency in planning and carrying out
forestharvesting activities as well as better control and protection of the
FMUs after harvesting. These results clearly showed the positive effects of
forest certification and payments for environmental service in improving
environmental performance in forestharvesting operations, even in Costa Rican
conditions where the current legislation mandates low environmental impact. CFV
and PES should be encouraged in all of the forests managed for timber in order
to increase economic benefits while maintaining the ecological integrity of
these ecosystems.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2403.
Publicación no.: 196 Impacto socioeconómico del pago de servicios ambientales y
la certificación forestal voluntaria como mecanismos que promueven la
sostenibilidad del manejo forestal en Costa Rica [Socio-economics impact of the
payments of environmental services and the voluntary forest certification as
mechanisms that promote the sustainability of forest management in Costa Rica]
/ Garay-Rodríguez, M.E.
Turrialba: CATIE, 2003. 161 pp.
Thesis, Mag. Sc., Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza
(CATIE), Turrialba (Costa Rica).
Sustainable forest management (SFM) has been considered as an alternative to
reduce tropical and subtropical deforestation and to minimise its negative
impacts as it ensures the permanence of ecological, economics and social
functions of the forest. Nevertheless, the costs and restrictions associated
with SFM prevent its adoption by stakeholders with insufficient economic
resources. Aiming at increasing the competitiveness of SFM and its
sustainability, Costa Rica implemented two mechanisms: Payment of environmental
services (PES), that seeks to internalize the environmental benefits and
Voluntary forest certification (VFC), that - through market-based rewardspromotes SFM practices. The objective of the present study is to determine the
socio-economic impact of PES and VFC as mechanisms that promote the
sustainability of forest management in Costa Rica. A standard of principles,
criteria and indicators (PC&I) was formulated to characterize these
socio-economic impacts. During two workshops, an interdisciplinary team
reviewed, discussed, improved and qualified this standard. The qualification
served to calculate the weights of each PC&I. The standard was used to
elaborate protocols for data collection. Data were obtained from secondary
sources (information on stakeholders already collected by institutions in
charge of the mechanisms) and primary sources (semi-structured interviews of
SFM stakeholders: direct beneficiaries and institutions from public and private
sectors). Thirty-four forest management units (FMU) were chosen in the areas of
conservation: Arenal-Huetar Norte, Cordillera Volcánica Central and Tortuguero.
Eleven FMU received PES, seven were certified, six participated in both
mechanisms, and ten did not participate in mechanisms. Upon a cualitative
analysis of the data, an assessment scale was developed. The weighted average
impacts were statistically analysed through univariate analyses of variance in
order to determine what factors constituted sources of variability in the
impacts, and if these factors differed significantly between the beneficiaries.
The subsequent multivariate analyses (clusters and discriminant) seek to
differentiate beneficiaries according to the perceived impacts, and
characterize the resulting groups. The results show that the total impact of
PSA or CFV was greater in the beneficiaries with less economic resources. In
general, they were dedicated to agricultural activities and, prior to joining
the schemes, had reduced access to institutions and information. Nevertheless
the contribution of the mechanisms to socio-economic well-being of
beneficiaries has been relatively low, and its incidence in the economic
sustainability of forest management has been minimal as well. The impacts were
influenced by factors of the socio-economic and political-institutional
context. Although the importance of these mechanisms for better forest
management is recognized, the decision of stakeholders to adopt or continue SFM
depends on economic criteria. In order to increase the socio-economic
contribution of PES or VFC, corresponding institutions must explicitly consider
socio-economic dimensions of sustainability in the design of these mechanisms,
evaluate the local socio-economic heterogeneities, identify target groups, and
design a strategy of differentiated implementation.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2399.
Publicación no.: 197 Prasmodon zlotnicki, a new Neotropical species of the
genus Prasmodon Nixon (Braconidae: Microgastrinae) from Costa Rica, with the
first host records for the genus [Prasmodon zlotnicki, una nueva especie
Neotropical del género Prasmodon Nixon (Braconidae: Microgastrinae) de Costa
Rica, con el primer registro de hospederos para el género] / Valerio, A.A.;
Rodríguez, J.J.; Whitfield, J.B.; Janzen, D.H. (University of Illinois.
Department of Entomology, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, US <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5326), no. 1016, p. 29-38. 2005.
Prasmodon zlotnicki, a new Costa Rican species of the genus Prasmodon Nixon, is
described and illustrated. In addition, the first host records for the genus
are included along with an updated key to differentiate Prasmodon zlotnicki
from P. eminens Nixon. Prasmodon is now known to attack several species of
leaf-rolling and leaf-webbing Crambidae (Lepidoptera) in rain forest habitats.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4869.
Publicación no.: 198 Novos táxons em Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) com
única carena elitral [New taxa in Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) with a
single elytral carina] / Galileo, M.H.M.; Martins de Souza, U.R. (Fundação
Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul. Museu de Ciências Naturais, Caixa Postal
1188, 90001970 Porto Alegre, RS, BR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Iheringia - Série Zoológica (Porto Alegre) (ISSN 0073-4721), v. 94, no. 4,
p. 381-388. 2004.
New taxa described from Bolivia (Santa Cruz): Canarana roseicollis sp. nov.,
Gagarinia melasma sp. nov., Hemioloapis ybyra sp. nov.; from Ecuador (Napo):
Adesmus paradiana sp. nov., Hemiloapis endyba sp. nov; from Costa Rica:
Sybaguasu cupreum sp. nov.; from Costa Rica and Panama: Cotycuara gen. nov.,
type species, C. albomarginata sp. nov.; Iatuca gen. nov., type species, I.
brevicornis sp. nov. A key to the species of Hemiloapis Galileo & Martins, 2004
is added.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3911.
Publicación no.: 199 Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the
neotropical region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae [Catálogo de los Cerambycidae
(Coleoptera) de la región neotropical. Parte II. Subfamilia Lamiinae] / Monné,
M.A. (Museu Nacional/Universidad Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de
Entomologia, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 29840-040, Rio de Janeiro, BR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5326), no. 1023, p. 1-760. 2005.
A catalogue of the subfamily Lamiinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the
Neotropical region is presented. The tribes (36), genera (723), species (4231)
and subspecies (60) are listed in alphabetical order. Under each family-group
name bibliographical references are given and under each species-group name,
data on the type-locality, the acronym of the institution where the type is
deposited, the geographical distribution and detailed bibliographical
references are provided. Two new combinations are proposed: Urographis eucharis
(Bates, 1885), new comb. and Urographis vexillaris (Bates, 1872) new comb.,
both from Graphisurus LeConte, 1852, not Kirby, 1837. The following new names
are given: Alcathousiella new name to replace Alcathous Thomson, 1864,
preoccupied by Alcathous Stal, 1863, Hemiptera; Camposiellina new name to
replace Camposiella Lane, 1972, preoccupied by Camposiella Hebard, 1924,
Orthoptera; Edechthistatus new name to replace Parechthistatus Giesbert, 2001,
preoccupied by Parechthistatus Breuning, 1942, Coleoptera; Elytracanthina new
name to replace Elytracantha Lane, 1955, preoccupied by Elytracantha Kleine,
1915, Coleoptera; Eranina new name to replace Erana Bates, 1866, preoccupied by
Erana Gray, 1840, Aves; Heteresmia new name to replace Esmia Pascoe, 1859,
preoccupied by Esmia Leach, 1847, Mollusca; Eupalessa new name to replace
Eupales Dillon & Dillon, 1945, preoccupied by Eupales Lefevre, 1885,
Coleoptera; Melzerus new name to replace Idiomerus Melzer, 1934, preoccupied by
Idiomerus Imms, 1912, Collembola; Midamiella new name to replace Midamus Dillon
& Dillon, 1945, preoccupied by Midamus Simon, 1881, Arachnida; Neoamphion new
name to replace Amphion Reiche, 1840, preoccupied by Amphion Huebner, 1819,
Lepidoptera; Neocolobura new name to replace Colobura Blanchard, 1851,
preoccupied by Colobura Billberg, 1820, Lepidoptera; Neohoplonotus new name to
replace Hoplonotus Blanchard, 1851, preoccupied by Hoplonotus Schmidt-Goebel,
1846, Coleoptera; Neohylus new name to replace Hylus Dillon & Dillon, 1945,
preocuppied by Hylus Van Dyke, 1945, Coleoptera; Neolampedusa new name to
replace Lampedusa Dillon & Dillon, 1945, preoccupied by Lampedusa Boettger,
1877, Mollusca; Proseriphus new name to replace Seriphus Bates, 1864,
preoccupied by Seriphus Ayres, 1857, Pisces. One new synonym is proposed:
Proxepectasis Monne & Giesbert, 1992 = Parepectasoides Breuning, 1979.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6246.
Publicación no.: 200 The genus Eucatops of Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Leiodidae,
Cholevinae, Eucatopini) [El género Eucatops de Costa Rica (Coleoptera:
Leiodidae, Cholevinae, Eucatopini)] / Peck, S.B.; Cook, J. (Carleton
University. Department of Biology, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S
5B6, CA <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Canadian Entomologist (ISSN 0008-347X), v. 137, no. 3, p. 283-303.
2005.
The genus Eucatops Portevin, 1903 was previously known by 20 described species,
all from South America. In this paper we describe 13 new species from Costa
Rica, all in the subgenus Eucatops: Eucatops (Eucatops) andersoni sp. nov.; E.
(E.) antennatus sp. nov.; E. (E.) apterus sp. nov.; E. (E.) dentatus sp. nov.;
E. (E.)femoratus sp. nov.; E. (E.) globosus sp. nov.; E. (E.) magnus sp. nov.;
E. (E.) minutus sp. nov.; E. (E.) montanus sp. nov.; E. (E.) osa sp. nov.; E.
(E.) paramontanus sp. nov.; E. (E.) solisi sp. nov.; and E. (E.) tentuisaccus
sp. nov. Some of the species are also reported from neighboring Nicaragua or
Panama.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2824.
Publicación no.: 201 A revision of Asterogyne (Arecaceae: Arecoideae:
Geonomeae) [Revisión de Asterogyne (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Geonomeae)] /
Stauffer, F.W.; Asmussen, C.B.; Henderson, A.; Endress, P.K. (University of
Zurich. Institute of Systematic Botany, Zollkerstrasse 107, CH 8008 Zurich, CH
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected] <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brittonia (ISSN 0007-196X), v. 55, no. 4, p. 326-356. 2003.
A taxonomic revision of the neotropical genus Asterogyne Hook. (Arecaceae:
Arecoideae: Geonomeae) is presented. The genus is characterized by one
autoapomorphic character, the separation of anther thecae by a bifid
connective, and the combination of small to medium-sized stems, bifid simple
leaf blades, floral pits in bud covered by a rounded upper lip that overlaps a
lower lip, and pistillate flowers with staminodial lobes that are displayed in
a starlike shape. Five species are recognized in this treatment: one of them
(Asterogyne martiana) is widely distributed from Belize in Central America to
northern Ecuador, three species (A. ramosa, A. spicata, and A. yaracuyense) are
endemic to small areas in the Venezuelan Coastal Range, and one species (A.
guianensis) is endemic to eastern French Guiana. The taxonomic history,
morphology, reproductive biology, distribution and ecology, intrageneric
relationships, and conservation status are reviewed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1176.
Publicación no.: 202 A dated molecular phylogeny of the Proctolabinae
(Orthoptera, Acrididae), especially the Lithoscirtae, and the evolution of
their adaptive traits and present biogeography [Una filogenia marcada de los
Proctolabinae (Orthoptera, Acrididae), especialmente de los Lithoscirtae y la
evolución de sus estrategias adaptativas y biogeografía presente] / Rowell,
C.H.F.; Flook, P.K. (Universität Basel. Zoologisches Institut, Rheinsprung 9,
4051 Basel, CH <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Journal of Orthoptera Research (ISSN 1082-6467), v. 13, no. 1, p. 35-56.
2004.
We present a phylogeny of the Proctolabinae derived from their 12S and 16S
mitochondrial ribosomal gene sequences, using 15 genera and 24 species.
Phylogenetic analysis was performed using 4 different methods embodying
different assumptions (maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood
and Bayesian probability methods), all of which result in closely similar
trees. The results largely corroborate the relationships and classification
previously suggested by morphology. A phylogenetic tree including members of
the Oedipodinae, Proctolabinae and Melanoplinae, fulfills the criteria of a
molecular clock, which we calibrate using the divergence of the Oedipodinae
from the other acridid subfamilies (Gaunt & Miles 2002). The major "starburst"
radiation of acridid subfamilies, previously documented by the present authors
on the basis of a different analysis, and here represented by the divergence of
the Proctolabinae and Melanoplinae, is estimated to have occurred 60 Mya, at
the K/T boundary. The modern tribes and subtribes of the Proctolabinae were
established in the subsequent 10 My, and most of the current genera were
established between 25 and 35 Mya. We examine the phylogenetic distribution of
food-plant specialisation, and of the correlated traits of flightlessness and
of endo- and epiphytic oviposition, primarily within the subtribe Lithoscirtae.
The original specialisation of this group was apparently on the Solanaceae,
soon after the origin of that family around 38 Mya, with later radiation onto
the Asteraceae and other unrelated families. The spectrum of food plants used
is not based on relationship but rather on ecological proximity. Oviposition in
or on the food-plant is primitive for this subtribe, and has been developed in
different ways in the various clades. The power of flight has been lost and/or
regained and wing form modified independently in several different lineages
throughout the subfamily. The modern and historical biogeography of the
subfamily is discussed in the light of its apparent antiquity and of the
current understanding of Central American plate tectonics.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1250.
Publicación no.: 203 The foliose and fruticose lichens of Costa Rica. I /
Dodge, C.W.
In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (ISSN 0026-6493), v. 20, no. 3, p.
373-467. 1933.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1821.
Publicación no.: 204 A review of the Mesoamerican flower flies of the genus
Meromacrus (Diptera: Syrphidae) including the description of a new species
[Revisión de las moscas mesoamericanas de las flores del género Meromacrus
(Diptera: Syrphidae) incluyendo la descripción de una nueva especie] / Blatch,
S.A.; Thompson, F.C.; Zumbado-Arrieta, M.A. (University of Maryland. Department
of Entomology, College Park, MD 20742, US <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Studia Dipterologica (ISSN 0945-3954), v. 10, no. 1, p. 13-36. 2003.
The Mesoamerican species of the genus Meromacrus are revised. A key to the nine
species, along with synonymies, descriptions, distributions, and figures for
all species are given. Meromacrus melansoni Blatch spec. nov., is described and
one new synonym is proposed (Meromacrus panamensis Curran, 1930 = Milesia
laconica Walker, 1852).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2767.
Publicación no.: 205 Revision of Neotropical Setomimini (Diptera: Psychodidae:
Psychodinae) [Revisión de los Setomimini Neotropicales (Diptera: Psychodidae:
Psychodinae)] / Quate, L.W.; Brown, B.V. (The Natural History Museum of Los
Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) (ISSN 0459-8113), no. 500, p. 1-117.
2004.
The 145 Neotropical species of Psychodinae with expanded anterior gonocoxal
apodemes are revised and classified in the tribe Setomimini sensu Vaillant
(1990). Three new genera, Didimioza, Micrommatos, and Valerianna, are
described, as well as 84 species that are new to science: Didicrum deceptrix,
D. remulum, D. pyramidon, Thrysocanthus deformitas, Didimioza venezuelica,
Didimioza chachapoya, Tonnoira protuberata, T. psacadoptera, T. castanea, T.
sicilis, T. bifurcata, T. didyma, T. rapiformis, T. cavernicola, T. fusiformis,
Alepia amputonis, A. azulita, A. unicinota, A. lanceolata, A. condylaria, A.
digitula, A. litotes, A. absona, A. ferruginea, A. piscicauda, A. labyrinthica,
A. caceresi, A. scolomeris, A. diocula, A. longinoi, A. fruticosa, A. imitata,
A. falcata, A. ancylis, Balbagathis sinuosa, B. trispica, B. confraga, B.
discuspis, B. barva, B. dissimilis, B. manuensis, B. agrestis, Platyplastinx
culmosus, P. tango, P. crossomiscos, P. apodastos, Arisemus maesi, Ar.
triatrapars, Ar. aenigmaticus, Ar. woodi, Ar. rhamphos, Ar. grandilobus, Ar.
caceresi, Ar. pigmentatus, Ar. ampliscapus, Ar. barbarus, Ar. amydrus, Ar.
sesquipedalis, Ar. confertus, Australopericoma abnormalis, Aus. exilis, Aus.
pontilis, Aus. sagitta, Aus. multifida, Aus. bulbula, Aus. cesticella, Aus.
trinidadensis, Aus. curvata, Aus. bhati, Aus. falcata, Micrommatos simplex, M.
stephaniae, M. anconatum, M. serratum, M. sylvaticum, Caenobrunettia
subditicia, C. pollicaris, C. thele, C. fraudulenta, C. barretti, Valerianna
manuensis, V. bullata, Nemoneura confraga, and N. liparotes. New synonyms are
Bazara Vaillant (= Arisemus Satchell), Alepia bulbula Quate, A. sectilis Quate
(both = Alepia valentia Quate), Arisemus lepidotos Quate, Ar. stylofurcatus
Collantes and Martí´nez-Ortega (both = Arisemus atrasetus (Rapp)), and Pericoma
wirthi Quate (= Australopericoma caudata (Satchell)). Newly recognized
combinations are Didicrum fenestratum (Tonnoir), Desmioza speciosa (Tonnoir),
Didimioza symphylia (Quate), Australopericoma roessleri (Wagner and Joost),
Aus. caudata (Satchell), Aus. pallidula (Tonnoir), and Caenobrunettia
stylappendiculata (Wagner). The life history of most species is unknown,
although one species is newly recorded from Azteca ant (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae) nests, one from an oil bird (Steatornis caripenis) cave, and one
from a bromeliad. Adult males of one species were observed ''dancing'' on
undergrowth leaves in an apparent male mating swarm.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1864.
Publicación no.: 206 Aumento en el número de observaciones de lapa roja (Ara
macao) en la zona norte de Costa Rica / Chassot, O.; Monge-Arias, G. (Centro
Científico Tropical. Proyecto de Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa Verde
(Ara Ambigua), Corredor Biológico San Juan-La Selva, Apdo. 8-3870, 1000 San
José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zeledonia (Costa Rica) (ISSN 1659-0732), v. 8, no. 2, p. 12-13. 2004.
El 12 de agosto 2004, se observó una cantidad significativa de lapas rojas (Ara
macao) en la zona riberaña del río San Carlos, distrito de Pital, cantón de San
Carlos, provincia de Alajuela, dentro del propuesto Parque Nacional Maquenque.
A las 8:30 a.m., se observó una bandada de 18 individuos, volando en los
alrededores del hotel de montaña "La Laguna del Lagarto Lodge" (517000 /
296000) [coordenada de la Proyección Lambert Norte, puntos georeferenciales] en
una zona semi-abierta constituida por bosques primarios, bosques secundarios y
plantaciones forestales de melina (Gmelina arborea). A las 11:20 a.m., se
observó una bandada de 12 individuos, a unos 500 m al este del pueblo de Boca
San Carlos (515200 / 307600), en la orilla del río San Juan, en zonas abiertas.
Estas aves cruzaban desde la Reserva Indio-Maíz en Nicaragua, hacia la ribera
costarricense, volando a una altura de 50 metros. Finalmente, a las 12:45 p.m.
y unos 1.500 m al sur de Boca San Carlos, sobre la carretera principal (516000
/ 305500), se observó un grupo de ocho individuos descansando en un árbol de
balsa (Ochroma lagopus) a aproximadamente seis metros de altura. Durante los
días siguientes, del 13 al 15 de agosto, se volvieron a observar varias
bandadas de Ara macao en La Cureña. La zona de las observaciones corresponde al
último reducto del rango hogareño de la lapa verde (Ara ambiguus)
[anteriormente Ara ambigua] en la zona norte de Costa Rica, en el período
cuando las lapas verdes, generalmente, migran hacia las estribaciones de la
vertiente norte de la Cordillera Volcánica Central, especialmente en la parte
sarapiqueña del Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo y su zona de amortiguamiento.
Durante los 10 años de investigación sobre Ara ambiguus en esta zona, se han
reportado una gran cantidad de observaciones de lapas rojas pero nunca con un
número tan alto de individuos. En algunas ocasiones, hemos observado
competencia entre ambas especies de lapas durante el período de anidamiento,
particularmente en cavidades de árboles de almendro (Dipteryx panamensis). Por
lo general, Ara macao logra apropiarse del nido. De los 66 nidos de Ara
ambiguus registrados activos durante los diez años de investigación, ocho de
ellos han sido reportados ocupados por parejas de Ara macao en algún año. Todos
ellos han sido árboles de almendro con un diámetro promedio de 116,71 cm a la
altura del pecho, y el nido a una altura promedio de 19,8 m desde el suelo. Se
piensa que Ara ambiguus es más frágil y propensa a los cambios de hábitat que
en Ara macao. Consideramos interesante realizar un estudio en el área para Ara
macao y conocer sobre población total, fuentes de alimento, distribución,
movimientos y anidación.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: Z.
Publicación no.: 207 Primer reporte de nido de Vanellus chilensis (Avefría
teru/Southern lapwing) / May, R.H.
In: Zeledonia (Costa Rica) (ISSN 1659-0732), v. 9, no. 1, p. 39. 2005.
Leonardo Chaves y Ernesto Carman encontraron el nido de Venellus chilensis el 5
de marzo pasado frente al Hotel Montaña de Fuego, Arenal, La Fortuna, a una
elevación de aproximadamente 500 msnm. Los cuatro huevos, color café claro con
manchas negruscas, fueron puestos sobre una boñiga de caballo seca donde el ave
hizo un pequeño "scrape" sobre ésta. El nido estaba expuesto al sol y un
individuo de Vanellus chilensis hacía sombra a los huevos por unos minutos y
luego se sentó; después se informa que las dos aves tomaban turnos en el nido,
según el reporte de Chaves. También explica que dos días previos, Harry Castro
filmó y fotografió el nido. Esta especie sudamericana se estableció en Costa
Rica hace unos pocos años y ya está incluida en Stiles y Skutch (2003). Aunque
este es el primer avistamiento de un nido de Vanellus chilensis en Costa Rica,
ya se ha sospechado desde algún tiempo que estaba reproduciéndose en el
territorio nacional. Según un reportaje en The Gone Birding Newsletter (octubre
de2004), al final de julio del año pasado, Zim Zook observó esta ave en las
lagunas de oxidación de Coopeagri-Cenizas en San Isidro de El General,
aparentamente en desplegamiento reproductivo y otros individuos en plumaje
juvenil. Trabajadores de la cooperativa informaron a Zook que habían vista
nidos con huevos unos tres meses antes.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: Z.
Publicación no.: 208 Piña (Ananas comosus L. Merr) sembrada en labranza mínima
y labranza convencional en San Carlos, Costa Rica [Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.
Merr) cultivation under minimum tillage and conventional tillage in San Carlos,
Costa Rica] / Rojas-Acuña, L.A.; Camacho-Buberth, G. (Instituto Tecnológico de
Costa Rica. Escuela de Agronomía, Sede Regional de San Carlos, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Mesoamericana (ISSN 1021-7444), v. 15, no. 2, p. 161-172. 2004.
The establishment and development of a pineapple cultivation sowed in minimum
tillage and conventional tillage was evaluated in San Carlos, Costa Rica. The
work carried out consisted of a description of the preparation of the land, and
an analysis oforganic matter, microorganisms and arthropods, nematodes, and
mortality of plants; an analysis of production costs was also made. The
conventional preparation of soil was carried out between four and five months
after paraquat application, while in minimum tillage the time preparation of
soil was of two months after herbicide application. Also, in minimum tillage
the residues of the previous plantation deposited in the internal streets can
serve as a source of inoculum of pests and diseases, besides hindering the
drainage. The population of microorganisms (bacterias, actinos and fungi) was
higher in minimum tillage. In the analysis of arthropods, the conventional
tillage showed higher populations of Oribatida and Collembola, while in minimum
tillage there was a larger population of mites and larvae of Elateridae; the
population of Scarabeidae was similar in both tillage systems. The population
of nematodes in soils and roots was also relatively low. The main cause of
plant mortality was due to diseases known as "rots" caused by the complex
Phytophthora-Erwinia; but the incidence was low in both tillage systems. No
significant differences were observed in plant height either. The costs of
preparation of the land in minimum tillage were 50 % lower thanthose of the
conventional tillage.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: A.
Publicación no.: 209 Revision of Brachystethus (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae,
Edessinae) [Revisión de Brachystethus (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Edessinae)] /
Barcellos, A.; Grazia, J. (Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul. Museu de
Ciências Naturais, Caixa Postal 1188, 90001-970 Porto Alegre, RS, BR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Iheringia - Série Zoológica (Porto Alegre) (ISSN 0073-4721), v. 93, no. 4,
p. 413-446. 2003.
Brachystethus Laporte, 1832 is revised. Brachystethus coxalis Breddin, 1904, B.
cribrus (Fabricius, 1781), B. geniculatus (Fabricius, 1787), B. improvisus
Breddin, 1905, B. rubromaculatus Dallas, 1851, B. signoreti Stål, 1872, B.
tricolor Bolívar, 1879, B. vexillum Breddin, 1903 and B. vicinus Signoret, 1851
are redescribed based on morphological characters, with emphasis on genitalia
of both sexes. A new species, B. schuhi, from Guyana, is described, and B.
discolor (Walker, 1867), incertae sedis, is removed from the genus.
Illustrations and a key for species of Brachystethus are provided.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10500. NBINA-1558.
Publicación no.: 210 Inhibitory effects of Piper umbellatum and Piper peltatum
extracts towards myotoxic phospholipases A2 from Bothrops snake venoms:
isolation of 4-nerolidylcatechol as active principle [Efectos inhibidores de
los extractos de Piper umbellatum y Piper peltatum hacia las fosfolipasas A2
miotóxicas del veneno de serpientes Bothrops: aislamiento como principio activo
del 4-nerolidylcatechol] / Núñez, V.; Castro-Araya, V.H.; Murillo-Masís, R.;
Ponce-Soto, L.A.; Merfort, I.; Lomonte-Vigliotti, B. (Universidad de Costa
Rica, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Phytochemistry (ISSN 0031-9422), v. 66, no. 9, p. 1017-1025. 2005.
Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) are important constituents of snake venoms, being
responsible for several of their toxic actions. Extracts from plants used in
folk medicine were screened for inhibition of the enzymatic activity of
myotoxin I, a PLA2 from Bothrops asper. Piper umbellatum and Piper peltatum
extracts tested positive, and their fractionation resulted in the isolation of
4-nerolidylcatechol. Its inhibitory effects towards toxic activities of two
Bothrops myotoxins, representing catalytically active (Asp49) and catalytically
inactive (Lys49) types of group II PLA2s, respectively, were characterized. The
enzyme activity of B. asper myotoxin I was completely inhibited by
4-nerolidylcatechol at an inhibitor:toxin ratio of 10:1 (wt/wt) with an IC50 of
approx equal to 1 mM. In addition, 4-nerolidylcatechol inhibited
representatives of groups I and III of PLA2s. Its preincubation with Bothrops
myotoxins significantly reduced their myotoxic and edema-inducing activities in
animal experiments. However, when 4-nerolidylcatechol was administered in situ,
immediately after toxin injection, its inhibitory ability was substantially
lower or negligible. This might be explained by the rapid action of these
toxins in vivo, together with the slow inactivation of PLA2 activity observed
in vitro. Electrophoretic and chromatographic analyses of myotoxins ruled out
major changes in protein charge, hydrophobicity, or gross molecular mass being
involved in the inhibition mechanism. Mass spectrometry determinations are
consistent with the covalent modification of myotoxin by one molecule of
4-nerolidylcatechol. Finally, a novel compound was isolated from both Piper
species, sharing the nerolidyl skeleton, but nevertheless not being inhibitory
towards the PLA2s studied.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3024.
Publicación no.: 211 Contribución al catálogo de los Gasteromycetes
(Basidiomycotina, Fungi) de Costa Rica / Calonge, F.D.; Mata, M.;
Carranza-Velázquez, J. (CSIC, Real Jardín Botánico, Plaza Murillo 2, Madrid, ES
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid (ISSN 0211-1322), v. 62, no. 1, p.
23-45. 2005.
This paper presents a revision of 819 herbarium collections of Gasteromycetes
from Costa Rica. One hundred and three taxa were identified, two of them are
new records for America: Cyathus africanus and Morganella compacta; and 44 are
new to Costa Rica: Bovista aestivalis, B. cunningharnii, B. dermoxantha, B.
dominicensis, B. longispora, Calostoma lutescens, C. ravenelii, Calvatia
candida, C. excipuliforrnis, Chlamydopus meyenianus, Crucibulum laeve, Cyathus
earlei, C. berkeleyanus, C. helenae, C. julietae, C. limbatus, C. montagnei, C.
nova-zealandiae, C. pallidus, C. poeppigii, C. setosus, Geastrum badium, G.
fimbriatum, G. fimbriatum var. pseudohieronimii var. nov., G. javanicum, G.
lageniforme, G. minimum, G. rutescens, G. smardae, G. striatum, Langermannia
bicolor, L. gigantea, Lycogalopsis solmsii, Lycoperdon echinatum, L. eximium,
L. juruense, Phallogaster saccatus, Scleroderma bovista, S. cepa, S.
verrucosum, Vascellum endotephrum, V. floridanum,V. pratense and V. texense.
Five genera are new to Costa Rica: Chlamydopus, Langermannia, Lycogalopsis.
Phallogasrer and Vascellum. Comments related with their taxonomy, ecology and
distribution are also included. Based on the results, we conclude that the
Gasteromycetes flora of Costa Rica is one of the richest in America, if we take
into account the small area of the country. Richness may be due to more
intensive sampling than in other neotropical countries, as well as to a range
of altitudes from sea level to 3820 m.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10490. NBINA-2800.
Publicación no.: 212 El impacto social de los mercados de carbono en Costa
Rica: Estudio de campo de la Región Huetar Norte / Miranda-Quirós, M.; Porras,
I.T.; Moreno-Díaz, M.L. (Universidad Nacional. Centro Internacional en Política
Económica para el Desarrollo Sostenible, P.O. Box 555-3000, Heredia, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Heredia: Universidad Nacional / CINPE / IIED, 2004. 58 pp.
In this study the authors assess the impacts of the Payments for Environmental
Services scheme in relation to reforestation activities as a source of carbon
sinks. One of the aims is to test a methodology based on the five assets
approach of the Sustainable Livelihoods framework. The study finds that the PES
scheme has had important impacts on financial assets, not so much from the
payments themselves, but from the expected income from timber sales. The
payments have acted as a catalysing factor for reforestation activities,
covering some of the upfront costs. Nevertheless high transaction costs for
entering the scheme are noted as an obstacle. There have been important effects
on human assets mainly in the form of transfer of knowledge on reforestation
through technical assistance as well as learning through trial and error. The
PES programme has had important impacts on social organisation encouraging
alliances between NGOs and serving as a means to consolidate objectives,
capacity and financial resources of some organisations working with groups of
small landowners. Natural assets have benefited as the PES programme has
contributed to the recovery of forest landscapes in the area. A side benefit of
this has been promotion of the local tourist industry. The area of negative
impact is for physical assets as the PES has contributed to greater use of
existing infrastructure, roads, particularly and has not generated
improvements.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2734.
Publicación no.: 213 Weevils of the genera Archocopturus Heller and Zygopsella
Champion: sibling species and mimetic homoplasy (Coleoptera: Curculionidae:
Conoderinae) [Picudos de los géneros Archocopturus Heller y Zygopsella
Champion: especies gemelas y homoplasía mimética (Coleoptera: Curculionidae:
Conoderinae)] / Hespenheide, H.A. (University of California at Los Angeles.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, US
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington (ISSN 0013-8797), v.
107, no. 3, p. 671-685. 2005.
Study of recent collections and types shows that the genus Archocopturus Heller
is both more and less diverse than previously thought. Specimens included under
the name Archocopturus regalis (Boheman) are a complex of species that are
superficially very similar, probably because they participate in a single
mimicry complex whose models are flies of the genus Medetera (Dolichopodidae).
The true Archocopturus regalis is apparently limited to northern South America.
Four species are described from Central America: A. laselvaensis, n. sp., A.
medeterae, n. sp., A. championi, n. sp., and A. minutus, n. sp. and others are
known from South America. Archocopturus pulchellus Hustache is transferred to
the previously monotypic genus Zygopsella (n. comb.) and new records are given
for Zygopsella ruficauda Champion. Archocopturus basalis Hustache is
transferred to Macrocopturus (n. comb.). Mimicry of Medetera in Central America
involves at least 28 species in seven genera and most species are undescribed.
Mimicry selects either for convergent evolution and homoplasy among less
closely related species or selects against divergence of closely related,
sibling species. Such homoplasy may be a significant part of tropical
biodiversity.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10688. NBINA-2876.
Publicación no.: 214 Dry-matter yields and crude protein and rumen-degradable
protein concentrations of three Arachis pintoi ecotypes at different stages of
regrowth in the humid tropics [Rendimientos de materia seca, proteína cruda y
concentraciones de proteína degradable en el rumen de tres ecotipos de Arachis
pintoi a diferentes estados de rebrote en los trópicos húmedos] /
Villarreal-Castro, M.; Cochran, R.C.; Villalobos-Morales, J.L.;
Rojas-Bourillón, A.; Rodríguez, R.; Wickersham, T.A. (Instituto Tecnológico de
Costa Rica. Escuela de Agronomía, Sede Santa Clara de San Carlos, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mal:
[email protected]>).
In: Grass and Forage Science (ISSN 0142-5242), v. 60, no. 3, p. 237-243. 2005.
Well-established stands of three ecotypes of Arachis pintoi (CIAT 17434, 18744
and 18748) were harvested from replicated plots (three blocks, each containing
three plots for each ecotype) during the two dominant seasons (dry and wet) of
the low altitude, humid tropics of Costa Rica. Each plot was further divided
into six subplots so that, within each season, samples corresponding to 4, 6,
8, 10, 12 or 14 weeks of regrowth could be collected. For each harvest, dry
matter (DM) yield of the leaf, stem and whole plant, and the leaf:stern ratio,
were recorded. Samples of the whole plant were analysed for crude protein (CP),
rumen-degradable (RDP) and rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) concentrations. DM
yield of the leaf, stem and whole plant increased with advancing period of
regrowth but the effects of period of regrowth varied somewhat among ecotypes
and across seasons. Generally, DM yield was greater during the wet than during
the dry season. The greatest difference between ecotypes for stem and total DM
yields was evident during the dry season. In general, DM contents were low in
the whole plant, leaf and stem samples ( 220 g kg-1) and increased with
increasing period of regrowth. increases in leaf:stern ratio were most dramatic
during the dry season with greater periods of regrowth, although the ratio was
fairly constant during the wet season. Whole-plant CP concentration was
relatively high after short periods of regrowth (up to 279 g kg-1 DM) but
declined with longer periods of regrowth; the relative decline was much greater
during the dry season. The RDP concentration was relatively constant during the
wet season (mean 115 g kg-1 DNI), but declined with longer periods of regrowth
during the dry season (range 194111 g kg-1 DM). In general, the concentrations
of RDP, on a CP basis, were greater during the dry season and ranged from 590
to 700 g kg-1 CP. Season, ecotype and period of regrowth all exerted an effect
on RUP concentrations.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 215 Genetic diversity of Costa Rican populations of the rice
planthopper Tagosodes orizicolus (Homoptera: Delphacidae) [Diversidad genética
de las poblaciones costarricenses de la chicharrita del arroz Tagosodes
orizicolus (Homoptera: Delphacidae)] / Hernández-Alfaro, M.; Quesada, T.;
Muñoz, C.; Espinoza-Esquivel, A.M. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de
Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 52, no. 3, p. 787-793.
2004.
Tagosodes orizicolus (Homoptera: Delphacidae) is one of the main constraints of
the rice production in the Neotropics. This planthopper produces severe damages
as a phloem feeder, causes mechanical injury during oviposition and vectors the
rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV). The main objective of this study was to
determine the genetic diversity of T. orizicolus populations from three rice
growing regions of Costa Rica, using RAPDs. Individuals from Guanacaste,
Parrita, San Carlos and Cali-Colombia, as outgroup, were analyzed using the
random primers. Phenetic relationships revealed that the Costa Rican
populations were clearly separated from Cali-Colombia, sharing less than 25%
similarity. Costa Rican populations were divided into two main branches
separated at 30% similarity. The first branch included Guanacaste and San
Carlos and the second displayed Parrita. In relation to similarity indexes
within groups, the Guanacaste cluster showed the highest (over 50%) and
Cali-Colombia was the most diverse (28%). The correspondence analysis confirmed
the clusters of the phenogram and showed close interactions between the Parrita
and San Carlos populations. The genetic separation observed could be the result
of the geographic isolation among populations, butit could also be explained by
the infection with the rickettsia Wolbachia pipientis. This bacterium causes
cytoplasmic incompatibility in its host, which results in non-viable progeny
when infected males mate with non-infected females, or when insects hosting
different strains of Wolbachia mate. Then, a search for Wolbachia in previously
described populations of T. orizicolus was initiated. The presence of the
bacteria was analyzed by PCR with 16S rDNA-specific primers for Wolbachia. The
PCR analyses revealed infections of 86% in the population of San Carlos, 96% in
Guanacaste, 37% in Parrita and 100% in Cali-Colombia. Crosses between
individuals of T orizicolus from Parrita and Guanacaste were performed for
testing cytoplasmic incompatibility. When infected males were crossed with
non-infected females within the same population, a significant reduction in
progeny number was obtained as well as when crosses between infected
individuals belonging to different populations were performed. These
experiments showed cytoplasmic incompatibility not only caused by the presence
of Wolbachia within the population, but also by the presence of different
strains of the bacteria between populations.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R. NBINA-3126.
Publicación no.: 216 Validación de la metodología de visita a tocones para la
evaluación de aprovechamientos forestales realizados por CODEFORSA en la Región
Huetar Norte de Costa Rica / Hernández-Sánchez, L.G.
Cartago: Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, 1999. 70 pp.
Práctica de Especialidad, Bachiller en Ingeniería Forestal, Instituto
Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal, Cartago (Costa
Rica).
La metodología de visita a tocones es una respuesta a la necesidad nacional de
contar con un mecanismo que evalúe, posterior al aprovechamiento tanto el
cumplimiento del regente forestal con las obligaciones y deberes que el Estado
le otorga, como elimpacto de las labores de aprovechamiento sobre el vuelo,
suelo y agua en el bosque remanente. En el país, la metodología ya ha sido
empleada en cinco oportunidades, pero en ninguno de los casos específicamente
para la región Húetar Norte. En total se evaluaron seis Planes de Manejo
elaborados y ejecutados en su totalidad por CODEFORSA durante el período
maderero 98 - 99. Una de las principales deficiencias que presentaban estos
documentos era la no justificación del ciclo de corta, y el poco análisis de
los resultados del inventario preliminar. En cuanto a los mapas base, estos
estaban bien elaborados y además se confirmó a nivel de campo que estos
representaban los rasgos topográficos e hidrológicos del sitio, los caminos
primarios y secundarios, patios de acopio, árboles por extraer, árboles
portadores y árboles de reserva. En cuanto a la revisión de expedientes la
mayoría se encontraban completos, solamente en uno de los casos faltó un
informe de regencia. De la evaluación de campo cabe resaltar que se efectuó una
buena labor de corta dirigida, en donde se procuró el mínimo daño a los árboles
remanentes y se obtuvo como tamaño de claro promedio 174,4 m². El porcentaje de
tocones encontrados no autorizados para la corta fue de 7,2%, lo que evidencia
las limitaciones por parte del regente para ejercer un control total sobre las
labores de corta y extracción. Respecto a los caminos secundarios y primarios,
estos estaban en su mayoría bien ubicados, pero no se dio el cierre de los
mismo y en pocos casos se construyeron obras para evitar la erosión. Del
presente trabajo se concluye que la metodología de visita a tocones puede ser
empleada en la Región Huetar Norte, ya que permitió cuantificar el impacto del
aprovechamiento forestal de una manera rápida, representativa, sencilla y
eficiente.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: Tesis 460.
Publicación no.: 217 A taxonomic revision of the genus Heliconia in Middle
America [Revisión taxonómica del género Heliconia en Centroamérica] / Smith,
R.R. (Hartwick College. Department of Biology, Oneonta, NY, US).
Gainesville, FL: The University of Florida, 1968. 344 pp.
Dissertation, Ph.D., The University of Florida, College of Agriculture, Botany
Department, Gainesville, FL (USA).
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: Tesis 451.
Publicación no.: 218 The biogeography of lower Mesoamerican freshwater fishes
[Biogeografía de los peces de agua dulce de la parte baja mesoamericana] /
Smith, S.A.; Bermingham, E. (McGill University. Department of Biology, 1205
Doctor Penfield Ave, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, CA <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Journal of Biogeography (ISSN 0305-0270), v. 32, no. 10, p. 1835-1854.
2005.
Aim: This paper examines the importance of regional processes in determining
the patterns of distribution and diversity of lower Mesoamerican freshwater
fishes. Location: We focused our analyses on the lower Mesoamerican region,
which we define to include all the rivers of Panama and Costa Rica. The
geographic boundaries are the Colombian Choco to the south and Lake Nicaragua
to the north. Methods: We described the biogeographical provinces of lower
Mesoamerica (LMA) using presence/absence data of primary and secondary LMA
freshwater fishes. We conducted subsequent analyses at the spatial resolution
of the biogeographical provinces and described patterns of community
composition, species richness, endemism, range size, and the permeability of
dispersal barriers between biogeographical provinces. Results: This study
represents the first attempt since that of W. A. Bussing in 1976 to investigate
the biogeographical regions of Mesoamerica, and our analyses demonstrate
increased regional complexity inbiodiversity patterns relative to previous
studies. Changes in community composition across LMA clearly highlight the
importance of both extrinsic geological processes and intrinsic biological
differences among freshwater fish species in shaping the dispersal and
diversification histories of the LMA freshwater fish fauna. The influence of
biology and geology is also exemplified by patterns of endemism and turnover
between biogeographical provinces, which suggests that the relative importance
of regionalspeciation and dispersal varies spatially across the LMA landscape.
Finally, it would seem to follow that secondary freshwater fishes will have
larger range sizes than primary fishes as a result of the increased salinity
tolerance posited for the former group, and thus the increased probability of
dispersal along coastlines. We did not, however, find a significant difference
between the average range size of primary and secondary freshwater fishes,
indicating that the putative differences in physiological tolerance to seawater
between the two groups are not reflected in their distribution patterns at the
scale of LMA. The geometric distribution of range size of LMA freshwater fishes
suggests that dispersal of both primary and secondary freshwater fishes along
coastlines must be infrequent. Main conclusion: The observation that regional
processes exerted a strong influence on the assembly and maintenance of LMA
freshwater fish communities has important consequences for both theory and
conservation. We suggest that large-scale biogeographical analyses are required
to illuminate the backdrop upon which local interactions play themselves out,
supporting a top-down approach to the study of biological diversity. Our
results also identify areas of high conservation priority, providing a baseline
for informing conservation strategies for freshwater fishes in LMA. We conclude
by calling for conservation planning and action that acknowledges the
importance that regional processes play in determining patterns of organismal
diversity, and that incorporates these processes in strategies to conserve
remnant biological diversity.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2806.
Publicación no.: 219 Revision of the genus Linosta Möschler (Lepidoptera:
Pyralidae) with characterization of the subfamily Linostinae and a new
subfamily [Revisión del género Linosta Möschler (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) con
caracterización de la subfamilia Linostinae y una nueva subfamilia] / Monroe,
E. (Insect Systematics and Biological Control Unit. Entomology Division,
Ottawa, CA).
In: The Canadian Entomologist (ISSN 0008-347X), v. 91, no. 8, p. 485-488. 1959.
The genus Linosta is considered to belong to a separate subfamily, Linostinae
Amsel, emend., related to the Cybalomiinae, new subfamily. These subfamilies
are defined. Two species of Linosta are recognized: L. annulifera, n. sp., from
Peru and Bolivia, and L. sinceralis Möschler. The latter is divided into four
subspecies: the nominate subspecies from the Guianas, the Amazons and possibly
Venezuela; L. s. centralis, n. sp., from Central America; L. s. andina, n. sp.,
from Ecuador, Colombia and Peru;and L. s. plaumanni, n. sp., from Southern
Brazil.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-1211.
Publicación no.: 220 Review of the genus Coleoxestia Aurivillius of Mexico &
Central America, part I (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) [Revisión del género
Coleoxestia Aurivillius de México y Centroamérica, parte I (Coleoptera,
Cerambycidae)] / Eya, B.K.; Chemsak, J.A. (Department of Toxics Substance
Control. Human and Ecological Risk Division, 8800 Cal Center Drive, Sacramento,
CA 95826, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Les Cahiers Magellanes (ISSN 1624-1940), no. 44, p. 1-32. 2005.
The genus Coleoxestia in Mexico and Central America is reviewed and
descriptions and a key to species are provided. All species are illustrated in
color. New taxa include : C. curoei, Honduras, Costa Rica and Panama; C.
Kuratai, Mexico (Veracruz), Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras; C. rachelae
from Costa Rica and Panama; and C. nitidissima, C. pirrensis, C.
striatepunctata and C. thomasi from Panama.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2912.
Publicación no.: 221 Review of the genus Coleoxestia Aurivillius of Mexico &
Central America, part II (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) [Revisión del género
Coleoxestia Aurivillius de México y Centroamérica, parte II (Coleoptera,
Cerambycidae)] / Eya, B.K.; Chemsak, J.A. (Department of Toxics Substance
Control. Human and Ecological Risk Division, 8800 Cal Center Drive, Sacramento,
CA 95826, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Les Cahiers Magellanes (ISSN 1624-1940), no. 45, p. 1-30. 2005.
The genus Coleoxestia in Mexico and Central America is reviewed and
descriptions and a key to species are provided. All species are illustrated in
color. New taxa include : C. curoei, Honduras, Costa Rica and Panama; C.
Kuratai, Mexico (Veracruz), Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras; C. rachelae
from Costa Rica and Panama; and C. nitidissima, C. pirrensis, C.
striatepunctata and C. thomasi from Panama.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-2913.
Publicación no.: 222 Revisión del género Dichapetalum (Dichapetalaceae) en
Costa Rica / Kriebel-Haehner, R.; Rodríguez-González, A. (San Francisco State
University. Department of Biology, 1600 Holloway Ave., San Francisco, CA 94132,
US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Lankesteriana (ISSN 1409-3871), v. 5, no. 2, p. 121-136. 2005.
A revision of the Costa Rican species of Dichapetalum (Dichapetalaceae) is
presented here. Two new species, D. inopinatum and D. reliquum, are described
and illustrated. Discussions, phenological notes and examined specimens are
included for the 14 species present in Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: L. NBINA-2967.
Publicación no.: 223 A new species of Bourreria (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) from
Costa Rica [Una especie nueva de Bourreria (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) de Costa
Rica] / Gottschling, M.; Miller, J.S. (Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299,
St Louis, MO 63166, US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Novon (ISSN 1055-3177), v. 15, no. 3, p. 425-428. 2005.
We describe Bourreria grayumii (Ehretiaceae) as new from Costa Rica, near the
Nicaraguan border. It is illustrated, and a distribution map is provided. The
new species may be closely related to Bourreria huanita, as both share
schizocarpous fruits, anunusual and specialized character in Bourreria.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3209.
Publicación no.: 224 Ultrastructure of Oryza glumaepatula, a wild rice species
endemic of tropical America [Ultraestructura de Oryza glumaepatula, una especie
de arroz silvestre endémica de la América tropical] / Sánchez-Chacón, E.;
Espinoza-Esquivel, A.M. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Unidad de Microscopía
Electrónica, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 53, no. 1/2, p. 15-22.
2005.
Oryza glumaepatula is a perennial wild rice species, endemic to tropical
America, previously known as the Latin American race of Oryza rufipogon. In
Costa Rica, it is found in the northern region of the country, mainly in the
wetland of the Medio Queso River, Los Chiles, Alajuela. It is diploid, of AA
type genome and because of its genetic relatedness to cultivated rice it is
included in the O. saliva complex. We describe the ultrastructure of leaf
blade, spikelet, ligule and auricles. Special emphasis is given to those traits
of major taxonomic value for O. glumaepatula and to those characters that
distinguish this species from O. rufipogon and O. sativa. O. glumaepatula has a
leaf blade covered with tombstone-shaped, oblong and spheroid epicuticular wax
papillae. It has diamond-shaped stomata surrounded by spherical papillae, rows
of zipper-like silica cells, bulky prickle trichomes of ca. 40 µm in length and
small hirsute trichomes of ca. 32 full in length. The central vein is covered
with large, globular papillae of ca, 146 full in length, a characteristic that
distinguishes this species from O. rufipogon and O. sativa. The border of the
leaf blade exhibits a row of even-sized bulky prickle trichomes of ca. 42.5 µm
in length. Auricles have attenuated trichomes of ca. 5.5 mm in length on the
edges and small bicellular trichomes of 120 µm in length on the surface. The
ligule has a large number of short attenuated trichomes on its surface of 100
µm in length. These latter two traits have important taxonomic value since they
were found in O. glumaepatula but not found in O. sativa or in O. rufipogon.
The spikelet has the typical morphology of the Oryza genus. Fertile lemmas have
abundant spines, a trait shared with O. rufipogon but not with O. sativa. The
sterile lemmas are wing-shaped with serrated borders, a characteristic that
distinguishes this species from O. rufipogon and O. sativa. All the
ultrastructure characters observed in O. glumaepatula from Costa Rica are also
common to the specimens from Brazil.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R. NBINA-3141.
Publicación no.: 225 The weedy rice complex in Costa Rica. I. Morphological
study of relationships between commercial rice varieties, wild Oryza relatives
and weedy types [El complejo de hierbas de arroz en Costa Rica. I. Estudio
morfológico y relaciones entre variedades comerciales de arroz, parientes de
Oryza silvestres y tipos malezas] / Arrieta-Espinoza, G.; Sánchez-Chacón, E.;
Vargas, S.; Lobo-Segura, J.A.; Quesada-Vargas, T.; Espinoza-Esquivel, A.M.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y
Molecular, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: ).
In: Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution (ISSN 0925-9864), v. 52, no. 5, p.
575-587. 2005.
Weedy rice is a complex of Oryza morphotypes widely distributed in commercial
rice fields, which interfere with rice cultivation, seed production, industrial
processing and commercialization of this crop in several countries. The
objective of this study was to characterize the weedy rice complex of Costa
Rica by comparing it with the cultivated and wild rice species found in the
country. A collection of weedy rice accessions, representative of the
morphotypes found in the country, was established and characterized. Their
morphometric relationships were established by comparing 27 morphological
traits with commercial rice cultivars, landraces and wild Oryza species and by
performing a multivariate analysis. Twenty-one weedy rice morphotypes were
identified among 735 weedy accessions by using a three-digit code based on seed
characters. Three principal components (PCs) explained 66.25% of the variation
observed. The first PC accounted for 36.21% of the variation and separated CCDD
genome type Oryza latifolia and O. grandiglumis from AA genome species O.
sativa, O. glumaepatula, O. rufipogon and O. glaberrima. The second (18.9%) and
third (11.14%) PCs separated the weedy morphotype groups from the AA genome
species O.sativa, O. glaberrima and O. rufipogon. The weedy morphotypes were
scattered between the indica commercial rice varieties, the cluster
landraces-glaberrima and O. rufipogon. Additionally, a group of morphotypes
showed intermediate characteristics between O. sativa and O. rufipogon,
suggesting that hybridization could have taken place in the past between these
species. None of the morphotypes collected in Costa Rica clustered with the
allotetraploids CCDD species or O. glumaepatula.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3190.
Publicación no.: 226 Estudios en las Apocynaceae Neotropicales XXII: nuevos
realineamientos taxonómicos en el género Stemmadenia (Apocynaceae,
Rauvolfioideae, Tabernaemontaneae) [Studies in Neotropical Apocynaceae XXII:
new taxonomic realignments in the genus Stemmadenia (Apocynaceae,
Rauvolfioideae, Tabernaemontaneae)] / Morales-Quirós, J.F.; Méndez-G., M.
(Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), Apdo. 22-3100, Santo Domingo de
Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Candollea (ISSN 0373-2967), v. 60, no. 2, p. 345-371. 2005.
A synopsis of the genus Stemmadenia (Apocynaceae, Rauvolfioideae,
Tabernaemontaneae) is presented, including a key to the species, geographic
distribution, photographs and taxonomical notes for every taxon. Sixteen taxa
are recognized. A description and selected specimens examined are given for
those species previously included in the synonymy. In addition, two new
species, S. hannae M. Méndez & J. F. Morales and S. venusta J. F. Morales are
proposed. Stemmadenia macrophylla Greenm. and S. greenmanii Woodson are
relegated to the synonymy of S. litoralis (Kunth) L. Allorge. Stemmadenia
eubracteata Woodson and S. allenii Woodson are reinstated as accepted species
and their relationships with S. robinsonii Woodson are discussed. Both names
Bignonia obovata Hook. & Arn. and Stemmadenia obovata K. Schum. are
illegitimate. Therefore, S. pubescens Benth. is selected as the prioritary name
that applies to this taxon.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6037.
Publicación no.: 227 Villala Goemans and O'Brien, a new genus of Fulgoridae
(Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) with three new species from Mexico, Belize,
Guatemala, Honduras, and Costa Rica [Villala Goemans y O'Brien, un nuevo género
de Fulgoridae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) con tres nuevas especies de México,
Belice, Guatemala, Honduras y Costa Rica] / Goemans, G.; O'Brien, L.B.
(Institut Royal des Sciences Naturalles de Belgique. Département Entomologie,
Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels, Be <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment (ISSN 0165-0521), v. 40, no.
2, p. 149-153. 2005.
A new genus of Fulgoridae, Villala, with a long head projection, is described
with three new species: V. canoi Goemans from Guatemala, Costa Rica, Belize,
and Honduras; V. angelica O'Brien from Costa Rica, and V. platyrhina O'Brien
from Mexico. A keyto the species and comparative notes are included.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4250.
Publicación no.: 228 Essential oil of leaves and spikes of Piper peltatum L.
from Costa Rica [Aceite esencial de las hojas y de las espigas de Piper
peltatum L. de Costa Rica] / Cicció-Alberti, J.F.; Segnini-Boza, M.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales
(CIPRONA) y Escuela de Química, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Ingeniería y Ciencia Química (ISSN 0250-8303), v. 18, no. 2, p. 55-56.
1998.
The chemical composition of the essential oils from leaves and spikes of Piper
peltatum was analyzed by capillary GC/FID and GC/MS. Sixty five compounds were
identified. The major components were f3-caryophyllene (13,7-19,2%), germacrene
D (6,5-16,6%), bicyclogermacrene (4,6-7,2%) and phytol (4,1-6,7%).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: I.
Publicación no.: 229 Los primates mesoamericanos: conservación, asesoramiento y
manejo planificado
Informe Final, San José, Parque Zoológico Simón Bolívar CRJunio 23-25, 1997.
12 pp.
Durante la semana del 23 al 29 de Junio se reunieron en el Zoológico Nacional
Simón Bolívar especialistas en conservación, educadores ambientales,
primatólogos, directores, biólogos, médicos veterinarios y cuidadores de los
zoológicos con el fin de analizar la situación de los primates de la región
mesoamericana y dar recomendaciones para su conservación. Este análisis se hizo
para todos los taxones en cada país.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3081.
Publicación no.: 230 Efecto de la fertilización fraccionada sobre el
rendimiento de Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) en Guatuso, Alajuela [Effect of
fractioned fertilization on the Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) yield in Guatuso,
Alajuela] / Soto-Rodríguez, G.A.; Cover, P.; Quintanilla, E.; Pazos-Sanou, L.
(Apdo. Postal 1237-2050, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Costarricense (ISSN 0377-9424), v. 28, no. 2, p. 107-111. 2004.
The fertilizer application at a constant dose of 150 kg N, 120 kg P2O5 and 200
kg K2O ha-1, at different plant growth stages of Curcuma longa were evaluated
in Guatuso, Alajuela from July 2002 through February 2003. Density was 47619
plants ha-1. Treatments were 2 fractioning types, starting at day zero
(0-30-60-90 and 0-30-60-90-120 days) versus starting at 30 days (30-60-90 and
30-60-90-120 days). A Complete Randomized Block experimental design was used.
The application period produced significant differences on yield. Treatments
with 4 and 5 applications starting at planting (0-30-60-90 and 0-30-60-90-120
days) showed the highest yield plant-1 with 0.408 and 0.488 kg, respectively,
as well as the highest yield ha-1 with 19.3 and 23.2 t, respectively.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: A. NBINA-3262.
Publicación no.: 231 Caracterización y evaluación de productos no maderables en
bosques secundarios / Quesada-Monge, R.F. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica.
Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal y Centro de Investigación en Integración Bosque
Industria, Cartago, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail
[email protected]>).
Cartago: Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, n.d. 1 pp.
Objetivo General: Caracterizar silviculturalmente los bosques secundarios,
donde se desarrollan actividades del proyecto Desarrollo de Sistemas de Manejo
de Productos no Maderables del Bosque y evaluar las poblaciones de especies
vegetales que se han identificado como productoras de productos no maderables.
Objetivos específicos: Analizar la composición florística. Estudios de
estructura vertical y horizontal. Cuantificar los PNMB del bosque secundario.
Dinámica de poblaciones (abundancia, dominancia, distribución). Fortalecer red
de parcela permanente de muestreo.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3163.
Publicación no.: 232 Live fences, isolated trees, and windbreaks: tools for
conserving biodiversity in fragmented tropical landscapes [Cercas vivas,
árboles aislados y tapavientos: herramientas para conservar la biodiversidad en
paisajes tropicales fragmentados] / Harvey, C.A.; Tucker, N.I.J.; Estrada, A.
(CATIE. Area de Cuencas y Sistemas Agroforestales, 7170 Turrialba, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Agroforestry and biodiversity conservation in tropical landscapes. Schroth,
G.; da Fonseca, GA.B.; Harvey, C.A.; Gascon, C; Vasconcelos, H.L.; Izac, A.M.N.
(eds.)
Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2004. p. 269-289. ISBN: 1-55963-356-5.
This chapter discusses the potential role of three agroforestry elements 'live
fences, isolated trees and windbreaks' in helping retain plant and animal
species and maintain the continuity of species populations and ecological
processes in fragmented tropical landscapes. The abundance of these
agroforestry elements are first characterized in tropical regions and how
farmers manage them. Data are presented on the floristic and structural
diversity that they represent and the fauna associated with then, focusing on
the potential role of the agroforestry elements as habitats, food resources,
stepping stones and corridors. Finally, the knowledge gaps that must be filled
before the potential of these agroforestry elements for landscape'scale
conservation strategies can be fully appreciated are identified.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: 634.990.913 A281. NBINA-4904.
Publicación no.: 233 The milliped genus Tirodesmus Cook (Polydesmida:
Plathyrhacidae [El género de milpiés Tirodesmus Cook (Polydesmida:
Plathyrhacidae] / Shelley, R.M. (North Carolina State Museum of Natural
Sciences. Research Laboratory, 4301 Reedy Creek Road, Raleigh, N.C 27607, US).
In: Myriapodologica (ISSN 0163-5395), v. 6, no. 7, p. 69-75. 2000.
Tirodesmus Cook comprises one species, T. fimbriatus (Peters), Platyrhacus
biolleyi Carl and Nyssodesmus albomarginis Chamberlin are junior subjective
synonyms. It occurs from southern Nicaragua to west-central Panama. Generic and
specific accounts are presented to fully characterize the taxa for the first
time.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10616.
Publicación no.: 234 The Middle American species of Embates Chevrolat
(Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Baridinae) [Las especies centroamericanas de
Embates Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Baridinae)] / Prena, J.
(University Rostock, Mozartstr 24, D-18069 Rostock, DE <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 1100, p. 151 pp. 2005.
The neotropical weevil genus Embates Chevrolat is revised. New synonyms of
Embates are Drepanambates Jekel, Batames Casey, Macrambates Casey and
Cholinambates Casey. Information is provided about the morphology of the
immature stages, life history, sexual dimorphism and morphological variability.
A total of 69 species is recognized in Middle America, 38 of which are newly
described here: E. aequiperabilis, E. aliquantulus, E. bicoctura, E. burgeri,
E. callifer, E. chelys, E. clandestinus, E. consimilis, E. cordiger, E.
crinipes, E. discissus, E. discordabilis, E. euchasma, E. euscheme, E.
flavoplagiatus, E. galbinus, E. gilvopictus, E. gracilis, E. intermedius, E.
kunicus, E. maculifer, E. marchionis, E. mendax, E. oculifer, E. paludicola, E.
paucilimbatus, E. pauhans, E. peperomiae, E. politus, E. pseudobumbraticus, E.
pullus, E. rutilus, E. sagittifolicus, E. scambus, E. subulirostris, E.
terrabanicus, E. todillofasciatus and E. uniformis. Six new subspecies are
described: E. polymorphus altrimsecus, E. polymorphus dotensis, E. polymorphus
fortunensis, E. polymorphus tabulensis, E. polymorphus zeledonensis and E.
leucopleura discolor. New combinations are E. belti (Champion), E. leucopleura
(Champion) and E. flavolimbatus (Voss) [all from Drepanambates]. New synonyms
are E. belti [= E. triangularis (Champion)], E. fasciolatus (Chevrolat) [= E.
sexpunctatus (Champion)] and E. solani (Champion) [= E. divisus (Casey)].
Embates rugosus (Hustache) is distinguished from E. solani and resurrected as a
valid species. New records for Middle America are E. flavolimbatus (Voss), E.
justini (Chevrolat) and E. rugosus. Descriptions, line drawings of habitus and
male genitalia, geographic distributions, plant associations and keys for
identification are provided.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3354.
Publicación no.: 235 An identification guide to the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera:
Hedyloidea) [Guía de identificación para los Hedylidae (Lepidoptera:
Hedyloidea)] / Scoble, M.J. (The Natural History Museum. Department of
Entomology, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, GB <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Entomologica Scandinavica (ISSN 0013-8711), v. 21, no. 2, p. 121-158. 1990.
An identification guide is provided for the 35 species of Hedylidae. Wing
pattern and genitalia are illustrated fro each species. The work is introduced
by a summary of the general biology of the group. Foodplants are recorded for 4
species.
Localización: Biblioteca de Lepidoptera (INBio).
Publicación no.: 236 Biology and systematics of the neotropical leafminer genus
Eucosmophora (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) [Biología y sistemática del género
neotropical de minadores de hojas Eucosmophora (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)] /
Davis, D.R.; Wagner, D.L. (National Museum of Natural History. Smithsonian
Institution, Department of Entomology, Washington, D.C. 20560, US <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tropical Lepidoptera (ISSN 1048-8138), v. 13, no. 1/2, p. 1-40. 2002.
The Neotropical moth genus Eucosmophora Walsingham 1897 is revised. Sixteen
species are recognized: E. atlantis (Meyr.) n. comb., E. chrysocosma (Meyrick)
n. comb., E. dives Walsingham (the type of the genus), E. eclampsis (Durrant),
n. comb., E. eurychalca (Meyrick) n. comb., E. melanactis (Meyrick) n. comb.,
E. sideroxylonella Busck, E. trimetalla (Meyrick) n. comb., and the following
new species, E. aspila n. sp., E. echinulata n. sp., E. ingae n. sp., E.
manilkarae n. sp., E. paraguayensis n. sp., E. pithecellobiae n. sp., E.
pouteriae n. sp., and E. prolata n. sp. An additional species from Venezuela is
described and illustrated, but is not named because of its poor condition. The
genus is composed of two morphologically and biologically distinct groups: the
sideroxylonella group (aspila, atlantis, chrysocosma, eurychalca, manilkarae,
melanactis, paraguayensis, pouteriae, prolata, sideroxylonella, and possibly
eclampsis), which includes species whose larvae are known to mine the leaves of
Sapotaceae; and the dives group (dives, ingae, pithecellobiae, and possibly
echinulata and trimetalla), whose larvae are known or suspected to mine leaves
of Fabaceae. Eucosmophora ornata Walsingham is retained in Acrocercops as
placed by Meyrick (1912a). Eucosmophora cupreella Walsingham is transferred to
Neurostrota: N. cupreella (n. comb.). The genus occurs through the Neotropical
Region, from southern Florida and Texas and the West Indies south to Paraguay
in shrubland and forest habitats. As is typical for the Gracillariidae, the
larva is hypermetamorphic. The body of the first three sap-feeding instars is
apodal, flattened, and the mouthparts prognathous. The body of the two
tissue-feeding instars possesses thoracic legs, prolegs on abdominal segments
3-5 and 10, are cylindrical, and hypognathous. The last instar larva exits the
mine and forms an oval cocoon whose outer surface is ornamented with a vesture
of short, erect silken spikes.
Localización: Biblioteca de Lepidoptera (INBio).
Publicación no.: 237 Hábitat potencial para la danta centroamericana (Tapirus
bairdii) en el Corredor Biológico San Juan-La Selva, Costa Rica / Chassot, O.;
Monge-Arias, G.; Jiménez, V. (Centro Científico Tropical. Proyecto de
Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa Verde (Ara ambigua), Corredor Biológico
San Juan-La Selva, Apdo. 8-3870, 1000 San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
San José: Centro Científico Tropical, 2005. 17 pp.
Introducción: La Zona Norte de Costa Rica alberga el último hábitat de conexión
viable de tierra que permite mantener la continuidad del Corredor Biológico
Mesoamericano entre Nicaragua y Costa Rica. Sin embargo, el pequeño tamaño y el
incremento de la degradación y aislamiento del bosque dentro de esta región,
amenaza seriamente su conectividad ecológica y la viabilidad de una
biodiversidad regional única: un bosque biológicamente diverso, dominado por el
almendro (Dipteryx panamensis), el cual no se encuentra adecuadamente
representado en el sistema de áreas silvestres protegidas de Costa Rica. Esta
región, entre el Río San Juan y la vertiente norte de la Cordillera Volcánica
Central, también alberga varias especies en peligro de extinción, incluyendo la
danta centroamericana (Tapirus bairdii), la lapa verde (Ara ambigua), el jaguar
(Panthera onca), el pez gaspar (Atractosteus tropicus) y el manatí (Trichechus
manatus). Actualmente se desarrolla una iniciativa integral para implementar el
Corredor Biológico San Juan-La Selva y el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre
Mixto Maquenque, con el fin de conservar un mosaico de ecosistemas boscosos en
peligro y proteger un mayor enlace del Corredor Biológico Mesoamericano, a
nivel nacional, binacional y regional. El Corredor se ubica al norte de las
provincias de Heredia y Alajuela, abarcando parte de los cantones de Sarapiquí
y San Carlos. La totalidad de la superficie del Corredor Biológico San Juan-La
Selva pertenece a la Cuenca del Río San Juan. El Corredor Biológico San Juan-La
Selva tiene una extensión de 246.608 ha. Administrativamente abarca parte de
las Áreas de Conservación Cordillera Volcánica Central y Arenal Huetar Norte.
Por otra parte, el Área de Conservación Tortuguero es importante porlas áreas
silvestres protegidas que están conectadas con el Corredor, tales como el
Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Barra del Colorado y el Parque Nacional
Tortuguero.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3392.
Publicación no.: 238 Estudio preliminar de la biología reproductiva de Clematis
acapulsensis (Ranunculaceae) y Hippobroma longiflora (Campanulaceae)
[Preliminary study of the reproductive biology of Clematis acapulsensis
(Ranunculaceae) and Hippobroma longiflora (Campanulaceae)] / Moreira-González,
I.; Arnáez-Serrano, E. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de
Biología, Cartago, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Mesoamericana, v. 8, no. 2/3, p. 53-60. 2004.
Sexual reproductive structures of Clematis acapulsensis ('Barba de viejo')
Ranunculaceae and Hippobroma longiflora (Jazmín de estrella) Campanulaceae are
described, and relationships with the ecosystems in which they are found are
discussed. Morphological descriptions are presented, based on live material
(vegetative and reproductive structures). Additionally, photos taken by the
scanning electron microscope at the Unidad de Microscopía Electrónica of the
University of Costa Rica are presented and analyzed. The ethnobotany of each
species and its utility for bioprospecting are also discussed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3388.
Publicación no.: 239 Humedales de Centroamérica: Síntesis de veintisiete
estudios e iniciativas sobre educación, investigación, manejo y conservación de
humedales y zonas costeras / Pizarro-Bustos, J.F, (ed.).; Gómez-Fuentes, C,
(ed.).; Córdoba-Muñoz, R, (ed.). (Unión Mundial para la Naturaleza. Oficina
Regional para Mesoamérica (UICN/Mesoamérica), Area Temática de Humedales y
Zonas Costeras, Apdo. 146-2150, Moravia, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
San José: UICN / ORMA, 2001. 99 pp. ISBN: 9978-743-56-9.
El Área Temática de Humedales y Zonas Costeras, de la Oficina Regional de UICN
para Mesoamérica, mediante el apoyo financiero del Gobierno de Noruega ha
contribuido en el desarrollo de un sinnúmero de estudios sobre Humedales en
Centroamérica, que reflejan aspectos sobre el Ordenamiento Territorial,
Conservación, Manejo, Investigación y Educación Ambiental en Humedales y Zonas
Costeras. El Programa de Pequeños Incentivos para la Investigación y la
Conservación de Humedales en América Central brindó su apoyo financiero en el
período de 1997 - 1999. Esta ayuda se desarrolló con la entrega de pequeños
montos de dinero para ejecutar investigaciones con una duración no mayor de un
año, pero significativas en el área de la conservación y manejo de los
humedales y de los recursos que dichos ecosistemas encierran. En el año 1997 se
inicia el proceso de recepción de propuestas, trece de ellas fueron aprobadas
en el primer año. En 1998 fueron financiadas diez; y en 1999 siete de ellas.
Esto significa, que en el esfuerzo de tres años fueron financiadas 30
propuestas recibidas de Belice, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala,
Nicaragua y Panamá. Los criterios generales para la aprobación de los estudios
se basaron en la calidad de las propuestas, la experiencia del ejecutor (a) o
ejecutores (as) del proyecto, así como su vinculación en el proceso de Manejo y
Conservación de Humedales y Zonas Costeras de su país. Preferiblemente se debía
contar con un plan de seguimiento posterior al estudio o bien lainformación
generada finalizada la investigación debía ser aplicable, además se tomó en
cuenta la relación del estudio con los objetivos del Área de Conservación de
Humedales y Zonas Costeras de UICN/Mesoamérica. Este documento refleja el
trabajo de 27 propuestas aprobadas y ejecutadas, que fueron resumidas para
difundir la información generada en Centroamérica con relación a la
Problemática de Uso, Conservación y Manejo de los Humedales y el vínculo con
las comunidades como principales usuarios de los beneficios de los humedales.
En estas síntesis no se incluyen las referencias bibliográficas utilizadas por
los autores. Remitimos al lector interesado en consultar la información
completa de los estudios, al Centro de Documentación del Área Temática de
Humedales y Zonas Costeras de UICN/ORMA.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3361.
Publicación no.: 240 Morphological, anatomical, and taxonomic studies in
Anomochloa and Streptochaeta (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) [Estudios anatómicos,
morfológicos y taxonómicos en Anomochloa y Streptochaeta (Poaceae:
Bambusoideae)] / Judziewicz, E.J.; Soderstrom, T.R. (University of Wisconsin.
Department of Botany, Madison, WI 53706, US).
In: Smithsonian Contributions to Botany (ISSN 0081-0223), no. 68, p. 1-52.
1989.
Although resembling the core group of the bambusoid grasses in many features of
leaf anatomy, the Neotropical rainforest grass genera Anomochloa and
Streptochaeta share characters that are unusual in the subfamily: lack of
ligules, exceptionally longmicrohairs with an unusual morphology, a distinctive
leaf blade midrib structure, and 5-nerved coleoptiles. Both genera also possess
inflorescences that are difficult to interpret in conventional agrostological
terms. Anomochloa is monotypic, and A. marantoidea, described in 1851 by
Adolphe Brongniart from cultivated material of uncertain provenance, was
rediscovered in 1976 in the wet forests of coastal Bahia, Brazil. The
inflorescence terminates in a spikelet and bears along its rachis several
scorpioid cyme-like partial inflorescences. Each axis of a partial
inflorescence is subtended by a keeled bract and bears as its first appendages
two tiny, unvascularized bracteoles attached at slightly different levels. The
spikelets are composed of an axis that bears two bracts and terminates in a
flower. The lower, chlorophyllous, deciduous spikelet bract is separated from
the coriaceous, persistent, corniculate upper bract by a cylindrical, indurate
internode. The flower consists of a low membrane surmounted by a dense ring of
brown cilia (perigonate annulus) surrounding the andrecium of four stamens, and
an ovary bearing a single hispid stigma. Other peculiarities of A. marantoidea
include its hollow leaf sheaths and long, hollow, bipulvinate pseudopetioles
and chromosome number of n = 18. The caryopsis and embryo are large, but their
structure is typically bambusoid. Streptochaeta consists of three species and
one subspecies (S. spicata subsp. ecuatoriana, newly described here) and
conforms to the bambusoid core group in seedling morphology and leaf anatomy.
Streptochaeta and Anomochloa are quite divergent but may be more closely
related to each other than to any other grass. They share features that
indicate affinities with the Olyreae.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3400.
Publicación no.: 241 Swollen-thorn acacias of Central America [Acacias
cornizuelos de Centroamérica] / Janzen, D.H. (University of Pennsylvania.
Department of Biology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Smithsonian Contributions to Botany (ISSN 0081-0223), no. 13, p. 1-131.
1974.
This nomenclatural, taxonomic, and ecological treatment of 11 Central American
obligate ant-acacias (Acacia allenii, A. chiapensis, A. collinsii, A. cookii,
A. cornigera, A. gentlei, A. globulifera, A hindsii, A nzayana, A. melanoceras,
and A. sphaerocephala) and one quasi-obligate ant-acacia (Acacia ruddiae) is
based on extensive field study from 1963 to 1972 and on herbarium specimens
where of use. The population boundaries of all species are mapped and described
with respect to ecological parameters. Morphological variation, details of the
interaction with the ants, and acacia reproductive biology are presented for
most species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3398.
Publicación no.: 242 Nuevos taxa de helechos arborescentes (Filicales:
Cyatheaceae) en Costa Rica / Rojas-Alvarado, A.F. (Universidad de Costa Rica.
Jardín Botánico Lankester, Apdo. 1031-7050, Cartago, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Lankesteriana (ISSN 1409-3871), v. 5, no. 3, p. 191-200. 2005.
New species are described and new combinations are made in the fern genera
Cnemidaria and Cyathea from Costa Rica. Cnemidaria chiricana (Maxon) A. Rojas
is considered here a species different from C. mutica (H. Christ) R.M. Tryon,
and C. mutica var. contigua (Maxon) Stolze is included as a variety of the
former. Cyathea povedae A. Rojas is here described as a new species and
compared to C. fulva (M. Martens & Galeotti) Fée. The hybrid between Cyathea
stolzei A.R. Sm. ex Lellinger and C. ursina (Maxon) Lellinger mentioned by
Smith & Grayum (1988) is here described.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: L.
Publicación no.: 243 Una nota sobre Burmeistera quercifolia Gómez-Laur. & L.D.
Gómez / Gómez-Laurito, J. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología,
Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 63/64, p. 127. 2005.
Holotype designation for Burmeistera quercifolia Gómez-Laur. & L.D. Gómez.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 244 Those other Central American cichlids - Part one:
Herotilapia multispinossa [Otros cíclidos centroamericanos - Parte uno:
Herotilapia multispinossa] / Loiselle, P.V. (The Aquarium for Wildlife
Conservation, Surf Ave. and West 8th St., Brooklyn, NY 11224, US).
In: Freshwater and Marine Aquarium Magazine (ISSN 0160-4317), no. Oct, p.
14-19, 79-90. 1982.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3720.
Publicación no.: 245 Cíclidos depredadores gigantes, los verdaderos guapotes
[Giant predatory cichlids, the true guapotes] / Loiselle, P.V. (The Aquarium
for Wildlife Conservation, Surf Ave. and West 8th St., Brooklyn, NY 11224, US).
In: Freshwater and Marine Aquarium Magazine (ISSN 0160-4317), no. Aug., p.
39-47, 71-74. 1980.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4219.
Publicación no.: 246 Producción y valor nutricional del forraje de soya en
condiciones tropicales adversas [Production and nutritional value of soybean
forage under adverse tropical conditions] / Tobía-Rivero, C.M.;
Villalobos-Rodríguez, E. (Universidad Centrooccidetal "Lisandro Alvarado".
Decanato de Ciencias Veterinarias, Departamento de Nutrición Animal y
Forrajicultura, Barquisimeto, Edo. Lara, VE <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Costarricense (ISSN 0377-9424), v. 28, no. 1, p. 17-25. 2004.
A soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. Var CIGRAS-06') plot of 2.4 hectares, grown
under high rain fall and temperature conditions in La Virgen, Sarapiquí, on an
acid (pH 4,78) and low fertility soil, yielded an average of 4.8 t ha-1 of dry
matter, when plants were harvested for forage at the R6 (full seed) stage of
development. This productivity is low when compared to that obtained in
Guanacaste and San Carlos, where soil and climatic conditions were favorable
for soybean production. Chemical compositionof whole plants was 20.2% protein,
6.7% fat, 5.5% ash, 42.2% neutro-detergent fiber and 25.4% non-fiber
carbohydrates. The proportion of dry weight of leaves:pods+seeds:stem+petioles
was 24:39:37, respectively. An economical analysis of these results indicates
that costs of soybean silage before and after silage for one month were 0.02
and 0.03 US $ kg-1, respectively. The results of this research indicate that
even under the adverse conditions where this study was conducted, is feasible
to exploit the nutritional quality of soybean for dairy cattle feed at a
relatively low cost and without the inconvenience and the high investment in
machinary and equipment required to produce soybean seed in the wet tropics.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3064.
Publicación no.: 247 Progeny test analysis and population differentiation of
Mesoamerican mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) [Análisis de experimentos de
progenies familias) de una colección Mesoamericana de caoba (Swietenia
macrophylla)] / Navarro-Pereira, C.M.; Hernández-Sánchez, L.G. (CATIE. Manejo
de Bosques Tropicales y Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Turrialba, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Costarricense (ISSN 0377-9424), v. 28, no. 2, p. 37-51. 2004.
El desarrollo de progenies de árboles madre de polinización abierta de caoba,
Swietenia macrophylla, fue evaluado en 3 ensayos establecidos en la Zona Norte
de Costa Rica. Los de Upala y Lagartera (Los Chiles) incluyen familias
originarias de Costa Rica, mientras que el de Laberinto (Los Chiles) presenta
material de 6 países centroamericanos y México. Se recolectó información sobre
diámetro a la base, altura total, sobrevivencia, y ataque de Hypsipyla
grandella. Los análisis indican diferencias significativas a nivel de progenie
y procedencias para diámetro y altura, pero el ataque de H. grandella fue
uniforme en todos los sitios. Las heredabilidades a los 1,7 años para Upala
fueron de 0,54±0,02 y 0,55±0,02 para diámetro y altura respectivamente. Después
de esta medición el ensayo se quemó por completo, debido a sequías bajo el
efecto de El Niño, razón por la cual no pudieron efectuarse mediciones
posteriores. El ensayo en Lagartera, de 0,7 años, presentó heredabilidades para
diámetro y altura de 0,55±0,008 y 0,57±0,008. En Laberinto, las heredabilidades
obtenidas fueron de 0,48±0,01 para diámetro (2,9 años), 0,6 ± 0,01 para altura,
0,1±0,002 para el ataque de H. grandella; 0,07±0,002 para número de ejes, y
0,18±0,003 para la forma a los 2,7 añosde plantado. Las inundaciones en 1998
dañaron el ensayo de Lagartera, que además fue severamente atacado por H.
grandella. Esto se manifestó en heredabilidades muy bajas con errores estándar
altos, por lo tanto los valores genéticos en la primera medición se consideran
poco confiables. La plantación se recuperó y después de 3 años los valores
genéticos fueron comparables con los otros 2 ensayos. En general, los árboles
madre que estaban solitarios, produjeron progenies de crecimiento lento, en
comparación con las progenies de árboles madre que estaban en grupos o en
bosque natural, lo que sugiere mecanismos de endogamia.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3170.
Publicación no.: 248 Contribuição ao conhecimento dos Hemilophini (Coleoptera,
Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), principalmente da Costa Rica [Contribución al
conocimiento de los Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae),
principalmente de Costa Rica] / Martins de Souza, U.R.; Galileo, M.H.M.
(Universidade de São Paulo. Museu de Zoologia, C.P. 7172, 04299-970 São Paulo,
SP, BR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (ISSN 0085-5626), v. 48, no. 4, p.
467-472. 2004.
New records: Sphallonycha irundisa Galileo & Martins, 2001 for Ecuador;
Hilaroleopsis icuapira Martins & Galileo, 1992, for Costa Rica. New taxa
described from Costa Rica: Apebusu gen. nov., type species A. rubriventris sp.
nov.; Esamirim gen. nov., type species E. fasciatus sp. nov.; E. carinatus sp.
nov.; Kuatinga gen. nov. type species, K. bicolor sp. nov.: Hilaroleopsis
theurgus sp. nov.; Abanycha pectoralis sp. nov.; from Panama: Esamirim divisus
sp. nov. New combination: Esamirim chionides (Bates,1885) comb. nov. (formerly
in Adesmus). Keys to Hemilophini genera with reduced internal tarsal claws and
to the species of Esamirim are added.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3909.
Publicación no.: 249 Revisión del género Scaphidium Olivier, 1790 (Coleoptera:
Staphylinidae) de México y Centroamérica [Revision of the genus Scaphidium
Olivier, 1790 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from Mexico and Central America] /
Fierros-López, H.E. (Universidad de Guadalajara. Departamento de Botánica y
Zoología, Centro de Estudios en Zoología, CUCBA, Apdo. Postal 234, C. P. 45100,
Zapopan, Jalisco, MX <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Dugesiana (ISSN 1405-4094), v. 12, no. 2, p. 1-152. 2005.
The genus Scaphidium Olivier, 1790 is revised, based in the study of 1,425
specimens, from thirteen entomological collections. Thirty seven species are
new. A key for the 46 known species of the region is included. For each species
the following aspects are provided: diagnosis, description, variation, material
examined, type locality, distribution, habitat, host (if the information
exists), comments about similar species, figures in dorsal and lateral view of
the species, male genitalia and diagnostic structures, and map of the
geographic distribution. Costa Rica has the highest richness (22 spp.),
followed by Mexico (20 spp.) and Panama (13 spp.). Ten species of host
mushrooms are recorded, from nine families. Fifty two per cent of the species
areendemic from one country and 60% are exclusive from a biotic province.
Lowlands (0 to 1000 m.a.s.l.) have highest number of species (35), meanwhile
whereas in mountains (2000 to 2600 m.a.s.l.) had only five species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3308.
Publicación no.: 250 Taxonomic notes on some neotropical skippers (Lepidoptera:
Hesperiidae): Pyrrhopyginae and Pyrginae [Apuntes taxonómicos sobre algunos
hespériidos neotropicales (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae): Pyrrhopyginae y Pyrginae]
/ Austin, G.T.; Warren, A.D. (Nevada State Museum and Historical Society, 700
Twin Lakes Dr, Las Vegas, NV 89107, us).
In: Dugesiana (ISSN 1405-4094), v. 9, no. 2, p. 15-49. 2002.
The statuses of some Neotropical Pyrrhopyginae and Pyrginae (Lepidoptera :
Hesperiidae) are examined in relation to their taxonomy in Evans (1951-1953) .
In addition, some taxa for which there has been a status change since Evans
(1951-1953) without documentation are discussed and evaluated . One new taxon
is named and described : Anastrus viren albopannus Austin, ssp . n . Reinstated
statuses are proposed (rs) or formally confirmed (crs) for : Pyrrhopyge
pseudophidias Bell, 1931 (rs), Chioides albofasciatus (Hewitson, 1867) (rs),
Chrysoplectrum epicincea (Butler & H. Druce, 1872) (crs), Zestusa elwesi
(Godman & Salvin, 1893) (rs), Codatractus imalena (Butler, 1872) (rs), Cogia
outis (Skinner, 1894) (rs), Noctuana lactifera (Butler & Druce, 1872) (rs),
Cyclosemia subcaerulea Schaus, 1913 (rs), Cyclosemia elelea (Hewitson, 1878)
(rs), Bolla pullata (Mabille, 1878) (rs), Diaeus variegata (Plotz, 1884) (rs),
Pythonides proxenus (Godman & Salvin, 1895) (crs), Pythonides pteras (Godman &
Salvin, 1895)(rs), Paches gladiatus(Butler, 1870) (rs), Carrhenes meridensis
Godman & Salvin, 1895 (rs), Anastrus luctuosus(Godman & Salvin, 1894) (rs),
Anastrus neaeris (Möschler, 1879) (rs), Helias godmani (Mabille & Boullet,
1917) (rs), Theagenes aegides (Herrich-Schaffer, 1869) (crs), and Gesta invisus
(Butler & Druce, 1872) (crs) . New statuses are proposed (ns) or formally
confirmed (cns) for : Chioides vintra Evans, 1952 (ns), Chioides churchi Bell &
Comstock, 1948 (ns), Diaeus varna Evans, 1953 (ns), Diaeus ambata Evans, 1953
(ns), Anisochoria bacchus Evans, 1953 (ns), Timocharesrunia Evans, 1953 (ns),
Heliascama Evans, 1953 (ns), and Heliopetes libra Evans, 1944 (ns). New
combinations are proposed for: Noctuana lactifera bipuncta (Plotz, 1884),
Anastrus luctuosus (Godman & Salvin, 1894), and Anastrus neaeris narva Evans,
1953. Taxonomic statuses are confirmed for : Chalypyge chalybea chloris Evans,
1951, Hyalothyrus neleus pemphigargyra (Mabille, 1888), Chioides catillus
albius Evans, 1952, Chioides catillus jethira (Butler, 1870), Polythrix
mexicanus Freeman, 1969, Achalarus tehuacana (Draudt, 1922), Cogia cajeta
eluina Godman & Salvin, 1894, Staphylus cartagoa (Williams & Bell, 1940),
Pachesloxus gloriosus Röber, 1870, Paches loxus loxana Evans, 1953, Anisochoria
pedaliodina polysticta Mabille, 1877, Anisochoria pedaliodina extincta Hayward,
1933, Anastrus tolimus robigus (Plotz, 1884), and Anastrus neaerisnarva Evans,
1953 . New synonymies are proposed (nsy) or formally confirmed (cnsy) for:
Chioideszilpa namba Evans, 1952 of Chioideszilpa (Butler, 1872) (cnsy),
Achlyodes selva Evans, 1953 of Achlyodes pallida (R . Felder, 1869) (nsy), and
Timochares trifasciata f. obscurior Draudt, 1922 of Timochares ruptifasciata
(Plotz, 1884) (nsy). The synonymy of Eudamus alciphron Godman & Salvin, 1893
with Polythrix octomaculata (Sepp, [1844]) is confirmed. The statuses of the
taxa of Cogia hippalus (Edwards, 1882) and Pythonides jovianus (Stoll, 1782)
are not resolved. The genitalia for most of these taxa are illustrated; female
genitalia are additionally illustrated for Achalarus casica (Herrich-Schaffer,
1869), Achalarus tehuacana (Draudt, 1922), Eracon biternata (Mabille, 1889),
and for males and females of Paches exosa (Butler, 1877), Paches polla
(Mabille, 1888), and Paches trifasciatus Lindsey, 1925.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3310.
Publicación no.: 251 Distribución geográfica y caracterización de hábitat de
seis especies arbóreas en el Corredor Biológico San Juan La Selva, Costa Rica
[Geographic distribution and habitat characterization of six tree species in
the San Juan-La Selva Biological Corridor, Costa Rica] / Vidal-Riveros, C.
Turrialba: CATIE, 2004. 95 pp.
Thesis, Mag. Sc., Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza
(CATIE), Programa de Enseñanza para el Desarrollo y la Conservación, Turrialba
(Costa Rica).
There is little information about the distribution and ecology of scarce
species even when many of them are endangered or endemic in some zones. This is
due to the lack of data. This study presents a distribution analysis for six
scarce species: D. panamensis, L. ampla, S. costaricense, H. mesoamericanum, P.
guatemalensis and C. macrocarpa in the San Juan-La Selva Biological Corridor at
the local and landscape scales. The general objective was to identify
geographic distribution patterns with spatial and site variables to obtain
predictive models which describe the distribution of the six species. The
distribution was analyzed from both field and modeling perspectives. In the
field focus, two scales were considered: the landscape scale defined by the
study area and the local scale conformed of the sampling zones in the study
area. The variables measured were: slope, elevation, texture, Ph and soil
depth. For the modeling focus, macro-environmental variables were used such as
precipitation, temperature, elevation, slope, fragmentation, soil type,
distance to rivers and geographic location. In the field focus, only four of
the six species were found. The results at these levels showed significant
models for three species: D. panamensis, L. ampla and S. costaricense. H.
mesoamericanum had only a few individuals which is why the statistical analysis
did not show any significant variables for this species. All of the field
variables except for soil depth formed part of the models for different
species. The results obtained in the modeling focus showed significant
distribution models for the six species. From this focus, the variables which
best discriminated species distribution were: precipitation, temperature,
elevation and geographic location. The use of secondary sources with a
Geographic Information System (GIS) helped fill information gaps. This research
aims to contribute to the current distribution knowledge of these species at
different scales and to show that greater modeling efforts are necessary to
predict the potential distribution of these species in the study zone.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4010. Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton:
Thesis V649d.
Publicación no.: 252 Patterns of distribution of the Central American
ichthyofauna [Patrones de distribución de la ictiofauna centroamericana] /
Bussing-Burhaus, W.A. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología y Centro
de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Ciudad Universitaria, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Great American Biotic Interchange. G. Stehli and D. Webb (eds.)
New York: Plenum Publ. Co., 1985. p. 453-473.
Introduction: In a previous paper dealing with the biogeography of the
ichthyofauna of the San Juan Province of Central America, I analyzed the
vicariant patterns of distribution, in light of paleogeologic knowledge in
order to determine the origin of historical faunal elements and the barriers
responsible for these patterns. Some general conclusions reached at that time
were that: (1) an ancient South American element dispersed into Central America
during Late Cretaceous or Paleocene times: (2) Central America was later
isolated from South America during most of the Tertiary: (3) land masses south
of the Nicaraguan Depression remained emergent throughout the Tertiary; and
that (4) the two continents were reunited by the closure of the Bolivar seaway
in Pliocene time. The intent of the present study is to: (1) determine the
generalized patterns of distribution of the entire Central American fresh-water
ichthyofauna, (2) identify the assemblages of fishes which presently share
similar distributionsand (3) review briefly the causes of some of these basic
patterns and their disjunct component parts.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10715.
Publicación no.: 253 An ethnogeography of the Maleku indigenous peoples in
northern Costa Rica [Una etnogeografía de los indígenas Malekus en el norte de
Costa Rica] / Castillo-Vásquez, R.
Lawrence, KS: The University of Kansas, 2004. 285 pp. ISBN: 0-496-98964-2.
Dissertation, Ph.D., The University of Kansas (USA).
This dissertation in cultural geography documents and explains the
cultural-geographic changes undergone by the Maleku indigenous peoples over the
last 130 years. Fieldwork took place among the three communities of the Guatuso
Indian Reserve in northern Costa Rica over six months. The methodology included
archival research and ethnographic research and with the collaboration of local
investigators conducted a census, collected toponym information, and carried
out field mapping. This dissertation shows that around mid-19th century the
Maleku controlled a territory of approximately 100,000 ha in the Río Frío
watershed, with an estimated population ranging from 1,500 to 2,000 people, who
were distributed in seventeen dispersed riverine communities. Maleku's
livelihood depended primarily on tubers, plantain, peach palm, and cacao,
supplemented with hunting, fishing, and gathering activities. Over the last 130
years the Maleku historical lands were reduced to 600 ha, their population
plummeted to 386 people, the number of communities decreased to three, and
their subsistence ways of life were replaced by market oriented activities. In
addition, the Maleku experienced loss of cultural elements such as traditional
dress, houses, music, dances, food taboos, and customary social and political
organization. Several factors have contributed to these changes including the
actions of the Nicaraguan rubber gatherers, the expansion of the Nicaraguan and
Costa Rican settlement frontier, the housing, education, and development
programs of the Costa Rican government, and the indoctrination process by
different religious groups. Despite practically losing all their historical
lands and resources, the Maleku people still maintain their indigenous identity
based oncultural elements such as language, religion, oral tradition, crafts,
burial customs, and self-identification. Some of the reasons explaining the
survival of the Maleku include: the adaptation of the Maleku to the needs of
the dominant cash economy, the establishment of the Guatuso Indian Reserve in
1976, the assistance of state's institutions and non-government organizations,
the relative isolation enjoyed by the Maleku communities until the 1980s, the
implementation of bilingual education programs, the late arrival of different
religious groups, and the development of an indigenous self-identification
movement in the 1990s. This dissertation concludes that even if the Maleku were
able to remain in their communities and get reserve lands back, crucialcultural
elements such as language, religion, oral tradition, and burial customs that
defines their cultural identity today, will be probably gone in about 30 or 40
years because of religion indoctrination and miscegenation.
Localización: Biblioteca Carlos Monge A.: 972.860.1 C352e.
Publicación no.: 254 The importance of regional and historical processes in the
assembly and maintenance of lower Mesoamerican freshwater fish communities
[Importancia de los procesos regionales e históricos en el congregamiento y
mantenimiento de la comunidades de peces de agua dulce de la parte baja
mesoamericana] / Smith, S.A. (McGill University. Department of Biology, 1205
Doctor Penfield Ave, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, CA <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
Montreal: McGill University, 2004. 85 pp. ISBN: 0-612-98740-X.
Thesis, M.Sc., McGill University (Canada).
The relative importance of local, regional and historical processes to patterns
of distribution and diversity of lower Mesoamerican (Panama and Costa Rica,
LMA) freshwater fishes are examined at two different spatial scales.
Biogeographic patterns ofLMA freshwater fish communities at the spatial extent
of LMA indicate that biological differences among species as well as regional
and historical processes are quintessential to explaining the patters of
turnover of community composition and species richness across the LMA Isthmus.
The study of LMA freshwater fishes permits the inference that ecological
interactions among species are not independent of a region's history,
suggesting that regional and historical processes probably play an ongoing role
in the maintenance of LMA freshwater fish communities. In addition, the study
of the natural experiment of the Panama Canal provides a clear demonstration
that dispersal, rather than local deterministic processes such as competition
and predation, previously set the upper limit of the number of fish species
coexisting in local communities. Comparisons of species inventories established
prior to Canal construction with contemporary species lists demonstrates a
large net increase in species richness of local communities, suggesting that
the local communities of the Panama Canal watershed were not saturated.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 255 Distribution and ecological aspects of Rhodnius pallescens
in Costa Rica and Nicaragua and their epidemiological implications
[Distribución y aspectos ecológicos de Rhodnius pallescens en Costa Rica y
Nicaragua y sus implicaciones epidemiológicas] / Zeledón-Araya, R.; Marín, F.;
Calvo, N.; Lugo, E.; Valle, S. (Universidad Nacional. Escuela de Medicina
Veterinaria, Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Heredia, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (ISSN 0074-0276), v. 101, no. 1, p.
75-79. 2006.
In light of the Central American Initiative for the control of Chagas disease,
efforts were made on the part of Costa Rican and Nicaraguan teams, working
separately, to determine the present status of Rhodnius pallescens in areas
close to the common border of the two countries, where the insect has appeared
within the last few years. The opportunity was also used to establish whether
R. prolixus, a vector present in some areas of Nicaragua, has been,introduced
in recent years into Costa Rica with Nicaraguan immigrants. It became evident
that wild adults of R. pallescens are common visitors to houses in different
towns of a wide area characterized as a humid, warm lowland, on both sides of
the frontier. Up to the present, this bug has been able to colonize a small
proportion of human dwellings only on the Nicaraguan side. There was strong
evidence that the visitation of the adult bug to houses is related to the
attraction of this species to electric lights. There were no indications of the
presenceof R. prolixus either in Nicaragua or in Costa Rica in this area of the
Caribbean basin. Triatoma dimidiata, a widespread domestic species in both
countries, was totally absent in the explored areas of Costa Rica but
occasionally occurs on the Nicaraguanside. Serological surveys in children of
both areas showed that transmission of Chagas disease takes place in a rather
small degree in Costa Rica and more commonly in Nicaragua, indicating that R.
pallescens could be a potential threat as a vector in this particular region.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4111.
Publicación no.: 256 A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America
with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) [Revisión de
la subtribu Acidocerina de Centroamérica con especial referencia a Costa Rica
(Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)] / Short, A.E.Z. (Cornell University. Department of
Entomology, Ithaca, NY 14853, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Koleopterologische Rundschau (ISSN 0075-6547), v. 75, p. 191-226. 2005.
The Central American members of the subtribe Acidocerina (Coleoptera:
Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilini) are reviewed, with an emphasis on the Costa Rican
fauna. Six genera are recorded: Quadriops Hansen, Cymbiodyta Bedel, Enochrus
Thomson, Helochares Mulsant, Chasmogenus Sharp, and Helobata Bergroth.
Thirty-three species are recorded, including 11 described here as new:
Chasmogenus barrae sp.n. (Costa Rica), C. lorenzo sp.n. (Costa Rica), C. ruidus
sp.n. (Costa Rica), C. schoedli sp.n. (Costa Rica), E. (Methydrus) metacarina
sp.n. (Costa Rica, Mexico, Nicaragua), Enochrus (M.) rivalis sp.n. (Costa Rica,
Honduras, Nicaragua), E. (M.) shepardi sp.n. (Costa Rica), E. (M.) torito sp.n.
(Costa Rica), E. (M.) toro sp.n. (Costa Rica), E. (M.) costaricensis sp.n.
(Costa Rica), and Helochares (s.str.) carmona sp.n. (Costa Rica). Lectotypes
are designated for Helochares championi Sharp, 1882, Sindolus optatus Sharp,
1882 (= Helochares optatus) and Philydrus debilis Sharp, 1882 (= Enochrus
debilis). A key to the genera and species of Acidocerina of Central America is
provided and habitat preferences discussed. The male genitalia for all new and
some previously described species are illustrated.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4162. S10760.
Publicación no.: 257 Cooperación transfronteriza ambiental para la conservación
de humedales en cuencas compartidas: Un análisis desde la frontera Costa Rica Nicaragua / Jiménez-Hernández, A.
Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio: Universidad de Costa Rica, 2004. 234 pp.
Thesis, Mag. Sc. en Geografía, Universidad de Costa Rica, Sistema de Estudios
de Posgrado, San José (Costa Rica).
Esta investigación busca analizar la cooperación transfronteriza entre Costa
Rica y Nicaragua, para la conservación de los humedales que cruzan el límite
político entre ambos países. El análisis espacial demuestra que más de la
tercera parte del límite político entre Costa Rica y Nicaragua, se encuentra
cubierto por humedales de diversos tipos. La mayoría de estos ecosistemas se
encuentran protegidos como Refugios de Vida Silvestre, o alguna otra figura de
protección. Incluso los más importantes han sido declarados sitios Ramsar
(humedales de importancia internacional). La situación ambiental de los
humedales transfronterizos, es de un serio deterioro. La dinámica
socio-espacial de esta zona fronteriza, con sus altos índices de pobreza y de
debilidad institucional, empeora esta condición. Las raíces de esta
problemática las encontramos en la historia misma de la colonización de la zona
fronteriza, producto del accionar de fuerzas geopolíticas que transformaron el
paisaje, abriendo bosques y humedales a la ganadería, y más recientemente, a
una expansión sin precedentes de monocultivos. La población y las actividades
económicas, crecen en la zona fronteriza. Tanto el derecho internacional, como
la legislación Centroamericana y las normativas ambientales desarrolladas en
Costa Rica y en Nicaragua, contemplan la conservación de humedales
transfronterizos. Esta, se encuentra además, totalmente ligada a la
conservación de aguas que fluyen de un país a otro, y ganaría terreno en la
discusión política si se abordara como tal. Costa Rica y Nicaragua tienen gran
potencial para crear sitios Ramsar transfronterizos. La cooperación
transfronteriza entre Costa Rica y Nicaragua en conservación de humedales, fue
planteada hace más de 30 años. El Proyecto SI-A-PAZ, fue la iniciativa que,
pese a su frustración política en ambos países, señaló la importancia de
proteger conjuntamente ecosistemas que no reconocen fronteras políticas.
Proyectos tales como el Corredor Biológico Mesoamericano y el Proyecto Pro
Cuenca San Juan, han impulsado de manera débil, la cooperación transfronteriza
para la conservación de humedales compartidos. Algunas figuras institucionales
han sido creadas, más estos proyectos no logran definir los mecanismos para
articular de manera efectiva a los actores sociales de las complejas zonas
fronterizas. La cooperación transfronteriza informal, surge como una opción
para algunas iniciativas de conservación. Sin embargo, el respaldo de las
instituciones gubernamentales, o bien de una estructura regional que impulse
agendas de cooperación transfronteriza en el campo ambiental, definidas por los
actores sociales desde el territorio, facilitaría mucho esta compleja tarea.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4020.
Publicación no.: 258 Further notes on Central American birds, with descriptions
of new forms [Apuntes posteriores sobre aves centroamericanas, con
descripciones de nuevas formas] / Miller, W.D.; Griscom, L.
In: American Museum Novitates (ISSN 0003-0082), no. 184, p. 1-16. 1925.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3982.
Publicación no.: 259 Evaluación de la calidad de las plantaciones forestales en
la región Huetar Norte, propiedad de asociados a CODEFORSA [Assessment of the
quality of the forestry plantations in the Huetar Norte region, property of
members of CODEFORSA] / Quesada-González, E.
Cartago: Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, 2004.
Práctica de Especialidad, Bachiller en Ingeniería Forestal, ITCR / Escuela de
Ingeniería Forestal, Cartago (Costa Rica).
Twenty seven Gmelina arborea reforestation projects (average age 6.8 years),
six Tectona grandis projects (average age 7 yea rs), and three young
plantations of both species (average age 1.5 years), established in the San
Carlos, Los Chiles and Sarapiquí counties, were evaluated. These properties are
associated with CODEFORSA. The quality and productive potential of the forest
plantations of melina and teak, between the ages of 1 to 10 years, were
analysed and evaluated. Qualitative and quantitative variables were analysed
and evaluated. The economic valuation of projects with more than 4 years of age
was carried out. The average for melina trees without pruning was of 20%, with
bifurcation 17.5%, inclination 53.8%, mechanical damage 0.3%, buttresses 2%,
spiral grain 1.9% diseased category 3, 14.5%. The mean of the melina
plantations registered 623 quality 1 and 2 commercial logs per ha, and an
average of 144 quality 1 and 2 trees per ha. A commercial IMA average of 7.17%
m³/ha/year. For the teak projects, the average for trees without pruning was
30%, with bifurcation 25,1%, inclination 34.1%, mechanical damage 5.7%,
buttresses 26.4%, spiral grain 0% and diseased category 3, 7.6%. An average 900
quality 1 and 2 commercial logs per ha were registered for the teak projects
and an average 237 quality 1 and 2 trees per ha. These projects obtained a
commercial Mean Annual Increment (IMA1+2) average of 7.61 m³/ha/year. The
economic valuation showed that the economic value of the plantations increases
in keeping with increase in age.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 260 Two new species of Myodocha (Lygaeoidea: Rhyparochromidae:
Myodochini) with a key to species [Dos nuevas especies de Myodocha (Lygaeoidea:
Rhyparochromidae: Myodochini) con una clave para las especies] /
Cervantes-Peredo, L. (Instituto de Ecología, A.C., km 2.5 Antigua Carretera a
Coatepec #351, CP 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz, MX).
In: Annals of the Entomological Society of America (ISSN 0013-8746), v. 98, no.
4, p. 458-469. 2005.
Two new species of Myodocha, Myodocha parcicoma Cervantes and Myodocha
unispinopilosa Cervantes, are described from Mexico and South America. A key to
the 10 known species and new geographic records for the genus are provided.
Species in this genus can be separated into two groups by the presence or
absence of hairs on the neck region; other characters used to differentiate the
species are length of rostrum, presence of tibial spines on forelegs in males;
and shape and number of spines on forefemora. of males and females. The last
two characters (i.e., shape and number of spines on forefemora), although
variable, show diverse patterns.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4224.
Publicación no.: 261 Great green macaw: flagship species of Costa Rica [La lapa
verde: especie insignia de Costa Rica] / Chassot, O.; Monge-Arias, G. (Centro
Científico Tropical. Proyecto de Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa Verde
(Ara Ambigua), Corredor Biológico San Juan-La Selva, Apdo. 8-3870, 1000 San
José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: PsittaScene (Hayle) (ISSN 1363-3368), v. 53, p. 6-7. 2002.
(No abstract).
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 262 Geographic variation in the Fiery-throated Hummingbird,
Panterpe insignis [Variación geográfica en el colibrí garganta de fuego,
Panterpe insignis] / Stiles, F.G. (Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
Departamento de Biología, Ciudad Universitaria, AA-35884, Bogotá, CO <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Neotropical Ornithology. Buckley, P.A.; Foster, M.S.; Morton, E.S.;
Ridgely, R.S.; Buckley, F.G. (eds.)
Washington, D.C: American Ornithologists's Union, 1985. p. 23-30.
(Ornithological Monographs; no. 36).
ISBN: 0-943610-44-3.
Geographic variation in the measurements and coloration of Pan-terpe insignis
is described, with particular reference to a newly discovered population on
Volcán Miravalles in the Cordillera de Guanacaste of northwestern Costa Rica.
This population, which extends the distribution of the species ca. 50 km to the
northwest, has probably been isolated since the Pleistocene and is sufficiently
differ-entiated to warrant recognition as P. i. eisenmanni, new subspecies. The
ecology and annual cycle of the Volcán Miravalles population, and seasonal
movements in other populations, are briefly described.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: N.
Publicación no.: 263 Cabecar serratus, a new genus and species of leptohyphid
mayfly from Central America, and description of the imaginal stages of
Tricorythodes sordidus Allen (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae) [Cabecar serratus,
un nuevo género y especie de efemeróptero de Centroamérica y descripción de los
estadios del adulto de Tricorythodes sordidus Allen (Ephemeroptera:
Leptohyphidae)] / Baumgardner, D.E.; Avila-Araya, S. (Texas A&M University.
Department of Entomology, College Station, TX 77843, US <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 1187, p. 47-59. 2006.
Cabecar serratus, gen. n., sp. n., is described based upon larvae and reared
adults from the costal regions of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. The imago
stage of Tricorythodes sordidus Allen is also described for the first time from
reared larvae from Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4245.
Publicación no.: 264 Macrocydia divergens, a new genus and species of
Grapholitini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae) from Central America
[Macrocydia divergens, un nuevo género y especie de Grapholitini (Lepidoptera:
Tortricidae: Olethreutinae) de Centroamérica] / Brown, J.W.; Baixeras, J.
(National Museum of Natural History. USDA / ARS, PSI, Systematic Entomology
Laboratory, MRC-168, Washington, DC 20560-0168, US <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 1197, p. 45-54. 2006.
Macrocydia divergens Brown and Baixeras, new genus and new species, from Costa
Rica and Panama, is described and illustrated. The new genus can be
distinguished from other Grapholitini by its remarkably large size, distinctive
pale forewing pattern, and elongate, porrect labial palpi. Other interesting
morphological features of diagnostic value include female frenulum with two
bristles (three in most Tortricidae), female genitalia with a single large
signum (paired in most Grapholitini), and a well-defined chorda and M-stem in
the forewing venation. Owing to its highly divergent appearance and the
relatively unremarkable male and female genitalia of the single included
species, which are similar to many species of Cydia and Grapholita, it is not
possible to identify the closest relative of Macrocydia.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4235.
Publicación no.: 265 Notas taxonómicas y de distribución en Polypodium
plesiosorum y P. rhodopleuron (Polypodiaceae: Pteridophyta) [Taxonomic notes
and distribution in Polypodium plesiosorum and P. rhodopleuron (Polypodiaceae:
Pteridophyta)] / Tejero-Díez, J.D.; Pacheco, L. (Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Carrera de Biología;
Apartado Postal 314, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, MX <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Anales del Instituto de Biología. Serie Botánica, UNAM (ISSN 0374-5511), v.
75, no. 1, p. 11-37. 2004.
The characters separating Polypodium plesiosorum from P. rhodopleuron sister
species from Mexico and Central America, are discussed. The names of these
species and some of their synonyms are lectotypified. Two new varieties of the
former are described. Based on revision of herbarium specimens, the known
distribution of both species is updated.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4123.
Publicación no.: 266 Conservation education in Costa Rica: a case study of the
Great Green Macaw [Educación de la conservación en Costa Rica: un estudio de
caso de la lapa verde] / O'Leary, S. (York University. Faculty of Environmental
Studies, Toronto, ON MWJ 1P3, CA).
Toronto: York University, 2000.
Thesis, M.E.S., York University, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Toronto, ON
(Canada).
With very few breeding pairs remaining, the Great Green Macaw (Ara ambigua) is
rapidly disappearing from its natural habitat in the Northern Zone of Costa
Rica. The protection of an endangered species, such as the Great Green Macaw,
is always more effective if conservation efforts are carried out in concert
with an informed and supportive public. Often, community educational programs
help to win friends who will support the protection of an endangered species
and its natural environment. Therefore, this paper shows the development and
implementation of an environmental education program about the Great Green
Macaw in two communities in La Cureña district of the Northern Zone: Boca
Tapada and Santa Rita. A brief overview provides background information for the
study. An introductory section outlines the general objectives and methodology
of the paper. A socioeconomic "snapshot" of the study area, la Cureña, shows
that the people in the area suffer high unemployment and have little or no
formal education. A description of the Great Green Macaw's ecology helps the
reader understand the bird's precarious situation. Finally, an overview of
education and environmental education in Costa Rica is provided. After this
introductory overview, the paper delves into the various environmental
education programs that I developed and implemented during my stay in Costa
Rica. There were two types of programs developed: one for school children and
another for adults. The children's environmental education programs, based on
Costa Rica's science curriculum, were developed for students aged six to twelve
and focused on three main themes: the Great Green Macaw, native trees of Costa
Rica and general conservation of the Macaw's habitat. In order to convey a
readily understandable yet entertaining conservation message, a variety of
interactive games and activities were developed. The same conservation message
was presented to the adults using visual aids and demonstrations in place of
games. The last section of the paper presents an analysis of the answers given
by adult and children respondents to questions about the Great Green Macaw. The
results indicate that the communities of Boca Tapada and Santa Rita were very
knowledgeable about the Great Green Macaws and had a desire to protect these
birds; that there were no gender differences in the type of answers given; that
the answers of both children and adults were fairly similar and; that children
had learned a significant amount of information about the Great Green Macaw
from my environmental education programs. Based on the results of these
interviews and my experience with the development and implementation of these
educational programs, the paper concludes with recommendations for others who
are interested in implementing a Great Green Macaw Educational Program.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 267 Novos táxons de Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) da
Região Neotropical [New taxa of Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from the
Neotropical Region] / Galileo, M.H.M.; Martins, U.R. (Fundação Zoobotânica do
Rio Grande do Sul. Museu de Ciências Naturais, Caixa Postal 1188, 90001970
Porto Alegre, RS, BR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Iheringia - Série Zoologia (Porto Alegre) (ISSN 0073-4721), v. 95, no. 3,
p. 269-279. 2005.
New taxa described from Costa Rica: Erana cretaria sp. nov., Itumbiara denudata
sp. nov., Hilaroleopsis coloratus sp. nov., Alampyris flavicollis sp. nov.,
Cotycuara viridis sp. nov., Adesmus stellatus sp. nov., A. pilatus sp. nov.
(also from Panama); from Panama: Eulachnesia amoena sp. nov., Cotycuara crinita
sp. nov.; from Venezuela: Abanycha fasciata sp. nov.; from Ecuador: Mariliana
hovorei sp. nov., Adesmus ocellatus sp. nov.; from Peru: Susuanycha gen. nov.,
type species, S. susua sp. nov., Malacoscylus elegantulus sp. nov., Adesmus
guttatus sp. nov., A. calca sp. nov.; from Brazil (Minas Gerais): Sybaguasu
cornutum sp. nov. A key to the species of Cotycuara is added.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4289.
Publicación no.: 268 Reproductive response in supplemented heifers in the humid
tropics of Costa Rica [Respuesta reproductiva en vaquillas suplementadas en los
trópicos húmedos de Costa Rica] / Maquivar-Linfoot, M.G.; Galina-Hidalgo, C.S.;
Verduzco-Gómez, A.R.; Galindo-Badilla, J.R.; Molina-Sánchez, R.; Estrada-Konig,
S.; Mendoza-Martínez, G.D. (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,
Mexico City 04510, DF, MX <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Animal Reproduction Science (ISSN 0378-4320), v. 93, no. 1/2, p. 16-23.
2006.
To evaluate the effect of two supplementary diets to determine the consequence
on productive and reproductive performance in heifers (Bos indicus x Bos
taurus) averaging between 24 and 36 months of age and grazing tropical
pastures, two trials were conducted. Thirty animals (initial BW 325.1 ± 33.6
kg) were divided in two groups in the initial study: supplemented (SG) and
control (CG); SG received a concentrate (5.5% CP and 2.85 Mcal/kg of DE dry
matter basis) at 1% of body weight (BW). In the second study, 45 heifers
(initial BW 332.6 ± 29.3 kg) were assigned in two treatments, with the same
amount of supplement (1% BW) but with a greater nutrient content (13% CP and
3.15 Mcal/kg of DE). The proportion of animals with a corpus luteum at the end
ofeach study was greater in the supplemented groups (P 0.05). Ovarian
follicular dynamics was similar between groups in the first study, but in the
second study there were more heifers in the SG group with follicles larger than
9 mm in diameter (P 0.05). Pregnancy rate was similar for SG and CG (P 0.05).
The response to a regimen of estrous synchronization in both trials was
numerically superior in the SG group. No differences were observed in the
length of estrus. Daily gain and body condition score were similar for
supplemented and control groups (0.27 compared with -0.06 in the first study
and 0.90 kg compared with 0.60 in the second study, respectively). Dietary
supplementation improved the number of animals initiating estrous cycles and
the expression of estrus when compared with unsupplemented control heifers. The
dietary regimens imposed in these studies appear to be an adequate for the
management of growing heifers destined to a reproductive program.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4372.
Publicación no.: 269 Comercialización de la naturaleza para el desarrollo
sostenido: implicaciones para las comunidades de La Fortuna y Z-Trece en Costa
Rica / Isla, A. ([email protected] ).
In: Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Universidad de Costa Rica) (ISSN 0482-5276),
v. 95, p. 15-31. 2002.
One of the major social tension today is between the demands of price capital
and "national" goverments for economic growth and the demands of local
communities for security and livelihoods. Sustainable development is commonly
believed to resolve these tension by reconciling global economic interest,
ecological and local interests. The paper assesses the implementation of
sustainable development in Costa Rica rain forest, through Canada /Costa Rica
debt-for-nature investment. In this case, funds were donated to the World
Wildlife Fund-Canada (WWF-C) and the National Institute for Biodiversity
(INBio) of Costa Rica. The paper argues that the concept of sustainable
development as a new framework for international donor and NGO practices,
creates new poverty among local people.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5795.
Publicación no.: 270 Effect of supplementation with pelleted citrus pulp on
digestibility and intake in beef cattle fed a tropical grass-based diet
(Cynodon nlemfuensis) [Efecto de la suplementación con pulpa de cítricos
peletizada en la digestibilidad e ingestión en ganado de carne alimentado con
una dieta con base en pasto (Cynodon nlemfuensis)] / Villarreal-Castro, M.;
Cochran, R.C.; Rojas-Bourillon, A.; Murillo, O.; Muñoz, H.; Poore, M.
(Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Agronomía, Sede Santa Clara de
San Carlos, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Animal Feed Science and Technology (ISSN 0377-8401), v. 125, no. 1/2, p.
163-173. 2006.
Citrus pulp is an important by-product for sub-tropical and tropical ruminant
animal production. In this study, three steers (average body weight = 324 ± 16
kg) were randomly assigned to three levels of pelleted citrus pulp (PCP)
supplementation (0, 1.25, and 2.5 kg animal-¹ d-¹; as-fed) in a 3 x 3 Latin
square design to evaluate its effects on forage intake, digestion, and ruminal
pH. The basal diet was stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) harvested and chopped
every day and fed fresh. Supplementation with increasing amounts of PCP tended
(P
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4368.
Publicación no.: 271 Cordiluroides Albuquerque from Costa Rica: First records,
descriptions and taxonomic changes (Diptera, Muscidae, Coenosiinae)
[Cordiluroides Albuquerque de Costa Rica: Primeros registros, descripciones y
cambios taxonómicos (Diptera, Muscidae, Coenosiinae)] / Couri, M.S.; Carvalho,
C.J.B. de.; Pont, A.C. (Universidade Federal do Paraná. Departamento de
Zoologia, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, BR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (ISSN 0085-5626), v. 50, no. 3, p.
341-346. 2006.
Cordiluroides Albuquerque is a genus of Neotropical Coenosimae (Muscidae),
known from six species. The genus is here recorded for the first time from
Costa Rica, on the basis of three species: C. listrata Albuquerque, 1954, C.
insularis (Willliston, 1896) and C. bistriata (Wulp, 1896) sp. rev.. We provide
a key for the identification of these Costa Rican species, redescribe and
illustrate their external morphological characters and terminalia. C. bistriata
and C. vittifera (Stein, 1904) are both considered to be good species and are
re-instated from the synonymy of C. insularis. The type material of C. listrata
(Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro), of C. insularis and C. bistriata (The Natural
History Museum, London) and of C. vittifera (Museum for Naturkunde,
Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin) has been examined.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4921.
Publicación no.: 272 Roedores fósiles del Pleistoceno superior de la localidad
La Palmera de San Carlos, Provincia de Alajuela, Costa Rica / Laurito-Mora,
C.A. (Instituto Nacional de Aprendizaje. Núcleo de Turismo, Apdo. 1203-2200,
San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista Geológica de América Central (ISSN 0256-7024), v. 29, p. 43-52.
2003.
A rodent fossil fauna from La Palmera locality at San Carlos area is described.
Four new species Tylomys watsoni, Reithrodontomys mexicanus, Sigmodon hispidus
and Proechimys semispinosus are reported. A probably Upper Pleistocene age is
assigned to this assemblage, because of the paleoflora associated with the
rodents, which suggests a more temperate weather, probably a glacial age.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4337. S10768.
Publicación no.: 273 Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the
Neotropical Region. Part III. Subfamilies Parandrinae, Prioninae,
Anoplodermatinae, Aseminae, Spondylidinae, Lepturinae, Oxypeltinae, and addenda
to the Cerambycinae and Lamiinae [Catálogo de los Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) de
la región neotropical. Parte III. Subfamilias Parandrinae, Prioninae,
Anoplodermatinae, Aseminae, Spondylidinae, Lepturinae, Oxypeltinae y adición a
los Cerambycinae y Lamiinae] / Monné, M.A. (Museu Nacional/Universidad Federal
do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Entomologia, Quinta da Boa Vista, São
Cristóvão, 29840-040, Rio de Janeiro, BR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5326), no. 1212, p. 3-244. 2006.
A catalogue of the subfamilies Parandrinae (two tribes, four genera and 39
species), Prioninae (nine tribes, 83 genera, 309 species and 13 subspecies),
Anoplodermatinae (three tribes, 10 genera and 27 species), Aseminae (two
tribes, five genera, 18 species and two subspecies), Oxypeltinae (two genera
and three species), Spondylidinae (one genus and one species) and Lepturinae
(two tribes, 51 genera, 237 species and two subspecies) (Coleoptera:
Cerambycidae) of the Neotropical Region is presented. Under each family-group
name bibliographical references are given and under each species-group name,
data on the type-locality, the acronym of the institution where the type is
deposited, the geographical distribution and detailed bibliographical
references are provided. In Prioninae, Callipogonini: Anacanthus
Audinet-Serville, 1832, preoccupied by Anacanthus Gray, 1830 (Pisces) is
substituted by Chorenta Gistel, 1848. In Lepturinae, Lepturini: Euryptera
virgata Gounelle, 1911, new status; Necydalini: Platynocera Blanchard, 1851,
preoccupied by Platynocera Blanchard, 1847, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae is
substituted by Stenorhopalus Blanchard, 1851. Omissions to Monne (2005a, b) are
given in the addenda. The following taxa described before February 2005 were
absent and now are included: Cotyachryson inspergatus (Fairmaire & Germain,
1859), new comb. in Achrysonini, Urorcites Thomson, 1878 in Elaphidiini,
Areotis Bates, 1867 in Graciliini, Limernaea Thomson, 1878 in Hesperophanini,
Trichoplon Martins, 1967 in Ibidionini, Ischasia ecclinusae, I. mareki, I.
pouteriae, I. sabatieri, I. viridithorax, Ommata (Ommata) gallardi, Ommata
(Eclipta) bauhiniae, O. (E.) giuglarisi, O. (E.) guianensis, O. (E.) kawensis,
O. (E.) lauraceae, O. (E.) pilosipes, O. (E.) vasconezi, Ommata (Rhopalessa)
durantoni, Phygopoda ingae, in Rhinotragini, all Penaherrera-Leiva &
Tavakilian, 2004, Epipodocarpus Bosq, 1951 in Tillomorphini and in
Trachyderini, Trachyderina, Vianauragus, new name for Uragus Guerin-Meneville,
1844, not Uragus Keyserling & Blasius, 1840, Aves. The following new names are
given, in Achrysonini: Achryson jolyi, new name to replace Achryson concolor
Joly, 2000 preoccupied by Achryson concolor LeConte, 1873 (Geropa) and Cerdaia
new name to replace Pehuenia Cerda, 1980, preoccupied by Pehuenia Roth, 1902,
extinct Mammalia; in Elaphidiini: Anelaphus martinsi, new name to replace
Anelaphus fasciatus Martins, 2005, preoccupied by Anelaphus fasciatus (Fisher,
1932); in Rhopalophorini: Rhopaliella new name to replace Rhopalina Monn, 1990,
preoccupied by Rhopalina Tinkham, 1939, Orthoptera; in Trachyderini,
Trachyderina: Chemsakiella new name to replace Linsleyella Chemsak, 1984,
preoccupied by Linsleyella Rohr, 1980, Mollusca, Laneiella new name to replace
Pujolia Lane, 1973, preoccupied by Pujolia Levasseur, 1968, Coleoptera,
Neomegaderus new name to replace Megaderus Dejean, 1821, preoccupied by
Megaderus Rafinesque, 1815, Pisces; in Incertae Sedis: Tippmannia new name to
replace Dolichopterus Tippmann, 1953, preoccupied by Dolichopterus Hall, 1859,
Eurypterida. One new synonym is proposed: Championa chemsaki Martins & Napp,
1992 = Championa bifasciata Noguera & Chemsak, 1997.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4373.
Publicación no.: 274 New genera and species of elaphidionine Cerambycidae
(Coleoptera) from North America and the West Indies [Nuevos géneros y especies
de elaphidionine Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) de Norteamérica y las Indias
Occidentales] / Skiles, D.D.
In: The Coleopterists Bulletin (ISSN 0010 065X), v. 39, no. 4, p. 305-320.
1985.
Four species of Elaphidionoides Linsley, including the generic type species,
are transferred to Anelaphus Linsley, and Anelaphus is redefined to include
species with bispinose elytral apices. The new genera Parelaphidion, Orwellion,
and Linslevonides are proposed to accommodate the remaining species of
Elaphidionoides. The following new species are described: A. belkini and A.
davisi from west Texas. O. lineatum and O. fasciatum from Mexico and Central
America, and L. chetnsaki from Jamaica. The range of Orwellion (Hvpermallus)
gibbulum (Bates) is extended to Costa Rica, and two subspecies are recognized:
O. g. gibbulum and O. g. arizonense (Casey).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11244.
Publicación no.: 275 A new species and notes on Drymonia (Gesneriaceae) from
Costa Rica [Una especie nueva y apuntes sobre Drymonia (Gesneriaceae) de Costa
Rica] / Kriebel-Haehner, R. (San Francisco State University. Department of
Biology, 1600 Holloway Ave., San Francisco, CA 94132, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Novon (ISSN 1055-3177), v. 16, no. 1, p. 65-68. 2006.
A new species of Drymonia Martins, D. rubripilosa, is described, illustrated,
and compared to A. multiflora (Oersted ex Hanstein) Wiehler, its closest
presumed relative. The new species is distinguished by its sparsely to densely
red-pilose stem apices, petioles, pedicels, calyxes, corollas, and ovaries. Its
bivalved, fleshy capsule with fleshy indehiscent endocarp concealing the seeds
is unique for Costa Rican species, shared otherwise only with A. folsomii and
A. multiflora. Taxonomic comparison with A. multiflora and keys to separate the
latter from D. rubripilosa are discussed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10995. NBINA-5675.
Publicación no.: 276 Biologic and genetic characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii
isolates in free-range chickens from Costa Rica, Central America
[Características biológicas y genéticas de aislamientos de Toxoplasma gondii en
pollos en libertad de Costa Rica, Centroamérica] / Dubey, J.P.; Su, C.;
Oliveira, J.; Morales, J.A.; Bolaños, R.V.; Sundar, N.; Kwok, O.C.H.; Shen,
S.K. (USDA/ARS. Animals & Natural Resources Institute, Animals Parasites &
Diseases Laboratory, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Veterinary Parasitology (ISSN 0304-4017), v. 139, no. 1/3, p. 29-36. 2006.
The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good
indicator of the prevalence of T. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens
feed from the ground. The prevalence of T. gondii in 144 free-range chickens
(Gallus domesticus) fromCosta Rica was determined. Antibodies to T. gondii were
assayed by the modified agglutination test (MAT). and found in 60 (40.1%) of
144 chickens with titers of 1:5 in 16, 1:10 in 5, 1:20 in 2. 1:40 in 3. 1:80 in
5, and 1:160 or higher in 29. Tissues of all chickens were bioassayed for T.
gondii in mice or cats. Hearts and brains of 52 chickens with titers of 1:5 or
higher and 16 chickens with doubtful titers were pooled and bioassayed in mice.
Tissues from 76 chickens with MAT titers of 1: 10 or less were pooled and fed
to three T. gondii-free cats. Fecal floats of cats were bioassayed orally in
mice but were negative for T. gondii oocysts. T. gondii was isolated by
bioassay in mice from 32 chickens with MAT titers of 1:10 or higher. All
infected micefrom 4 of the 32 isolates died of toxoplasmosis. Genotyping of
these 32 isolates using polymorphisms at the loci SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and
GRA6 revealed five genotypes. Five isolates had type I alleles and one isolate
had type III alleles at all loci. The rest 26 isolates contained the
combination of type I and II or I and III alleles and were divided into three
genotypes. None was found to have genotype II alleles at all five loci. This is
the first report of genetic characterization of T. gondii isolates from Costa
Rica. Central America.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4397.
Publicación no.: 277 Revisión taxonómica del género Psyrassa Pascoe
(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) / Toledo, V.H. (CEAMISH. Universidad Autónoma del
Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos
62210, MX <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Acta Zoológica Mexicana (Nueva Serie) (ISSN 0065-1737), v. 21, no. 3, p.
1-64. 2005.
The taxonomy of the genus Psyrassa is revised and updated. Thirty two valid
species are recognized in the genus. Six species are new to science: Psyrassa
angelicae sp. nov. from Mexico, P. cerina sp. nov. from Guatemala and Honduras,
P. chamelae sp. nov. from Mexico, P. clavigera sp. nov. from Costa Rica and
Panama, P. graciliatra sp. nov. from Honduras, and P. proxima sp. nov. from
Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras. Psyrassa texana Schaeffer is synonymized under
P. castanea Bates, P. punctulata Bates is synonymized under P. cribricollis
Bates and P. wappesi Chemsak and Noguera is synonymized under Aneflomorpha
giesberti Chemsak and Linsley, all are new synonymies. It includes adult male
and female diagnoses and descriptions (except P. aliena, P. rufofemorata and P.
chamelae sp. nov. known only from males), detailed distribution records and an
illustrated key to separate all species, along with drawings and photographs.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4362.
Publicación no.: 278 New species and new records of species of Macrodactylus
Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactyini) from Honduras
and Nicaragua [Nuevas especies y nuevos registros de especies de Macrodactylus
Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactyini) de Honduras y
Nicaragua] / Arce-Pérez, R.; Morón, M.A. (Instituto de Ecología A.C.
Departamento de Entomología, Apartado Postal 63, 91000 Xalapa, Veracruz, MX
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 1012, p. 23-37. 2005.
The species of Macrodactylus from Honduras and Nicaragua are reviewed. Two new
species are described and illustrated: Macrodactylus tibialis sp. nov. from
Honduras (Olancho and El Paraíso) and Nicaragua (Jinotega, Madriz, and
Matagalpa) and M. hondurensis sp. nov. from Honduras (Cortés). Macrodactylus
dimidiatus Guérin-Méneville, M. costulatus Bates, and M. montanus Arce-Pérez
and Morón are recorded for the first time from Honduras (Lempira, El Paraíso,
Santa Bárbara, and Ocotepeque). Macrodactylus sericeicollis Bates is recorded
by the first time from Honduras (Morazán) and Nicaragua (Matagalpa). A key to
the nine known species of Macrodactylus from Honduras and Nicaragua is
included.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4413.
Publicación no.: 279 Doble infección en ovinos de Costa Rica, causada por
Dermatophilus congolensis y virus del ectima contagioso (ORF) / Podestá, M.;
Mendoza, L.; Jiménez, C. (Universidad Nacional. Escuela de Medicina
Veterinaria, Apartado 86, Heredia, CR).
In: Ciencias Veterinarias (Heredia) (ISSN 0250-5649), v. 6, no. 1, p. 17-23.
1984.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Joaquín García M.
Publicación no.: 280 Life history notes. Serpentes. Bothrops schlegelii
(eyelash viper). Coloration / Werman, S.D. (University of Miami. Department of
Biology, P.O. Box 249118, Coral Gables, FL 33124, US).
In: Herpetological Review (ISSN 0018-084X), v. 15, no. 1, p. 17-18. 1984.
(No abstract).
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 281 Studies on the taxonomy and distribution of American
centridine bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) [Estudios sobre la taxonomía y
distribución de las abejas centridine americanas (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae)]
/ Snelling, R.R. (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA
90007, US).
In: Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) (ISSN 0459-8113), no. 347, p. 1-69.
1984.
Este estudio se refiere principalmente a los Centridini de Norte América al sur
de los Estados Unidos e incluye una clave para los tres géneros de Centridini:
Centris, Ptilotopus y Epicharis. Dentro del género Centris se incluyen claves
para las especies de los subgéneros Paracentris, Centris, Xanthemisia,
Acritocentris, Melanocentris, Trachina, Hemisiella y Heterocentris; un
subgénero monotípico nuevo se describe, Ptilocentrus (especie-tipo: Centris
festiva F. Smith, 1854). Ptilotopus se eleva al rango genérico desde su estatus
previo de subgénero de Centris; P. zonalis Mocsáry de Panamá es la única
especie en Norte América. Se da una clave para todos los subgéneros de
Epicharis y para las especies de cada subgéneros conocidos en Norte América. Se
describen ocho nuevas especies para el género Centris y dos para el género
Epicharis. Estas al igual que los nuevos sinónimos se incluyen en el "Abstract
en inglés." Se citan datos de distribución de Norte América para todas las
especies. Se incluye una lista de los Centridini reconocidos de Norte América y
las sinonimias conocidas.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11224.
Publicación no.: 282 Rendimiento en aserrío y procesamiento primario de madera
proveniente de plantaciones forestales [Sawn yields and primary wood processing
of logs from forestry plantations] / Quirós-Herrera, R.; Chinchilla-Mora, O.;
Gómez, M. (Universidad Nacional. Instituto de Investigación y Servicios
Forestales ?INISEFOR?, Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Costarricense (ISSN 0377-9424), v. 29, no. 2, p. 7-15. 2005.
In order to determine the physical yield or the lumber recovery factor in
different phases of the sawn primary wood processing, the timber volume of
small-dimension logs and the lumber products volume were cubed. A total of 416
logs were used, from 3young forestry plantations in their first commercial
harvest. The study included 294 logs of melina (Gmelina arborea), 97 of acacia
(Acacia mangium), and 25 of terminalia (Terminalia ivorensis), with timber
volumes corresponding to 23, 11 and 7 m³, respectively. The acacia and
terminalia timber was obtained from an intermediate cut made in January 2003,
in a 6-year old forestry plantation in ?La Tite? farm, at La Luisa de Pocosol,
San Carlos. The melina logs were obtained from a refinement harvest, practiced
in a 8-year old forestry plantation, in Río Grande de Paquera, Puntarenas. The
physical yield was estimated as the quotient between the total lumber products
volume and its corresponding total timber log volume. Among the phases of the
wood industrial primary processing, the sawn, resawn, cut of end sections, and
planning were included in this study. The physical yields determined for
melina, acacia and terminalia were 39, 30 and 27%, respectively. The greatest
loss percentage in wood volume was registered in the stage of primary log
breakdown (sawn). It represents an average of 51% of the timber log volume.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4438.
Publicación no.: 283 A new family and genus of acalypterate flies from the
Neotropical region, with a phylogenetic analysis of Carnoidea family
relationships (Diptera, Schizophora) [Una nueva familia y género de moscas
acaliptratas de la región Neotropical, con un análisis filogenético de las
relaciones de las familias de Carnoidea (Diptera, Schizophora)] / Buck, M.
(University of Guelph. Department of Environmental Biology, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1,
CA <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Systematic Entomology (ISSN 0307-6970), v. 31, no. 3, p. 377-404. 2006.
The acalypterate family Inbiomyiidae fam. n. (Diptera, Carnoidea) is described
for the newly discovered Neotropical genus Inbiomyia gen.n. with its type
species I. mcalpineorum sp.n. from Costa Rica. The genus ranges from Guatemala
south to French Guiana and Bolivia and includes a total of fourteen undescribed
species, ten of which will be described formally in a separate paper. Inbiomyia
is distinctive, with characteristic, extremely shortened head with
nonfunctional ptilinum and reduced chaetotaxy shortened first flagellomere with
very elongate, dorsoapically inserted arista, proboscis with largely separate
labellar lobes that point in different directions, mid tibia lacking
apicoventral bristle, unusual fusion of male sternites 5-7, reduced
malesternite 8, elongate surstyluslike ventral epandrial lobes, cerci absent in
both sexes, extremely truncate female genitalia, and large, extremely flattened
eggs. The larva of Inbiomyia and its biology are unknown. Inbiomyia occurs
mostly in primary lowland rain forest and often is associated with the decaying
foliage of fallen trees. Inbiomyiidae belong in the superfamily Carnoidea. The
previously doubtful monophyly of the Carnoidea is accepted tentatively on the
basis of newly established synapomorphies of the male genitalia. Family level
relationships of the Carnoidea are analysed quantitatively for the first time
based on a matrix of fifty-eight morphological characters. The putative sister
group relationship of Inbiomyiidae to the monotypic Australasian family
Australimyzidae is supported by several synapomorphies, mostly from the male
and female postabdomen. Family status for the Australimyzidae is confirmed,
rejecting previous claims of a sister group relationship (or synonymy) with the
Carnidae. The analysis also leads to revised hypotheses of the relationships of
Cryptochetidae and Acartophthalmidae, and the paraphyly of 'Tethinidae' with
regard to Canacidae, suspected by previous authors, is confirmed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4688.
Publicación no.: 284 Genetic variability of Cedrela odorata Linnaeus: results
of early performance of provenances and families from Mesoamerica grown in
association with coffee [Variabilidad genética de Cedrela odorata Linnaeus:
resultados del comportamiento inicial de las proveniencias y familias de
Mesoamérica que crecen en asociación con el cafeto] / Navarro-Pereira, C.M.;
Montagnini, F.; Hernández, G. (CATIE. Manejo de Bosques Tropicales y
Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Turrialba, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Forest Ecology and Management (ISSN 0378-1127), v. 192, p. 217-227. 2004.
Cedrela odorata Linnaeus is a highly valued forest species, chiefly because of
its high quality wood. It has been severely extracted in natural forest and is
considered endangered in Mesoamerica. Plantations of the species are difficult
to establish because of the severe attack of the shootborer Hypsipyla grandella
(Zeller) Lep., Pyralidae. Due to the wide range of distribution of the species
and its high morphological variability, there are possibilities of obtaining
provenances/families of good growth, which are more resistant to the attack of
the shootborer. We studied the early performance of 115 families of 21
Mesoamerican provenances of the endangered species C. odorata when grown in
association with coffee. The results present a new way to conserve genetic
resources and their efficient use. All the variables studied, provenance,
family and coffee growing conditions, were highly significant for the
performance of C. odorata. The provenances that tended to produce fewer shoots
(re-sprouting of the terminal bud after attack) which is desirable to maintain
a good form of the tree were Gualaca, Pacífico Sur and Tulúm. The families that
presented the best performance in diameter were 6240 (PZ), 6207(PS), 6121(Tal),
78 (Almirante), and 745 (Gualaca). The growth of these families was in a range
of 35?37 mm per year in diameter. The best families had a very good growth in
height, of up to 4 m per year. The coffee conditions that provided the best
environment for the growth of C. odorata were adultcoffee bushes, with the
trees planted between the coffee rows. The attack of the shoot borer insect H.
grandella was also lower in the adult coffee conditions than in recently
planted or pruned coffee. The number of shoots that re-sprouted following the
attack of the shoot borer was significantly lower in the blocks where C.
odorata was planted within the coffee rows, because of the strong lateral
competition between the C. odorata trees and the coffee branches. Agroforestry
systems using C. odorata, asshade for coffee can be a good economical option
for conservation of endangered populations of this important species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4439.
Publicación no.: 285 Revision of the genus Culoptila (Trichoptera:
Glossosomatidae) [Revisión del género Culoptila (Trichoptera: Glossomatidae)] /
Blahnik, R.J.; Holzenthal, R.W. (University of Minnesota. Department of
Entomology, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, US <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5326), no. 1233, p. 1-52. 2006.
The caddisfly genus Culoptila is revised to include 17 previously described
species and 9 new species. Illustrations of the male genitalia and a key are
provided for all species. In addition, illustrations of male head and thoracic
features, larval characters and cases, and female genitalia are included. New
species described here include: Culoptila bidentata (Costa Rica), C. buenoi
(Mexico), C. cascada (Costa Rica), C. hamata (Costa Rica), C. pararusia
(Mexico), C. plummerensis (eastern United States), C. tapanti (Costa Rica), C.
unispina (Costa Rica, Panama), and C. vexillifera (Guatemala).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4559.
Publicación no.: 286 Four new Scotinomys from Costa Rica [Cuatro nuevos
Scotinomys de Costa Rica] / Goodwin, G.G.
In: American Museum Novitates (ISSN 0003-0082), no. 1279, p. 1-4. 1945.
In an effort to determine the geographical range of the little brown mice in
Costa Rica I find it necessary to recognize two new species and two new
subspecies. While large series of Scotinomys are now available from some
localities, much of the intermediate territory and many regions are not
represented, and the result of this study is not so conclusive as could be
desired.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4530.
Publicación no.: 287 Two new harvest mice from Costa Rica [Dos nuevos ratones
cosechadores de Costa Rica] / Goodwin, G.G.
In: American Museum Novitates (ISSN 0003-0082), no. 1231, p. 1-2. 1943.
In a review of the Costa Rican harvest mice in the American Museum collection,
I find two new species. One, a moderately large Reithrodontomys with a highly
inflated braincase, taken at 9400 feet on Volcán Irazú along with a series of
R. creper. The other, a small species from the San Carlos Valley, with an
unusually short rostrum and a short broad skull.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4528.
Publicación no.: 288 Four new rodents from Costa Rica [Cuatro nuevos roedores
de Costa Rica] / Goodwin, G.G.
In: American Museum Novitates (ISSN 0003-0082), no. 1227, p. 1-4. 1943.
In the preparation of a report on the mammals of Costa Rica I find it necessary
to recognize a new race of the spiny pocket mouse of the Heteromys
desmarestianus group from the central highlands, a new race of Macrogeomys
heterodes from the Reventazón River Valley region, a new race of Macrogeomys
cavator from the Caribbean watershed and a new race of the small white-crowned
Macrogeomys cherriei from north central Costa Rica on the San Carlos River
watershed. For the loan of comparative material I am indebted to the U. S.
National Museum, Field Museum of Natural History, the Museum of Comparative
Zoology, Cambridge, and the Museum of Zoology at the University of Michigan. I
am also indebted for the advice given me by Major E. A. Goldman who compared
the Heteromys with the Costa Rican types in Washington. Dr. W. H. Burt has
kindly given me his consent to publish on the type in the University of
Michigan collection.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4527.
Publicación no.: 289 Two new squirrels from Costa Rica [Dos nuevas ardillas de
Costa Rica] / Goodwin, G.G.
In: American Museum Novitates (ISSN 0003-0082), no. 1218, p. 1-2. 1943.
Collections recently secured by Mr. C. F. Underwood in the mountains of north
central Costa Rica include a new species of small tree squirrel, with an
unusual combination of characters, and an undescribed race of pygmy squirrel.
Previously only two Costa Rican pygmy squirrels have been recognized, with type
localities in the lowlands of the east and west coast regions. Specimens coming
from the central highlands, as might be expected, represent a new race.
Acknowledgment is due for the loan of comparative material to the U. S.
National Museum, Museum of Comparative Zoology, and Museum of Zoology of
University of Michigan.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4526.
Publicación no.: 290 A revision of the Neotropical genus Motonerus Hansen
(Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae) [Revisión del género Neotropical
Motonerus Hansen (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae)] / Fikácek, M.;
Short, A.E.Z. (Charles University. Department of Zoology, Vinicná 7, CZ-12844
Prague 2, CZ <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5326), no. 1268, p. 1-38. 2006.
The previously monotypic genus Motonerus Hansen, 1989 is revised and redefined.
Seven new species are described: Motonerus andersoni Fikacek & Short, sp. n.
(Costa Rica, Panama), M. apterus Fikacek & Short, sp. n., (Venezuela,
Colombia), M. depressus Fikacek & Short, sp. n. (Colombia), M. hanseni Fikacek
& Short, sp. n. (Costa Rica), M. nublado Fikacek & Short, sp. n. (Venezuela),
M. oosternoides Fikacek & Short, sp. n. (Panama), and M. problematicus Fikacek
& Short, sp. n. (Costa Rica). Two additional new species from Bolivia are left
undescribed pending the collection of males. New records are given for the
previously described species, M. obscurus Hansen, which had been composite with
respect to M. hanseni sp. n. Almost all collections of the genus are associated
with cloud and montane forest litter. A key to the species of the genus is
provided along with comments on the relationship of the genus with others in
the tribe Megasternini. The unusual flightless condition found in M. apterus
and M. oosternoides is discussed. The male genitalia and other key characters
are illustrated.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4601.
Publicación no.: 291 Revision of Rhodobaenus. Part 2. Species in North America
(Canada to Panama) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Rhynchophorinae) [Revisión de
Rhodobaenus. Parte 2. Especies en Norteamérica (Canadá a Panamá) (Coleoptera,
Curculionidae, Rhynchophorinae)] / Vaurie, P. (American Museum of Natural
History. Department of Entomology, New York, NY 10024-5192, US).
In: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (ISSN 0003-0090), v.
171, article 2, p. 117-198. 1981.
The 69 species of Rhodobaenus in North America are revised and lectotypes are
designated for many of Champion's species. Three species (aterrimus, mundus,
and octocostatus of Champion) are transferred from Sphenophorus to Rhodobaenus.
Eight new synonyms are recorded: unidentatus Champion of guttatus (Fahraeus);
dentifer Champion of incertus (Champion); maculipes Champion of cinctus
(Gyllenhal); niger Champion of pulchellus (Gyllenhal); triangularis Champion of
quinquepunctatus (Say); elegans, cornichiatus of Chevrolat, and graphicus
Champion, all of auctus Chevrolat. Five taxa listed in the catalogues as
varieties of tredecimpunctatus (Illiger) are considered valid species: auctus
Chevrolat, nigripennis Champion, lebasii (Gyllenhal), quinquepunctatus (Say),
and thoracicus (Gyllenhal). Seven new species are described: bellus and melas,
Costa Rica; buchanani, inopinatus, latens, mas, and quintus, Mexico. Additional
locality records for previously described species are given.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4550.
Publicación no.: 292 Evaluación de la resistencia mecánica de la madera de
melina (Gmelina arborea) unida con uniones de dedo (finger joint) /
González-Trejos, G. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería
Forestal y Centro de Investigaciones en Integración Bosque Industria (CIIBI) ,
Apdo. 159-7050, Cartago, ).
In: Tecnología en Marcha (ISSN 0379-3982), v. 18, no. 2 Especial, p. 53-59.
2006.
La industria de la madera en Costa Rica fabrica cada día con mayor frecuencia
elementos de madera con uniones de dedo ( finger-jointed). Estos elementos se
utilizan tanto para la elaboración de piezas no-estructurales, como para la
fabricación de elementos utilizados estructuralmente en la construcción, tales
como las vigas laminadas. Atendiendo la solicitud de la industria maderera, se
realizaron ensayos de laboratorio para conocer la calidad y la resistencia
mecánica de uniones de dedo en piezas de melina (Gmelina arborea). Se ensayaron
dos diferentes tipos de adhesivo; una emulsión de polivinilo catalizado de dos
componentes (PVA catalizado) y un adhesivo de poliuretano de un componente
(PU). La resistencia mecánica de las uniones se determinó, siguiendo el
estándar ASTM D-4688. Los resultados mostraron que en condición saturada y
hervida, el adhesivo PVA pierde entre un 70 % y un 60 % respecto a su
resistencia en condición seca, mientras que el adhesivo PU, pierde entre un 11
y un 24 % de la condición seca a la condición saturada y hervida
respectivamente. Con base en los resultados obtenidos, se determinó que el
adhesivo PU muestra resultados más prometedores que el PVA para su utilización
elementos unidos con uniones de dedo estructurales para la construcción.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4565.
Publicación no.: 293 Desarrollo de una red de monitoreo por sensores remotos de
la calidad de agua / Chaves-Campos, A.; Araya-Rodríguez, F.; Chaves-Jiménez,
A.; Yepez-García, V. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, CR <E-mail:
<E-mail: <E-mail: <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tecnología en Marcha (ISSN 0379-3982), v. 18, no. 2 Especial, p. 4-8. 2006.
A partir de la integración de tecnologías, se diseña una red de sensores cuyos
datos son transferidos de manera remota a una estación central a partir de un
sistema inalámbrico de transmisión, para el monitoreo de la calidad del agua.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4558.
Publicación no.: 294 Efectos de la actividad humana en la cuenca del río San
Carlos / Chaves-Campos.; Araya-Rodríguez, F. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa
Rica, Cartago, CR <E-mail: <E-mail: <E-mail: <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tecnología en Marcha (ISSN 0379-3982), v. 18, no. 2 Especial, p. 9-14.
2006.
Se analizó el efecto de las actividades agropecuarias en los recursos hídricos
de la cuenca del río San Carlos, ubicado en la región noreste de Costa Rica,
cuyo uso es fundamentalmente agropecuario. Los indicadores utilizados fueron:
pH, temperatura,fosfatos, nitratos, oxígeno disuelto, sólidos totales,
coliformes fecales y totales. Se determinó cuáles son los plaguicidas más
utilizados y su impacto en el recurso hídrico; se verificó el arrastre de
fertilizantes y partículas sólidas del suelo producto de la escorrentía
superficial como consecuencia de las altas precipitaciones en zonas de
explotación ganadera y cultivos, principalmente de caña de azúcar, piña,
cítricos. Se encontró que existe una alta relación entre el nivel de las
precipitaciones y la presencia de contaminantes en el cauce principal y cauces
secundarios de la cuenca.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4560.
Publicación no.: 295 Cinco especies nuevas de Mortoniodendron (Tiliaceae) para
Costa Rica [Five new species of Mortoniodendron (Tiliaceae) for Costa Rica] /
Rodríguez-González, A. (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), Apdo.
22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Novon (ISSN 1055-3177), v. 14, no. 4, p. 476-485. 2004.
Five new species of Mortoniodendron are described and their taxonomic
affinities are discussed. These species are endemic to Costa Rica, where they
occur between sea level and 1850 m. Three of these species, M. abelianum, M.
apetalum, and M. moralesii, are considered to be close relatives and compared
with M. pentagonum (Donnell Smith) Miranda from Guatemala, because all have big
fruits with thick, woody valves. Mortoniodendron cauliflorum and M.
longipedunculatum are compared with M. anisophyllum (Standley) Standley &
Steyermark because of their similar flowers and fruits.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S10993.
Publicación no.: 296 Revision of the New World species of Craspedochaeta
(Diptera: Clusiidae) [Revisión de las especies del Nuevo Mundo de
Craspedochaeta (Diptera: Clusiidae)] / Lonsdale, O.; Marshall, S.A. (University
of Guelph. Department of Environmental Biology, Insect Systemactics Laboratory,
Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, CA <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 1291, p. 1-101. 2006.
The New World species of Craspedochaeta Czerny, 1903 are revised and the first
New World representative of the C. biseta group (C. argoniae spec. nov.) is
described from Ecuador and Bolivia. Ten new species (C. amazonensis spec. nov.,
C. apsilutea spec. nov., C. candida spec. nov., C. chela spec. nov., C. feminea
spec. nov., C. melanosoma spec. nov., C. pacaraima spec. nov., C. pollostos
spec. nov., C. protomis spec. nov., C. weemsi spec. nov.) are described from
the C. transversa species group and eight new species (C. biloba spec. nov., C.
brunneivibrissa spec. nov., C. chauliodon spec. nov., C. loreto spec. nov., C.
phaios spec. nov., C. pullipleura spec. nov., C. xanthonotum spec. nov., C.
zongo spec. nov.) are described from the C. concinna species group.
Craspedochaeta basalis brasiliensis Sóos, 1961 syn. nov. and C. piceoflava
(Sóos, 1962) syn. nov. are synonymized with Craspedochaeta annulipes (Johnson,
1913) comb. nov.; C. minuta Sóos, 1962 syn. nov., C.atra (Kertesz, 1903) syn.
nov. and C. albohalteria Sóos, 1962 syn. nov., are synonymized with C. concinna
(Williston, 1896). Craspedochaeta sasakawai nomen nov. is provided as a
replacement name for C. pleuralis (Curran, 1936), which is a junior homonym of
C. pleuralis (Williston, 1896) comb. nov. Agonistic behaviour is recorded for
the first time in Craspedochaeta, with photographs showing male-male
interactions in the Bolivian species C. pullipleura. A key is provided for all
31 New World Craspedochaeta species and the relationships ofthe C. concinna and
C. transversa groups are discussed on the basis of male and female
morphological characters. Species of Craspedochaeta are recorded for the first
time in North America, with C. weemsi found in Florida, C. concinna found in
Florida andNew Mexico, and C annulipes found in Georgia, Maryland, Mississippi,
North Carolina, and Texas.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4697.
Publicación no.: 297 Estudio preliminar de la biología reproductiva Terminalia
oblonga (Surá) en la región Huetar Norte, Costa Rica / Arnáez-Serrano, E.;
Moreira-González, I. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología,
Cartago, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tecnología en Marcha (ISSN 0379-3982), v. 18, no. 2 Especial, p. 76-85.
2006.
Para el proceso de domesticación de especies, es necesario la determinación de
los ciclos reproductivos de las especies forestales, especialmente de aquellas
que se encuentran en peligro de extinción y que se desean utilizar en proyectos
de reforestación. El objetivo fue conocer algunos aspectos del comportamiento
fenológico y el desarrollo ontogénico de Terminalia oblonga (surá) en la Región
Huetar Norte. El trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo de enero de 1996 a diciembre
de 1998, en la Región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica, en 4 zonas bioclimáticas
diferentes de la Región. En cada sitio se seleccionaron 10 árboles, para un
total de 40 individuos observados. Los árboles seleccionados se visitaron cada
mes, con el fin de determinar épocas de floración (salida de brotes florales,
apertura de la flor), salida del fruto, maduración y la caída de este,
dispersión de frutos y semillas, brotadura vegetativa y hojas. Mensualmente, se
recopiló información climática, donde se tomó en cuenta: precipitación,
temperatura, humedad relativa y brillo solar. Estos datos se emplearon para
hacer las correlaciones con los resultados de las diferentes expresiones
fenológicas. Se hizo una descripción de las piezas reproductivas y vegetativas,
con base en material en fresco y con el apoyo de microscopía electrónica de
barrido. Además, se hicieron estudios químicos y estructurales del suelo en
cada uno de los sitios de estudio. Se observó que la brotadura de las hojas de
esta especie se mantiene durante todo el año, siendo mayor en julio y diciembre
en la mayoría de las zonas y en algunas ocasiones puede llegar a estar casi
ausente. El follaje se mantiene relativamente constante casi todo el año, con
muy poca defoliación. La brotadura floral generalmente se observa de octubre a
enero, e incluso febrero en algunas zonas. La floración se nota de noviembre a
febrero y la maduración de los frutos de diciembre a marzo y hasta en abril en
algunas zonas. En la zona inceptisol muy húmeda la precipitación influye de un
37 a un 45% en la brotadura y la fructificación. La temperatura registra de un
32 a 44% sobre follaje y fructificación. No se encontró una alta correlación
entre los diferentes eventos fenológicos y las variables climáticas. En la
presente investigación se pudo observar que se da una variación del
comportamiento fenológico entre y dentro de los diferentes sitios y especies,
en razón de lo cual es importante considerar que cada planta es una unidad
eco-morfofisiológica independiente y expuesta a todos los factores ambientales.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4599.
Publicación no.: 298 Revision of the untreated taxa of Melaloncha s.s.
bee-killing flies (Diptera: Phoridae) [Revisión de los taxones no tratados de
Melaloncha s.s. moscas asesinas de abejas (Diptera: Phoridae)] / Brown, B.V.
(The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard,
Los Angeles, CA 90007, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)), no. 1280, p. 1-68. 2006.
The previously untreated sections of the bee-parasitizing, Neotropical phorid
genus Melaloncha Brues are revised. A total of 167 species of these strictly
New World flies are now recognized, including the following 36 new species: M.
acicula, M. berezovskiyi, M. calathea, M. ciliata, M. cordyla, M. crinita, M.
declivata, M. dibitettii, M. erinacea, M. feleoae, M. flavilineata, M.
forficata, M. gomezi, M. gonzalezae, M. gradata, M. hirsuta, M. immaculata, M.
kittsonae, M. lacerna, M. laselvae, M. licina, M. muricata, M. nannocauda, M.
oligoseta, M. pilidorsata, M. prostata, M. rasmusseni, M. rodeoensis, M.
ruinensis, M. simoni, M. simotris, M. torquata, M. trichopera, M. umbra, M.
xanthocauda and M. zurquiensis. Because of insufficient differences among
examined specimens, Melaloncha cuspidata Borgmeier is synonymized with M.
palpalis Borgmeier (new synonymy). A lectotype is designated for the species M.
plaumanni Borgmeier. Hosts and behavior of some species is discussed, and a new
key to species and species groups of Melaloncha is presented.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4745.
Publicación no.: 299 Ecología de las especies ícticas más importantes en la
margen costarricense del Río San Juan / Ross-Salazar, E.A.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 2005. 70 pp.
Proyecto de Graduación, Licenciatura en Biología con énfasis en Recursos
Marinos y Dulceacuícolas, Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas,
Heredia (Costa Rica).
Estudia algunos aspectos de la biología de las especies de importancia
comercial en el Río San Juan. Mediante el uso de un GIP (Sistema de
Posicionamiento Global) se tomaron los puntos de interés, que luego se
definieron en cuatro estaciones de muestreo de la parte media del río, a la
desembocadura del mismo. La medición de los datos biológicos y morfométricos de
los peces capturados se realizó in-situ cuando el tiempo y las condiciones lo
permitieron. Durante el estudio se utilizaron artes de pesca tanto activas como
pasivas. Se utilizaron redes agalleras, atarraya, chinchorros. A los
especímenes capturados se les realizó un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo
del contenido estomacal. Además se realizó el estudio de gónadas, para
determinar el estado de madurez sexual de los peces.
Localización: Biblioteca Joaquín García M.: Tesis 5423.
Publicación no.: 300 Efecto del clima en la proporción de sexos del caimán
(Caiman crocodilus, Reptilia: Alligatoridae) / Escobedo-Galván, A.H. (Julio
Cervantes 61, Col. San Lorenzo, Oriente, C.P. 25060, Saltillo, Coahuila, MX
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 2005. 62 pp.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología con énfasis en Manejo de Recursos Naturales,
Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Heredia (Costa Rica).
Determina el efecto del clima sobre la proporción de sexos en caimanes, en el
Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Costa Rica y las implicaciones
de esta relación ante un eventual cambio de clima. Se realizaron un total de 22
muestreos nocturnos. Se explica la técnica que se usó para evitar contar 2
veces el mismo animal. Se estimó la edad de los caimanes con el modelo de Van
Bertalanffy y se dio seguimiento de la temperatura de incubación. Además señala
datos de un análisis climatológico de la región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica,
elaborado por Retana, 2005.
Localización: Biblioteca Joaquín García M.: Tesis 5448.
Publicación no.: 301 A revision of the New World species of the shore-fly genus
Nostima Coquillet (Diptera: Ephydridae) [Revisión de las especies del Nuevo
Mundo de moscas del género Nostima Coquillet (Diptera: Ephydridae)] / Edmiston,
J.F.; Mathis, W.N. (Franciscan Project for Russia and Kazakhstan, St.
Petersburg, RU <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology (ISSN 0081-0282), no. 623, p. 1-108.
2005.
Thirty-eight New World species are revised, including 21 new species that are
described (type locality in parentheses): Nostima atriscuta (Jamaica. Portland:
Crystal Springs (18° 12.5'N, 76°37.9'W)), N. cinnamea (Grand Bahamas Island.
Freeport), N. duaguttata (Costa Rica. Puntarenas: Rincón (5 km S; 8°42.1'N,
83°30.8'W; 95 m)), N. footei (Panama. Canal Zone: Balboa), N. franciscana
(Jamaica. St. Anns: Runaway Bay), N. lineata (Dominica: Layou (5 km E)), N.
lucida (Bolivia. La Paz: Apa (8 km S Chulumani; 16°22'S, 67°30.4'W; 1960 m)),
N. lutea (St. Vincent: Kingstown Botanical Garden), N, maculata (Argentina.
Tucuman: La Cavera), N. magnifica (Ecuador. Chimborazo: Naranjapata Chilicay),
N. melina (Panama. Canal Zone: Kobbe Beach), N. negruzca (Grenada. St. John:
Concord Falls (12°07. l'N, 61°43'W)), N. simuliflavida (Dominica. Cabrit
Swamp), N. spinosa (Bermuda. Pager Parish: Botanical Gardens), N. stellata
(Ecuador. Orellava: Río Tiputini (0°38.2'S, 76°8.9'W)), N. tresguttata
(Ecuador. Napo: Baeza (17 km S;1815 m)), N. velutina (Mexico. Chiapas: San
Cristobal de Las Casas (2160 m)), N. williamsi (Costa Rica. Alajuela: San
Mateo, Higuito), N. xenohypopia (Dominican Republic. Pedernales: Sierra de
Baoruco, Las Abejas (1300 m)), N, xenoptera (Costa Rica. Puntarenas: Rincón (3
km SW, 9°55'N, 84°13'W, 10 m)), N. ypsilona (Costa Rica. Puntarenas: Rincón (3
km SW, 9°55'N, 84°13'W, 10 m)). This study revealed the species-group Nostima
niveofasciata Cresson (1947) is synonymous with Nostima canens Cresson(1941).
The cladistic analysis was based upon 10 morphological characters. An analysis
using "implicit enumeration" (ie-) of Hennig86 resulted in a cladogram of
minimal length. This cladogram has a length of 16 steps, a consistency index of
1.0, and a retention index of 1.0. From the cladogram (Fig. 255) and supporting
synapomorphies, the following hypotheses can be made: (1) Nostima is
monophyletic; (2) Nostima and Garifuna form a monophyletic lineage (supported
by three synapomorphies); (3) Garifuna is the immediate sister group of
Nostima, and Philygria forms a Glade immediately basal to the common lineage of
Nostima and Garifuna, and (4) New World species of Nostima are provisionally
arrayed into five lineages. Some of these lineages apparently demonstrate a
speciation pattern in which peripheral or isolated species diverged from more
widely distributed species. Keys to the tribes and genera of Ilytheinae, as
well as to the New World species of Nostima, are provided. Distribution maps
are also produced for the New World species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S.
Publicación no.: 302 Análisis ecológico para la determinación del hábitat
actual y potencial del tapir (Tapirus bairdii) en el Parque Nacional Volcán
Tenorio y Zona Protectora Miravalles / Carbonell-Torres, F.; González-Zúñiga,
J.
Tilarán: Programa Conjunto INBio-SINAC, 2000. 81 pp.
El tapir o danta (Tapirus bairdii) es el mamífero más grande del trópico
mesoamericano y su conservación es prioritaria en la estrategia de
investigación del Área de Conservación Arenal. Este estudio nace ante la
necesidad del Área por ampliar el conocimiento sobre esta especie, de allí que
por medio de este proyecto pretendimos generar un modelo de calidad de hábitat
para la danta, así como conocer su abundancia y principales hábitos
alimentarios en el volcán Tenorio y volcán Miravalles, ambas zonas protegidas.
Nuestros resultados indicaron que los hábitats de las áreas protegidas y no
protegidas presentan calidades de hábitats de óptimos a importantes para la
danta y que la pendiente, los cuerpos de agua y el hábitat fueron las
principales variables que determinaron la presencia de la danta en el área; de
allí que las partes bajas sean las más propicias para la especie. Al parecer la
danta vive en grupos localizados y realiza giras a las partes bajas en busca de
agua y alimento, especialmente enépocas secas. Abunda más en los bosques
primarios (alto denso y alto intervenido) y en bosques secundarios o tacotales.
Su dieta está constituída por frutos, hojas y tallos de una gran variedad de
especies. Confirmamos la presencia de semillas del jícarodanto (Parmentiera
valerii) en sus heces y es probable que la danta sea la principal dispersora de
esta especie endémica de la región. Sin embargo, a pesar de que el hábitat no
presenta mayores restricciones para la sobrevivencia de la especie, la danta
presenta poblaciones reducidas estimadas en 0,08 dantas/km² para el volcán
Miravalles y de 0.27 dantas/km² para el volcán Tenorio. Entre las principales
causas de las bajas poblaciones están la cacería (en el pasado), la
fragmentación del hábitat y la restricción de sus movimientos por alambres en
potreros aledaños a las áreas protegidas. Por otro lado, existe conocimiento
popular sobre el comportamiento de la especie y sus usos por los pobladores del
área. Recomendamos: efectuar estudios de técnicas para el mejoramiento de la
calidad de hábitats y de las poblaciones de la danta; ampliar la validación del
modelo a toda el Área de Conservación y educar para involucar a las poblaciones
humanas en la conservación de la especie y así evitar su extinción local.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4700.
Publicación no.: 303 Geographic distributions of the San Juan ichtyofauna of
Central America with remarks on its origin and ecology [Distribuciones
geográficas de la ictiofauna del San Juan de Centroamérica con anotaciones
sobre su origen y ecología] / Bussing-Burhaus, W.A. (Universidad de Costa Rica.
Escuela de Biología y Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología,
Ciudad Universitaria, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Investigations of the ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan lakes. Thorson, T.B. (ed.)
Lincoln: University of Nebraska / School of Life Sciences, 1976. p. 157-175.
El análisis de la distribución actual de los peces dulceacuícolas
centroamericanos permite fijar los límites de Mesoamérica. La Provincia Ictica
de San Juan está delimitada al norte por la cuenca del Río Prinzapolka y su
límite Sur se localiza en Panamá occidental entre Península Valiente y el Río
Coclé del Norte. Ocho familias, 25 géneros y 54 especies de peces
dulceacuícolas, y por lo menos 84 especies de afinidad marina, habitan la
Provincia Ictica de San Juan. Algunos peces tales como cíclidos yunos carácidos
(Astyanax fasciatus y A. nasutus) están limitados a ciertas regiones del Lago
de Nicaragua debido a la diferencia en substrato u otros factores . Dos
especies de Rhamdza apparentemente ocupan hábitats a profundidades diferentes.
La distribución geográfica de líneas monofiléticas (tribus, géneros o complejos
de especies) de peces dulceacuícolas del San Juan, presenta dos patrones
básicos que corresponden a un elemento faunístico antiguo y otro mucho más
reciente, los cuales llegaron a América Central desde el Sur. Se considera en
este análisis que casi todos los peces de agua dulce, prescindiendo de su
tolerancia de salinidad, requirieron de un puente terrestre para llegar a
América Central. Evidencia geológica incompleta de un puente terrestre
intercontinental antiguo sugiere que probablemente llegó un Elemento Meridional
Antiguo a la región durante el Cretácico Superior o en el Paleoceno . La mayor
parte de los linajes que comprende este elemento se ha extendido a través de
Mesoaméricao más al norte, principalmente en la vertiente atlántica . Dos
entradas de mar durante el Terciario Superior, las cuencas Amatique y
Nicaragüense, dividieron este elemento en tres segmentos: los Complejos de
Mesoamérica Nuclear Occidental, Mesoamérica Nuclear Oriental y Talamanca . El
resultado del aislamiento y la diferenciación posterior de cada complejo ha
permitido a varios linajes no relacionados producir diferentes especies gemelas
en cada complejo. En el Terciario Medio y Superior, otra entrada de mar, la
cuenca Mosquitia, afectó la distribución de peces en el Complejo Mesoamericano
Nuclear Oriental . Al desaparecer estas barreras, las especies que
evolucionaron en cada complejo se dispersaron y permitió a veces la sustitución
de una de las especies gemelas por la otra o la simpatría de dos especies
gemelas. Este último fenómeno explica en parte la diversidad relativamente alta
en la cuenca hidrográfica del Río San Juan. Esta cuenca también ha servido de
refugio para otras especies que ahora nose encuentran en ninguna otra parte. La
distribución actual de peces apoya la teoría de que Centroamérica y Sudamérica
se encontraban separadas por el mar desde el Eoceno hasta el Plioceno. Según
evidencia geológica el Elemento Meridional Nuevo debe haber llegado a
Centroamérica no antes del Plioceno . Sólo pocas líneas de este elemento se
encuentran en la Provincia Ictica de San Juan . Estos linajes demuestran
bastante diferenciación en la región ístmica, pero pocas especies al norte de
Costa Rica. El Elemento Septentrional tiene un representante, Lepisosteus
tropicus, en la Provincia Ictica de San Juan. Una masa de tierra emergente al
sureste de la Depresión de Nicaragua, es una realidad apoyada por evidencias
geológicas recientes, por lo menos durante la mitad superior del Terciario. Al
formarse parte del Istmo Centroamericano durante el Plioceno Superior, una de
estas masas terrestres, produjo varias especies de peces gemelas que ahora
habitan en los lados opuestos de la división continental . Estos pares
transamericanos demuestran aproximadamente el mismo grado de diferenciación que
presentan los pares gemelos transamericanos de agua marina. La distribución
actual de los peces dulceacuícolas indica que los lagos de Nicaragua y Managua
eran un solo lago que antes tenía una salida hacia el Océano Pacífico. Con base
en evidencias indirectas y en el bajo grado de endemismo en los grandes lagos
nicaragüenses, se estima que su edad debe variar entre medio millón y un millón
de años.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4850.
Publicación no.: 304 Descriptions of Palliolatrix gen.n. and seven new species
from Middle America (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Baridinae) [Descripciones de
Palliolatrix género nuevo y siete nuevas especies de Centroamérica (Coleoptera:
Curculionidae: Baridinae)] / Prena, J. (University Rostock, Mozartstr 24,
D-18069 Rostock, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 [online edition]), no. 1319, p. 15-28. 2006.
Palliolatrix gen.n. is erected and distinguished from Peridinetus Schönherr and
Peridinetellus Champion. Ten Neotropical species are included, with the
following seven newly described: P. palliolatrix sp.n. (type species; Costa
Rica and Panama), P. attenuata sp.n. (Costa Rica and Panama), P. crassa sp.n.
(Colombia), P. infucata sp.n. (Costa Rica), P. pulchra sp.n., (Costa Rica and
Panama), P. tuberosa sp.n. (Guatemala, Nicaragua to Colombia) and P. virgata
sp.n. (Colombia). New combinations are P. lineola (Kirsch) (from Megops
Schönherr), P. insignis (Chevrolat) and P. quadrimaculata (Champion) (both from
Peridinetus).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4862.
Publicación no.: 305 Two new species of Philander (Didelphimorphia,
Didelphidae) from northern South America [Dos nuevas especies de Philander
(Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) del norte de Suramérica] / Lew, D.;
Pérez-Hernández, R.; Ventura, J. (Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales.
Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Apartado Postal 1830, Caracas 1010-A, VE
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Journal of Mammalogy (ISSN 0022-2372), v. 87, no. 2, p. 224-237. 2006.
The taxonomy of gray four-eyed opossums, genus Philander, from northern South
America is reviewed by means of comparative morphological and morphometric
analyses. Two hundred eighteen specimens belonging to the following geographic
samples were used:P. opossum opossum from French Guiana, Guyana, and Suriname;
P. o. fuscogriseus from Central America and Colombia; P. andersoni from
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela; P. opossum from the Orinoco River delta
(Venezuela); P. opossum from western Venezuela and eastern Colombia; and P.
opossum from central Venezuela. Results obtained allow us to describe 2 new
Philander species, one of which occurs in the floodplains of the Orinoco River
delta and Paria Gulf (Venezuela), and the other of which is distributed in
lowlands and uplands at the northern border of the Guiana Shield in Venezuela,
as far as the Orinoco River, and foothills of Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
and Cordillera of Me´rida (Venezuela). These new taxa were formerly considered
to represent forms of P. opossum. In particular, it was suggested that
specimens from the Orinoco delta constituted a subspecies of P. opossum, but
this taxonomic pattern was not supported with detailed comparative analyses.
Furthermore, the subspecific status of animals from western Venezuela and
eastern Colombia was controversial and specimens from central Venezuela were
considered as P. opossum but no empirical data supported this taxonomic
identity. With respect to the other Philander species here considered, the 1st
new species clearly differs in features concerning general skull shape and
morphology, by its smaller skull size, relatively shorter tail, presence of a
wide gray area in the underparts of the coat, and smaller and poorly defined
supraorbital spots. The 2nd new species can be distinguished from the other
Philander taxa by the general skull shape (relatively wide and short), specific
skull traits, pale gray dorsum, and the characteristic coloration of ears
(white with a wide black margin).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4816.
Publicación no.: 306 A first assessment of the Ticolichen biodiversity
inventory in Costa Rica: the genus Gyalideopsis and its segregates (Ostropales:
Gomphillaceae), with a world-wide key and name status checklist [Una primera
valoración del inventario de biodiversidad de los ticolíquenes en Costa Rica:
el género Gyalideopsis y sus segregados (Ostropales: Gomphillaceae), con una
clave mundial y listado del estado de los nombres] / Lücking, R.; Aptroot, A.;
Umaña-Tenorio, L.A.; Chaves-Chaves, J.L.; Sipman, H.J.M.; Nelson, M.P. (The
Field Museum. Department of Botany, Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605-2496,
US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: The Lichenologist (ISSN 0024-2829), v. 38, no. 2, p. 131-160. 2006.
Thirty-one taxa of Gyalideopsis and its recent segregates (Ferraroa,
Jamesiella, Lithogyalideopsis) are reported in a first assessment of the group
from Costa Rica. Six species are described as new, all originating from
perhumid montane rainforest: Gyalideopsis altamirensis Lücking & Umaña, with
broadly sessile, brown apothecia and single-spored asci with muriform
ascospores (hyphophores unknown); G. macarthurii Lücking, Umaña & Aptroot, with
dark greyish brown apothecia having their margin covered by triangular thalline
lobules and shortly bristle-shaped hyphophores producing moniliform diahyphae;
G. pseudoactinoplaca Lücking & Chaves, with sessile, globose diahyphal bunches
similar to those of Actinoplaca and resembling isidia (apothecia unknown) G.
wesselsii Lücking, Sipman & Chaves, with verrucose thallus, dark greyish brown,
applanate apothecia with single-spored asci producing muriform ascospores, and
minutely spathulate, dark brown hyphophores with moniliform diahyphae, and
Jamesiella chaverriae Chaves, Umaña & Lücking, with isidioid hyphophores
("thlasidia") which are flask-shaped and apically thinly ciliate (apothecia
unknown). A further species, Gyalideopsis sp., with distinctly stipitate,
umbelliform hyphophores, is not formally described due to the lack of apothecia
and hyphophores. A further nine species are reported as new to Costa Rica: G.
buckei, G. capitata, G. confluens, G. giganteoides, G. megalospora, G.
napoensis, G. nepalensis, G. palmata, and Lithogyalideopsis zeylandica. A
world-wide key to all presently known 94 taxa of Gyalideopsis and its recent
segregates is presented, as well as a checklist.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5246.
Publicación no.: 307 Distribución y fenología de Hippobroma longiflora
(Campanulaceae) y Clematis acapulsensis (Ranunculaceae) y su actividad
biológica sobre Leishmaniasis / Moreira-González, I.; Arnáez-Serrano, E.
(Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología, Cartago, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tecnología en Marcha (ISSN 0379-3982), v. 17, no. 4, p. 31-39. 2004.
En Costa Rica existen muchas especies que tienen un gran potencial ecológico y
medicinal y que son muy usadas por los agricultores e indígenas. Sin embargo,
son pocas las que han sido estudiadas por los científicos. El objetivo de la
presente investigación fue describir las estructuras reproductoras sexuales de
Hippobroma longiflora (Jazmín de estrella) Campanulaceae y Clematis
acapulsensis (Barba de viejo) Ranunculaceae y su relación con el ecosistema
donde se desarrollan. Se hicieron recorridos por diferentes sitios del país y
se logró colectar material para cada una de las especies estudiadas. Se hizo
una descripción morfológica con base en el material fresco de estructuras
vegetativas y reproductivas. Otra parte se procesó para ser observada
almicroscopio electrónico de barrido de la Unidad de Microscopía Electrónica de
la Universidad de Costa Rica. Se tomaron fotografías y luego se procedió a
revelarlas para la descripción del material. En Clematis acapulsensis las hojas
presentan estomas anomocíticos, los estigmas del gineceo tienen una superficie
glandular. Hay fértiles y no fértiles, con el pericarpo pubescente. Su
floración ocurre entre los meses de diciembre a marzo, generalmente. Se ha
reportado que el período de floración de Hippobroma longiflora abarca todo el
año y su distribución altitudinal va desde los 100 a los 1.200 m.s.n.m. Las
hojas presentan estomas anomocíticos. El ovario es ínferopubescente, el polen
es tricolpado. El fruto puede contener miles de semillas negras que pueden
medir menos de 1 mm.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-3224.
Publicación no.: 308 Description of the new species Calcarobiotus (C.) longinoi
sp. nov. (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae) from Costa Rica with the diagnostic key
to the genus Calcarobiotus [Descripción de la nueva especie Calcarobiotus (C.)
longinoi sp. nov. (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae) de Costa Rica con la clave
diagnóstica para el género Calcarobiotus] / Kaczmarek, L.; Michalczyk, L.;
Guidetti, R. (Adam Mickiewicz University. Department of Animal Taxonomy and
Ecology, ul. Szamarzewskiego 91a, Poznan, PL <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Italian Journal of Zoology (ISSN 1748-5851 [online edition]), v. 76, no. 3,
p. 247-253. 2006.
A new species of Tardigrada (Eutardigrada), Calcarobiotus longinoi sp. nov., is
described from moss samples collected in Alajuela Province (Costa Rica). The
presence of genus Calcarobiotus is new for Central America. This species
differs from other species of the genus Calcarobiotus by lacking of spurs on
the basal portion of the claws. On the base of this new finding, the diagnosis
of the subgenus Calcarobiotus is emended. A taxonomic key to the genus
Calcarobiotus is also presented.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4885.
Publicación no.: 309 Drymonia tomentulifera, sp. nova de Costa Rica, y notas
sobre la biología reproductiva del género Drymonia (Gesneriaceae: Episcieae) /
Kriebel-Haehner, R. (San Francisco State University. Department of Biology,
1600 Holloway Ave., San Francisco, CA 94132, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Lankesteriana (ISSN 1409-3871), v. 6, no. 2, p. 43-47. 2006.
A new species of the neotropical genus Drymonia, D. tomentulifera, is described
and illustrated, and compared to D. pilifera. Notes on the reproductive
biology, especially the widespread occurrence of protandry in the genus
Drymonia are included.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: L. NBINA-6252.
Publicación no.: 310 Biology and behavior of Kapala (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae)
attacking Ectatomma, Gnamptogenys, and Pachycondyla (Formicidae: Ectatomminae
and Ponerinae) in Chiapas, Mexico [Biología y comportamiento de Kapala
(Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) atacando Ectatomma, Gnamptogenys y Pachycondyla
(Formicidae: Ectatomminae y Ponerinae) en Chiapas, México] / Pérez-Lachaud, G.;
Heraty, J.M.; Carmichael, A.; Lachaud, J.P. (El Colegio de la Frontera Sur,
Apdo. Postal 36 c30700 Tapachula, Chiapas MX).
In: Annals of the Entomological Society of America (ISSN 0013-8746), v. 99, no.
3, p. 567-576. 2006.
Kapala (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) are among the most frequently collected
chalcidoid wasps from the Neotropics, but general information about their host
plants, behavior, and life history is scarce. A new species, Kapala izapa n.
sp., parasitizing Ectatomma ruidum Roger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), is
described from Chiapas, Mexico, with a general account of its biology. Field
observations on the behavior of adults of Kapala iridicolor (Cameron), which
also attack E. ruidum, Gnamptogenys regularis Mayr, Gnamptogenys sulcata (Fr.
Smith), Gnamptogenys striatula Mayr, and Pachycondyla stigma (F.) (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae), are included. Immature stages of Kapala izapa n. sp. follow the
general morphology and behavior described for other eucharitids known to attack
Ectatomminae and Ponerinae. More than one parasitoid can complete development
on a single host larva. K. iridicolor females were observed laying masses of
eggs on undeveloped flower buds of Melampodium divaricatum (L.C. Richard) D.C.
(Asteraceae). Extrafloral nectaries of this plant are visited by several
insects, including predatory foraging worker ants of E. ruidum. Dissection of
recently emerged females of K. iridicolor yielded about 4,500 fully developed
eggs.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4724.
Publicación no.: 311 Monograph of the neotropical species of Lomariopsis
(Lomariopsidaceae) [Monografía de las especies neotropicales de Lomariopsis
(Lomariopsidaceae)] / Moran, R.C. (The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY
10458-5126, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brittonia (ISSN 0007-196X), v. 52, no. 1, p. 55-111. 2000.
This work provides a key, illustrations, descriptions, and distribution maps
for the 15 species of neotropical Lomariopsis. In the Neotropics, the genus
occurs in southern Florida, the Antilles, and Mexico to Bolivia and southern
Brazil. Two groups of species can be recognized on the basis of heteroblastic
leaf series: one (the "sorbifolia group") whose leaves become pinnate when 1-2
cm long, and another (the "japurensis group") whose leaves become pinnate when
15-40 cm long. Three species in the Antilles are unusual because the rachis
apex aborts and the distalmost lateral pinna assumes the terminal position.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4902.
Publicación no.: 312 New species and new records of Neotrachys Obenberger,
1923, from Central America and the Antilles (Coleoptera : Buprestidae) [Nuevas
especies y nuevos regisros de Neotrachys Obenberger, 1923 de Centroamérica y
las Antillas (Coleoptera : Buprestidae)] / Hespenheide, H.A. (University of
California at Los Angeles. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Los
Angeles, CA 90095-1606, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Pan-Pacific Entomologist (ISSN 0031-0603), v. 82, no. 2, p. 223-241.
2006.
Recent collections of the genus Neotrachys have necessitated a review of the
species in the genus. The following new species are described: Neotrachys
mariae sp. nov., Neotrachys chiriquiensis sp. nov., Neotrachys cuprascens sp.
nov., Neotrachys refulgens sp. nov., Neotrachys nelsoni sp. nov., Neotrachys
andrewsi sp. nov., Neotrachys solisi, sp. nov. and Neotrachys bellamyi, sp.
nov. Neotrachys estebana (Kerremans, 1896) is not considered to occur in
Central America or Panama. Neotrachys panamaensis (Fisher, 1924) is determined
to be the valid name for Trachys cyanipennis Fisher, 1922. Neotrachys caerulea
Hespenheide, 1982, and N. concinna (Fisher, 1922) are recorded for the first
time from Panama; N. segregata (Waterhouse, 1889), for the first time from
Honduras and Mexico; N. dominicanus Thery, 1947, for the first time from
Guadeloupe; N. fennahi Thery, 1940, for the first time from Martinique.
Leiopleura cupeyali Zayas, 1988, and L. cyanea Zayas, 1988, are transferred to
Neotrachys. A key is provided for Central American species. This paper is
dedicated to the memory of G. H. Nelson.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11144.
Publicación no.: 313 Factores de sitio que influyen en el crecimiento de
Tectona grandis L.F. y Bombacopsis quinata (Jacq.) Dugand, en Costa Rica /
Montero-Mata, M.
Valdivia: Universidad Austral de Chile, 1999. 111 p.
Thesis, Mag. Sc., Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias
Forestales, Valdivia (Chile).
The mean annual precipitation presented a correlation with the site index in
Tectona grandis of 50 percent, the species requires at least 1500 mm of mean
annual precipitation for best growth. The topographical position presented a
correlation with the site index of 43 percent, therefore, Tectona grandis
prefers from plane sites till sites with medium slopes, and it's not
recommended to establish plantations in high slopes (summits), since these
presents superficial and very leached floors. The leaf variables in Tectona
grandis, like calcium and magnesium indicate that at higher contents of these
elements in the leaves, a hihger site index is expected, contrary behavior
presents the potassium, where a 1 percent it's enough for a good growth; the
relationship of the site index in Bombacopsis quinata with the calcium is very
similar as in teak; standing out of the group of the micronutrients and with a
quite high correlation (r = 0.89), it is the copper, for what the Bombacopsis
quinata needs higher amounts than 10 mg/kg in order to obtain good growths. The
site index in Tectona grandis was correlated with the hydride deficit (r =
-0.50), the mean annual temperature (r = -0.47), variables of the group of the
climatic in negative way, on the other hand the topographical position of the
group of the fisiografics (r = 0.42), these variables present a highly
significant correlation (P 0.01). The following is the equation to predict site
index of Tectona grandis in Costa Rica, from climatic and physiographic
variables: SI = 109.416 - 1.709 * (HYDDEF) + 1.095 * (TOPP) - 3.211 * (MAT) r =
0.68; r² = 0.46; r²adjusted = 0.44. Where. SI: Site index (m); HYDDEF: number
of dry months a year (below 100 mm of precipitation); TOPP: topographic
position of the plot (1 = hill top, 2 = half slope, 3 = inferior slope and 4 =
plane bottom); MAT: mean annual temperature in °C. This model allows estimating
the previous productivity of teak under specific site conditions. The users are
responsible for the correct use of the proposed model.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5019.
Publicación no.: 314 Genetic resources of Cedrela odorata L. and their
efficient use in Mesoamerica [Recursos genéticos de Cedrela odorata L. y su uso
eficiente en Mesoamérica] / Navarro-Pereira, C.M. (CATIE. Manejo de Bosques
Tropicales y Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Turrialba, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
Helsinsky: University of Helsinski, 2002. 114 pp. ISBN: 952-10-0790-7.
Dissertation, Ph.D., University of Helsinski, Faculty of Agriculture and
Forestry, Department of Applied Biology, Helsinski (Finland).
The general objective of this work is to assess the genetic resources of
Spanish cedar (Cedrela odorata L.) and study possibilities for their efficient
use. It is a highly valued forest species, chiefly because of its high quality
wood. It has been severely extracted in natural forests and is considered
endangered in Mesoamerica. This work examines genetic diversity and population
differentiation in genetic resources of Spanish cedar from several countries of
Mesoamerica, and surveys the plantation of field experiments and conservation
gardens. In the present study within-population variability in molecular
markers and in quantitative traits were not correlated over populations. The
amount of interpopulation differentiation was higher for molecularmarkers (FST
= 0.67) than for quantitative traits (QST ~ 0.30), suggesting that the
deviation in the quantitative traits was less than could have been achieved by
genetic drift alone. However, pair-wise population comparisons of marker genes
and quantitative differentiation exposed a high positive correlation (r =
0.66), signifying that the degree of divergence in the molecular markers can be
used to predict the degree of population differentiation in quantitative
traits. The progeny-provenance tests and agroforestry experiments indicated
that all variables studied showed significant differences between provenances.
The best performing provenances showed outstanding ratings for diameter and
height growth, insect resistance and single stem regrowth after insect attack.
The coffee mixtures that provided the best environment for the growth of C.
odorata consisted of mature coffee trees with C. odorata trees planted between
the coffee rows. The attack of the shoot borer Hypsipyla grandella was also
more inhibited in mixtures containing mature coffee bushes than in recently
planted or pruned (to 30 cm from the base) bushes. The number of shoots that
re-sprouted following attack by the shoot borer was significantly lower in the
blocks where C. odorata was planted within the coffee rows because of the
strong lateral competition between the C. odorata trees and the coffee branches
as well as the lateral shade they provided. Agroforestry systems using mixed
plantings of C. odorata and coffee can provide a good economical option for
conserving populations of Spanish cedar. Two of the challenges to overcome in
the management of the broad-leaved forests with Spanish Cedar and other
valuable trees are increasing the harvest and commercialisation of several
species, in order to decrease excessive pressure on the utilisation of the
traditional valuable timber species and to establish plantations of such
species both in agroforestry and mixed plantations. Conservation work will
require a coordinated effort among all the Mesoamerican countries, where
farmers will participate in conserving, planting and managing forests that
contain C. odorata. Policies to develop community forestry projects for
conservation on-farm (circa situ) should be promoted. Such projects could be
developed within the framework of the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor. Given
its socio-economic importance, our results highlight the need for future
studies encompassing the whole natural distribution of the species including
the yet unstudied populations in South America.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4936.
Publicación no.: 315 Bijagua: lugar de diversidad y contrastes / Cortés, G.;
Villalobos, V.
In: Herencia (ISSN 1659-0066), v. 18, no. 2, p. 37-45. 2005.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: H.
Publicación no.: 316 Comparison of the antimicrobial activity of honey produced
by Tetragonisca angustula (Meliponinae) and Apis mellifera L. from different
phytogeographical regions of Costa Rica [Comparación de la actividad
antimicrobiana de la miel producida por Tetragonisca angustula (Meliponinae) y
Apis mellifera L. de diferentes regiones fitogeográficas de Costa Rica] /
DeMera, J.H.; Angert, E.R. (Cornell University. Department of Entomology,
Ithaca, NY 14853, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Seminario Mesoamericano sobre Abejas sin Aguijón. III, Tapachula, Chiapas MX6-8
Nov., 2003.
Tapachula, Chiapas: El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), 2003. p. 48-54.
Before the introduction of sugarcane and Apis mellifera to the New World, the
only source of concentrated sweetener was honey produced by native species of
stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponinae). While the sugar chemistry of honey is
well known, few studies have addressed what differences, if any, exist between
the purported medicinal qualities of honey produced by different species of
bees. The purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the
demonstrated variation in antimicrobial activity of honey produced by
introduced A. mellifera and the stingless bee, Tetragonisca angustula, commonly
kept in hives in Costa Rica. There was no difference in activity of honey
produced by A. mellifera and T. angustula against the 5 microbes tested. Honey
from different phytogeographic regions exhibited differential antimicrobial
activity and susceptibility of yeasts to honey of either species was greater
than that of bacteria.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: AD 700.
Publicación no.: 317 La certificación forestal y el pago por servicios
ambientales como mecanismos de promoción del manejo sostenible de bosques
naturales en Costa Rica [Forest certification and environmental services
payment as mechanisms for the promotion of sustainable management of natural
forest in Costa Rica] / Yalle-Paredes, S.R.; Campos-Arce, J.J.; Louman, B.
(MINAG-INRENA, Lima, PE <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Recursos Naturales y Ambiente (ISSN 1659-1216), no. 46/47, p. 89-98. 2006.
A pesar de que se reconocen como instrumentos imprescindibles para avanzar en
el manejo forestal sostenible, en Costa Rica se desconocen los verdaderos
impactos del pago por servicios ambientales (PSA) y la certificación forestal
voluntaria (CFV). El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar su efecto en el
desempeño ambiental del manejo de bosques naturales con fines de producción de
madera. Para la investigación se empleó una metodología basada en criterios e
indicadores para el principio 6 de los estándares nacionales de evaluación del
manejo forestal sostenible y una propuesta para el monitoreo biológico. El
estándar final estuvo conformado por dos criterios y nueve indicadores y se
aplicaron en 30 unidades de manejo forestal (UMF) con cuatro tratamientos: PSA,
CFV, PSACFV y tratamiento testigo. En general, los valores del impacto total
sobre el bosque productor para todos los tratamientos se encuentran muy por
debajo de los límites establecidos en el estándar nacional (25%). El análisis
estadístico mostró un mejor desempeño en las UMF con CFV y PSA-CFV que en las
del testigo (PrF=0.022). Las variables más relevantes que influyen en los
resultados se relacionan con elementos de protección y control de los procesos
de erosión hídrica, cuidadosdurante el aprovechamiento y cumplimiento de las
actividades de cierre del aprovechamiento. Por otra parte, las UMF regentadas
por ONG resultaron con mejor desempeño en el manejo forestal debido a una mayor
eficiencia en las actividades de planificación y ejecución del aprovechamiento
forestal, así como mejor control y protección de la UMF después del
aprovechamiento.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 318 Impacto socioeconómico del pago por servicios ambientales
y la certificación forestal voluntaria en la sostenibilidad del manejo forestal
en Costa Rica [Socio-economics impact of the payments of environmental services
and the voluntary forest certification as mechanisms that promote the
sustainability of forest management in Costa Rica] / Garay-Rodríguez, M.E.;
Locatelli, B.; Louman, B. (<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> ).
In: Recursos Naturales y Ambiente (ISSN 1659-1216), no. 46/47, p. 99-108. 2006.
El manejo forestal es ampliamente reconocido como una alternativa ecológica,
económica y socialmente sostenible para reducir la deforestación; sin embargo
implica costos y restricciones, por lo que precisa mecanismos que le den
competitividad. En Costa Rica, el pago por servicios ambientales (PSA) al
manejo forestal busca incentivar la conservación e internalizar los beneficios
ambientales; la certificación forestal voluntaria (CFV) provee un incentivo de
mercado por las prácticas sostenibles de manejo forestal. El presente estudio
evaluó el impacto socioeconómico del PSA y la CFV como mecanismos que promueven
la sostenibilidad del MF en Costa Rica. La metodología contempló la formulación
de un estándar de principios, criterios e indicadores, su aplicación en
unidades de manejo forestal y un análisis multicriterio. Los resultados
evidencian que aunque se reconoce la importancia del PSA y la CFV en la
conservación de los bosques, la decisión de continuar el manejo forestal está
sujeta a su sostenibilidad económica, la cual no cumplió con las expectativas
generadas. Ello tuvo que ver con situaciones estructurales, como el tipo de
actividad económica del beneficiario y su acceso al apoyo institucional, lo que
sugiere que propiciar una mayor contribución al bienestar socioeconómico
requiere evaluar las heterogeneidades socioeconómicas y la identificación de
los grupos meta.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R.
Publicación no.: 319 Micro- and macroevolutionary decoupling of cichlid jaws: a
test of Liem's key innovation hypothesis [Micro y macroevolutivo
desemparejamiento de las mandíbulas de los cíclidos: una prueba de la hipótesis
de Liem de la innovación clave] / Hulsey, C.D.; García de León, F.J.;
Rodiles-Hernández, R. (Georgia Institute of Technology. Department of Biology,
Atlanta, GA 30332, US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected] ).
In: Evolution (ISSN 0014-3820), v. 60, no. 10, p. 2096-2109. 2006.
The extent to which elements of functional systems can change independently
(modularity) likely influences the diversification of lineages. Major
innovations in organismal design, like the pharyngeal jaw in cichlid fishes,
may be key to a group?s success when they relax constraints on diversification
by increasing phenotypic modularity. In cichlid fishes, pharyngeal jaw
modifications that enhanced the ability to breakdown prey may have freed their
oral jaws from serving their ancestral dual role as a site of both prey capture
and prey processing. This functional decoupling that allowed the oral jaws to
become devoted solely to prey capture has been hypothesized to have permitted
the two sets of cichlid jaws to evolve independently. We tested the hypothesis
that oral and pharyngeal jaw mechanics are evolutionarily decoupled both within
and among Neotropical Heroine cichlids. In the trophically polymorphic species
Herichthys minckleyi, molariforms that exhibit enlarged molarlike pharyngeal
jaw teethwere found to have approximately 400% greater lower jaw mass compared
to H. minckleyi with the alternative papilliform pharyngeal morphology.
However, oral jaw gape, lower jaw velocity ratios, anterior jaw linkage
mechanics, and jaw protrusion did not differ between the morphotypes. In 40
other Heroine species, there was a weak correlation between oral jaw mechanics
and pharyngeal jaw mass when phylogenetic history was ignored. Yet, after
expansion of the cytochrome b phylogeny for Heroines, change in oral jaw
mechanics was found to be independent of evolutionary change in pharyngeal jaw
mass based on independent contrasts. Evolutionary decoupling of oral and
pharyngeal jaw mechanics has likely played a critical role in the unparalleled
trophic diversification of cichlid fishes.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-4949.
Publicación no.: 320 Revision of the neotropical family Inbiomyiidae (Diptera,
Schizophora) [Revisión de la familia neotropical Inbiomyiidae (Diptera,
Schizophora)] / Buck, M.; Marshall, S.A. (University of Guelph. Department of
Environmental Biology, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CA <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) (ISSN 00459-8113), no. 512, p. 1-32.
2006.
The Central and South American family Inbiomyiidae with its single genus
Inbiomyia Buck is revised, including descriptions of 10 new species: I.
acmophallus Buck sp. nov. (Colombia), I. anemosyris Buck sp. nov. (Colombia,
Peru), I. matamata Buck sp. nov. (Venezuela, Colombia), I. pterygion Buck sp.
nov. (Bolivia), I. regina Buck sp. nov. (French Guiana), I. exul Buck sp. nov.
(Costa Rica, Ecuador), I. empheres Buck sp. nov. (Ecuador), I. anodonta Buck
sp. nov. (Colombia), I. scoliostylus Buck sp. nov. (Costa Rica), and I.
zeugodonta Buck sp. nov. (Colombia, French Guiana). Three species known from
single females are briefly diagnosed but not named. A key to the 11 described
species of Inbiomyia is provided. The species-level phylogenetic relationships
are analyzed on the basis of a matrix of 35 morphological characters. Four
species groups are recognized: the I. anemosyris group (I. acmophallus, I.
regina, I. pterygion, I. matamata, I. anemosyris), the I. exul group (I. exul,
Inbiomyia species 1),the I. mcalpineorum group (I. empheres, I. mcalpineorum,
Inbiomyia species 2), and the I. scoliostylus group (I. anodonta, I.
scoliostylus, I. zeugodonta, Inbiomyia species 3).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5096.
Publicación no.: 321 Novedades en las Proteaceae de Costa Rica [Novelties in
the Proteaceae from Costa Rica] / Morales-Quirós, J.F. (Instituto Nacional de
Biodiversidad (INBio), Apdo. 22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Darwiniana (ISSN 0011-6793), v. 44, no. 2, p. 490-492. 2006.
Roupala sessiliflora, a new species endemic to Costa Rica is described and
illustrated. This new taxon is somewhat related to R. mexicana, but differs by
its sessile flowers and shorter tepals. In addition, it is similar to R.
cordifolia, but R. sessiliflora differs by its broadly elliptic to obovate leaf
blades, cuneate at the base, sessile flowers, and shorter tepals.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5149.
Publicación no.: 322 Two new species of Ormosia (Leguminosae - Papilionoideae,
Sophoreae) from Mesoamerica [Dos nuevas especies de Ormosia (Leguminosae Papilionoideae, Sophoreae) de Mesoamérica] / Zamora-Villalobos, N.A. (Instituto
Nacional de Biodiversidad, Apdo. Postal 22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany (ISSN 0960-4286), v. 63, no. 2/3, p. 183-190.
2006.
Two new species of Ormosia (Leguminosae - Papilionoideae - Sophoreae) are
described: Ormosia carinata N.Zamora and Ormosia intermedia N.Zamora.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5169.
Publicación no.: 323 Studies in American Blattidae [Estudios en las Blattidae
americanas] / Rehn, J.A.G.
In: Transactions of the American Entomological Society (ISSN 0002-8320), v. 29,
p. 259-290. 1903.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5352.
Publicación no.: 324 A review of Pseudolechriops Champion (Coleoptera:
Curculionidae: Conoderinae) [Revisión de Pseudolechriops Champion (Coleoptera:
Curculionidae: Conoderinae)] / Hespenheide, H.A.; Lapierre, L.M. (Lower
Columbia College, Longview, WA 98632, US <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5326), no. 1384, p. 1-39. 2006.
Nine new species are described in the formerly monotypic genus Pseudolechriops
Champion: P. longinoi, new species; P. dimorpha, new species; P. howdenorum,
new species; P. davidsonae, new species; P. klopferi, new species; P. janeae,
new species; P. alleni, new species; P. wrightae, new species; P. coleyae, new
species. These species can be separated into two groups, the megacephala and
coleyae groups. The species are illustrated and a key is provided. Males of
some species have more or less strikingly modified rostra and possess other
secondary sexual characters that suggest courtship behavior, or at least sexual
recognition, is an important selective factor. Eight species have been reared
from leaf petioles of members of the plant genus Cecropia (Cecropiaceae), and
the others have been collected on Cecropia as adults. Pseudolechriops use
either live or dead petioles as a reproductive and developmental substrate, and
the biology of each group of species is generally described. Some
Pseudolechriops species may mimic the Azteca ants (Formicidae: Dolichoderinae)
that are mutualists in most Cecropia species.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5327.
Publicación no.: 325 Predicción de la ganancia diaria de peso mediante el uso
del modelo NRC en novillas suplementadas en el trópico húmedo de Costa Rica
[Prediction of the daily weight gain by the use of the NRC model in
supplemented heifers in the humid tropics of Costa Rica] / Maquivar-Linfoot,
M.G.; Galina-Hidalgo, C.S.; Mendoza-Martínez, G.D.; Verduzco-Gómez, A.R.;
Galindo-Badilla, J.R.; Molina-Sánchez, R.; Estrada-Konig, S. (Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,
Departamento de Reproducción, Mexico City 56225860, DF, MX <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]).
In: Revista Científica (Universidad del Zulia. Facultad de Ciencias
Veterinarias) (ISSN 0798-2259), v. 16, no. 6, p. 634-641. 2006.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the model NRC level 1 to predict the
daily weight gain in heifers supplemented under tropical conditions. For this
purpose, two experiments were done, in the first experiment 30 heifers were
divided into two groups of fifteen animals each, the supplemented group (GS)
showed an initial weight of 365.27 ± 24.40 kg, received commercial concentrate
to the ratio of 1% of live weight (5.5% PC 2.85 Meal ED) and the control group
which was not supplemented (GNS) with an initial weight of 367.47 ± 31.65 kg.
In the second study 45 heifers were divided in two groups, the GSb with 22
animals having an initial weight of 342.23 ± 36.4 kg and given concentrate to
the rate of 1% of live weight (13% PC 3.5 Meal ED) and the GNSb were made up of
23 animals having an initial average weight of 326.0 ± 31.3 kg. In both trials
the animals were supplemented throughout for forty-five days and let them
grazed on African Star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis), Candelario grass
(Pennisteum purpureum) and Ratana grass (Ischaemum indicum). In both
experiments no differences were observed (P 0.05) in weight change The GS had
daily weight gains (GDP) of 0.27 kg/d while the GNS showed losses of -0.05
kg/d. In the second trial the GSb showed a GDPof 0.90 kg/d and the GNSb of 0.60
kg/d. The predicted GDP of the first experiment was similar in comparison with
the observed value for the supplemented group (P 0.05), in contrast with that
presented in the GNS group in which the daily weight gain wasover estimated (P
0.05). In the second trial the GDP predicted for both groups was under
estimated (P 0.05). The level 1 of the NRC simulation model does not seem to
be appropriate for predicting changes in weight in heifers under tropical
condition.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5338.
Publicación no.: 326 A new species of Asioplax (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae)
from Costa Rica and Nicaragua [Una nueva especie de Asioplax (Ephemeroptera:
Leptohyphidae) de Costa Rica y Nicaragua] / Baumgardner, D.E.; Meyer, M.D.;
McCafferty, W.P. (Texas A&M University. Department of Entomology, College
Station, TX 77843 US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Pan-Pacific Entomologist (ISSN 0031-0603), v. 82, no. 3/4, p. 346-350.
2006.
A new species of leptohyphid mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae), Asioplax
isabelia sp. nov., is described based upon larvae from Nicaragua and Costa
Rica. The new species is distinguished from others in the genus Asioplax based
upon differences in claw morphology, operculate gill shape, and by the presence
of well-developed posteromedial projections on abdominal segment nine.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5443.
Publicación no.: 327 Relación de dependencia directa para la alimentación y
anidación de la lapa verde (Ara ambigua) y el almendro (Dipteryx panamensis) en
la zona norte de Costa Rica / Madriz-Vargas, B.J. (<E-mail:
[email protected]> ).
s.l.: Bernardo J. Madriz-Vargas, 2003. 33 p.
Este documento presenta los resultados del estudio "Relación de dependencia
directa para la alimentación y anidación de la lapa verde (Ara ambigua) y el
almendro (Dipteryx panamensis) en la zona norte de Costa Rica", para dar
cumplimiento al decreto 30961 MINAE. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar
si con la información científica generada al presente, se puede corroborar la
existencia de una relación de dependencia directa para la alimentación y sitios
de anidación, entre la lapa verde y el árbol de almendro, así como con otras
especies de árboles.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5287.
Publicación no.: 328 Review of the neotropical genus Trachelium
Herrich-Schaeffer, with the description of six new species (Heteroptera:
Alydidae: Micrelytrinae: Micrelytrini) [Revisión del género neotropical
Trachelium Herrich-Schaeffer, con la descripción de seis especies nuevas
(Heteroptera: Alydidae: Micrelytrinae: Micrelytrini)] / Brailovsky, H. (UNAM.
Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Apdo. Postal 70153, 04510
México, D.F, MX <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Entomological News (ISSN 0013-872X), v. 115, no. 1, p. 15-30. 2004.
Six new species of Trachelium Herrich-Schaeffer from Argentina, Bolivia,
Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Panama, Trinidad, and Venezuela are described.
New distributional records are given for: T. alboapicatus Distant, T. bicolor
Herrich-Schaeffer, T. fulvipes Herrich-Schaeffer, T. mimeticum Breddin, T.
spectabile Bergroth, and T. tessellatus Distant. A diagnosis for previously
known species is provided, T. spectabile is redescribed, a key for the known
species is given, and T. fulvipes is resurrected from his synonym under T.
bicolor.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5462.
Publicación no.: 329 Diez especies nuevas de Guarea (Meliaceae) de Nicaragua,
Costa Rica y Panamá [Ten new species of Guarea (Meliaceae) from Nicaragua,
Costa Rica and Panama] / Rodríguez-González, A. (Instituto Nacional de
Biodiversidad, Apdo. Postal 22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Lankesteriana (ISSN 1409-3871), v. 6, no. 3, p. 101-122. 2006.
Ten new species of Guarea from Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama are described
and illustrated, and their relationships to other species of the genus are
discussed.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: L. NBINA-5624.
Publicación no.: 330 Una nueva especie de Swartzia (Leguminosae) de Costa Rica
[A new species of Swartzia (Leguminosae) from Costa Rica] / Zamora-Villalobos,
N.A.; Solano-Peralta, D. (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Apdo. Postal
22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Lankesteriana (ISSN 1409-3871), v. 6, no. 3, p. 133-138. 2006.
A new species of Swartzia (Leguminosae), S. maquenqueana, from Northern Costa
Rica is here described and illustrated.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: L. NBINA-5293.
Publicación no.: 331 Systematic revision of the Central American species of the
genus Begonia sect. Gireoudia [Revisión sistemática de las especies
centroamericanas del género Begonia sección Gireoudia] / Burt-Utley, K.
(University of New Orleans. Department of Biological Sciences, New Orleans, LA
70148, US).
Durham, NC: Duke University, 1981. 319 pp.
Dissertation, Ph.D., Duke University, Graduate School, Department of Botany,
Durham, N.C. (USA).
Begonia sect. Gireoudia is the largest of 14 Begonia sections occurring in
Central America. It is a phentically related group of species that can be
differentiated from other sections by plant habit coupled with floral
morphology. Of the 27 species herein recognized from Central America, 16 are
endemic to the region, largely to Costa Rica and Panama where they range from
sea level to over 2000 m elevation. The need for an intensive systematic study
of the section became apparent during attempts to identify species from
southern Central America with available floristic treatments. During the latter
part of a three year residence in Costa Rica and a subsequent trip to Costa
Rica and Panama, species within sect. Gireoudia were collected intensively and
field observations were made. This material and information combined with over
2500 herbarium specimens has permitted a re-evaluation of species within sect.
Gireoudia. Five new species are presently recognized among the 27 species in
sect. Gireoudia that occur in Central America; of these, four are Panamaian and
one is Guatemalan. Two widely ranging and frequently collected taxa, B.
sericoneura and B. urophylla have been reinterpreted as a result of this
research, while two additional species, B. broussonetiifolia and B. cardiocarpa
which were treated in synonomy in recent floras are recognized as distinct.
Accompanying this treatment are in depth discussions of the morphological
characters that are important in distinguishing among species in sect.Gireoudia
and illustrations of major floral and vegetative characters. A detailed key to
the Central American species in the section is included in this treatment. Each
species is accompanied by a thorough description of its morphological features
along with a discussion of its relationships to other taxa in the section.
Tables were prepared to compare phenetically similar taxa and distribution maps
are included for all the species. New species are illustrated with line
drawings. Species were divided into 12 species complexes based upon
morphological similarities among taxa.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5385.
Publicación no.: 332 Characterization of a Bacillus thuringiensis strain
collection isolated from diverse Costa Rican natural ecosystems
[Caracterización de una colección de cepas de Bacillus thuringiensis aisladas
de diferentes ecosistemas naturales costarricenses] / Arrieta-Espinoza, G.;
Espinoza-Esquivel, A.M. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigación en
Biología Celular y Molecular (CIBCM), San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 54, no. 1, p. 13-27.
2006.
Costa Rican natural ecosystems are among the most diverse in the world. For
this reason, we isolated strains of the entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus
thuringiensis (Bt) to determine their diversity, distribution and abundance. A
total of 146 Bt strains were obtained from environmental samples collected from
diverse natural ecosystems and life zones of Costa Rica. We recovered Bt
strains from 71%, 63%, 61% and 54% of soil samples, fresh leaves, other
substrates and leaf litter respectively. Bt was isolated in 65% of the samples
collected in the humid tropical forest in national parks (Braulio Carrillo,
Gandoca Manzanillo, Sierpe, Hitoy Cerere, and Cahuita), and in 59% of the
samples collected in the dry tropical forest (Parque Nacional Marino las
Baulas, Palo Verde and Santa Rosa). In the very humid tropical forest
(Tortuguero) Bt was isolated in 75% of the samples and in the very humid
tropical forest transition perhumid (Carara) it was found in 69% of the
samples. The strains exhibit a diverse number, size and morphology of
parasporal inclusion bodies: irregular (47%), oval (20%), bipyramidal (3%),
bipyramidal and cubic (1%), bipyramidal, oval and irregular (5%) and
bipyramidal, oval and cubic crystals (2%). Strains isolated from Braulio
Carrillo, Tortuguero and Cahuita, presented predominantly irregular crystals.
On the other hand, more than 60% of the isolates from Terraba-Sierpe and
Hitoy-Cerere had medium oval crystals. Strains from Gandoca-Manzanillo, Palo
Verde and Carara presented mainly combinations of oval and irregular crystals.
Nevertheless, the greatest diversity in crystal morphology was observed in
those from Santa Rosa, Llanos del Rio Medio Queso and Parque Marino las Baulas.
Protein analyses of the crystal-spore preparations showed delta-endotoxin with
diverse electrophoretic patterns, with molecular weights in the range of 20 to
160 kDa. Fifty six percent of the strains amplified with the cry2 primer, 54%
with vip3, 20% with cryl, 9% with cry3-cry7 and 8% with cry8. The cry11 and cyt
genes were found in 8% and 7% of the strains, respectively. When analyzed with
specific primers for the cryl subfamily, 13 different genetic profiles were
obtained. In addition, twenty-four strains did not amplify with any of the
primers used, suggesting they contain novel cry genes. The diversity of Bt
genes found in this collection indicates it could have great potential for the
control of different species of insect pests. The toxicological
characterization of the strains by biciassays against important insect pests
will provide useful information about their potential use for the formulation
of biological insecticides and their respective cry and vip genes for the
transformation of crops to confer resistance to insects.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R. NBINA-5869.
Publicación no.: 333 Proceso de aserrío de trozas de diámetros menores de
Gmelina arborea Roxb., para producción de madera para construcción en Maderas
Cultivadas de Costa Rica
Santa Rosa de Pocosol: Maderas Cultivadas de Costa Rica S.A., 2003. 137 pp.
El presente estudio trata de la producción de madera para el sector de la
construcción de Costa Rica a partir de trozas de diámetros menores (16-24 cm)
de Gmelina arborea Roxb en la empresa Maderas Cultivadas de Costa Rica, ubicada
en Santa Rosa de Pocosol, San Carlos. El propósito del estudio fue producir
toda la variedad de productos de construcción utilizados en el mercado
nacional. Para tal fin, se establecieron sistemas de producción, los cuales
consisten en procesos de aserrío con patrones de corte según clase diamétrica
que optimizan el rendimiento de la producción de madera para construcción y
para otros procesos secundarios de manufactura en que se puede utilizar la
madera. El trabajo aquí presentado es de aplicación práctica, debido a queen el
desarrollo del estudio se fue cambiando la metodología a seguir según los
resultados que se iban presentando en el avance. Un ejemplo de ello fue la
modificación de los patrones de corte que se dio debido a que la calidad de las
piezas que se estaba obteniendo al principio no eran las mejores para la
producción de madera para construcción, también la eliminación de patrones de
corte de doble espesor, que propiciaron, primero bajos rendimientos en el
reaserrío; segundo tiempos extensos de secado para secar mas de 50 mm con una
adecuada calidad1 y por último para obtener los productos presentes en el
mercado se necesitaban de diámetros que están fuera de los rangos del presente
estudio. .En el estudio se determinaron los rendimientos de aserrío y los
rendimientos de reaserrío de la madera con destino a construcción, además, la
madera que se destinó para la producción de productos secundarios fue seguida
hasta el final del proceso para así obtener los rendimientos del sistema como
una totalidad. Serealizaron mediciones de encorvadura en madera verde sin
reaserrar, en madera seca y reaserrada (productos finales). En el primer caso,
el objetivo fue el de verificar que el grado de encorvadura presentado fuese
menor o igual al grado considerado en el diseño de los patrones de corte para
los sistemas de producción. Se obtuvo como resultado que el rendimiento de
aserrío fue mayor en los sistemas de producción con trozas de 20 a 24 cm de
diámetro, y que el rendimiento de reaserrío fue mayor en los sistemas donde se
reaserró madera de 48 mm de espesor. En cuanto a la encorvadura de los
productos finales, los productos de 1 x 3 mm, 1 x 4 mm y 2 x 3 mm y 3.36 m de
largo fueron los que presentaron mayores promedios de torcedura.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5356.
Publicación no.: 334 Caño Negro: una experiencia de extensión
interdisciplinaria y amplia participación popular / Rodríguez-Cervantes, S.;
Quirós-Herrera, R. (Universidad Nacional. Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales,
Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Biocenosis (ISSN 0250-6963), v. 4, no.esp., p. 67-71. 1988.
Este artículo, en lo esencial, propone la búsqueda de soluciones prácticas ante
el problema ecológico. Aunque parciales, estas pueden ofrecer mas opciones que
la simple "educación". Pero no se trata de un empirismo mal entendido, sino,
más bien, de un enfoque nuevo, que tiene su base en un tipo de investigación
diferente a la tradicional, pues se apoya en la participación de los distintos
agentes involucrados.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11043.
Publicación no.: 335 Manejo de hábitat y protección de la biodiversidad en los
humedales del Refugio de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Costa Rica: diagnóstico y
recomendaciones [Habitat management and biodiversity protection in the wetlands
of Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge, Costa Rica: diagnostic and recommendations] /
Hurtado de Mendoza, L.
In: Flora, Fauna y Areas Silvestres (ISSN 1014-2800), v. 7, no. 18, p. 6-11.
1983.
(No abstract).
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 336 Degradación del sistema lagunar Caño Negro (norte
costarricense) por sedimentación / Brenes-Quesada, L.G.; Solano-Mata, F.J.;
Salas-González, D.M. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Geografía, San
José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Ciencias Ambientales (ISSN 1409-2158), no. 21, p. 36-41. 2001.
Once the conceptual and methodological framework of the research realized on
sedimentation in the wetland system of Caño Negro (Caño Negro National Wildlife
Refuge, in northern Costa Rica) is specified, it is briefly described. Physical
mechanisms ofsedimentation in this particular case are exposed, along with its
volumes, distribution, associated spatial modifications and ecological
consequences.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 337 Perfil de una estrategia de conservación y desarrollo
sostenible de los llanos de Caño Negro; documento final / Castillo-Vásquez, R,
(cons.).; Rodríguez-Herrera, E, (cons.).
[San José]: MIRENEM-UCR-UICN, 1993. 83 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: 333.72097286 P438.
Publicación no.: 338 ¿Qué es un plan de manejo?: el caso de Refugio Nacional de
Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Costa Rica / Cordero, P.; Córdoba-Muñoz, R.;
Vásquez, A.; Windevoxhel-Lora, N.J. (UICN-Oficina Regional para Mesoamérica,
Apdo. 1161-2150, Moravia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
San José: SINAC / Unión Mundial para la Naturaleza, 1999. 32 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca del CINPE (Centro Internacional de Política Económica
para el Desarrollo Sostenible): 333.918 U58q.
Publicación no.: 339 Refugios de vida silvestre y humedales de Costa Rica /
Madrigal-Castro, E.; Guevara-Sequeira, J. (Acuacultura Tropical S.A., Apartado
Postal 291-1300, San José, CR).
San José: MIRENEM. Dirección General de Vida Silvestre, 1995. 44 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 7828.
Publicación no.: 340 Caño Negro: entre el encanto natural y la realidad social:
una experiencia de vida cotidiana desde la perspectiva de los pobladores,
documento final / Campos-Solano, Y.
San José: Amigos de la Tierra España / Asociación Ecologista Costarricense,
1997. 47 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 8266.
Publicación no.: 341 Elementos a considerar en la elaboración del plan de
manejo "Refugio de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro: una estrategia para el desarrollo
sustentable del humedal". Seminario-taller Evaluación de los elementos a
considerar en la elaboración del plan de manejo "Refugio de Vida Silvestre Caño
Negro", San José CR. Jul. 20, 994. 20 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 8264.
Publicación no.: 342 Estudio de la biología y el manejo del caimán en Caño
Negro / Wade, E.J.
San José: MINAE, 1994. 50 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 8777.
Publicación no.: 343 Convención relativa a los humedales de importancia
internacional especialmente como hábitat de aves acuáticas; Fundación para el
Eco Desarrollo Sostenible de Costa Rica y Centroamérica [FEDESCA]
Seminarios-taller: participación comunal en la planificación para el manejo de
los recursos naturales del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro: Los
Chiles, Guatuso y Upala. Memorias, Heredia CR
Heredia: Grupo Técnico Ambiental, 1994. 64 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 8237.
Publicación no.: 344 Propuesta de manejo para el caimán en Caño Negro y zonas
aledañas / Wade, E.J.
San José: MINAE / UICN, 1994. 20 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 8772.
Publicación no.: 345 Socio-economic survey in Caño Negro: a study on
conservation and development in a wildlife refuge [Encuesta socioeconómica en
Caño Negro: un estudio sobre la conservación y desarrollo de un refugio de vida
silvestre] / Westphal, S.
, 1993. 47 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 8277.
Publicación no.: 346 La ecología cultural de los índigenas malekus y su papel
en el uso y conservación de los humedales de Caño Negro / Castillo-Vásquez, R.;
Borge-Carvajal, C.
San José: SIAPAZ-Costa Rica, s.f. 13 pp.
Esta propuesta corresponde al proyecto nacional para el SIAPAZ-Costa Rica
originalmente titulado "Las relaciones histórico-culturales de los indígenas
Malekus con los humedales de Caño Negro".
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 1320.
Publicación no.: 347 Procesos hidrodinámicos de sedimentación en el sistema
lagunar Caño Negro / Brenes-Quesada, L.G.; Solano-Mata, F.J.; Salas-González,
D.M. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Geografía, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica / Escuela de Geografía, 2000. 126 pp.
Once the conceptual and methodological framework of the research realized on
sedimentation in the wetland system of Caño Negro (Caño Negro National Wildlife
Refuge, in northern Costa Rica) is specified, it is briefly described. Physical
mechanisms of sedimentation in this particular case are exposed, along with its
volumes, distribution, associated spatial modifications and ecological
consequences.
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: PI 551.353 B837p.
Publicación no.: 348 Centro de investigación para el desarrollo del uso
sostenible de los recursos del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro /
Morales-Guzmán, F.
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 1998. 74 pp.
Proyecto de Graduación, Lic. en Arquitectura, Universidad de Costa Rica,
Facultad de Ingeniería, Escuela de Arquitectura, San José (Costa Rica).
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: TFG 19682.
Publicación no.: 349 Degradación y restauración de los humedales en la cuenca
baja del río Frío, Los Chiles, Costa Rica / Solano-Mata, F.J.
San José: Universidad de Costa Rica, 2002. 219 pp.
Tesis, M.Sc., Universidad de Costa Rica, Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado,
Programa de Maestría Centroamericana en Geografía, San José (Costa Rica).
Se elabora un diagnóstico ambiental para determinar el nivel de degradación que
presentan los humedales de la cuenca baja del río Frío y se sugieren algunos
lineamientos tendientes a la restauración de los humedales en estudio,
partiendo de la comprensión del medio socioambiental.... En el documento se
explica el desequilibrio ambiental asociado a la degradación de los humedales,
el cual se basó en la elaboración de un diagnóstico integral, que buscó
establecer algunos lineamientos ambientales de intervención que tiendan en un
futuro cercano a facilitar un proceso de restauración.
Localización: Non available.
Publicación no.: 350 Distribution of ground-dwelling beetles in fragmented
tropical habitats [Distribución de abejones que viven en el suelo en hábitats
tropicales fragmentados] / Gormley, L.H.L.; Furley, P.; Watt, A.D. (University
of Wales. School of the Environment and Natural Resources, Bangor, LL57 2UW, GB
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Journal of Insect Conservation (ISSN 1366-638X), v. 11, no. 2, p. 131-139.
2007.
The conservation of biodiversity is increasingly dependent on human-altered
habitats. In a fragmented forest landscape in northern Costa Rica within the
Mesoamerican Biological Corridor, an area of great conservation importance, we
compared the diversity and composition of ground-dwelling beetle communities in
five habitat types along a gradient of increasing disturbance: primary forest,
logged forest, secondary forest, plantation (Gmelina arborea) and pasture.
Using pitfall trapping we captured a total of 1,877 beetles (Coleoptera),
comprising 422 morphospecies in 26 families. The plantation sites had the
lowest number of species followed by secondary forest and pasture. Multivariate
analysis separated the beetle fauna according to land use, and suggested that
only the logged forest maintains a similar species assemblage to primary
forest. However, each habitat harboured a number of unique species indicating
the conservation value of the mosaic of habitats found in fragmented
landscapes. Our results suggest that to maintain forest beetle species
diversity it is essential that areas of natural forest are conserved. However,
other land uses also provide beetle habitats and in fragmented areas active
management to maintain a mosaic of land uses will contribute to the
conservation of beetle diversity.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5611.
Publicación no.: 351 A review of the species of the New World braconid genus
Cyclaulacidea (Hymenoptera) with key and descriptions of nine new species
[Revisión de las especies del Nuevo Mundo del género de bracónidos
Cyclaulacidea (Hymenoptera) con una clave y descripciones de nueve especies] /
Leathers, J.W.; Judd, D.D.; Brower, A.V.Z. (Oregon State University. Department
of Zoology, 3029 Cordley Hal, Corvallis, OR 97331, US <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Journal of Hymenoptera Research (ISSN 1070-9428), v. 14, no. 2, p. 151-176.
2005.
The Neotropical parasitic wasp genus Cyclaulacidea Quicke & Delobel
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) contains two previously described species from Peru
and Brazil that are known to feed on Bruchidae and Curculionidae associated
with palms. An examination of Neotropical braconines from 19 insect collections
reveals that species of Cyclattlacidea are much more widespread. Nine new
species of Cyclaulacidea are described, and an identification key to the eleven
known species is provided. The new species are: C. pottsae from Mexico; C.
adairae, C. hunteri, and C. snyderorum from Costa Rica; C. fergusoni from
Panama; C. picki, C. rominus, and C. sharkeyi from Suriname; and C. riceorum
from Peru and Brazil. The range of C. bruchivorus Quicke is expanded from Peru
to include Brazil, Bolivia, and Suriname, and that of C. matilei Villemant and
Simbolotti is expanded from Brazil to Colombia.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6259.
Publicación no.: 352 Chance, determinism & community structure: an assessment
of ecological neutral theory / Fuller, M.C. (University of New Mexico.
Department of Biology, Albuquerque, NM 87131, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
Albuquerque, N.M.: The University of New Mexico, 2004. 111 pp.
Dissertation, Ph.D., The University of New Mexico, Department of Biology,
Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA).
A fundamental goal of ecology is to understand the forces that cause variation
in the distribution and abundance of species. The neutral theory of
biodiversity and biogeography asserts that within communities, species
originate at random, are ecologically identical, and fluctuate randomly in
abundance (Hubbell 2001). However, competition theory (Volterra 1928; Lotka
1932; May 1971; Connell 1980) and many empirical studies (Gause 1935; May 1974;
Paine 1974; Connell 1983; Schoener 1983; Brown et al. 2001b) indicate that
ecological differences among species influence their ability to coexist. Here,
I evaluated the ability of neutral models to predict the relative abundance of
species in two types of natural communities: Jamaican aquatic invertebrates and
Costa Rican tropical dry forest. In chapter 1, I used a metacommunity of 49
rock pool communities, I compared the observed variation in the abundance of
invertebrate detritivores to that predicted by neutral models parameterized
with the observed metacommunity species proportions. The observed variation in
abundance was much greater than that predicted by neutral models. In addition,
estimates of model parameters, such as migration rate, were sensitive to
variation in the density of predators. In chapters 2 and 3, I constructed
species association networks of tree species that depicted which species
coexisted as close neighbors in the San Emilio forest, Costa Rica. I compared
the observed networks to those constructed using the randomized positionsof
each tree. The observed network structure was frequently significantly
different from that of the randomized communities in two measures of network
topology: the characteristic path length (a measure of the density of network
connections) and the clustering coefficient (a measure of the spatial grouping
of species). Taken together, the results of these studies indicate that neutral
dynamics alone are insufficient to explain the abundance and distribution of
species in communities. However, because neutral models generate null
expectations for species abundance they provide a useful tool for uncovering
the influence of random and non-random processes on community structure.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5590.
Publicación no.: 353 Desarrollo de protocolos de muestreo y evaluación de la
relación de prácticas agrícolas con la población de plagas cuarentenarias en
Dracaena marginata en Costa Rica / Prado-Beltrán, J.K.
Turrialba: CATIE, 2006. 144 pp.
Thesis, Mag. Sc. en Agricultura Ecológica, Centro Agronómico Tropical de
Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba (Costa Rica).
Quarantine regulations for exotic pests found on Dracaena spp. shipments into
United States ports have caused significant economic losses for producers of
ornamental plants. In Costa Rica, the goal of the Clean Stock Program is to
identify the pests associated with Dracaena spp. and to establish different
management plans to reduce their infestation. Producers carry out different
management practices which directly affect the pest populations. The objective
of this study was to establish a guide forthe sampling of the quarantined pests
and to determine the effect of agricultural practices used in the production of
Dracaena marginata var. green, magenta y bi-color on their populations. The
pest that were studied were scales (Homoptera: Coccoidea), snails
(Stylommatophora: Succineidae), katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) and
leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). The results indicate that the pests
appear in an aggregated distribution; therefore a sampling density of 10x10 is
a useful method to detect it in a plantation. The study also found that the
degree of infestation of the quarantined pest in the field differs in regard to
plant parts and position of the leaf on the tips. The middle part of the plant
and the leaves above the cane are the parts that are most affected. The variety
magenta was the least affected by the pests. Fertilization tends to augment
the population of leafhoppers and to reduce the populations of katydids and
scales. The application of insecticides decreases leafhopperpopulations but
increases scale and katydid populations. In cases where the frequency of
weeding increases, katydid populations are amplified and scale and leafhopper
populations are diminished. Katydid and snail populations decrease with regard
to the density of ornamental plants in the plantation, whereas the leafhopper
populations were increased. The level of parasitism on leafhoppers and scales
declines when there is an increase in the application of insecticides,
frequency of weeding and plant density in the plantation.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5361.
Publicación no.: 354 The Mesoamerican Mesorhaga (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with
a taxonomic conspectus of the New World fauna [Las Mesorhaga mesoamericanas
(Diptera: Dolichopodidae), con una sinopsis taxonómica de la fauna del Nuevo
Mundo] / Bickel, D.J. (Australian Museum. Entomology Section, 6 College St.,
Sydney, NSW 2010, AU <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition)), no. 1411, p. 47-67. 2007.
The Mesoamerican Mesorhaga Schiner are revised, illustrated and keyed, and
include twelve species, ten of them newly described: Mesorhaga lacrymans Parent
(Costa Rica and Panama), M. cocori n. sp., M. hule n. sp., M. sarukhani n. sp.,
M. baadsvicki n. sp., M. villanuevi n. sp. (all Costa Rica), M. isthmia n. sp.
(Costa Rica, Panama, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Mexico), M. adunca (Van Duzee)
(Guatemala), M. mexicana n. sp., M. falciunguis n. sp., M. minatitlan n. sp.,
and M. nayaritensis n. sp. (all Mexico). A checklist of the New World Mesorhaga
fauna is provided along with notes on selected species. M. funebris Parent from
the tropical Andes is redescribed and the male postabodomen of M. caudata Van
Duzee from Georgia, U.S.A. is illustrated.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5681.
Publicación no.: 355 Net-winged beetles of the genus Calolycus Gorham, 1881,
with notes on Plateros Bourgeois, 1882 (Coleoptera: Lycidae) [Abejones alas de
red del género Calolycus Gorham, 1881, con apuntes sobre Plateros Bourgeois,
1882 (Coleoptera: Lycidae)] / Kazantsev, S.V. (Donetskaya, 13-326, Moscow
109651, RU).
In: Russian Entomological Journal (ISSN 0132-8069), v. 14, no. 3, p. 203-208.
2005.
Five new species of platerodine netwinged beetles are described from Costa
Rica: Calolycus solisi, C. montiverdensis, C. puntarenensis, Plateros
calanticatoides and P. discolor sp. n. The genus Calolycus is redescribed and
its taxonomic position is discussed. A key to the five known Calolycus species
is provided.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5782.
Publicación no.: 356 Una nueva especie de Connarus (Connaraceae) para Costa
Rica [A new species of Connarus (Connaraceae) from Costa Rica] /
Morales-Quirós, J.F. (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), Apdo.
22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Rodriguésia (ISSN 0370-6583), v. 58, no. 1, p. 45-48. 2007.
Connarus vulcanicus J. F. Morales, a new species endemic to the Cordillera of
Guanacaste in Costa Rica is described and illustrated and its relationship with
G. schultesii Standl. is discussed. A key to the species of the genus Connarus
in Costa Rica is included.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5680.
Publicación no.: 357 Two new genera of oscinelline Chloropidae (Diptera) from
Costa Rica [Dos nuevos géneros de Oscinellinae Chloropidae (Diptera) de Costa
Rica] / Wheeler, T.A. (McGill University. Department of Natural Resource
Sciences, Macdonald Campus, Ste Anne de Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, CA <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5326), no. 1413, p. 47-53. 2007.
Medeventor gen. n. is described for the type species Medeventor nubosus sp.n.
(type locality: Costa Rica: Monteverde). Medeventor is distinguished from other
Oscinellinae on the basis of a large, extensively setulose body, reduced
cephalic and thoracic setae, a broad but weak facial carina and broad rugose
gena. It appears to be most closely related to the Old World genera Lipara
Meigen and Pseudeurina de Meijere. Oscinicita gen. n. is described for the type
species Oscinicita hansoni sp. n. (type locality: Costa Rica: San Pedro de la
Tigra). Oscinicita is distinguished by its minute size, reduced wing venation
and structure of the gena, face and frons. Its phylogenetic placement within
the family is unknown.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5803.
Publicación no.: 358 Studies in the Bromeliaceae, XVI [Estudios en las
Bromeliaceae, XVI] / Smith, L.B. (National Museum of Natural History.
Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, US).
In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium (ISSN 0097-1618),
v. 29, no. 10, p. 429-522. 1951.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: C.
Publicación no.: 359 El género Phillipsia (Ascomycota) en Costa Rica, con una
clave para identificar las especies [The genus Phillipsia (Ascomycota) in Costa
Rica, with a key to identify the species] / Calonge, F.D.; Mata, M.;
Umaña-Tenorio, L.A. (CSIC, Real Jardín Botánico, Plaza Murillo 2, Madrid, ES
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Boletín de la Sociedad Micológica de Madrid (ISSN 0214-140X), v. 30, p.
35-42. 2006.
An up-to-date study of the six species previously published is presented. New
data on their nomenclature, taxonomy, ecology and distribution are added, with
illustrations of the spores as seen under the scanning electron microscope.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11122.
Publicación no.: 360 Adiciones y correcciones al catálogo de Ascomycota (Fungi)
de Costa Rica, con especial referencia al género Scutellinia [Additions and
corrections to the catalogue of Ascomycota (Fungi) from Costa Rica, with
special emphasis on the genus Scutellinia] / Calonge, F.D.; Mata, M.;
Umaña-Tenorio, L.A. (CSIC, Real Jardín Botánico, Plaza Murillo 2, Madrid, ES
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Boletín de la Sociedad Micológica de Madrid (ISSN 0214-140X), v. 30, p.
25-34. 2006.
This paper represents a contribution to the mycoflora of Costa Rica. Fourteen
of the 17 taxa here mentioned or described are new to the Costarican catalogue:
Trichocoma paradoxa, Helvella stevensii, Scutellinia crinita, S. heimii, S.
inexpectata, S. kerguelensis, S. margaritacea, S. nigrohirtula, S. patagonica,
S. pennsylvanica, S. setosa, S. setosissima and S. umbrorum, within which S.
heimii and S. margaritacea are also new to America. The revision of several
type collections from CR has proved that Gyromitra chirripoensis is a synonym
of G. infula, while Helvella didicusana and Morchella herediana remain as
independent species. Thus, the catalogue of species within the genus
Scutellinia increases from 3 to 15.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11121.
Publicación no.: 361 Diatrypales (Ascomycota) de Costa Rica [Diatrypales
(Ascomycota) from Costa Rica] / Chacón, S.; Umaña-Tenorio, L.A. (Instituto de
Ecología, km 2.5 antigua carretera a Coatepe No. 351, Congregación El Haya,
Xalapa, Veracruz, MX <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Revista Mexicana de Micología (ISSN 0187-3180), v. 23, p. 37-47. 2006.
The study of 10 species of Diatrypales collecting from Costa Rica is presented.
Of them, four species are adscribed to genus Eutypella, three belongs to genus
Diatrype, and each ones the genera Diatrypella, Echinomyces and Eutypa. All
species are new records from the country. Descriptions and some data about the
ecology and distribution of the species are including.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11119.
Publicación no.: 362 Aptrootia (Dothideomycetes: Trypetheliaceae), a new genus
of pyrenocarpous lichens for Thelenella terricola / Lücking, R.; Sipman,
H.J.M.; Umaña-Tenorio, L.A.; Chaves-Chaves, J.L.; Lumbsch, H.T. (The Field
Museum. Department of Botany, Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605-2496, US
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: The Lichenologist (ISSN 0024-2829), v, 39, no. 2, p. 187-193. 2007.
The new genus Aptrootia Lücking & Sipman is described for Thelenella terricola,
an enigmatic terricolous and muscicolous, pyrenocarpous taxon known from Papua
New Guinea and Costa Rica, and the new combination Aptrootia terricola
(Aptroot) Lücking, Umaña & Chaves comb. nov. is introduced. Aptrootia is
characterized by completely immersed perithecia with brown-black ostiolar
region, surrounded by a white, cartilaginous thallus resembling that of
Gomphillaceae. The hamathecium is typical of Trypetheliaceae, with thin,
anastomosing paraphysoids embedded in a gelatinous matrix, but the dark brown
ascospores are otherwise unknown within the family. The only known species was
tentatively described in Thelenella, but hamathecium type and molecular data
place Aptrootia within Trypetheliaceae.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5883.
Publicación no.: 363 Three new Neotropical genera of Odiniidae (Diptera:
Acalyptratae) [Tres nuevos géneros neotropicales de Odiniidae (Diptera:
Acalyptratae)] / Gaimari, S.D. (California Department of Food & Agriculture.
California State Collection of Arthropods, Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch, 3294
Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832-1448, US <E-email:
[email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)), no. 1443, p. 1-16. 2007.
Three new genera of Odiniidae (Diptera) are described from Costa Rica,
including Helgreelia gen. nov. (type species, albeto sp. nov.; additional
species, parkeri sp. nov.) and the monotypic genera Neoschildomyia gen. nov.
(type species, fusca sp. nov.) and Pradomyia gen. nov. (type species, hadromera
sp. nov.). A key to the New World genera of the family is provided.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5811.
Publicación no.: 364 The Cyperaceae of Costa Rica [Las Cyperaceae de Costa
Rica] / Clarke, C.B.
In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium (ISSN 0097-1618),
v. 10, no. 6, p. 443-471. 1908.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5818.
Publicación no.: 365 The Lecythidaceae of Costa Rica [Las Lecythidaceae de
Costa Rica] / Pittier-Dormond, H.
In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium (ISSN 0097-1618),
v. 12, no. 2, p. 95-101. 1908.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5821.
Publicación no.: 366 The morphology of the cibarial armature and sensilla of
Mansonia titillans, Psorophora cingulata, Coquillettidia arribalzagae, Culex
coronator and Limatus durhamii (Diptera: Culicidae) [Morfología de la armadura
cibarial y órganos sensoriales de Mansonia titillans, Psorophora cingulata,
Coquillettidia arribalzagae, Culex coronator y Limatus durhamii (Diptera:
Culicidae)] / Boza, S.; Vargas-Vargas, M. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad
de Microbiología, Departamento de Parasitología, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo
Facio, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 54, no. 3, p. 815-820.
2006.
A detailed description of the cibarial armature of the Neotropical mosquitoes
Mansonia titillans, Psorophora cingulata, Coquillettidia arribalzagae, Culex
coronator and Limatus durhamii, is presented. A sample of 15 specimens of each
species was taken from the collections of two mosquito ecological projects
located at Santa Clara, San Carlos, Alajuela and from La Selva, Sarapiquí,
Heredia, Costa Rica. Each specimen, preserved in alcohol, was cleared, put into
a mounting medium, head separated from body and eyes pinched to expose the
cibarial armature and sense organs; finally a coverslip was added for a
permanent slide. The bodies of all the mosquitoes were also mounted onto
slides. The descriptions of the cibarial armatures were based on the
characteristics of the dome, body, transversal bar, lateral flanges and
cibarial teeth. Also the number, distribution and type of the sense organs are
given. From the analysis, and comparison with known descriptions of other
neotropical species, we conclude that the five species studied show enough
characteristics for species recognition purposes.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R; NBINA-5848.
Publicación no.: 367 Composición de especies y diversidad de peces en un cuerpo
de agua temporal en el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Costa
Rica [Species richness and diversity of a fish community in a temporal water
body at Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge, Costa Rica] / Sáenz-Sánchez, I.;
Protti-Quesada, M.; Cabrera-Peña, J. (Universidad Nacional, Heredia. Escuela de
Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Recursos Naturales y Vida Silvestre,
86-3000 Heredia, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 54, no. 2, p. 639-645.
2006.
We evaluated fish community, species richness and diversity in a temporal water
body of Río Frío, Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge. These evaluations were
done for three categories of water levels: low (below 1.5 m), intermediate
(between 1.5 and 3.0 m) and high (deeper than 3 m). A total of 10 264
individuals were collected (nine families, 18 genera and 21 species). The most
abundant species were Poecilia gillii (37%) and Astyanax aeneus (19%) and the
least abundant were Ophisternon aenigmaticum(0.06%) and Rhamdia nicaraguensis
(0.05%). The highest values in diversity (H?= 2.07), in the inverse of the
Simpson index (1/D=6.2) and of the Berger-Parker (1/d= 4.2), were recorded in
the deepest water category. Diversity differed clearly among water levels
(p0.001). The high and intermediate categories were the most similar
(conglomerate analysis: 72.9%). Out of the 21 species captured, only O.
aenigmaticum constitutes a new record for the ichthyofauna of Río Frío in the
Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge. The temporal water body of the Río Frío,
considered in this study in the Playuela sector of Caño Negro National Wildlife
Refuge is a nonhomogeneous ichthyological system.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R; NBINA-5856.
Publicación no.: 368 Ultrastructure of the wild rice Oryza grandiglumis
(Gramineae) in Costa Rica [Ultrastructura del arroz silvestre Oryza
grandiglumis (Gramineae) en Costa Rica] / Sánchez-Chacón, E.; Quesada-Vargas,
T.; Espinoza-Esquivel, A.M. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigación
en Estructuras Microscópicas, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Revista de Biología Tropical (ISSN 0034-7744), v. 54, no. 2, p. 377-385.
2006.
Oryza grandiglumis is a wild species of rice endemic to tropical America. This
species was first found in 1998 in the wetlands of Caño Negro, located in the
northern part of Costa Rica. Twenty five plants of O. grandiglumis were
processed for scanning electron microscope. An ultrastructural description of
the leaf blade, ligule, auricles, spikelet and caryopsis, with an emphasis on
structures of taxonomic value. The leaf blade has a characteristic cuticular
wax pattern, composed of dense rod-like structures, and is surrounded by
papillae, zipper- like silica cells, abundant bulky prickle trichomes, and
hooked trichomes. The blade's edge has three rows of hooked prickle trichomes
of various sizes. The auricles wrapped the culm, with long attenuated trichomes
at the edges; the base was surrounded by oblong cells. The ligule is a blunt
membrane covered by short prickle trichomes. Spikelet morphology is
characteristic of the Poaceae family, but the sterile lemmas were nearly as
long as the fertile lemmas, and they have an unique crown-like structure of
lignified spines between the rachilla and the fertile lemmas. Comparison with
Brazilian specimens of O. grandiglumis revealed little differences in the
ultrastructural characteristics.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: R. NBINA-5858.
Publicación no.: 369 New species and synonymies of the genus Nacaeus
Blackwelder, 1942 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Osoriinae) from the Neotropical
region [Nuevas especies y sinonimias del género Nacaeus Blackwelder, 1942
(Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Osoriinae) de la región Neotropical] / Irmler, U.
(Christian-Albrechts Universität. Ecology Centre, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098
Kiel, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny (ISSN 1863-7221), v. 64, no. 2, p.
205-216. 2006.
Four new species of the genus Nacaeus (Staphylinidae: Osoriinae) are described
from Central and South America: N. collinatus, N. colombinellus, N. honduranus
and N. flavoelytratus. Another species, N. americanus, is redescribed and
transferred from the genus Lispinodes to Nacaeus. A rough overview to three
species groups is given and the newly described species are compared in detail
with similar species. N. nevermanni (Bernhauer, 1942) is synonymised to N.
spegazzini (Bernhauer, 1933) and new records of the species are published.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5922.
Publicación no.: 370 Evaluación del hábitat para la danta centroamericana
(Tapirus bairdii) en la Zona Norte de Costa Rica [Evaluation of the habitat of
the Central American tapir (Tapirus bairdii) in the northern zone of Costa
Rica] / Chassot, O.; Monge-Arias, G.; Jiménez, V. (Centro Científico Tropical.
Proyecto de Investigación y Conservación de la Lapa Verde (Ara ambigua),
Corredor Biológico San Juan-La Selva, Apdo. 8-3870, 1000 San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Tapir Conservation (ISSN 1813-2286), v. 15, no. 2, p. 17-23. 2006.
Baird's Tapir (Tapirus bairdii) survives in the San Juan-La Selva Biological
Corridor, a mosaic of fragmented forest habitats that maintain the ecological
connectivity between the lowland rain forest ecosystem of Southeastern
Nicaragua and Northern Costa Rica with Costa Rican montane forests. This
corridor totals more than one million hectares of protected areas in different
degrees of conservation. Evidence of tapir presence in the corridor has been
observed during the last eight years, but the status of this species in the
area remains largely unknown, leading us to conduct a habitat viability
assessment based on our knowledge of the area and on information about Baird's
Tapir in similar ecosystems. We used GIS data, measuring seven ecological
parameters that allowed us to characterize the availability of habitat for
Baird's Tapir in the San Juan-La Selva Biological Corridor. We estimated the
number of tapirs to range from 69 to 208 individuals. Our methods exemplify an
inexpensive means to assess Tapir's habitat viability where there is
substantial and reliable georeferenced data about the ecosystems present in the
study area.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5964.
Publicación no.: 371 Temperature variation in nests of Caiman crocodilus
(Crocodylia: Alligatoridae) [Variación de la temperatura en nidos de Caiman
crocodilus (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae)] / Escobedo-Galván, A.H. (Julio
Cervantes 61, Col. San Lorenzo, Oriente, C.P. 25060, Saltillo, Coahuila, MX
<E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Acta Herpetologica (ISSN 1827-9643 (online)), v. 1, no. 2, p. 131-134.
2006.
Caiman crocodilus is a widely distributed species in the Neotropics; however,
studies of incubation temperatures in wildlife are uncommon. Incubation
temperatures in four nests of Caiman crocodilus were measured with a digital
thermometer, in the National Wildlife Refuge Caño Negro, Costa Rica. Average
temperatures in these four nests (no. 1-4) were 32.13 ± 0.92 °C [degree]C (no.
1), 32.46 ± 0.77 °C (no. 2), 33.60 ± 0.95 °C (no. 3), and 31.78 ± 2.30 °C (no.
4). Temperature variations recorded showed higher temperatures than those
reported from other studies in Caño Negro. The temperatures registered in this
study will lead to a higher proportion of males within the caiman population,
reducing the number of future reproducing females and, thereforein the
population viability.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NUMERAR296libre.
Publicación no.: 372 Studies on Lactarius: Two new records from Costa Rica and
additional information from Mexico [Estudios sobre Lactarius: Dos nuevos
registros de Costa Rica e información adicional de México] / Montoya, L.;
Bandala, V.M.; Mata, M. (Instituto de Ecología. División de Sistemática, Apdo.
Postal 63, Xalapa, Veracruz 91000, MX <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Mycotaxon (ISSN 0093-4666), v. 99, p. 279-290. 2007.
Lactarius luteolus and L. verae-crucis are recorded from Costa Rica for the
first time. New collections from Veracruz and Guerrero expand their known
distribution ranges. Studies on fresh basidiomes of L. luteolus recorded
throughout 2002-2005 from a monitored plot in a protected mesophytic forest in
Veracruz, Mexico, revealed additional data on its morphology, phenology, and
ecological association with Carpinus caroliniana. Descriptions, coupled with
illustrations of macro- and micromorphological features and discussions of both
taxa, are presented based on Costa Rican and Mexican specimens.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6248.
Publicación no.: 373 Manejo de Sigatoka negra (Mycosphaerella fijiensis var.
difformis Morelet) en plátano cv. "Curarré" en San Carlos, Zona Norte /
Muñoz-Ruiz, C.; Vargas-Jarquín, E. (Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica,
Apartado 223, Ciudad Quesada, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
evargas@itcr. ac.cr>).
In: Tecnología en Marcha (ISSN 0379-3982), v. 18, no. 3, p. 38-52. 2006.
Se evaluaron los diferentes productos químicos, utilizados en el control de
Sigatoka negra en banano, en el cultivo de plátano, en la zona de Santa Clara
de San Carlos. Uno de los principales objetivos fue generar un programa de
manejo químico de la enfermedad para la zona de San Carlos, posible de ser
transferido a otras zonas plataneras del país; el otro objetivo fue establecer
las bases para automatizar las actividades culturales de manejo de plantaciones
de musáceas, mediante la creación de un Software para computadora y asequible
por internet. Para el primer objetivo, se logró establecer que genéticamente el
plátano es más resistente a la enfermedad y, por ser un cultivo donde hasta el
momento, no se ha sobrepasado el uso de funguicidas como sucede en el banano,
se pueden utilizar sin problema los productos protectantes mas comunes, como el
Vondozeb y el Ridodur, tanto en aceite como en agua, así como el aceite puro a
7 litros/ha, presentando un efecto aceptable en el control de la infección de
Mycospharella. Los productos sistémicos utilizados mostraron su eficiencia
aunque, por su costo, no se sugiere su uso en plátano, solo para casos de
emergencia. La mezcla de protectantes con sistémicos y aceite (cocteles), se
consideran muy efectivos pero innecesarios para ser utilizados en plátano en
forma comercial. Para esta evaluación se hicieron 35 aplicaciones o semanas de
evaluación, en dos periodos climatológicos (verano e invierno) de enero a
septiembre del 2001, combinadas con las prácticasculturales tradicionales de
deshoja, deshija, fertilización, y el monitoreo, utilizando la escala de signos
visuales de 6 puntos de Stover y el método francés. Se evaluaron las variables:
Hojas por planta (H/P), Hoja mas joven enferma (HMJE) y Porcentajeponderado de
infección (PPI), para cada tipo de grupo químico evaluado. La variable H/P, en
la mayoría de los grupos se inició con un mínimo de 3 hojas hasta un máximo de
14 hojas sanas o partes de ella a cosecha, la HMJE, en la mayoría de los
tratamientos se inició en la hoja número 3 y el PPI, en todos los tratamientos
se inició con un mínimo de 0,10 a un máximo de 2,1%. En los testigos los
valores para las variables evaluadas fue de 3 a 9 hojas por planta, hoja más
joven enferma la número 2 y el porcentaje de infección varió entre 0,3 a 2,6%.
Estos valores del PPI, en todos los tratamientos, son equivalentes al grado 2
de la escala de Stover (menores al 5%). Se utilizó un diseño experimental de
Bloques Completamente al Azar (BCA), con tres repeticiones. Se utilizaron las
comparaciones por contrastes ortogonales para evaluar los productos químicos,
utilizados en el combate de la sigatoka negra. Para el segundo objetivo, se
creó un Software, que se denominó ?SiMu? y permitirá generar ayuda técnica para
el usuario, en la mayoría de las labores de manejo de plantaciones comerciales
de banano y plátano, este programa es de fácil utilización y de acceso por
internet.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-5899.
Publicación no.: 374 A taxonomic review of the genus Azteca (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae) in Costa Rica and a global revision of the aurita group [Revisión
taxonómica del género Azteca (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en Costa Rica y una
revisión global del grupo aurita] / Longino, J.T. (The Evergreen State College,
Olympia, WA 98505, US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)), no. 1491, p. 1-63. 2007.
The genus Azteca is endemic to the American tropics, where they are abundant
arboreal ants. The taxonomy and natural history of the Costa Rican fauna is
reviewed, and the A. aurita group is recognized and revised globally. The
following synonymies are proposed: A. laticeps Forel under A. chartifex Forel;
A. championi Forel, A. eiseni Pergande, A. raptrix Forel, A. ursina Forel, and
A. xysticola Forel under A. forelii Emery; A. rossi and A. surubrensis Forel
under A. gnava Forel; A. major Forel under A. instabilis (F. Smith); A. prorsa
Wheeler under A. longiceps Emery; A. patruelis Forel under A. pittieri Forel;
A. nigriventris Forel and A. rectinota Forel under A. velox Forel; A. silvae
Forel under A. aurita Emery; A. pruinosa Mann under A. lallemandi Forel; A.
lacrymosa Forel under A. pilosula Forel; A. fiebrigi Forel, A. clariceps
Santschi, and A. pallida Stitz under A. schimperi Emery; A. columbica Forel
under A. jelskii Emery; A. mexicana Emery under A. sericea (Mayr). Azteca velox
nigra Forel is raised to species. Azteca aurita pilosula is removed from
synonymy and raised to species. The following new species are described: A.
sericeasur, A. flavigaster, A. oecocordia, A. nanogyna, and A. quadraticeps.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6043.
Publicación no.: 375 Atta-Studien (Hym. Formicidae) [Estudios de Atta (Hym.
Formicidae)] / Borgmeier, T. (Convento Santo Antônio, Largo da Carioca, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, BR).
In: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (ISSN 0074-0276), v. 48, p. 265-292.
1950.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6070.
Publicación no.: 376 A first assessment of the Ticolichen biodiversity
inventory in Costa Rica: the genus Coccocarpia (Peltigerales: Coccocarpiaceae)
[Una primera valoración del inventario de biodiversidad de los ticolíquenes en
Costa Rica: el género Coccocarpia (Peltigerales: Coccocarpiaceae)] / Lücking,
R.; Aptroot, A.; Chaves-Chaves, J.L.; Sipman, H.J.M.; Umaña-Tenorio, L.A. (The
Field Museum. Department of Botany, Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605-2496,
US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: The Lichenologist (ISSN 0024-2829), v. 95, p. 429-457. 2007.
The genus Coccocarpia is treated as part of the ongoing TICOLICHEN biodiversity
inventory in Costa Rica, including a thorough revision of all the material
reported by Dodge and held at the Farlow Herbarium (FH). Eighteen species are
distinguished, among which four taxa are described as new: Coccocarpia
gallaicoi Lücking, Chaves & Umaña (with the non-isidiate counterpart C. aff.
gallaicoi), C. microphyllina Lücking & Aptroot (phyllidiate relative of C.
epiphylla), C. neglecta Aptroot & Lücking (differing from C. domingensis by its
squamiform isidia), and C. prostrata Lücking, Aptroot & Sipman (related to C.
stellata but with ascending, fruticulose secondary lobes). The name C.
guimarana (Vain.) Swinscow & Krog is reinstated for a species with
narrowisidiate lobes. Two further, possibly undescribed species are tentatively
identified as C. aff. gallaicoi Lücking, Chaves & Umaña and C. aff.
imbricascens Nyl. Six taxa, viz. Coccocarpia adnata Arv., C. dissecta Swinscow
& Krog, C. epiphylla (Fée) Kremp., C. fliformis Arv., C. glaucina Kremp., and
C. tenuissima Tuck., are reported for the first time from Costa Rica.
Coccocarpia adnata and C. glaucina are also new records for the Neotropics, and
C. filiformis is new to Central America. Analysis of the available material
shows ecological differentiation between species: Coccocarpia erythroxyli and
C. palmicola have a wide ecological amplitude, being found from (semi-) arid to
perhumid situations and from sea level to the subparamo zone at 3500 m, while
Coccocarpia dissecta is mostly a lowland species typical of (semi-)arid to
humid climates. The other taxa are confined to humid climates; while C.
guimarana, C. glaucina, C. neglecta, and C. tenuissima seem to prefer lowland
to submontane zones, the remaining species are chiefly montane, with C.
domingensis, C. fliformis, C. pellita and C. prostrata reaching the subparamo
zone. Coccocarpia as a whole is most abundant and most diverse in humid to
perhumid, lower montane to montane situations, and the species generally prefer
semi-exposed to exposed (micro-)habitats.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: S11127. NBINA-6431.
Publicación no.: 377 Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in
bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) including 22 new species [Copestylum neotropicales
(Diptera, Syrphidae) que se reproducen en las bromelias (Bromeliaceae)
incluyendo 22 nuevas especies] / Rotheray, G.E.; Hancock, E.G.; Marcos-García,
M.A. (National Museums of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh EH1 1JF, GB
<E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (ISSN 0024-4082), v. 150, no. 2,
p.267-317. 2007.
Twenty-three species of Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) were reared from
Bolivia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, and Trinidad from 1998 to 2004.
Twenty-two were new species. We describe these new species, their breeding
sites, and the third stage larva and/or the puparium of all 23 species. Adults
had species-specific head shapes and colour patterns, but similarities between
14 of the species enabled two groups and three subgroups to be recognized.
Nonetheless, the high level of morphological disparity suggests independent
colonizations of bromeliads. Adult colour patterns appear to be predominantly
cryptic in function and based on reflectiveness derived from matt to shiny
integumental ground colours, combined with overlying areas of variously
colouredhairs, dust, and pruinosity. In addition, disruptive spots, bands, and
vittae occur on the face, thoracic pleurites, and second tergite. Larvae were
saprophagous in either live or dead bromeliads with no overlap between
categories.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6444.
Publicación no.: 378 Revision of the New World Heteromeringia (Diptera:
Clusiidae: Clusiodinae) [Revisión de las Heteromeringia (Diptera: Clusiidae:
Clusiodinae) del Nuevo Mundo] / Lonsdale, O.; Marshall, S.A. (University of
Guelph. Department of Environmental Biology, Insect Systemactics Laboratory,
Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, CA <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Beiträge zur Entomologie / Contributions to Entomology (ISSN 0005-805X), v.
57, no. 1, p. 37-80. 2007.
The 18 New World species of Heteromeringia CZERNY, 1903 are revised, with 10
species described as new: H. apholis sp. n. (Mexico), H. aphotisma sp. n.
(Brazil), H. decora sp. n. (Mexico), H. lateralis sp. n. (Costa Rica), H.
mediana sp. n. (Brazil), H. nanella sp. n. (Brazil), H. nervosa sp. n. (Costa
Rica), H. quadriseta sp. n. (Ecuador, Peru), H. volcana sp. n. (Costa Rica) and
H. zophina sp. n. (Mexico). The Nearctic H. nitida nigripes MELANDER & ARGO,
1924 is raised from subspecies to species. The H. nitida species group and the
H. czernyi species group are erected, and species relationships are discussed
for the latter (entirely neotropical) group. Sobarocephala subfasciata CURRAN,
1939 is included as a junior synonym of H. czernyi KERTESZ, 1903.
Heteromeringia dimidiata HENNIG, 1938 is moved to Sobarocephala CZERNY, 1903
comb. n. Heteromeringia tephrinos nomen n. is provided as a replacement name
for the Afrotropical H. nigrifrons LAMB, 1914, which is a junior primary
homonym of H. nigrifrons KERTESZ, 1903. The biology of Heteromeringia is
discussed, and a key is provided for all New World species. Agonistic
interactions are described for this genus for the first time, with H. nitida
JOHNSON, 1913 males recorded as using bicoloured forelegsto defend mating
territories.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6427.
Publicación no.: 379 Naturally acquired yellow fever in wild monkeys of Costa
Rica [Fiebre amarilla adquirida naturalmente en monos silvestres de Costa Rica]
/ Vargas-Méndez, O.; Elton, N.W.
In: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ISSN 0002-9637), v.
2, no. 5, p. 850-863. 1953.
The acquisition of liver specimens for histopathologic examination from monkeys
during the activity of the current epizootic of yellow fever in Costa Rica has
demonstrated that the progress of a wave of the sylvan (jungle) form of the
disease can be traced in this manner as well as by similar studies on human
fatal ities. Out of 35 specimens obtained in Costa Rica, 24 are considered to
exhibit the typical liver lesion. It was possible to secure satisfactory
specimens in only about 10 per cent of theinvestigations of the reports of the
presence of dead monkeys in the localities involved. An analysis of this
experience will be applied to the formulation of a project designed to attempt
to check the movement of the wave in the vicinity of La Ceiba, Honduras, in
order to prevent involvement of northern Guatemala and Yucatan. The
histopathologic features of yellow fever in the livers and kidneys of the
arboreal primates closely parallel those found in man. The Councilman necrosis
in the liver, as well as the heme casts, basophilic concretions and colloid
material ("lime casts") in the kidney tubules are highly resistant to
postmortem autolysis. Intranuclear acidophilic inclusions (Torres bodies) were
found in a large percentage of the monkey livers, and an evaluation of their
diagnostic significance is now in progress.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6140.
Publicación no.: 380 Tropical and subtropical velvet ants of the genus
Dasymutilla Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) with descriptions of 45 new
species [Mutílidos tropicales y subtropicales del género Dasymutilla Ashmead
(Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) con descripciones de 45 nuevas especies] / Manley,
D.G.; Pitts, J.P. (Clemson University. Department of Entomology, Soils & Plant
Sciences, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, 2200 Pocket Road, Florence, SC
29506, US <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 (online)), no. 1487, p. 1-128. 2007.
This study nearly doubles the number of recognized species and subspecies of
Neotropical Dasymutilla (from 76 to 139). We include descriptions of 45 new
species (21 from the female only, 23 from the male only, and one from both
sexes), descriptions of the previously unknown males of D. pulchra (Smith 1855)
and D. scaber (Fox 1894), and six new synonymies. New species are: D. argentea,
D. atrata, D. baleygi, D. batui, D. bellatrix, D. bimaculata, D. boharti, D.
brazilia, D. buenavista, D. campogrande, D. chalcocephala, D. chamela, D.
chilcotti, D. chionothrix, D. cirrhomeris, D. citromaculosa, D. concordia, D.
fimbriata, D. griswoldi, D. guanacaste, D. impressa, D. ionothorax, D. leve, D.
loreto, D. mazatlanorum, D. mirabilis, D. mirapenis, D. modgudi, D. monstrosa,
D. naranjo, D. niphopilis, D. nocticaro, D. parkerorum, D. rufipilis, D.
sinaloa, D. sleipniri, D. spilota, D. spiniscapula, D. tomasi, D. truxali, D.
twegeni, D. veracruz, D. wasbaueri, D. whartoni, and D. zoster. New synonymies
are: D.fulgida Mickel 1928 and D. pallida Mickel 1937 under D. erythrina (Say
1836); D. atrifulva Mickel 1928 under D. nogalensis Mickel 1928; D. gaumeri
Mickel 1937 under D. ocyrae (Cameron 1895); D. cobira (Cameron 1895) under D.
proclea (Cameron 1895); D. ariadne (Blake 1871) and D. solola (Blake 1871)
under D. toluca (Blake 1871); and D. bosquensis Rohwer 1912, D. columbiana
Mickel 1928, D. errans (Blake 1871), D. sappho (Fox 1899) and D. texensis
Rohwer 1912 under D. vesta (Cresson 1865). We also provide the first taxonomic
key for the species of Neotropical Dasymutilla.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6089.
Publicación no.: 381 The Conopidae of Costa Rica (Diptera) (Part 1: Conopinae Conopini & Tropidomyiini) [Los Conopidae de Costa Rica (Diptera) (Parte 1:
Conopinae - Conopini & Tropidomyiini)] / Stuke, J.H.; Skevington, J.H.
(Brunnenstraße 28, 26789 Leer, DE <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 (online)), no. 1528, p. 1-40. 2007.
The first part of a Conopid faunal review for Costa Rica presents data for 25
species from the Conopinae (tribes Tropidomyiini and Conopini). Two hundred and
eighty-five specimens have been examined and identified. Physocephala herrerai
spec. nov. and Physoconops zumbadoi spec. nov. are new to science. Sixteen
species are reported the first time for the country. We introduce the following
taxonomic changes: Physoconops (Gyroconops) ocellatus (Giglio-Tos, 1892) is a
valid species [status rev.]; Physoconops rufipennis (Macquart, 1844) belongs to
the subgenus Pachyconops Camras, 1955 [status rev.]; Physoconops gracilianus
Camras, 1955 is a junior synonym of Physoconops pallifrons (Coquillett, 1904)
[syn. nov.]. Keys for the species of the genera Physocephala Schiner, 1861 and
Physoconops Szilady, 1926 are presented. Most species are illustrated with
photo plates.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6513.
Publicación no.: 382 Breve historia de la espeleología costarricense /
Goicoechea, C. (P.O. Box 4729-1000, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Espeleo Informe Costa Rica, v. 1, no. 1, p. 5-8. 2007.
Iniciamos este breve repaso del desarrollo de la espeleología en Costa Rica con
las "andanzas" del aventurero inglés John Cockburn, a quien por ahí del Siglo
XVI ubicamos en "algún sitio del Golfo de Nicoya", en la costa del Oceáno
Pacífico costarricense. Cockburn necesitaba volver a Panamá para re-embarcarse
hacia Inglaterra. Por lo tanto, contrató a algunos indígenas para que lo
llevaran por vía marítima desde Nicoya a un punto no especificado de la costa
Pacífico Central "tica", desde donde seguiría a pie. El viaje lo hizo en una
canoa, y en su camino los indígenas lo convencieron de cruzar a través de un
túnel de roca bajo una isla, cuya longitud describe 2como de una legua" (¡por
ahí de 4,5 km!). La descripción que hace de esta navegación subterránea es tan
vívida que no cabe duda que la efectuó (excepto por la longitud), y esto lo
convierte en el primero en hacer espeleología en nuestro país. En el año 1902,
en su obra "Diccionario Geográfico de Costa Rica", Félix Noriega menciona las
simas de Barra Honda de Nicoya, afirmando a la vez que "se abren en roca
caliza, pero que son cráteres volcánicos" (esta dualidad incompatible se
mantiene por muchos años). En 1912 un maestro de escuela, el Sr. Lucas Raúl
Chacón, viajó en compañía de algunos alumnos al sector de Llano Bonito y
Cangrejal de Acosta, y penetraron a una gruta calcárea, que describe como
"sumamente adornada". Lo curioso del caso es que en el año 2004 miembros del
GEA (Grupo Espeleológico Anthros) viajaron a la zona, con la intención de
averiguar "algo" sobre ella, y a la primera persona que se le preguntó no sólo
sabía de la gruta, sino que nos llevó a ella. ¡Esto 82 años después! En 1912,
otro maestro de escuela, don Alejandro Porras sube a caballo al cerro Barra
Honda, y en dicho viaje le muestran por lo menos 5 aberturas, 4 de ellas
verticales, otra inclinada, pero se limita a describirlas, sin ingresar a
ellas. Una de ellas la señala como "cráter volcánico, con olor a azufre",
cuando en realidad se trata del olor del guano de los murciélagos. Creemos que
se trataba del (hoy) "Pozo Hediondo", de 62 m; con sólo su nombre, es fácil
relacionarlo con dicha narración. En una publicación del extinto periódico
Excelsior se menciona que, por ahí de 1932, el señor Lael Herrera penetró
algunos metros en la Caverna de Venado, ya que estando de cacería los perros
acorralaron una presa que se refugió adentro. La siguiente cita confirmada nos
traslada al año 1960, cuando el espeleólogo francés Robert Vergnes, acompañado
por el periodista Yehudy Monestel Arce, se traslada a la Caverna de Venado,
donde exploró sólo 330 m. Monestel le mencionó a Vergnes las simas de Barra
Honda, pero él prefirió probar suerte en Venado. Otro que como "actividad
paralela" practicó algo de espeleología lo fueel periodista Miguel Salguero
(Miguel Zúñiga), cuando visitó las cavernas de Mal País de Cóbano. Años después
también penetró a la Caverna de Venado, y luego a una de las simas de Barra
Honda. En 1967 llegó a Costa Rica Julián González Mateos, del Grupo
Espeleológico Badalona (GEB), quién rápidamente entusiasmó a varios miembros
del Club de Montañeros de Costa Rica (CMCR), y en Septiembre de 1967 se hizo el
primer descenso oficial en Barra Honda, al "Pozo Ciento Diez", según la
profundidad que se estimóen esa fecha (rectificada a -98m. en 1991). Como
consecuencia de esa actividad, unos meses luego se constituyó el Grupo
Espeleológico (GE) del CMCR, la primera organización dedicada a la actividad
espeleológica en Costa Rica. Este Grupo continuó con intensa actividad espeleo
(concentrada más que nada en Barra Honda) hasta finales de 1971, cuando se
disolvió. En 1972 la Cave Research Foundation (CRF), a instancias del Servicio
de Parques Nacionales (SPN), realizó exploraciones profesionales en Barra
Honda. En 1974, esta investigación, aunada a los trabajos del GE, rindió como
fruto la declaratoria del cerro Barra Honda y sus vecinos inmediatos como
Parque Nacional. En 1982 la National Speleological Society (NSS), por su
cuenta, montó una gran expedicióncentrada en explorar el karst de Barra Honda,
mapeando la mayoría de las simas, y corrigiendo algunos planos anteriores del
GE. En 1985 varias personas que habían integrado el GE CMCR. se volvieron a
reunir y formaron la Asociación Espeleológica Costarricense (AEC), la cual de
nuevo se concentró en las exploraciones en Barra Honda, aunque a partir de 1985
y por unos 3 años realizaron incursiones en la Zona Sur de Costa Rica. En la
actualidad esta organización se encuentra muy poco activa. En 1987 la AEC se
puso en contacto con la National Speleological Society, y se inició un programa
de exploraciones por 5 años, enfocado a la Zona Sur, que produjo magníficos
resultados, aunque la AEC se apartó del Proyecto en 1988. En 1987 la AEC
participó en un Congreso Mundial de Espeleología en Suiza, durante el cual se
gestionó la visita del biólogo suizo Pierre Strinati, quien realizó
investigaciones en Venado y la Zona Sur. En ese mismo año también exploraron
las cavernas y simas de la Zona Sur miembros del Gruppo Grotte Carlo Debeljak,
de Trieste, Italia, con excelentes resultados. En 1991 se produjo la visita de
4 espeleólogos de la Société Suisse d'Speléologie (SSS), quienes realizaron
exploraciones en 2 nuevos sectores de la Zona Sur: Barranquilla de AguaBuena y
Fila Zapote, aunque por 3 días viajaron a Barra Honda, para hacer un precioso
plano del Sistema Santa Ana- 110. También en 1991 la NSS efectuó su última
visita a Costa Rica, terminando detalles en la Zona Sur, viajando luego a
Venado de San Carlos. En 1995 Carlos Goicoechea logró entusiasmar a un grupo de
jóvenes universitarios josefinos, y se inicia un plan de visitas a cavernas de
la Zona Sur, Barra Honda, Venado y otros sitios, que al poco tiempo rinde como
fruto la creación del Grupo Espeleológico Anthros (GEA), que se dedica con
ahínco al estudio y la investigación sistemática del fenómeno kárstico en Costa
Rica y algunos países centroamericanos. Adicionalmente es el GEA quien mantiene
el Registro Kárstico Nacional (RKN). ¡Pero ésa es otra historia!
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6512.
Anthros.
Publicación no.: 383 Aves acuáticas y humedales de Costa Rica: estado de
conservación / Alvarado-Quesada, G.M. (Museo Nacional de Costa Rica.
Departamento de Historia Natural, Apdo. Postal 749-1000, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
San José: Museo Nacional de Costa Rica, 2006. 77 p.
Se presentan los resultados de una investigación bibliográfica y datos de campo
sobre las aves acuáticas en Costa Rica: su diversidad, distribución,
principales colonias de anidación, sitios de invernar, así como la
identificación de las especies amenazadas a nivel global, regional nacional.
Esta investigación constituye un aporte a las acciones del Consejo
Internacional para la Protección de las Aves Acuáticas en su esfuerzo por
conservar las aves acuáticas en las Américas. La avifauna acuática de Costa
Rica está compuesta por 165 especies que pertenecen a 24 familias representan
un 19,4% de la avifauna total de Costa Rica. De este total, 60.0% de las aves
son migratorias, 33.0% residentes reproductoras y 7.0% mantienen poblaciones
tanto residentes como migratorias. Costa Rica posee más de 350 humedales,
siendo Tortuguero, Palo Verde, Isla del Coco y Caño Negro los más importantes
como sitios de invernar, sitios de parada durante las migraciones y sitios de
anidación. En general, las aves acuáticas usan humedales en tierras bajas de
las vertientes pacífica, atlántica y norte, y en menor grado algunos humedales
en regiones montañosas del interior del país. Varias islas, sobre todo en la
costa pacífica son de importancia como sitios de anidación para especies
coloniales: Bolaños, Guayabo, Pájaros, Islotes de Manuel Antonio, y en el
Atlántico, Uvita. Los petreles Pterodroma phaeopygia, P. hasitata, Procellaria
parkinsoni y la pardela Puffinus creatopus se encuentran amenazados en nivel
global (UINC). En nivel regional 12 especies son consideradas de interés para
la conservación de acuerdo al Plan de Conservación de las Aves en Norte
América. Cinco especies se encuentran amenazadas de extinción en nivel
nacional: el jabirú, Jabiru mycteria, con cerca de ocho parejas; la espátula
rosada, Platalea ajaja, con aprox. 1000 parejas; el piche, D. bicolor, con 50
parejas; la garza del sol, Eurypyga helias, con aprox. 500 parejas y el pato
candil, Heliornis fulica, con cerca de 75 a 100 parejas. El piche,Dendrocygna
viduata, se cree está extinto.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6429.
Publicación no.: 384 Description of horseflies from Middle America. II
[Descripción de tábanos de Centroamérica. II] / Hine, J.S. (Ohio State
University. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Columbus, OH, US).
In: The Ohio Journal of Science (ISSN 0030-0950), v. 20, no. 8, p. 311-319.
1920.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6380.
Publicación no.: 385 The North American species of Tabanus with a uniform
middorsal stripe [Las especies norteamericanas de Tabanus con una franja
mediodorsal uniforme] / Hine, J.S. (Ohio State University. Department of
Zoology and Entomology, Columbus, OH, US).
In: The Ohio Naturalist, v. 7, no. 2, p. 19-28. 1906.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6377.
Publicación no.: 386 Ipecacuana. un producto no maderable cultivado bajo el
bosque en Costa Ri ca. 1980-200 [Ipecac. A non-woody product grown under the
forest in Costa Rica. 1980-2000] / Ocampo-Sánchez, R.A. (Jardín Agroecológico
Bougainvillea, S.A., Baltimore de Matina, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Costarricense (ISSN 0377-9424), v. 31, no. 1, p. 113-119. 2007.
Ipecac or "raicilla" is a plant native of tropical America; it is the only
medicinal plant grown under the forest of the humid tropics of Costa Rica.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, ipecac's dry root has been
commercialized in Costa Rica as prime matter for the international
pharmaceutical industry. According to official statistics, exports from Costa
Rica, in the last 20 years, had been in average of 64 t year-¹. The present
work summarizes activities related to the description and cultivation practices
of this plant, as well as some of the crop´s agroecological aspects.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6673.
Publicación no.: 387 Composición nutricional y características fermentativas
del ensilaje de maní forrajero [Nutritive value and fermentative
characteristics of perennial peanut silage] / WingChing-Jones, R.;
Rojas-Bourrillón, A. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigaciones en
Nutrición Animal y Escuela de Zootecnia, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Agronomía Costarricense (ISSN 0377-9424), v. 30, no. 1, p. 87-100. 2006.
. Using the micro-silo technique, the effects of cutting frequency (8 and 12
weeks), of partial dehydratation (wilting or not) and of molasses addition (0,
3 and 6%) on fermentative characteristics and nutritive value of silage of 2
ecotypes of perennial peanut (CIAT 17434 and CIAT 18744), were studied.
Molasses were applied on previously chopped wilted and unwilted perennial
peanut, for a total of 24 treatments, with 5 replicates. Silos were opened 45
days after preparation. The dry matter content was significantly affected by
cutting frequency, wilting and molasses addition, but not by ecotype (p=0.08).
Crude protein content was affected only by ecotype and cutting frequency
(p0.0001). The cell wall contents and acid-detergent fiber were
affectedsignificantly by all four main effects. The pH value and the
concentration of acetic, butyric and lactic acid varied significantly in
response to the addition of molasses and wilting, but were not affected by
cutting frequency, and ecotype. The silage buffering capacity was affected by
the main effects (p0.0001); the nitrogen ammonia content was affected by
molasses content, cutting frequency and ecotype, but wilting did not have
effect (p0.621). The silage with the best nutritive value parameter and
fermentative pattern was from ecotype 17434, cut at 8 weeks, without wilting
and with the application of 6% molasses.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6667.
Publicación no.: 388 A revision of the neotropical genus Metamasius
(Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Rhynchophorinae): Species groups I and II [Revisión
del género neotropical genus Metamasius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae,
Rhynchophorinae): Grupos de especies I y II Revisión del género neotropical
genus Metamasius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Rhynchophorinae): Grupo de
especies III] / Vaurie, P. (American Museum of Natural History. Department of
Entomology, New York, NY 10024-5192, US).
In: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (ISSN 0003-0090), v.
131, no. 3, p. 1-119. 1966.
Metamasius is one of the 116 genera of the large weevil tribe Rhynchophorini,
as listed in junk's catalogue of the Coleoptera of the world (Csiki, 1936).
This tribe, the species of which are characterized by having the pygidium
exposed beyond the elytra and the elbowed antennae inserted at or near the base
of the beak, includes the great majority of the genera of the subfamily
Rhynchophorinae (previously called Calandrinae by many authors). Species of
this tribe are found on all the continents and on many islands, being most
numerous in tropical regions, especially in the Americas and in the
Indo-Pacific Region. In the New World, according to Blackwelder (1947), there
are 27 genera in the tribe. Species of the genus Metamasius are generally
medium to large (from about 10 to 20 mm. in length), elongate, torpedo-shaped,
or spindle-shaped (fusiform), black in ground color, but usually banded,
spotted, or streaked with bright or dull red, orange, or yellow, the colors
interchangeable with the black inmany species; a few species are gray, with
black velvety spots. In contrast to many weevils, these species have no scales
or dorsal hairs, although several have a rather tomentose covering or coating.
They are diurnal, as far as is known, and good fliersexcept for three species
with reduced wings (cornurostris, fahraei, foveolatus). In habits they are
associated chiefly with orchids, bromeliads, palms, sugarcane, bananas, and
cacti, but the ecology of more than half of the species has not been recorded.
The life history of Metamasius hemipterus Linnaeus, however, is sufficiently
well known, especially in the West Indies, where it even has a common name,
i.e., the rotten stalk borer of sugarcane (Wolcott, 1948), or the West Indian
sugarcane borer (Wyniger, 1962). Although injuries from this species do not
occur primarily on healthy plants, by a related species (Rhabdoscelis obscura
Boisduval) from the South Pacific, imported into Hawaii in the 1850's, caused
$200,000 worth of damage a year on one plantation of sugarcane (Zimmerman,
1941, p. 99). The entire genus has not been revised since its description by
Horn in 1873. My revision was at first concerned only with the approximately 50
species placed in the genus by subsequent authors, but a survey of the
literature and a preliminary examination of some of the types soon revealed
that what one author regarded as Metamasius another regarded as Cactophagus
LeConte, 1876 (16 species), or vice versa, and that one author described the
same species (sanguinipes) in both genera. Confusion was found also between
species assigned to Cactophagus and those to two other New World genera
(Eucactophagus and Phyllerythrurus, each with 13 species), and between species
of Metamasius and those of Metamasiopsis (seven). In all, there appeared to be
as many synonyms as valid species. The present paper includes observations on
the taxonomy, anatomy, ecology, sexual dimorphism, and distribution of the 57
species of two species groups (Metamasius, Paramasius, and Metamasiopsis of
most authors). The approximately 50 species of a third group (Cactophagus,
Eucactophagus, Phyllerythrurus of authors) will appear in a subsequent paper.
The third group is not included here because some species of still another
genus, Rhodobaenus, may have to be included, and these have not yet been
studied. Approximately 3950 specimens of species groups I and II were examined,
including the types of 61 forms. Lectotypes are designated for an additional 13
forms. The types of 16 forms were not available, because they were out on loan,
were destroyed during the war, or simply could not be found. Eight new species
are described, six from South America, one from Central and South America, and
one from Puerto Rico. Some species were found to bevery abundant (more than 100
specimens examined) : anceps, cinnamominus, dasyurus, ensirostris, hebetatus,
hemipterus, inaequalis, and tuberculipectus. A few species are represented by
the type specimen only: guentheri, scutiger, tibialis, and yunquensis. One
species (hemipterus) was found to be polytypic.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6363.
Publicación no.: 389 A revision of the neotropical genus Metamasius
(Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Rhynchophorinae): Species group III [Revisión del
género neotropical genus Metamasius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae,
Rhynchophorinae): Grupo de especies III] / Vaurie, P. (American Museum of
Natural History. Department of Entomology, New York, NY 10024-5192, US).
In: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (ISSN 0003-0090), v.
136, no. 4, p. 175-268. 1967.
In the first part of my revision (Vaurie, 1966) of the tropical curculionid
genus Metamasius Horn, 1873, species groups I and II were discussed. The
present paper is the second and final part and concerns species group III. The
genus, as now outlinedincludes 101 species: 55 in group I, two in group II, and
44 in group III. The three species groups, as stated previously, are defined on
the basis of the presence of a lateral line on, or its absence from, the
aedeagus (this line is absent from the species of group III) and, in addition,
on external characters. A few species in each group are aberrant in some
external characters of the respective group; in such cases the aedeagus is the
final arbiter. For the key to the species of groups I and II, andfor a
discussion of the genus and its synonyms, the first part of the revision should
be consulted. I have examined approximately 1350 specimens of group III,
including the types of 39 forms, and have designated lectotypes for an
additional 13 forms described by Champion. I chose for lectotype the specimen
in the British Museum (Natural History) that bore Champion's handwritten label.
The only types not examined are those of sanguinolentus Olivier, aurofasciatus
Bréme, validus LeConte, and procerus LeConte. Nine new species are
described-seven from South America, and two from Central America. One species
(mesomelas Champion) is transferred from Rhodobaenus for reasons given under
the species, and two (laetus Erichson and strigosus Erichson) are transferred
from Sphenophorus. The remaining species, except for Metamasius elegantulus
Hustache and M. biguttatus Champion, were described in or transferred to genera
now considered synonymous with Metamasius. Specimens of group III are far less
numerous in collections than are those of groups I and II, only two species
(fahraei and spinolae), both polytypic, exceeding 100 in specimens examined. As
these weevils are scattered in many collections, and as the American Museum of
Natural History, where this studywas made, has fewer than half of the species
of group III, I mention in the Appendix from what institution or individual
each specimen comes. In the first part of this revision, I explained (Vaurie,
1966, p. 216) that the species of group III were not included there because I
had yet to study the types of the species of a closely related genus,
Rhodobaenus LeConte, some of which might be considered synonyms of Metamasius.
I have now examined these types, as well as many additional specimens in
European museums, and I have decided not to change the status of Rhodobaenus.
It may be inconsistent to have synonymized seven other genera with Metamasius,
and not Rhodobaenus, but the latter is a large, heterogeneous group of 75 or
more described species, at least some of which differ evidently in their
ecology from those of Metamasius, being found in Compositae and various flowers
and weeds, whereas the species of Metamasius are found in bananas, orchids,
bromeliads, palms, and cacti. The majority of species of Rhodobaenus (including
Homalostylusl) are readily differentiated from species of Metamasius by the
excavated (or bilamellate) inner apex of the the claw segment of the tarsus
(text fig. 1), a character found also in some eastern species of
differentgenera (Sphenophorus basilanus Heller from Celebes, Cytorrhinus
castaneipennis Boheman from Africa, and possibly others). Twenty species or
more, however, lack this claw character and could, therefore, conceivably be
removed from the genus, perhaps to Metamasius, perhaps to a new genus. It seems
to me, after an examination of these species, that other characters of these
species (the width of the antennal scape, the size of the scutellum, the
parallel general shape, the bent-backward pronotum, the subrostral hairs, the
dull gray or black color, the irro- rate spots on the surface, and the
contiguous front coxae) correlate quite well with those of the species that
have the claw character, and that it is better to keep them all together, at
least for thepresent. A revision of Rhodobaenus, which has not been made
recently, may well show that the species have more in common with one another
than with the species of Metamasius, although, as can be seen from the generic
key below, a number of couplets are needed to distinguish those species of
Rhodobaenus that lack an excavation on the claw from those of Metamasius. I am
working now on a review of the species without the claw character (R. nawradii
and allies). The fact that the excavated claw segment is not present in all
species invalidates my former statements (Vaurie, 1951, p. 52, fig. 1; 1966, p.
230) that it is a generic character of Rhodobaenus.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6362.
Publicación no.: 390 Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the
neotropical region. Part I. Subfamily Cerambycinae [Catálogo de los
Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) de la región neotropical. Parte I. Subfamilia
Cerambycinae] / Monné, M.A. (Museu Nacional/Universidad Federal do Rio de
Janeiro. Departamento de Entomologia, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão,
29840-040, Rio de Janeiro, BR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Zootaxa (ISSN 1175-5334 (Online)), no. 946, p. 1-765. 2005.
A catalogue of the subfamiliy Cerambycinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the
Neotropical Region is presented. Fifty-seven tribes, 10 subtribes, 716 genera,
3789 species and 68 subspecies are listed in alphabetical order. Under each
family-group name bibliographical references are given and under each
species-group name, data on the type locality, the acronym of the institution
where the type is deposited, the geographical distribution and detailed
bibliographical references are provided. One new combination is presented:
Plocaederus yucatecus (Chemsak & Noguera, 1997), new comb., from Brasilianus.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6247.
Publicación no.: 391 Potencialidades y limitantes para el desarrollo de turismo
rural sostenible por organizaciones de productores de la región Huetar Norte,
Costa Rica / Mélanie, C.; Lauvie, A.
Paris: Instituto Nacional Agronómico de Paris Grignon (INA-PG), 2002. 25 p.
El desarrollo turístico mundial es cada año más importante, trayendo
supuestamente beneficios a los países receptores, pero causando en realidad
muchos efectos negativos e inigualdades a nivel social, económico y ambiental.
En este contexto se ha desarrollado desde un poco más de una década una
alternativa: el turismo sostenible. Cuando este turismo beneficia a las
poblaciones rurales, se llama turismo rural sostenible (o agroecoturismo cuando
se enfoca sobre la actividad agrícola.). Este tipo de turismo empieza también a
desarrollarse en Costa Rica pero con varias dificultades y en este contexto el
objetivo del estudio es ver cuales son las potencialidades y limitantes para el
desarrollo de turismo rural sostenible por tres organizaciones de la región
Huetar Norte. El grupo APROSAMA que agrupa 8 comunidades y el grupo de mujeres
de Santa Elena de Pital tienen como mayor limitante su aislamiento, sin
embargo, tienen la oportunidad de estar en contacto con Eco-teach, un
organizador de giras de turismo estudiantil que podría darles posibilidades de
desarrollo de actividad de turismo. La ubicación del Grupo Ecológico de Mujeres
del Abanico (GEMA) les da mas ventajas ya que están cerca de la ciudad más
turística de la Zona Norte, sin embargo el grupoya está involucrado en un
proyecto de plantas medicinales y hay que evaluar el tiempo disponible antes de
lanzarse en un proyecto turístico. Estos tres grupos si desarrollan actividades
turísticas tendrían que articularse entres ellos, y con otros gruposque
desarrollan este tipo de actividad, por medio del CRAE-ZN, de la Uni-CRESE, del
proyecto TCC, de la red COOPRENA o de la MNC por ejemplo. Desde hace varios
años, se toma conciencia de que la función del agricultor no es solamente
producir, pero también establecer belleza escénica, cuidar el entorno con sus
practicas, establecer una dinámica económica y cultural en el medio rural etc.
Una manera de valorizar estos papeles puede ser el establecimiento de
actividades de turismo rural como actividad complementaria, por los
agricultores. En Costa Rica, este tipo de actividades se está desarrollando
desde hace varios años. En este contexto el objetivo del estudio, definido con
David Meneses, el coordinador de investigaciones y asesor técnico del Comité
Regional de Agricultores Experimentadores de la Zona Norte, es estudiar cuales
son las oportunidades de 3 organizaciones de la Zona Norte para desarrollar
este tipo de actividades agro-eco turísticas. Las tres organizaciones elegidas
por el coordinador deinvestigaciones y asesor técnico del CRAE-ZN para este
estudio fueron la Asociación de Productores Agroforestales y Afines de San
Marcos de Cutris, APROSAMA, que agrupa 8 comunidades entre los ríos Tres Amigos
y San Carlos, el Grupo Ecológico de Mujeres del Abanico, GEMA, y la Asociación
de Mujeres de Santa Elena de Pital. Fueron elegidas porque están involucradas
en la Uni-CRESE y en particular están en contacto regular con su asesor
técnico. Uno de los grupos, GEMA, parece particularmente bien ubicadopara
desarrollar turismo rural ya que está cerca de La Fortuna, la ciudad más
turística de la Zona Norte. Los dos otros grupos no están tan bien ubicados
pero a pesar de esta situación geográfica, ya tuvieron una experiencia de
turismo estudiantil, y es interesante ver si podrían desarrollar mas esta
actividad turística. La primera parte del informe presenta de manera sucinta la
emergencia del fenómeno de turismo sostenible al nivel mundial, y en particular
como se ha desarrollado esta forma de turismo en Costa Rica. Luego, para cada
grupo, se dará una presentación rápida de la asociación, un estudio de sus
potencialidades y limitantes para desarrollar turismo rural sostenible, y para
terminar trataremos de ver como se podría vincular la acción de estos grupos,
en el contexto regional y nacional.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6655.
Publicación no.: 392 New or little known neotropical Blattidae (Orthoptera).
No. 1 [Nuevas o poco conocidas Blattidae (Orthoptera) neotropicales. No. 1] /
Rehn, J.A.G.
In: Transactions of the American Entomological Society (ISSN 0002-8320), v. 54,
no. 2, p. 125-194. 1928.
The present number contains the descriptions of one new genus and eighteen new
species, the re-defining of three previously-known species and revisions of the
genus Litopeltis and the Elegans Group of the genus Euphyllodromia, with keys
to the species in each of these cases. The species here treated are:
(Pseudomopinae) Dendroblatta callizona new species, British Guiana and
Trinidad, Ischnoptera hercules new species, British Guiana, Euphyllodromia
atropos new species, Guiana, E. elegans (Shelford), E. tupi new species,
Amazonia, E. jugata new species, Bolivia, E. boliviensis (Shelford), E.
nigrochlamys new species, Amazonia, Pseudomops praeclara new species, Costa
Rica, P. zonata new species, Peru; (Nyctiborinae) Paratropes pensa new species,
Peru,Nyctibora fictor new species, Brazil; (Panchlorinae) Schist opeltis lizeri
new species, Bolivia, Phortioeca andeana new species, Peru; (Perisphaerinae)
Litopeltis bispinosa (Saussure), L. musarum new species, Costa Rica, L.
calverti new species, Costa Rica, L. votos new species, Costa Rica, L. biolleyi
(Saussure), L. oreas new species, Costa Rica, L. deianira new species, Costa
Rica, Cariacasia capucina new genus and species, Costa Rica.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6157.
Publicación no.: 393 Venom proteins of the fer-de-lance, Bothrops atrox, from
Costa Rica [Proteínas del veneno de la barba amarilla, Bothrops atrox, de Costa
Rica] / Jiménez-Porras, J.M. (Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Medicina,
Departamento de Bioquímica, San José, CR).
In: Toxicon (ISSN 0041-0101), v. 2, p. 155-166. 1964.
Determination of enzyme activities and starch-gel electrophoretic fractionation
at pH 8-6 were carried out on fresh venom from 116 fer-de-lances, Bothrops
atrox, captured in 15 localities of all ecological zones of Costa Rica and kept
in captivity for several months. Fractions containing chymotryptic and thrombic
activities were the most toxic, whereas Iramino acid dehydrogenase,
phosphatidase A and various phosphatases were much less toxic. Geographic
variations, probably due to topographic barriers, were exemplified by
electrophoretically polymorphic L-amino acid dehydrogenase and a trypsin-like
enzyme with multiple action on blood clotting. Although the variable proteins
were present in venoms of all geographic areas, fer-de-lance populations from
the Atlantic and Pacific zones could be distinguished from each other by the
frequency of occurrence of txrtain forms of these proteins and by the degree of
activity of several venom enzymes. Biochemical individuality was shown by
extensive individual differences within single populations. These intraspecific
variations are of genetic origin since they are not correlated with size of the
animals, duration of their captivity, fasting or venom storage before the
analysis. Biochemical properties are more sensitive than morphological
characteristics to show differences at the species level.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-6152.
Publicación no.: 394 Análisis de la población de Caiman crocodilus en el
Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Costa Rica / Junier-Wade, E.F.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 2000. 46 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias
Biológicas, Heredia (Costa Rica).
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Joaquín García M: Tesis 3578.
Publicación no.: 395 Evaluación de la actividad pesquera artesanal en el
Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro, Los Chiles, Alajuela, Costa Rica
/ Méndez-Esquivel, C.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 2004. 40 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias
Biológicas, Heredia (Costa Rica).
Valora los efectos de la pesca artesanal en las poblaciones de peces del
humedal del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño Negro como base para el
establecimiento de medidas para el uso sostenible del recurso íctico. Los
muestreos se realizaron entre el 19 de abril y 4 de mayo del 2004 en la Laguna
Caño Negro. Las muestras de peces se obtuvieron por medio de siete lances de
atarraya de 3.0 m de circunferencia y 2.5 cm de luz de malla, un día antes y
uno después de la faena de pesca (pre pesca y post pesca), que realizan los
pescadores artesanales en Laguna Caño Negro. Los peces capturados se
determinaron taxonómicamente a nivel específico in situ y se liberaron en el
mismo sitio donde se capturaron. Los ejemplares que no se lograron identificar
en el lugar, se fijaron en formol al 10% para su posterior determinación
taxonómica.
Localización: Biblioteca Joaquín García M: Tesis 5178.
Publicación no.: 396 Variación estacional de la comunidad íctica según el
nivel de agua, en el sector Playuelas, Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Caño
Negro, Alajuela, Costa Rica / Sáenz-Sánchez, I.
Heredia: Universidad Nacional, 2001. 52 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias
Biológicas, Heredia (Costa Rica).
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Joaquín García M: Tesis 4094.
Publicación no.: 397 Experiencias de manejo de vida silvestre en Centroamérica:
pequeños proyectos, grandes lecciones / Ayales-Cruz, I.; Cruz-Barrientos, J.C.;
Madrigal-Cordero, P.; Solís-Rivera, V.; Soto-González, R.
San José: UICN - ORMA, Programa de Vida Silvestre, 1996. 101 p. ISBN:
9968-743-00-3.
El documento presenta las lecciones aprendidas en la sistematización de
proyectos de manejo comunitario; de proyectos de control y conservación de
recursos de vida silvestre; de proyectos de transferencia de tecnología y de
proyectos de uso sostenible de recursos. Incluye experiencias de campo en
Nicaragua, Panamá, El Salvador, Guatemala y Costa Rica. Constituye un
acercamiento a las experiencias comunitarias de manejo de los recursos
naturales, como una opción para reducir la pobreza y respetar el medio
ambiente. Los proyectos de desarrollo presentes en esta obra, pretenden el
respeto a las diferentes culturas y al ambiente, así como el beneficio de
mantener la herencia de las comunidades.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NUMERAR531.
Publicación no.: 398 Conservación y utilización de los recursos naturales del
Humedal de Medio Queso / Fundación Oro Verde, Heredia, CR.
Heredia: Fundación Oro Verde, 1998. 11 p.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: AV 333.918 no. 5.
Publicación no.: 399 El manejo local de bosques, un instrumento para el
desarrollo rural. Documento de trabajo / Soto, J.; Ennals, A.
San José: FAO (Costa Rica) - Programa de Bosques, Arboles y Comunidades Rurales
FAO/CCAB-AP, 1999. 64 p.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: FAO 307.72097286 S818.
Publicación no.: 400 Evaluación de la diversidad genética de especies
tropicales de importancia económica y ecológica en Centro América y el Caribe,
implicaciones para la conservación, la utilización sostenible y el manejo /
Navarro-Pereira, C.M.; Hernández-Martínez, M. (CATIE. Manejo de Bosques
Tropicales y Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Turrialba, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]>). Congreso Latinoamericano IUFRO. I, Valdivia CL, 1998. 11
p.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: CATIE N322eva.
Publicación no.: 401 Mapa de cobertura forestal, zona norte / Baules-Aguilar,
A. San José: Cooperación en los Sectores Forestal y Maderero (Proyecto
COSEFORMA)/ Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Transportes / Dirección General
Forestal / GTZ, 1992. 17 pp.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Conmemorativa Orton: 728.6 B346.
Publicación no.: 402 Estrategia para el desarrollo sostenible del humedal de
Caño Negro [borrador] / UICN-ORCA, PO Box 146-2150, Moravia, San José, CR.
San José: UICN-ORCA, 1990. p. irr..
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 1760.
Publicación no.: 403 Composición biométrica de Anodontites trapesialis
(Bivalvia: Mycetopodidae) en Caño Negro, Costa Rica y algunos factores que
intervienen para su cultivo / Villalobos-Masís, C.E., 2005. 63 p.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José (Costa
Rica).
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 26173.
Publicación no.: 404 Inventario de las especies de las familias
Ganodermataceae, Hymenochaetaceae y Polyporaceae (Aphyllophorales) en el
Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre, Caño Negro / Ruiz-Boyer, A. (Museo Nacional
de Costa Rica. Herbario Nacional de Costa Rica; Apdo. 749-1000, San José, CR
<E-mail: [email protected]>), 1993. 112 pp.
Tesis, Licenciatura en Biología con énfasis en Biosistemática, Universidad de
Costa Rica, San José (Costa Rica).
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: Tesis 14141.
Publicación no.: 405 Reconocimiento ambiental Fila Caño Negro (La Chepa) Cuatro Bocas, Upala, Alajuela / García-Espinoza, J.D. San José: Instituto
Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, 1996. 19 p.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca Luis D. Tinoco: 333.731.6 G216r.
Publicación no.: 406 Conservación y manejo de humedales y zonas costeras en
América Central: metodologías y prioridades / Pizarro-Bustos, J.F
Córdoba-Muñoz, R.; Meza, V.; Poiani, K.; Richter, B.; Windevoxhel-Lora, N.J.;
Rodríguez, J.J.; Lahmann-Zeledón, E.J. (Unión Mundial para la Naturaleza.
Oficina Regional para Mesoamérica (UICN/Mesoamérica), Area Temática de
Humedales y Zonas Costeras, Apdo. 146-2150, Moravia, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
).
Taller Regional Conservación y Manejo de Humedales y Zonas Costeras en América
Central y Congreso de la Sociedad Mesoamericana para la Biología y la
Conservación, Ciudad de Guatemala GT. Jul. 5-8, 1999. Guatemala: CCAD/ PROARCA
Costas / UICN, 1999. p. irr.
(No abstract).
Localización: Biblioteca UICN-Mesoamérica: 8678.
Publicación no.: 407 El Niño y los incendios forestales en Costa Rica /
Villalobos-Flores, R.; Retana-Barrantes, J.A.; Acuña, A. (Instituto
Meteorológico Nacional. Gestión de Desarrollo, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tópicos Meteorológicos y Oceanográficos, v. 7, no. 1, p. 1-20. 2000.
Se realizó un estudio para analizar la posible influencia del fenómeno El Niño,
sobre la ocurrencia y/o dispersión de los incendios forestales en el Pacífico
Norte de Costa Rica. Por medio de comparaciones sencillas de series de tiempo,
se relacionó el número de incendios y hectáreas dañadas en el Area de
Conservación Guanacaste, durante años reportados como Niño en la literatura
internacional. Se evidenció un leve aumento del número de incendios durante
algunos años El Niño. El número de hectáreas dañadas no parece tener relación.
Hay evidencias estadísticas sobre la influencia de El Niño en el comportamiento
seco de la precipitación anual en la zona y un aumento en la temperatura
ambiental. Estos factores pueden contribuir con la dispersión de los incendios
durante estos años. A pesar de esto, no existen evidencias que demuestren que
durante los años El Niño, el aumento de incendios se deba a factores
estrictamente climatológicos. Según un método de valoración de la diversidad
biológica en áreasde conservación, durante el evento de 1997-1998, las pérdidas
por biodiversidad en las diferentes Areas de Conservación, ascendieron a unos
23 millones de dólares.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-7057.
Publicación no.: 408 Validación de CROPGRO-Dry Bean, un modelo de simulación
del crecimiento y desarrollo del cultivo de frijol en Los Chiles, Costa Rica /
Villalobos-Flores, R.; Retana-Barrantes, J.A. (Instituto Meteorológico
Nacional. Departamento de Agrometeorología, San José, CR <E-mail:
[email protected]> <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Tópicos Meteorológicos y Oceanográficos, v. 10, no. 2, p. 63-68. 2003.
CROPGro is a growth and development simulation model. It has been designed in
order to simulate the growth, development and bean´s yield. The model uses the
DSSAT format. The calibration and validation outputs of the model are
presented, for the location of Parque, Los Chiles, San Carlos, using the
variety of bean known as "Brunca". A coefficient of determination (r²) of 97%,
a coefficient of correlation of 98% and an index of agreement (d) of 99% were
gotten. The model seen to be an usefull tool for the forecast and the pursuit
ontogenic of this crop.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-7160.
Publicación no.: 409 A multidisciplinary approach directed towards the
commercial release of transgenic herbicide-tolerant rice in Costa Rica [Enfoque
multidisciplinario hacia la liberación comercial de arroz transgénico tolerante
a herbicidas en Costa Rica] / Espinoza-Esquivel, A.M.; Arrieta-Espinoza, G.
(Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y
Molecular, San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]> <E-mail:
[email protected]>).
In: Transgenic Research (ISSN 1573-9368 (online)), v. 16, p. 541-555. 2007.
This review discusses a multidisciplinary and multicomponent approach leading
to the development and commercial release of transgenic Costa Rican rice
varieties tolerant to the herbicide gluphosinate ammonium. We describe the
field evaluations of thetransgenic lines and their potential environmental
impact, focusing on gene flow, particularly in relation to native wild Oryza
species and weedy rice, based on trials performed in compliance with the
national regulatory requirements of the country. We also present a
socio-economic analysis of rice production in Costa Rica and the economic
benefits of genetically modified (GM) rice as well as an environmental
risk-benefit analysis for the deployment of GM rice. Additionally, food safety
evaluation, intellectual property management, requirements for deregulation,
and options for the commercialization of the new varieties are discussed. We
also present results from a national survey aimed at assessing the level of
support for GM crops in Costa Rica as this forms an integral component of our
approach. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the adoption of these
genetically improved rice varieties will provide clear benefits to Costa Rican
rice growers and consumers.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-7224
Publicación no.: 410. Conservación de las aves acuáticas de Costa Rica
[Conservation of aquatic birds of Costa Rica] / Alvarado-Quesada, G.M. (Museo
Nacional de Costa Rica. Departamento de Historia Natural, Apdo. Postal 749-1000,
San José, CR <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Brenesia (ISSN 0304-3711), no. 66, p. 49-68. 2006.
I present here the results of published literature review, expert bird lists,
field dates about waterbirds and wetlands: diversity, distribution, important
places, population estimates, threats, a list of threatened species at
global, regional and national level and recommendations for conservation.
Results reveals that Costa Rica has 165 waterbirds species that belong to 24
families and represent, 19.4 % of the country birds species. Most of then are
migratory species 60.0%; 33.0% are breeding-residents and 7.0 % are
migratory-resident. Important places for Costa Rican waterbirds are: Palo
Verde National Park, Tortuguero National Park, Cocos Island National Park,
Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge, some nesting islands and stop-over places during
the migration. Four species are global threatened (UICN), 21 species are
regional threatened (NAWCP), five are considered threatened at national level
and one probably it is extinct. The main threats for the most important
wetlands and waterbirds are: contamination, wetlands destruction, over
exploitation of wetlands resources and tourism.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: B.
Publicación no.: 411. Impacto del fenómeno "El Niño" sobre la producción de
arroz y frijol en dos regiones agrícolas de Costa Rica / Villalobos-Flores, R.
(Instituto Meteorológico Nacional. Departamento de Agrometeorología, San José,
CR <E-mail: [email protected]>. [San José]: Roberto Villalobos, s.f. 7 pp.
El sector agrícola de Costa Rica es muy vulnerable al impacto producido por
la variabilidad climática. Una importante fuente de variación en las
condiciones del clima la provee el fenómeno ENSO. Se analizan dos cultivos en
regiones agrícolas de importancia económica para el país, arroz de secano en
Liberia y frijol en Los Chiles. Se encontró diferencia estadísticamente
significativa entre las fases del ENSO y la precipitación anual, la
precipitación estacional y las temperaturas máximas y promedio anual de
Liberia, se determinó que bajo condiciones de fase cálida los rendimientos de
arroz de secano disminuyen. En el caso de frijol en Los Chiles no se encontró
ninguna relación estadística entre los parámetros meteorológicos y las fases
ENSO, aunque si existe alguna relación entre años con fase cálida fuerte y
bajos rendimientos de frijol.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: NBINA-7183.
Publicación no.: 412. Novas espécies de Cometes Audinet-Serville, 1828
(Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) [Nuevas especies de Cometes Audinet-Serville, 1828
(Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)] / Hovore, F.T.; Santos-Silva, A. (14734 Sundance
Place. Santa Clarita, CA 91387-1542 US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (ISSN 1807-0205 (online)), v. 47,
no. 5, p. 75-96. 2007.
Thirteen new species of Cometes Audinet-Serville, 1828 from Mexico, Central
and South America are described and illustrated: C. rileyi from Mexico, C.
solisi, C. nearnsi, and C. morrisi from Costa Rica, C. turnbowi and C.
giesberti from Panama, C. lingafelteri and C. marcelae from Colombia, C.
hovorei and C. thomasi from Peru, C. solangeae from Bolivia and Brazil, and
C. monnei and C. mariahelenae from Brazil.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: numerar672.
Publicación no.: 413. Variação do colorido elitral, nova espécie e novos
registros em Cometes Audinet-Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae,
Disteniinae) [Variación en la coloración de los élitros, nueva especie y nuevos
registros en Cometes Audinet-Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae,
Disteniinae)] / Hovore, F.T.; Santos-Silva, A. (14734 Sundance Place. Santa
Clarita, CA 91387-1542 US <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (ISSN 1807-0205 (online)), v. 47,
no. 8, p. 113-125. 2007.
The elytral color pattern variation in Cometes eximius Bates, 1885, C. pojuca
(Martins & Galileo, 2001), C. bicolor Fisher, 1946, C. pulcherrimus Bates,
1872, C. hilaris Bates, 1885, and C. birai sp. nov. from Costa Rica, is
commented. Lectotype and paralectotype are designated for C. eximius. New
records are mentioned for C. humeralis Villiers, 1958, C. argodi Belon, 1896,
C. hirticornis Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828, C. carinatus Villiers,
1958, C. venustus Bates, 1885, C. quadrimaculatus (Villiers, 1958), C.
spinipennis (Villiers, 1958), C. eximius, C. festivus Bates, 1885, C. pojuca,
C. bicolor and C. hilaris.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: numerar671.
Publicación no.: 414. Biomass and water storage dynamics of epiphytes in oldgrowth and secondary montane cloud forest stands in Costa Rica [Biomasa y la
dinámica de almacenamiento de agua de las epífitas de bosques nublados montanos
en edad madura y secundarios en Costa Rica] / Köhler, L.; Tobón, C.; ArnoudFrumau, K.F.; Bruijnzeel, L.A. (University of Göttingen. Albrecht-von-Haller
Institute for Plant Sciences, Plant Ecology, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073
Goettingen, DE <E-mail: [email protected]>).
In: Plant Ecology (ISSN 0042-3106), v. 193, p. 171-184. 2007.
Epiphytic biomass, canopy humus and associated canopy water storage capacity
are known to vary greatly between old-growth tropical montane cloud forests
but for regenerating forests such data are virtually absent. The present
study was conducted in an old-growth cloud forest and in a 30-year-old
secondary forest (SF) on windexposed slopes in the Cordillera de Tilarán
(Monteverde area) in northern Costa Rica. Epiphytic vegetation in both
forests was dominated by bryophytes. Epiphyte mat weight (epiphyte biomass
and canopy humus) at the stand level was 1,035 kg ha-¹ in the SF and 16,215
kg ha-¹ in the old-growth forest (OGF). The water contents of epiphytic
bryophytes in the OGF were determined gravimetrically in situ and showed
maximum values of 418%± 74 (SD)% of dry weight and minimum values of 36% ± 10
(SD)%. Maximum stand water storage of non-vascular epiphytes and canopy humus
at Monteverde was estimated at 0.36 mm for the SF and 4.95 mm for the OGF.
Epiphytic bryophytes exhibited more dynamic wetting and drying cycles
compared to canopy humus. Maximum water loss through evaporation was 251% of
dry weight (bryophytes) and 117% of dry weight (canopy humus) within 3 days
of sunny weather without precipitation. Despite the high potential water
storage capacity of epiphytic bryophytes and canopy humus the actually
available storage is likely to be much smaller depending on antecedent
rainfall and evaporative conditions.
Localización: Biblioteca OET: numerar666.