Fabbing, software libre y cultura libre

Fabbing,
software libre y
cultura libre
José Pérez de Lama
Centro IND Universidad de Sevilla /
hackitectura.net /
the commons factory /
DP+FD 10.2010, Málaga
Makerbot Cupcake con A. Muñoz y D. Pello
Arquitecturas Colectivas, Pasaia 07.2010
Index
Digital fabrication > personal fabrication
Fablabs [CBA / MIT network]
Centro IND / Lab Fabricación Digital Sevilla
[Digital good / bienes digitales]
Software libre / fabricación libre
Libertades software libre. Licencias
Cuadro.01
Una ecología social / cuadro.02
The commons factory [con Areti Nikolopoulou]
:: plug-ins at Santa Ana
Digital fabrication, everyday life, urban intervention and free culture
Commons; cooperation
Library
Daily life objects and digitally fabricated objects
Spimes [Bruce Sterling]
1
A cartography of digital fabrication in architecture
2
Community and personal fabrication / Fab Lab [MIT / CBA network]
Fab Lab definition [http://fab.cba.mit.edu/about/faq/ accesed 2010.10]
Fab labs provide widespread access to modern means for invention. They began as an outreach project from
MIT's Center for Bits and Atoms (CBA). CBA assembled millions of dollars in machines for research in digital
fabrication, ultimately aiming at developing programmable molecular assemblers that will be able to make
almost anything. Fab labs fall between these extremes, comprising roughly fifty thousand dollars in equipment
and materials that can be used today to do what will be possible with tomorrow's personal fabricators.
Fab labs have spread from inner-city Boston to rural India, from South Africa to the North of Norway. Activities in
fab labs range from technological empowerment to peer-to-peer project-based technical training to local
problem-solving to small-scale high-tech business incubation to grass-roots research. Projects being developed
and produced in fab labs include solar and wind-powered turbines, thin-client computers and wireless data
networks, analytical instrumentation for agriculture and healthcare, custom housing, and rapid-prototyping of
rapid-prototyping machines.
Fab labs share core capabilities, so that people and projects can be shared across them. This currently
includes:
* A computer-controlled lasercutter, for press-fit assembly of 3D structures from 2D parts
* A larger (4'x8') numerically-controlled milling machine, for making furniture- (and house-) sized parts
* A signcutter, to produce printing masks, flexible circuits, and antennas
* A precision (micron resolution) milling machine to make three-dimensional molds and surface-mount circuit
boards
* Programming tools for low-cost high-speed embedded processors
These work with components and materials optimized for use in the field, and are controlled with custom
software for integrated design, manufacturing, and project management. This inventory is continuously
evolving, towards the goal of a fab lab being able to make a fab lab.]
The Fab Charter
Mission: fab labs are a global network of local labs, enabling invention by
providing access for individuals to tools for digital fabrication.
Access: you can use the fab lab to make almost anything (that doesn't hurt
anyone); you must learn to do it yourself, and you must share use of the lab with
other uses and users
Education: training in the fab lab is based on doing projects and learning from
peers; you're expected to contribute to documentation and instruction
Responsibility: you're responsible for:
safety: knowing how to work without hurting people or machines
cleaning up: leaving the lab cleaner than you found it
operations: assisting with maintaining, repairing, and reporting on tools,
supplies, and incidents
Secrecy: designs and processes developed in fab labs must remain available
for individual use although intellectual property can be protected however you
choose
Business: commercial activities can be incubated in fab labs but they must not
conflict with open access, they should grow beyond rather than within the lab,
and they are expected to benefit the inventors, labs, and networks that
contribute to their success.
draft: August 30, 2007
LFD / Fablab Sevilla _ 2009-2010
Space / Machines
Human team / Networks
Research, teaching and design
3
Digital goods / free software / digital commons
Cooperation 1975 <
Public Domain >1989
WWW
Algunas empresas / web
2.0, que se basan
fuertemente en la
cooperación y el software
libre / open source
[wikinomics]
El paradigma del software libre / la ética hacker
Richard Stallman, 2008, en la Casa Invisible de Málaga
GPL, Creative Commons / Free Software vs Open Source
http://creativecommons.org/
* You must conspicuously and appropriately publish
on each copy distributed an appropriate copyright
notice and disclaimer of warranty and keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of
any warranty; and give any other recipients of the
Program a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with the Program. Any translation of the GNU
General Public License must be accompanied by the
GNU General Public License.
GNU – General Public License
4 libertades +
* If you modify your copy or copies of the program or
any portion of it, or develop a program based upon it,
you may distribute the resulting work provided you do
so under the GNU General Public License. Any
translation of the GNU General Public License must be
accompanied by the GNU General Public License.
* If you copy or distribute the program, you must
accompany it with the complete corresponding
machine-readable source code or with a written offer,
valid for at least three years, to furnish the complete
corresponding machine-readable source code.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/GPL/2.0/
http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html
Attribution / cc by
This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as
long as they credit you for the original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses
offered, in terms of what others can do with your works licensed under Attribution .
Attribution Share Alike / cc by-sa
This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work even for commercial reasons, as
long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms. This license is
often compared to open source software licenses. All new works based on yours will carry the
same license, so any derivatives will also allow commercial use.
Attribution No Derivatives / cc by-nd
This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed
along unchanged and in whole, with credit to you.
Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike / cc by-nc-sa
This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as they
credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms. Others can download and
redistribute your work just like the by-nc-nd license, but they can also translate, make remixes,
and produce new stories based on your work. All new work based on yours will carry the same
license, so any derivatives will also be non-commercial in nature.
Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives / cc by-nc-nd
This license is the most restrictive of our six main licenses, allowing redistribution. This license is
often called the “free advertising” license because it allows others to download your works and
share them with others as long as they mention you and link back to you, but they can’t change
them in any way or use them commerciall y.
http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses/
Commons / procomún
Innovative, creative commons
Recurso generado, gestionado y mantenido colectivamente, _ que es
también compartido colectivamente, del que puede beneficiarse toda la
comunidad
La lengua
Las tradiciones / cultura populares
La tradición literaria
El conocimiento en la tradición ilustrada europea [ejemplo: arquitectura]
Las costumbres y estilos de vida [?]
La información en Internet
El software libre
Ciertos medios creativos
Hipótesis.01: la producción de riqueza en la sociedad red es posible en
gran medida a estos comunes
Hipótesis.02: La metrópolis en la sociedad red, como la nueva fábrica [?]
4
Strategies for free fabrication / fabricaction commons [?]
Would it be possible / interesting a translation of the practices of free
software into pratices of free fabrication?
Arduino board / Adrian Bowyer _ Massimo Banzi, David Cuartielles and ali
http://arduino.cc
RepRap / Adrian Bowyer _ http://reprap.org
Makerbot Cupcake CNC and Makerbot Industries team
http://makerbot.com
http://thingiverse.com
5
The commons factory :: plug-ins at santa ana
The commons factory :: plug ins at santa ana
Areti Nikolopoulou + Jose Pérez de Lama
Absolut Lab, Madrid [MIT-CBA network]
18-25.10.2010
The commons factory
[an on-going project by Areti Nikolopoulou y Jose Pérez de Lama, osfa]
[2010]
Library of urban plug-ins: site specific + generic
Digitally fabricated pieces + recycled standard components
Spimes
Cooperative production, collective intelligence
Free licenses: use, source code, copy, modification & redistibution
Urban intervention; social production of space
Thingiverse and qr codes
http://thecommonsfactory.wordpress.com
http://thingiverse.com
Areti Nikolopoulou [tcf], Rodrigo Rubio [Absolut
Lab], Andrés Perea y J. Pérez de Lama [tcf]
Flujo de trabajo
Ideas [10 grupos de 2]
Diseño para la fabricación [5 proyectos]
_ Componentes
_ Geometría general
_ Fabricación y testeo de prototipos
Fabricación
Logística
Ensamblaje e instalación en el espacio
público
Documentación y Publicación
http://thecommonsfactory.wordpress.com
6
Bibliography / references
References:
Textos.01/
J. Pérez de Lama, 2009, Arquitectura FLOS
Textos.02/
Yochai Benkler, 2006, The Wealth of Networks
N. Gershenfeld, 2005, Fab
M. Hardt & A. Negri, 2009, Commonwealth
C. Kelty, 2008, Two Bits
H. Tapscott, 2008, Wikinomics
Web/
Medialab prado / laboratorio procomún
Berlin commons
Openp2pdesign.org
P2p Foundation
Reprap
Makerbot
Arduino
Thingiverse
Instructables
Openware
Comunarquitectura
José Pérez de Lama &The commons factory, 2010.10
Images: copyright of their authors
Presentation: cc by-sa