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en Demografía. Docente Principal de la Facultad de Trabajo
Social de la UNA Puno.
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1
Mariátegui total. Tomo I. Empresa Editora Amauta, 1994.
Por mucho tiempo se pensó que la producción de su «Edad de piedra»
no tuvo algún valor o aporte al conocimiento marxista. No sólo se
equi-vocaron en ello, sino que ahora se reconoce como indispensable
para el conocimiento del gran pensador latinoamericano.
2
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3
Juan Croniqueur es el seudónimo que con más frecuencia utiliza en
su «edad de piedra» que duró desde febrero de 1911 hasta junio de
1918.
4
Mariátegui inaugura en El Tiempo una columna que no tarda en
hacerse popular: Voces. En ella aborda temas artísticos y literarios y
desfilan los acontecimientos políticos más importantes. Es también
cronista parlamentario, lo que le permite conocer desde su interior la
política peruana.
5
(Roma, 6 de marzo de 1920).
-0
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6
Este diario duró un corto tiempo. Se hizo en contraposición al diario
«El Día», que estaba relacionado al gobierno de Pardo.
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7
En la revista «Nuestra Época» escriben César Falcón, César Ugarte,
Félix del Valle, Valde-lomar, Percy Gibson, César A. Rodríguez, César
Vallejo y Mariátegui. Todos ellos, en su momento, significaron la
vanguardia intelectual del país.
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8
El teniente José Vázquez no contento con agredirlo lo reta a duelo
que no se plasmó gracias al clamor popular. La ciudad se indignó y
protestó contra la cobardía y la agresión del mencionado teniente que
se habría transformado en un asesinato ya que Mariátegui nunca había
usado una pistola ni podía moverse con rapidez para defenderse.
9
El Ministerio de la Guerra de ese entonces se vio obligado a dimitir.
-2
10
El tiraje de «La Razón» fue entre 5 y 6 mil ejemplares.
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